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STONEHENGE; 

THE    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


VOL.  I. 


ritlMBP  IT  SCBL'LEK  AND  ta^  lA,  TOXAHtt  ATBIKT- 


STONEHENGE; 


THE  ROMANS  IN  BRITAIN. 


A  ROMANCE  OF  THE  DAYS  OF  NERO. 


m 


MALACHI  MOULDY,  F.S.A. 


Nilhbst  ft  Britiih  record  (loog  amtttX^A 
InoldAnHDricH^vbovf  Hcret  ipringi 
No  Gothic  conqmnr  cfftr  dmik,J  irreoled 

The  mvrellou  cunvnl  of  forgoLtta  tl 


IN   THREE    VOLUME 


VOL.  I. 


^/ 


LONDON: 

RICHARD  BENTLEY,  NEW  BURLINGTON  STREET. 

1842. 


(Tz/ 


VUHDOK: 
THIVTin  IT  ■CIl-LtH    INO  CO.,   IS,  tUlAHD  inttl. 


STONEHENGEi 


THE  ROMANS   IN   BRITAIN, 


A  ROMANCE  OP  THE  DAYS  OF  NERO. 


#t 


MALACHI  MOULDY,  P.S.A. 


f  uhlcH  m  Brillib  record  [Long  coaetkl'd 
In  old  AnnaricB,  vhoK  Hcret  iprlngfl 
No  Gothic  connnenir  mr  druik,)  rrmlcd  ^ 
Tbemftrreltoui  current  of  rorgotiAiiUau^N  J'    -  •    ">. 


IN   THREE    VOLUMEftsw:* 
VOL.  I. 


^/ 


y. 


LONDON: 

RICHARD  BENTLEY,  NEW  BURLINGTON  STREET. 

1842. 


^2/. 


PREFACE. 


It  is  a  delicate  and  difficult  task  fur  a  father 
to  undertake  to  usher  into  the  world  the  post- 
humous works  of  his  son.  There  are  so  many 
feelings  and  associations  likely  to  influence  his 
judgment,  when  he  attempts  to  form  a  correct 
estimate  of  them,  that  however  sincerely  he 
may  Aim  at  impartiality,  it  is  hardly  possible 
that  he  can  attain  it. 

The  Editor  of  the  following  Romance  can- 
not hope  to  be  entirely  free  fit)m  those  er- 
rors of  opinion  which  result  from  the  undue 
bias  of  affection ;  but  he  hopes  that,  having 
been  forewarned  of  the  enemy,  he  may  not 
have  been  wholly  unsuccessfiil  in  endeavouring 
to  escape  his  snares.  How  far  his  judgment 
is  correct  in  deeming  these  volumes  an  accept- 
able offering  to  the  public,  it  is  for  them  to 
decide ;  and  he  only  regrets  that  the  person, 

> 


Tt 


PRSFAOE. 


whom  tfacir  decision  would  hsTC  most  con- 
cerned, will  be  tlie  least  utTcctcd  !>y  it.  With 
dillidciicc,  howcv<tr,  rnthvr  tliun  distrust,  he 
begs  to  commence  his  scIT-imposcd  Ubours 
with  *  few  introductorjr  remarks,  relative  to 
tlic  authorshi])  and  editorship  of  tMs  tnle  of 
the  first  centur)'. 

The!  Author  of  "  Stonchcngc,"  whose  work 
will  be  his  best  introduction  to  the  |iiililic,  at 
ait  early-  age  displnyed,  what  in  a  pnrenl's 
partial  eyes  appeared  to  be,  a  precocious  predi« 
lection  and  aptitude  for  the  noble  study  of 
antiquity.  This,  probably,  arose  from  the 
circumstance  of  hia  having  been,  from  his 
cradle,  familiar  witb  the  pbysiagnomies  of 
those  bladc-lcttCTcd  folios  which  are  so  for- 
midable to  the  satin-woTo  sciolists  of  these 
degenerate  days ;  but  so  loved  and  honoured  by 
the  genuine  antiquary. — Yes !  ye  mighty  ones 
of  olden  time,  Nonniua  and  Giraldus,  William 
of  Malmesbury  and  Geofirey  of  Monmouth ! 
how  oCten  has  he  seen  you  expand  yotir  un- 
wieldy dimensions  for  my  edification ;  and  how 
often  have  your  oaken  integuments  ser\-ed  to 
explain  to  his  infiant  intellect  the  origin  of  that 
mystical  phrase,  "hound  in  board*!''  Tr<ily, 
those  were  the  giants  in  literature  who  were 


rBBrACB. 


Til 


wont  to  C&U  their  folios  "letJe  bokcs,"  and 
their  quarto  chronicles  "jiocliet  volumes !" 
But  to  return  from  my  dijpvsston — my  son's 
lamiliiurity  n-Jth  cUsiical  and  British  antiquities 
induced  me  to  educate  'him  for  tlic  lei^ul  pro- 
fession }  as  I  had  long  before  leftrned  from  ray 
Iriend,  the  late  Mr.  PieydeU,  *  that  a  lawyer 
witJtout  history  or  literature,  is  i  moduuiic— u 
mere  working  maitun  ;  if  he  ponetsev  some 
knowledge  of  thew,  he  may  venture  to  c^ 
himself  an  arcbitcct'*  Haviogpasacd  through 
the  usual  period  of  probation,  my  poor  MUnum 
undertook  the  arduous  enterprise  of  ctuicavoai^ 
ing  to  cstnblish  a  practice :  and  his  friends  not 
bearing  from  himoclf  &ny  complaints  of  the 
wBiit  of  success;  and  being  informed  by  others 
llitt  he  •eetned  gencmUy  occupied  -,  concluded 
tltat  he  was  not  dissatiitficd  with  his  progress. 
Tlius  tiuke  wore  nwuy,  until  be  reached  his 
twenty-seventh  year;  when  the  event  took 
place  which  removed  bim  from  the  scene  ofhis 
lalwuni,  and  from  those  snxteties  and  struc^les, 
inddent  to  the  commencement  of  ■  profcs- 
Nional  liCe. 
Shortly  previous,  however,  to  this  occur- 


*  Owf  tlimatrims,  toL  it.,  p.  100. 


TUi 


PRKFAOB. 


rence,  as  we  were  one  day  conversing  on  the 
ilifficuldes  and  discouragements  which  e»> 
counter  a  young  tnan  at  his  entrance  into  life, 
my  son  pointed  to  n  box  in  hiii  apiirtment, 
which  he  stated  contained  the  wages  uf  iiis 
industry,  or  at  least  the  grcKter  portion  of 
them,  during  tlie  three  years  of  his  brief 
practice ;  requesting  me  to  accept  them  as 
a  kind  of  lirst-fruiu'  offering  of  filial  alfection. 
Un  opening  the  box,  to  my  surprise  I  dis- 
coTercd — not  the  emoluments  of  a  Urdily 
remunerating  profession,  consolidated  into  itonie 
tiny  trinket — but  ttiu  MS.  copy  (tf  tlie  work 
now  presented  to  tiie  public ! 

I  know  not  to  wli&t  extent  I  may  have  beea^ 
influenced  by  the  circumstances  under  which  I 
received  it,  but  the  more  I  pcruited  it  the 
more  aniious  I  bc<»inic  that  otliers  aliould 
participate  in  tlic  plisitiirc  which  it  afforded 
me :  nor  will  I  attempt  to  conceal  that  a  little 
parental  pride^  mingles)  with  this  wish  to 
pleaw.  I  therefore  resolved  to  employ  the 
few  hours  of  U-isure,  which  I  could  steal  Arom 
more  serious  labours,  in  prejiaring  the  manu- 
script for  publication. 

.  It  has  been  my  object  to  make  tliis  work 
instructiYe  to  the  clnssical  student,  as  welt  as 


pREriCE.  is 

entertaining  to  the  general  reader :  I  have, 
therefore,  added  numerons  references  to  cor- 
rohorate  what  might  seem  doubtfdl,  and  eluci- 
date what  might  seem  obscure.  Nor  have  I 
allowed  partiality  completely  to  triumph  over 
candour  in  my  criticisms;  but  where  my  aon 
lias  appeared  to  me  to  follow  the  current  of 
tradition  rather  than  the  stream  of  history,  I 
have  marked  the  divarication,  in  order  that  tlie 
reader  might  choose  his  own  course. 

As  the  narratire,  after  traversing  the  sombre 
shades  of  early  drilization,  emerges  into  the 
full  light  of  classical  sunshine,  and  connects 
itself  in  its  progress  with  some  of  the  greatest 
characters,  and  some  of  the  most  important 
events  which  the  world  has  ever  witnessed ; 
I  have  cited  standard  authorities  to  authenticate 
and  illustrate  its  various  descriptions  and 
allusions.  Indeed,  I  have  done  that  for 
"  Stonehenge,"  which  my  learned  brother, 
Monkbams,  proposed  doing  for  the  "Cale- 
doniad :"  but  in  this  I  deem  myself  more 
fortunate  than  him— that  my  comment  has  not 
been  delayed  by  the  non-completion  of  the 
text.'  Hoping  that  this  hint  wilt  not  be  lost 
upon  my  Lord  Geraldine,  I  proceed  further  to 
observe,  that    my  friend    Monkbams's   very 


PltBPACK. 


aneUent  proposal  of  introducing  his  important 
Essay  on  CaHtramctation  into  an  appendix, 
has  al»o  «iigE^tcd  to  tnc  the  idea  tiiat  an  Essay 
on  Dniidism  would  give  great  value  to  the 
present  work.  1  bad  commenced  a  jxrics  of 
notes  explanatoiy  of  the  rites  and  history  of 
Oruidism ;  but  upon  more  mature  reflection, 
I  determined  to  collect  all  the  information 
which  1  had  to  communicate  on  that  subject ; 
embracing  a  considerable  quantity  which  had 
been  amassed  by  my  son,  into  one  e^say; 
wbieh  I  hare  now  appended  to  the  narratiTe ; 
aad  in  whidi,  1  Hatter  myBcIf,  the  curious 
reader  will  6nd  the  apparent  incongruities  of 
the  rites  and  tenets  of  this  mystical  religion 
satisfactorily  explained  and  accounted  for, 
and  the  whole  digested  into  one  consistent 
s\'stem. 


INTRODUCTION. 


GENTLE    READER ! 

If  thou  art  given  to  the  study  of  thy  coun- 
try's antiquities,  and  hast  felt  thy  heart  glow- 
within  thee  as  thou  hast  read  of 

Spenser'a  fairy  themes 
And  tbo*e  that  Milton  loved  in  etirly  yean. 

thou  wilt  not  despise  this  attempt  to  clothe  in 
modem  language,  a  very  ancient  tale. 

If  the  study  of  antiquity  hath  taken  deep 
hold  on  thy  mind,  thou  wilt  have  acquired 
that  habit  of  cautious  discrimination  for  which 
antiquaries  are  so  proverbial !  In  such  case 
thou  wilt  not  care  to  perplex  thyself  by  judging 
of  the  authenticity  of  any  work  by  its  internal 
evidence,  hut  will  rather  list  to  what  it's  au- 


PRKPACB. 


excellent  proposal  of  introducing  his  important 
Es»]r  on  CoHtrametation  into  an  appendix, 
lias  nliw  sui^stcd  to  me  the  idea  that  an  Gsiay 
on  Druidism  ti-ould  give  g^vat  value  to  tlie 
present  work.  I  bad  commenced  a  series  of 
notes  explanatory  of  the  rites  and  history  of 
Druidisro ;  but  upon  more  mature  reflection, 
I  determined  to  collect  all  the  information 
which  I  bad  to  communicate  on  that  subject ; 
embracing  a  considerable  quantity  which  had 
been  amassed  by  my  son,  into  one  essay ; 
wbicli  I  hftx-e  now  appended  to  the  narmlive; 
and  in  which,  I  flatter  myself,  the  curious 
reader  will  find  the  apparent  incongruities  uf 
the  rites  and  tenets  of  this  mystical  religion 
satisfactorily  explained  and  accounted  for, 
and  the  whole  digested  into  one  connstent 
sTstem. 


INTRODUCTION. 


GENTLE    READER  ! 

If  thou  art  given  to  the  study  of  thy  coun- 
try's antiquities,  and  hast  felt  thy  heart  glow 
within  thee  as  thou  hast  read  of 

Speaser''s  frtiry  tbemev 
Aadthote  thM  MilLoa  loved  in  esrly  jctrs, 

thou  wilt  not  despise  this  attempt  to  clothe  in 
modem  language,  a  very  ancient  tale. 

If  the  study  of  antiquity  hath  taken  deep 
hold  on  thy  mind,  thou  wilt  have  acquired 
that  habit  of  cautious  discrimination  for  which 
antiquaries  are  so  proverbial !  In  such  case 
thou  wilt  not  care  to  perplex  thyself  by  judging 
of  the  authenticity  of  any  work  by  its  internal 
evidence,  hut  will  rather  list  to  what  it's  au- 


X  PBBFACE. 

excellent  proposal  of  introducing  his  important 
Essay  on  Castr&metation  into  an  appendix, 
has  also  suggested  to  me  tbe  idee  that  an  Essay 
on  Droidism  would  give  great  value  to  the 
present  work.  I  bad  commenced  a  series  of 
notes  explanatory  of  the  rites  and  history  of 
Druidism ;  but  upon  more  mature  reflection, 
I  determined  to  collect  all  the  information 
which  I  had  to  communicate  on  that  subject ; 
embracing  a  considerable  quantity  which  had 
been  amassed  by  my  son,  into  one  essay; 
which  I  have  now  appended  to  the  narrative ; 
and  in  which,  I  flatter  myself,  the  curious 
reader  will  6nd  the  apparent  incongruities"  of 
the  rites  and  tenets  of  this  mystical  religion 
satisfactorily  explained  and  accounted  for, 
and  the  whole  digested  into  one  consistent 
svstem. 


INTRODUCTION. 


GENTLE    READER  ! 

If  thou  art  giren  to  the  study  of  thy  coun- 
try's antiquities,  aod  hast  felt  thy  heart  glow 
within  thee  as  thou  hast  read  of 

SpcDKT'i  fniry  Ibemes 
And  tboM  Ibit  Milton  lOTed  in  early  yean. 

thou  wilt  not  despise  this  attempt  to  clothe  in 
tnodem  language,  a  very  ancient  tale. 

If  the  study  of  antiquity  hath  taken  deep 
hold  on  thy  mind,  thou  wilt  have  acquired 
that  habit  of  cautious  discrimination  for  which 
antiquaries  are  so  proverbial !  In  such  case 
thou  wilt  not  care  to  perplex  thyself  by  jud^ng 
of  the  authenticity  of  any  work  by  its  internal 
evidence,  but  will  rather  list  to  what  it's  au- 


XII  INTBODUCTIOX. 

thor  shall  say  concerning  it.  It  is  in  vain, 
therefore,  to  ask  thee  to  peruse  the  following 
tale,  until  I  have  satisfied  thee  of  its  genuine 
antiquity;  which  task  I  will  now  address  my- 
self unto,  not  doubting  but  that  I  sliall  per- 
form the  same  in  such  manner,  that  he  who 
shall  have  any  misgivings  concerning  it  must 
be  a  sceptic  outright :  a  man  who  would  even 
question  the  authenticity  of  the  veritable  Geof- 
frey of  Monmouth,  or  the  veracity  of  the  truth- 
seeking  Sammes ! 

It  is  an  unco-weary  thing  to  tow  against  the 
stream  of  time  for  eighteen  centuries  in  quest 
of  a  pedigree ;  but  it  were  happy  for  the  au- 
thor, could  he  make  as  good  a  title  to  some  of 
the  unclaimed  dividends  in  the  hank  of  England, 
as  the  prototype  of  this  little  book  can  make  to 
a  place  in  the  Archives  of  the  first  century. 

The  materials  of  the  following  tale  are  ga- 
thered from  a  MS.  written  in  the  Armoric 
tongue,  apparently  about  1 700  years  ago.  Now, 
as  in  proving  the  descent  of  an  ancient  family, 
it  is  not  necessary  to  begin  with  Adam  and 
''Eve ;  and  it  hath  been  even  held  by  some 
modems,  that  it  is  not  essential  to  prove  your 
kith  and  kin  with  Noah; — (contrary,  however, 
to  the  established  practice  of  antiquity  in  that 


IKTRODCCTION'. 


XUl 


respect,  whici)  bath  always  dragged  forth  her 
heroes  (torn  among  the  unclean  hcnats  of  Uie 
Ajk;) — so  now  I  shall  pass  over  tho  earlier 
history  of  this  work,  and  coroo  at  once  to  that 
ecni  in  which  all  good  families  do  spring  to 
light,  videlicet — the  dark  ajfet.  Here,  happily, 
I  oaii  refer  to  one  of  far  greater  wit  than  my- 
self, who  hath  well  described  how  tnarvclloualy 
this  valuable  MS.  was  discovered,  after  it  Itad 
lun  hid  for  many  centuries.  Turn,  gentle 
reader,  to  thy  Grafton,  and  open  his  clironi- 
des  at  the  fourth  part,  and  there  Uiou  wilt 
find  it  thus  written : 


"About  XXX  yercs  hence  it  happened  in 
Wiltshire  at  Ivye  Church  about  2  royles  from 
Saliaburic,  as  men  digged  to  make  a  foundation, 
lliey  found  an  hulow  stone  covercn!  with  another 
atone,  wherein  they  founde  a  Ilooke,  having 
in  it  little  aboue  XX  leaves  (as  they  sayde) 
of  Tcry  thick  Velume,  wherein  was  sometliing 
written.  But  when  it  was  sliewed  to  y*  Pricstes 
and  Chanons  which  were  there,  they  coalde 
not  reade  it.  Wherefore,  after  they  had  tossed 
it  from  one  to  another  (by  tlic  mcanes  where- 
of it  was  tome)  Uiey  did  neglect  and  cast  it 
aside.     Long  after,  a  piece  tliereof  happened  to 


lir 


I.VTnODl'OTION. 


come  to  my  hands  :  whicli  notwitlistnndtug  it 
vas  sU  to  rent  and  d«fnoed,  I  shewed  to  Ma; 
ter  Kyoharde  Pace,  then  chiefe  secretary  to 
King  Henry  the  viij ;  whereof  he  exceedingly,' 
rejoyced.  But  because  it  wus  partly  rent,  aiic 
partlye  defaced  and  hlurred  with  wet  tlial  had 
fallen  out,  he  could  not  tinde  any  one  sen- 
tence peril te.  Notwithstanding,  after  long 
beholding  he  shewed  me,  it  seemed  that  the 
sayde  booke  conteyned  some  ancient  tnonu- 
ments  of  this  Isle." 


It  were  long  to  tell  thee,  gentle  reader,  the 
Tarious  bands  through  which  thia  treasure 
pMscd  until  it  happily  reached  mine :  suffice  to 
say,  it  now  rests  with  one  wbo  is  willing  to 
share  with  thcc  the  benefit  thereof.  And  if 
Maystcr  Richard  Pftco  did  '  exceedingly  ro- 
joyoe'  though  he  could  not  findc  'any  one  sen- 
tence pcrfite  ■'  what  transports  should  be  thine, 
who  has  it  presented  to  thee  translated,  en- 
larged, enriched  and  improved,  in  a  manner 
passing  thy  conception  ! 

I  had,  indeed,  purposed  to  have  presented 
thee  with  a  mere  transcript,  or  &c<sirailo  there- 
of;  but,  recollecting  bow  tho  original  had  been 
tossed    about  from  one  to  another,  hy  the 


IKTRODUOnON. 


Vf 


**  Priostes  and  Gtanona,*'  I  thought  per- 
chanec  it  might  fare  no  better  witli  the  copjr; 
whcretore,  with  infinite  labour,  I  hnvc  tranft> 
lat<d  it :  nor  onlir  so,  for  th«n  thou  couldst 
no  more  have  understood  it,  than  the  monks 
could  read  it ;  hot  I  have,  to  the  best  of  my 
poor  ability,  sapplii^j  numerous  dcficiendea  in 
the  original,  which  extended  not  only  to  words 
Rnd  sentences,  but  even  to  chapters  and  booksl 
Nor  let  my  travail  herein  be  despl<>ed ;  for  if  a 
learned  prelate  of  our  church  halh  been  com- 
mended for  restoring  the  text  of  Kitchylus,  and 
for  the  happy  admixture  of  invention  and  erudi- 
tion which  he  hath  displayed ;  and  if  Brolicr  hath 
gained  immortal  fame  for  adding  two  or  three 
cliaptprs  to  Tacitus,  tlic  aubslnnre  of  which 
he  lintii  gleaned  from  contcmpomry  hiatoriima; 
I  would  fain  know  why  I  should  be  denied 
my  littte  meed  of  praise,  who  have  wrought  up 
twenty  pages  into  thrice  as  ninny  chapters, 
with  no  other  MS.,  no  other  oonteniporancous 
authors  to  assist  me?  Nor  have  1  stopped 
even  here;  hut  iteeing  many  things  slurred 
over  which  1  thought  deser\-ing  of  more  notice, 
and  many  tilings  obKurcly  alluded  to  which  I 
thought  unintelligihlo  inthout  the  fullest  coin* 
iiient,  I  have  ventured  to  recast  the  whole ;  so 


XTI 


INTaODUCTION. 


th&t  it  may  be  truly  said  of  the  originfil  MS., 
as  it  might  of  the  main  ar^mcnt  of  Warbor- 
ton'a  Divine  Legation  of  Moses — that  it  \a 
completely  absorbed  in  the  illustrations  :  and  1 
would  only  add,  that  if  the  MS.  have  not 
suffered  more  than  the  learned  bis)iop*s  argu- 
mcDt,  by  being  a  little  lost  liglit  of,— I  am 
content. 

And  now,  gentle  render,  how  cuii  1  propi- 
tiate thcc,  or  what  shall  1  sny  in  extenuation  of 
the  numerous  defects  of  this  performance ; 
whereof  I  could  make  a  long  catalogue,  were  it 
not  better  to  leave  it  to  thine  own  ingenuity  to 
discover  them  ?  I  will  even  address  thee  in 
the  language  of  the  honest  Humphrey  Lhayd> 
wherewith  I  will  take  my  leave. — 

"And  touching  this  rude  and  disord'red 
little  work :  truly  I  woulde  not  have  sufF'red  it 
to  have  come  to  li^ht,  had  I  not  well  hoped 
tliat  all  learned  men,  would  accept  this  my  en> 
devour  in  good  parte.  •••  And  if  they  shall! 
thinkc  any  thing  herein  spoken  over  sharply, 
or  not  wcU  advisedly,  I  submit  myself  to 
y  ju<lgmcnt  of  those  that  be  better  learned ; 
and  if  I  bo  admonishod  of  my  faults,  I  promise 
to  amend  tliem  when  occasion  shall  be 
given. 


INTBODDGTION.  XT 


"  Only  for  recompense,  gentle  reader,  let  me 
have  thy  good  woorde,  end  lawfiiU  faToar; 
and  I  ask  no  more.  Farewell  hartly,  and 
enjoy  it."  • 


■The  Breriiry  of  Brltajnc,  by  Hanfrrf  LhDjd,  Biif- 
lUbcd  by  TboDiii  Tvynr,  Gcot^  1673,  bl.  let.— N.B.  Tbe 
Uit  pangnpb  U  from  the  TraDiUtor'i  prefaea.— Ed. 


BOOK     THE    FIRST. 


ScBEAMt  round  lit'  Arch  DruM'i  brow  the  tttratw — wbite 

As  Menai's  foam  ;  and  toward  Ihc  m7>tic  ring 

Wbere  Au^n  itaod,  tfae  future  qDCitioniag, 

Slowlj  the  cormoraol  urns  her  buTy  fligbl, 

Porlroding  ruin  to  cacli  baleful  rite. 

That,  in  tbe  lapse  of  ago,  hath  crept  o'er 

Diluriao  tnillu,  and  patriarchal  lore. 

WORPSWOHTH. 


VOL.   I. 


STONEHENGE; 


OB, 


THE   ROMANS   IN   BRITAIN. 


CHAPTER  I. 

A  woodrous  pyle  of  niff  cd  mouatayoea  aundci, 
Flaceil  on  ecbc  other  Id  ■  drmrc  smie, 
It  ne  coald  be  ibe  irorke  of  bumaa  handei. 
It  nc  »u  reartd  up  bie  menoe  of  clue- 
Here  did  the  Bratoni  idontioD  pHfe 
To  the  (liie  god  vhom  the;  did  TaurNn  name, 
Dighlynge*  bys  alurre  wjtb  greet?  fibres  in  Msie, 
Routynge  theyr  »ycluBlle  TDund  sliout  the  flame 
Twai  liere  that  Hengyat  did  the  Brytuna  alee. 
As  they  were  inetle  in  council  for  lo  bee. 

THAlTeilTOV's    BATTLE  OF   HASTINGS. 

The  period  at  which  the  following  tale  com- 
mences, wants  some  twenty  years  of  eighteen 
centuries  ago.  The  mtiih  of  Britain  was,  at 
this  time,  in  a  state  of  impatient  subjection  to 
the  Romans ;  a  formidable  rebellion  headed  l)y 
the  brave  Boadicea,  by  which  the  island  had 
■  Dreiaing. 

a  2 


4  bton&henoe;  or, 

been  almost  wrested  from  her  conquerors, 
having  been  recently  crushed  by  the  intrepidity 
of  the  Roman  general  Suetonius  Paulinus. 

The  native  spirit  of  liberty  was,  however,  ra- 
ther checked  than  extinguished  by  this  dire 
blow,  and  began  to  revive  under  the  en- 
couragement which  it  received  from  the  dis- 
sensions existing  between  the  general  and  the 
procurator  of  the  province.  These  dissensions 
at  last  prevailed  to  such  a  degree,  that  Nero 
dispatched  his  freedman,  Polycletus,  to  take 
cognizance  of  tiie  matter;  expecting  that  the 
pomp  and  ostentatious  equipi^e  of  this  court 
favourite  would  not  only  overawe  the  Roman 
disputants,  but  also  strike  terror  into  the  in- 
domitable islanders.  In  this  expectation,  the 
emperor  was  disappointed,  for  the  measure 
produced  a  precisely  contrary  effect.  The  free- 
bom  Britons  cared  not  to  conceal  their  con- 
tempt for  the  manumitted  slave;  and  the  terror 
which  the  victorious  arms  of  Suetonius  had 
inspired,  was  much  diminished,  when  they 
beheld  him  submit  to  the  haughty  dictation  of 
Polycletus,*  Nor  were  the  manners  of  Sue- 
tonius calculated  to  conciliate,  or  sooth  the 
wounded  feelings  of  the  half-conquered  in- 
•  Taeill  AddbIcb,  lib.  xiv.  i.  39. 


TBB   BOHANS    IN   BBiTAJN.  5 

hubitanbi;  for  his  severity  equalled  his  oounge, 
and  he  unjustly  wreaked  U[)on  them  liiti  revenge 
for  the  iiidignitieH  to  vhich  his  proud  »i>iril  WM 
subjected  by  his  own  countrymen." 

Such  were  the  mutual  feelings  of  the  victors 
and  Uic  vanquiahcd,  when  it  liapjiened  Ui»t  a 
ptirty  uf  Romim  soldiers,  consisting  principally 
of  s  nmull  detiichnient  from  tl)C  Vlh  legion 
were  sent  to  explore  the  country  between  CUu- 
wntum,  a  Roman  &tatio»  in  the  vicinity  of 
Southampton,  and  the  new,  but  flourishing 
colony  of  Batli.  t 

In  their  pro<;rcss  throogb  the  neighbourhood 
of  old  Sxrum,  then  called  Sorbiudunum,  the 
Itomans  vrerc  attacked  by  a  pait>'  of  Britons ; 
and  after  a  desperate  resistance,  in  which  they 
lost  tjieir  leader,  the  veteran  Valens,  being 
overwliclmed  by  tlie  superior  numbers  of  their 


;  RM^wd  of  CirenMilcr  (lib.  ti.  e.  I.  i.  IS.)  *UW*  ilut 
Ba(b  and  OlanMiicr  iKr«  occnpiei  bj  Ibe  RnmaDi,  A.D. 
47.  The  EtMi*"  were  pmbabljr  atirMtod  co  (be  TonMr 
place  bf  he  feniMi*  bol  eprince,  vbich  Ibejr  nllei]  tfce 
wition  or  the  lus,  end  eflrr  whirh  xh*j  naiaed  tbe  ciij' 
Ai|ua  Salle.  I  need  haiMy  add  Hut  Baih  bad  ciiitod  long 
prerionilf  a*  a  llnluh  city;  for  fr*  lieditiou  ate  uion 
geoermll]'  knuwn  ibau  ibai  rclallng  ta  ihe  Mttortrf  at  ilie 
uicdicinkl  virluBt  Of  ita  wtien,  and  ita  ooeawiueDt  fouada- 
tba  by  Bladiid. 


« 


HTONF.FtE.VOe;   OR, 


assailanU,  were  obliged  to  consult  tlicir  safety 
by  flight. 

In  this  brave  little  bsncl  was  a  young  soldier 
of  the  name  of  Pudens,  who  had  accompanied 
the  Roman  general  in  the  capacity  of  n-hnt  we 
should  now  style  an  ud-dc-camp.  Pndens  had 
been  a  fellow  atudcnt  with  jVgricola,  whom  tJio 
pen  of  Tacitus  has  immortaliiied ;  and,  like 
him,  having  completed  his  studies  at  the  Greek 
university  at  Marseilles,  was  now  improving 
his  military  knowledge  in  Britain.  Already  an 
adept  in  the  seience  of  fortification,  he  had  as- 
»sted  the  centurion  Valens  to  surve)*  the  coun- 
try, preparatory  to  laying  down  the  military 
road  which  in  after  days  connected  Batli  with 
the  Fosse  road  extending  from  Dortetshire  to 
Lincolnshire. 

l*udens  fought  gallantly  by  the  side  of  the 
centurion,  notwithstanding  the  hopelcsiiness  of 
tlie  contest ;  and  »o  entirely  absorbed  had  he 
been  by  the  excitement  of  the  combat,  that  be 
was  for  some  moments  unaware  that  his  com- 
panions had  deserted  him,  and  that  ho  was 
almost  surrounded  by  the  enemy.  With  some 
difficulty,  and  not  without  a  Mvcre  wound  in 
Ins  shoulder  from  a  brazcn-hoaded  javelin,  ho 
extricated   himself   from    his   assailant-s,   and 


I 


THB    ROMANB    IN    BRITAIN.  4 

xpurriitg  his  iionc,  soon  distODoed  bis  pus 
suen. 

Haring  escaped  from  im[nl^diaU;  dangi-r,  he 
slnckened  his  speed,  and  directed  his  course  to- 
wards an  open  spncc  to  avoid  ttic  woods  and 
thickets  in  wbieli  the  Britons  were  accustomed 
to  lie  in  nmbush  fur  their  foes.  Ilaving  dis- 
mounted, snd  tetlicred  his  horse  to  a  hawthoni, 
he  Mitod  himself  on  tlie  gross,  and  began  to 
ruminkte  on  his  dreary  situation  —  wearied, 
wounded,  and  alone,  a  hewilderod  watulcrcr,  in 
an  enemy's  country.  'I1ii>  sun  was  setting,  und 
a  dense,  autumnal  mUt,  resembling  a  sn  of 
vapour,  CUTered  tlie  almost  boundless  plain 
wliioh  surrounded  hin;,  and  threnlcne<]  soon  to 
envelope  him,  in  what  nppc&rcd  tu  the  young 
Roman  accustomed  to  the  glowing  atmosphere 
of  Italy,  a  mantle  of  icy  darkness.  In  a  fit  of 
(kjeotion,  he  wrapped  his  military  cloak  around 
him,  Mtd  redintng  on  the  cold  heath,  endea- 
voured, but  in  vnn,  to  compose  himself  to 
slumber. 

Happily  he  hod  not  long  remained  in  this 
obeeriesa  state,  I>efore  he  remembered  that  he 
had  slung  round  hia  horve's  shoulders  a  skhi 
filled  with  rich  Falemtan  wine,  which  his  officer 
had  provided  for  tlieir  joint  accommodation. 


8 


STONEHEN'Ofi;   OR, 


Never  waa  gift  of  Bacdius  more  opportune. 
H&\^ng  poured  out  a  somcwliit  scant  libation 
to  the  joUy  god,  he  quaffed  a  copious  draught, 
niid  seemed  alo^oxt  insUntnncouslf  inspired  by 
it»  effects.  He  who  but  a  moment  before  had 
hardly  dared  to  breathe  aloud  lest  be  sliould  be 
diuovered  by  hia  enemies,  now,  witli  a  ligli 
heart,  and  cheerful  voice,  hoping  to  be  recog-'' 
nized  by  bis  friends,  carolled  forth  from  hia 
favourite  Horace:— 
Quit  poetvina  ^rartni  niilitUiii  sut  i>aii|Htripin  cnpiitl 

Wba  datci  with  gXui  well  QH'd  irilh  wiof. 
At  irnnti  or  toil)  o(  vrti,  rrpinr  I 

Having  listened  in  rain  to  catch  the  sound 
of  any  voice  in  reply,  he  was  about  to  betake 
himaelf  once  more  to  his  turfy  couch,  when  he 
saw  at  a  distance  a  flickering  hght,  which  hia 
sanguine  imagination  represented  to  be  a  signt 
kindled  by  some  of  his  coropaiiions,  at  a  ral* 
lying  point  for  their  dispersed  hrctlircn.  He 
immediately  arose,  remounted,  and  rode  to- 
wards tltis  clieering  inark.  The  night,  owing 
to  the  mist,  had  become  quite  dark,  and  with 
the  exception  of  a  few  stars  orerhead,  which 
shot  in  meteors  across  the  heavens,  the  fitful 
light  of  this  beacon  was  his  only  guide.  No- 
thing is  more  deceptive  than  a  distant  fire; 


THB    ROMAXa    IN    BHITAIX. 


9 


and  thougli  Uiiit  seemed  at  jntcrrals  to  i]lit> 
mine  the  whole  hemisphere,  it  wns  not  until 
after  man^  a  weary  circuit,  and  many  a  far 
digression,  Utat  he  tsme  within  itx  victnitjr. 

Here  a  sight  preiieDted  itself,  to  which  th« 
adminibly  descriptive  pen  of  his  countryman, 
ViT^l,cciul(]  hardly  do  justice;  and  which  cer- 
tainly  resembled  a  vision  of  tlie  unitcen  world, 
rather ttian  aught  human.  In  Uie  midst  ofa 
huge  circle^  formed  by  a  stupendous  colonnade 
of  massive,  unhewn  pillars,  I*udens  beheld  a 
terrific  lire,  who&c  dames  lighted  up  the  whole 
scene  with  a  lurid  !»ut  unoeitiun  glare.  Around 
this  fire  stood  a  number  of  tall,  motionless, 
forms,  of  a  superhuman  height,  and  behind 
them  apjHNired  severnl  sitadowy,  cavcm-hke 
ardies.  In  the  midst  was  n  human  figure,  clad 
in  a  vestment  of  daxdint;  whiteness,  pointing 
towitrds  heaven  an  uplifted  wand.  He  seemed 
some  mighty  oiagicitm,  wboso  potent  spcU  had 
drawn  forth  from  their  rock-built  caves  the 
giant  forma  wliicli  stood  around,  and  before 
whom  mortals  crouching  nt  their  feet  arcmed 
but  aa  pigmies.  Behind,  and  risible  throuirh 
these  rude  archn'ays,  appeared  a  number  of  in- 
dividuals, in  long,  light  rob«s,  bearing  some- 
thing glittering  in  their  hands.    Otlicr  circles 

B  3 


10  -      btonbhenob;  or, 

of  living  beings  and  motionless  forms  surround- 
ed these,  and  the  whole  seemed  enclosed  by 
the  gigantic  boundary  which  we  have  described. 
At  a  distance  from  this  enchanted  ring,  and 
apparently  separated  by  some  invisible  barrier, 
was  a  large  concourse  of  people,  apparently 
congregated  as  spectators.  Amid  this  dark 
group  flaming  torches  waved  about  in  all  direc- 
tions, as  though  the  meteors  overhead  were 
reflected  in  Bome  dark  lake  below. 

When  Pudens  had  recovered  from  the  almost 
overpowering  amazement  excited  by  this  awful 
spectacle,  be  secured  his  horse  in  a  neighbour- 
ing thicket,  and  advanced  cautiously  on  foot 
till  he  reached  a  mound  in  the  vicinity,  from 
whence,  by  lying  on  his  breast  with  his  head 
just  peering  over,  he  was  able  to  view,  unper- 
ceived,  the  whole  scene. 

He  now  discovered  it  to  be  a  Druidical  as- 
sembly, who  were  holding  their  equinoctial 
meeting  at  Stonehenge.  In  the  person  of  the  ma- 
gician, he  beheld  the  Arch  Druid ;  in  the  mighty 
and  mysterious  forms  standing  around,  he  dis- 
cerned tall  masses  of  stonA ;  and  in  the  huge 
arches  he  saw  the  rude,  rocky  portals  which  fill 
travellers  with  astonishment  even  at  the  present 
day.      The   whole   scene,  indeed,   deserves   a 


TUB    ROMANS   IN    BRITAIN. 


II 


more  minute  dcscri])tion  ;  fur  lUliiougli  the  un- 
oerUiii  light  aiid  viiryini;  thiuluwii  imparted  to 
it  a  vague  subliititty,  yet  tlie  sjiectaclc  vraa  in 
itaelf  so  soU'uiii  and  im|>using,  tliat  it  needed 
noUiiug  of  the  unreal  or  indefinite  to  add  to 
its  gniidvur. 

In  the  mid  space  included  within  the  ootos- 
aul  colonnade  vas  a  Urge  oval  recess,  formed 
by  tall  upright  stones,  Imving  in  its  centre  a 
vast  U])hewn  altar,  and  n  blazing  fire.  Before 
this  altar  stood  tlie  Arcli  Druid,  in  his  magni- 
6cent  puntilicaJ  robes ;  hu  right  iiand  grasping 
a  golden  sceptre.  Ilia  long  silver  side  locks 
blended  willi  his  heard;  and  tlic  boldness  of  his 
forcliciul  waH  hidden  by  on  oaken  garland  sur- 
mounted by  a  tiara  of  gold.  A.  cariously 
wrought  breast-plate  of  the  same  precious  metal 
was  half  concealed  by  a  long  mantle  of  snowy 
whiteness,  which  was  fastened  by  being  drawn 
through  a  goUl  ring  oil  his  right  shoulder, 
and  almost  hid  a  pur  of  atngularly  earrcd  pen- 
tagonal wooden  sandals."  He  was  attended  by 
several  other  Druids,  also  arrayed  in  white 
robes,   but  without  bre«Jl^pUtcs,  whose  ton- 

■  TUi  dnwriptioB  of  tho  Drulilkal  tMt«uia  ttaa  to.  *e- 
rord  wiik  •  pliW  Jo  Mon(f«uc«i)'s  Andiutin,  mil  dot*  ocit 
iMtMi>1l)r  Ma  fram  ihklnr  Uorlaw,  aUt  hai  ena  advmiii 
lo  the  ptaugOMl  tmM».—UU.  tfOmwM, 


■^^^ 


u 


KTONEIIKNGE  ;    On, 


8ur«d  heads  were  unndorned,  but  whose  llo^ving 
long  Ijeards,  nevertheless,  gave  them  a  very 
atnking  appearance. 

At  the  otlier  end  of  the  altar  stood  the  chief 
of  UieOvntes,  orsacriBcialorderofthe  Druids,* 
in  a  robe  of  hght  green.  With  one  hand  he 
held  the  horns  ufa  milk  white  heifer,  which  his 
attcndnnts,  nimilirly  cUd,  tuid  just  led  to  the 
altiir,  and  witli  tlie  other  brandished  aloft  a  sa- 
criticiaL  knife.  A  circle  of  Dniids,  and  another 
of  Urates,  separated  from  eacli  otl)or  by  a 
Ktrong  burrier,  inclosed  this  group. 

The  Arch  Druid  seemed,  by  the  movement 
of  his  hand,  to  be  addressing  this  dazzling  at-j 
sembly,  atid  at  every  })ause  a  stream  of  musHVi 
mellowed  by  tlic  night  wind,  and  clioru-ssed  by 
tlie shout  of  thu  multitude,  thrilled  through  the 
cars  of  Pudvns.  Tliis  music,  he  perceived,  came 
from  a  part  of  the  sacred  cnclusure,  behind  the 
masaive  arches  which  sheltered  thcOvatcs.  Here 
stood  the  bards  in  sweeping  robes  of  sky-blue, 


*  Tbc  Webb  Btrd*  ibiu  charaetciiitf  tbc  OraJiUoal  orders 
tn  rrforfnct  to  Ihrir  cottume.  Thvy  dncrlbc  ibc  Itudi  am 
iIm  "  wranr*  <i(  the  lon^  blue  rnbr*  •"  ih(-  Ovale*  ■■ 
■*  hating  >  pUce  in  ilic  uaeiphly  with  their  tobtt  oT  bright 
green  )"  'nil  Ibc  Druiili  m  the  "  iplencllil  riic«— weucfi  ■>( 
jnlil  chaiot — the  (iiiiuciitljr  wbiw.* — D»vltt'i  .Vyiluil.  <tflir 


THE  BOUAN*   IN   BRITAIM. 


15 


with  glittering  Imrps  in  their  hands,  from  which 
they  ever  and  anon  drew  the  most  rarUhing 
tCntna.  Anottier  rocky  b&irier  was  again  inter- 
poaed,  and  behind  it  were  ranged  the  di^iplcs 
of  tlie  Druidn,  in  \-^egated  dresses  of  rod,  Mae, 
and  green. 

The  ground  thus  occupied  appeared  dedi- 
cated to  Boeerdotal  purposes,  as  far  as  the  tabu- 
lar boundarj* ;  between  which,  and  the  mound 
and  trench  encircling  the  whole,  there  was  a 
vride  interval. 

In  this  interval,  besidaa  a  Logan,  and  other 
Dniidical  erections,  which  ire  shall  have  occa* 
non  to  notice  herearter,  there  was  a  hillock  or 
mount,  on  tlic  summit  of  whioh  sat  the  British 
chief,  surrounded  bjr  torch- hearers;  and  below 
him  several  of  the  principal  nobility. 

While  Pudens  was  feasting  his  ai(;ht  on  this 
sublime  spectacle,  which  he  had  great  diihculty 
ill  [terituading  himself  waa  not  the  imagery  of  a 
dream,  a  huge  wicker  car,  filled  with  combusti- 
bles and  the  carcsHes  of  slain  animals,  was 
dn^ged  towards  the  Arch  Druid  to  receive  his 
benediction.  The  bards  then  sung  a  short 
hymn,  and  the  whole  assembly  shouted  in  cho- 
rus. A  solemn  vilence  succeeded,  broken  only 
by  the  iiidisiinct  votoe  of  the  Arch  Druid,  in- 


14 


NTONRnKNOR  ;  OR, 


Toking  the  gods,  and  tite  creak  of  Uie  wheels  of 
tlie  wicker  car,  as  it  was  precipitated  into  the 
floines.  At  this  accession  uf  fuel  the  lire  hrokc 
funh  with  ten-fold  fury;  when,  unfortunately, 
our  hero's  steed,  tcrriliGd  at  the  midden  hlax«, 
uttered  n  kind  of  s)iricking  nti^h,  which  appt^ 
reiitty  thrilled  wiUi  constvniation  the  whole 
assembly.  '*Afue!  a  foe'."  was  shouted  by 
the  diflcrcDt  persons  in  tlie  crowil ;  and  a  hun- 
dred scouts  were  immediately  dispatched  in  the 
direction  of  the  sound. 

Pudens  saw  the  peril  of  his  situation  ;  and 
deeming  it  impossible  to  remain  undiiooTered, 
resolved,  desperate  ss  the  attempt  might  ap- 
pear, to  cut  his  ii'ay  Uirough  tlic  crowd  and 
seize  his  horse.  A  moment's  delay  must  bo 
&tal.  Tlirowing  aside  his  cloak,  therefore,  he 
rushed  amid  the  multitude,  and  rendered  al- 
most irresistible  by  a  si-nsc  of  his  danger, 
seemed,  at  lirst,  to  annihilate  all  opposition. 
Aa  he  strode  along,  and  his  tall  lictniet  and 
bright  anuour  reflected  the  fitful  beams  of  tJie 
vrithing  tlamcs,  the  multitude  fancied  at  first 
thtit  it  was  their  god  Taranis,  and  retreated  be- 
fore him.  Their  chief,  hon'ever,  who  knew 
too  well  the  Roman  armour,  ridiculed  their  su- 
perstitious fears,  and  rallied   tfaera    with  tiie 


TKB    ROUXNS    IN    BRITAIN.  15 

shout  of  "  A  Roman!  a  Roman  !"  Regardless 
of  the  throng  pursuing  him,  Pudens  still 
pushed  forward,  his  might  increasing  as  his 
situation  became  more  critical,  and  the  prize 
was  now  almost  within  his  reach,  when  he 
saw  his  horse— his  beloved  horse — his  only 
hope  of  succour,  laid  hold  of  by  some  of  his 
foes.  A  spirit  of  desperation  seized  him:  he 
leaped  forward  with  a  prodigious  bound,  and 
snatched  at  the  rein  ;  but  his  foot  slipped,  and 
he  fell  on  the  ground.  The  enemy  now  closed 
with  him ;  and  one,  more  daring  than  the  rest, 
who  happened  to  be  the  warrior  son  of  the 
chief,  planted  hia  knees  on  his  breast,  to  pre- 
vent his  rising.  He  made  one  more  efibrt,  and 
flung  his  antagonists  from  him  as  an  eagle 
will  dash  from  its  plumage  the  first  drops  of 
the  thunder-shower:  but  it  was  in  vain ;  others 
crowded  round  and  overpowered  him. 

With  difficulty  b^  was  rescued  from  the  sum- 
mary vengeance  of  the  multitude ;  more  particu- 
larly as,  in  his  heedless  fury,  he  had  wounded 
the  sacred  person  of  one  of  the  Ovates ;  but  a 
present  respite  was  granted  him  at  the  in- 
tercession of  this  priest,  who  had  in  view  a 
more  agreeable  mode  of  executing  his  ven- 
geance, namely — by  sacrificing  him  upon  the 
burning  pile  ! 


IH  aTOKEHENGE}    OR, 


CHAPTER  II. 

A  tnlerul  rite. 
Thai  in  tbe  lapu  of  agei  haih  crept  o'er 
DiluTUD  truthi  aail  patriarcbil  lore. 

WOKDSWOBTH. 

The  custom  of  sacrificing  human  vicUms 
was  always  a  disputed  point  among  the  Druids. 
Many  of  them  thought,  with  the  heroes  of 
Homer  and  Virgil,  that  their  foes  taken  in 
battle  were  an  oflfering  peculiarly  acceptable  to 
the  manes  of  the  fallen ;  others  believed  that 
the  bunmn  body  alone  presented  a  certain  au- 
gury ;  while  a  third  class  contended  for  the  old 
religion,  and  urged  that  many  of  the  present 
superstitions,  particularly  that  of  human  obla- 
tions, were  innovations,  the  observance  of 
which  had  brought  upon  them  the  anger  of  the 
Gods,  as  manifested  in  the  Roman  invasion. 

These  various  opinions  had  produced  a 
schism  among  the  Druids,  and  obliged  them  to 


THE   BOWANB    IN    BBITAIN. 


17 


«8tabUih  tlieir  rarious  sccto  in  different  cava- 
tries*  Tlio«c  who  sugurcd  from  human  vi<:tims 
IimL  esUtilixhvd  tliemMlves  in  Moiift;*  thoHC 
who  nucrificed  their  captives  of  wnr,  in  Cinul  ;t 
Mtd  thoae  who  eadoaToureci  to  maintiiin  tlie 
purity  of  tlic  uideiit  religion,  in  Briiitin. 
ThcM  peculiar  tetiels  were  nut,  indeed,  ex- 
dusivcly  maintained  in  the  places  which  we 
luivc  mentiuncd ;  but  such  were  the  general 
charactcrisdca  o(  these  diSeront  catabliah- 
raonts. 

The  present  Arch  Druid  was  of  the  class 
which  adhered  to  tlie  patriarchal  religion,  and 
might  be  constdered,  except  where  he  was 
obliged  lo  conform  to  more  jwpular  usages,  no 
unwortliy  representative  of  tlie  very  ancient 
order  of  British  Druids.  lie  was  not  only 
very  fur  superior  in  knowledge  to  llie  generality 
of  Uic  people,  which  was  common  tu  his 
order ;  hut  he  vas  likewise  oonaiderably  in  ad- 
vance of  his  brethren  ;  for  luving  spent  much 


■  AogltMi. 

I  Tti  cmr,  Ibat  6wil, 
Traft  too,  thai  Bribtn,  by  lb*  Oai^  nilUucM. 
B>*e  done  imtU  ilcciU  of  horn*  i  dc«di  IkM  *huok*d 
Hsuiapltjr,  ■«!  otlTJ  Train  *agty  bMifii 
Thrw  cunu  on  nut  country.— 'JVuiok'j  Cmmci* 
S*t,  bowrrer,  hi*  aoU  oa  tkl*  part,— Eu. 


18  BTOKEHENGB  ;   OB, 

of  the  early  part  of  his  life  in  the  neighbour- 
hood  of  the  Greek  colony,  at  Marseilles,  he  hacL 
acquired  some  knowledge  of  Grecian  Uterature ; 
and  his  mind  had,  in  more  mature  years,  been 
greatly  improved  by  travel,  and  converse  with 
philosophers. 

Such  was  the  functionary  before  whom  Pn- 
dens  was  broi^ht,  charged  with  being  a  spy  on 
the  proceedings  of  the  religious  assembly,  aad 
with  having  interrupted  their  solemnities,  and 
used  violence  towards  the  sacred  person  of  one 
of  their  priests. 

There  was  no  difference  of  opinion  as  to  the 
prisoner's  guilt ;  but  considerable  discussion 
arose  as  to  his  punishment,  in  consequence 
of  the  wounded  Ovate's  having  demanded  hta 
immediate  immolation. 

The  Arch  Druid,  opposed  in  principle  to  the 
sacrifice  of  human  victims,  and  moved  with 
compassion  at  the  youth  and  manly  bearing  of 
Pudens,  resolved,  if  possible,  to  avert  from  him 
this  horrible  fate.  Notwithstanding  that  his 
authority  was  nominally  absolute,  he  had,  how- 
ever, in  the  present  instance,  to  contend  with 
such  difficulties  and  prejudices,  as  soon  con- 
vinced him  that  his  eSbrts  to  preserve  the  pri- 
soner's life  would  be  useless. 


THE    KOHAN3    IN    BAITAIX.  19 

The  meeting  was  composed  of  delegates  from 
all  the  principal  establishments  of  the  Druids. 
Among  these  were  many  £rom  Anglesea,  and 
from  Gaul,  of  whom  the  greater  number  were 
opposed  to  the  Arch  Druid.  Of  his  own  more 
immediate  followers,  too,  the  majority  would 
rejoice  at  this  opportunity  of  vengeance  for  the 
recent  massacre  of  their  brethren  at  Anglesea, 
by  Paulinus  Suetonius;  and  the  multitude 
would,  it  is  easy  to  ima^ne,  hail  with  delight 
the  slaughter  of  a  Roman,  as  some  slight  com- 
pensation for  the  myriads  of  their  countrymen 
who  had  perished  in  the  insurrection  of  Boa- 
dicea.  The  favour  of  the  multitude  was  not  to 
be  despised  at  a  time  when  the  existence  of  the 
priesthood  was  menaced,  and  an  order  for  their 
extermination  had  gone  forth  from  the  Em- 
peror ;"  but  still  more  important  was  it,  at  such 
a  crisis,  for  tlie  hierarchy  to  preserve  unanimity 
amongst  themselves. 

The  Arch  Druid,  acting  as  president,  took 
but  little  part  in  the  debate ;  yet  he  did  not 
wholly  conceal  his  own  views  and  wishes, 
though,  unfortunately,  they  were  not  the  views 

*  A  decree  for  ihe  eitinctiOD  of  tiie  Druids  was  usued 
hj  Tibcrioa,  and  carried  into  parlial  necution  under  Clau- 
dius. 


20 


STONEHENOE  ;    OR, 


and  witthex  of  ttic  majority.  An  aged  bud, 
too,  spoke  eloquently  on  Uie  side  of  mercy, 
wliicb  tiv  called  the  mistletoe  of  the  suul  i  but 
the  wouiiited  Orate,  wliohsd  himself  witae»sed 
the  imtnoUttoii  of  tiome  of  hist  own  relatives  at 
Angleseit,  Njioke  more  vehemently,  nnd,  at  the 
same  time,  more  artfully,  on  that  of  vengeance. 
"  Ha\-e  not  the  llomnns,  themselves,"  sud 
the  Orate, "  set  us  tlie  exnmple  of  saeri&ang 
human  victims?  Inflated  l>y  temporary  suc- 
cess, they  are  pleased  to  call  us  barbarians ;  but 
did  they  not  imbrue  our  altars,  at  Atiglesea, 
with  the  blood  of  our  priests }  and  did  not  they 
offer  as  u  Micrifice  to  liivir  furies,  what  \re 
should  have  offered  to  our  <iodB  ?  Consider, 
too,"  he  pursued,  "  that  what  was  revenge  in 
them,  is  mercy  in  us.  They  know  not  but  that 
the  victims,  whom  they  east  alive  into  the 
flames,  perish  like  the  btrasts  whom  they,  in 
their  ignorance  and  cruelty,  resemble;  but  we 
know  that  their  spirits  shall  Bnimatc  other 
forms ;  and  if  virtuous  and  valorous  in  this  life, 
far  more  glorious  ones.  If,  therrforc,  the  free- 
dom whiel)  tlic  Gods  can  bestow,  be  better  than 
the  fctterN  which  man  caii  impose,  it  is  hu- 
manity towards  the  captive  to  release  him  from 
the  ills  of  mortality.     Nor  is  it  only  humanity 


THE    KOUANS    IN     BRITAIH. 


31 


to  Aim ;  it  is  justice  to  the  ghosts  of  the  slain 
ftt  Aiigtcscfl,  and  to  their  survivors ;  for  we  know 
that  ttic  lifo  of  man  can  only  be  redeemed  by 
life.  Nny,  further  still,  it  is  piety  to  tlic  im- 
mortal Godi,  to  whom  nothing  is  so  dear  as 
human  life,  and  notliing,  consequently,  so  grate- 
ful OS  oblation.  Let  nic,  therefore,  entreat 
you/'  he  coitdudcd,  "  not  to  heed  the  suppli- 

intions  of  a  Itomin,  an  cnomy,  and  a  spy ;  but 
to  do  that  which  is  most  liumane  to  the  pri- 
Koner,  most  just,  and  moat  polilir  to  ourselves, 
and  moat  acceptable  to  tlie  Gods." 

This  speech,  plausible  in  itself,  viu  rendered 
slill  more  effective  by  the  ilihpUy  of  llic  blood- 
«tAii»ed  vest;  and  being  on  ihe  popular  side, 
vtns  received  with  shouts  ofapprobaUon. 
Tlie  fatal  sentence  now  only  required  ratifica- 

'  tion  by  the  Arch  Oruict ;  which  ratification  he 
was  about  to  give,  although  with  extreme  re- 
luctance, when,  as  ProvidciMx  had  happily  oi^ 
dcrcdit,  he  was  interru|jted  by  the  inauspicious 
lowing  of  the  sacred  heifer. 

The  Arcl)  Druid  did  not  fail  to  take  advan- 
tage of  this  circumstance,  tu  represent  tliat  the 
Uods  were  opposed  to  this  cruel  sacrifice,  and 
tliat  it  ought  not,  therefore,  to  proceed.  Tlie 
discussion  was,  in  consequence,  again  renewed ; 


22  btonehbngb;  ob, 

and,  after  a  stormy  debate,  it  was  at  last  re- 
solved that  the  prisoner's  fate  should  avait  the 
ordeal  of  the  Logan,  or  Rocking  Stone. 

While  the  Druids  were  thus  engaged,  Pa- 
dens,  who  had  been  removed  to  a  distant  part 
of  the  enclosure,  had  time  to  collect  his  scat- 
tered thoughts }  but,  oh  !  what  pen  shall  des- 
cribe the  intensity  of  the  emotions  which 
successively  agitated  his  bosom  during  this  in- 
terval of  suspense !  It  was  some  moments 
before  he  could  open  his  eyes  on  the  scene 
around  him !  and  when  he  did  everything 
seemed  to  float  before  his  vision  with  horrible 
indistinctness.  The  fell  desire  of  revenge, 
which  had  at  first  stimulated  him  almost  to 
madness,  had  now  subsided,  and  less  violent 
but  more  harrowing  feelings  tortured  him, 
awakened  by  the  close  contemplation  of  death 
— ™lent — unrequited— death  !  All  the  visions 
of  youth — all  the  projects  of  ambition — all  the 
endearments  of  friendship— to  perish  in  a  mo- 
ment !  No  person  to  sympathise  in  his  suf- 
ferings— that  thought  was  cruel ;  no  fnend  to 
vnttiess  his  death — that  was  heart-rending ;  no 
friend  to  hear  of  his  death — that  was  over- 
powering. Had  there  been  one  whom  he  knew 
to  behold,  still  more  to  record,  the   fortitude 


THE    ROMANS   IN   BBITAIN.  23 

with  which  he  should  have  grappled  with  his 
final  foe,  he  would  have  died  contentedly,  nay, 
even  happily.  Yet,  strange  to  say,  ao  tena- 
ciously does  hope  cling  to  the  heart  of  youth, 
that  he  did  not  yet  utterly  despair  of  life  ;  nay, 
still  more  strange,  there  was  something  of  ad- 
venture, something  of  heroism,  in  his  present 
situation,  which,  at  momentary  intervals,  made 
it  somewhat  more  than  merely  tolerable ; — of 
such  strange  complexity  are  we  wrought ! 

In  one  of  these  flitting  paroxysms,  he  had 
the  courage  to  survey  the  altar,  and  even  the  fire 
which  was  to  immolate  him ;  but,  oh,  heavens  1 
how  shall  language  describe  the  shudder  which 
seized  him,  when  he  beheld  on  that  wicker  pile, 
as  yet  unconsumed,  the  body  of  a  Roman  sol- 
dier !  In  the  soldier's  fate  he  read  his  own. 
A  cold  sweat  crept  over  him  ;  his  heart  sicken- 
ed, his  knees  smote,  and  he  would  have  sunk 
on  the  earth,  had  it  not  been  that,  at  this  mo- 
ment, he  was  summoned  away  to  the  Arch 
Druid's  presence;  and  a  spirit  of  desperation — 
that  fixed  despiur  which  supports  a  fiend  under 
a  thunderbolt,  and  renders  him  immortal— not 
only  sustained  him,  but  imparted  an  energy 
which  seemed  to  render  him  superior  to  the 
shocks  of  fate. 


24  btonebenob;  ob, 


CHAPTER  III. 

Thither,  yontb. 
Turn  ^nr  Mtooiab'd  ejt* ;  behold  joa  huge 
Aod  ashevn  ipbcre  of  liriiig  adiiaiBat, 
Which  poil'd  by  nmgie,  rents  iu  ccDlrnl  weight 
On  ^nder  painted  rock  ;  firm  as  it  sceini. 
Such  is  its  striDge  and  virtuous  proiierty, 
It  moves  obaeqniouB  (o  the  gentlest  touch 
Of  him,  whose  breast  in  pure ;  but  to  ■  traiiori 
Though  e'en  ■  giant's  proweis  nerved  hia  arm. 
It  atandt  as  fixt  as  SnoKden. 

m*son's  CARACTiICUS. 

Thb  Logan,  or  rocking-stone  was  generally 
an  enormous  mass  of  granite,  poised  with  such 
nicety  upon  the  tapering  extremity  of  another 
stone,  that  it  might  he  put  into  motion  by  the 
hand,  or  sometimes  made  to  oscillate,  aa  Car- 
rington  describes  it,  "even  hy  the  puffing 
breeze."  Cromwell's  soldiers  found  one  of 
these  relics  of  olden  superstition  in  Derbyshire, 
the  superincumbent  stone  of  which  weighed 
from  eighty  to  one  hundred  tons ;  and  having, 
in  their  ignorant  zeal,  broken  it  into  pieces,  they 


TflK    ROHAN*   IN    BRITAIN. 


25 


DTcn-tl  tliat  the  Logan  was  made  moveable 

iy  &  pivot  morticed  into  one  stone,  wliicli  cor- 

|rc^>ondcd  with  a  socket  in  the  other.     It  was 

lH€(t  by  the  Dniida  as  a  t«8t  of  the  innocence 

[of  persons  sccuaed ;  and,  hke  tJie  Saxon  ordeals 

[which  succeeded    it,   was  very  subservient  to 

[the  views  of  those  who  superintended  its  um. 

[If  a  sense  of  crime  made  the  culprit  timid,  he 

[did  not  apply  sufficient  force  to  move  it,  and 

was,  tlierct'itrc,  not  unjustly  condemned ;  but  if 

I  he  were  obnoxious  to  tlie  priesthood,  the  force 

[of  a  giant  would  not  bare  aviulcd  bim  t  for  by 

tion  of  any  obstacle  between  tlie  pirut 

!  edge  of  the  socket,  the  mau  might  be 

'rendered  immoTable. 

H«iT  cii  the  ■ccoii'd  npoa  Ui  Dvn  tjiptal 

Ta  ri|kiooa>  God*  »k*a  oiu  bkl  ccu'd  to  l«c\. 

Of  >1  a  dou^ilni  jmiietfi  urrn  rniiiiinart. 

Hr/ur*  tlie  Stdhr  or  Power  wai  fatxri  tu  tUIld, 

To  ukr  b'n  teulenM  from  ilw  (uiUnrH  blork, 

A*  M  liw  Umtk  il  lotk'il  or  Mea'd  to  mok. 

nOHIUWUKTII. 


Such  was  tlie  precarious  ordeal  upon  wltidi 
I  tlie  fute  of  our  hero  was  suspended  1 

Pudvns  being  brought  before  the  primitive 
Judgment  scat,  the  Arch  Druid  wavctl  his 
JKcptre,  and  a  deep  sUence  inmiediately  per- 

voL.  1.  a 


—  41 


ic 


BTONBtlKNOB;  OR, 


vadcd  the  whole  assembly,  broken  only  by 
the  crackling  of  tlie  flumes,  nnd  the  fall  of 
the  niateriaU  as  they  were  detached  by  the 
fire.  As  IHidcns  expected  that  he  was  now  to 
receive  his  sentence  of  death,  his  only  thought  ■ 
was  how  to  demcAn  hinis«lf  as  became  a  Roman ; 
and  having,  therefore,  "scren'cd  his  courage 
to  the  stieking-|ilace,"  he  stood  Iwfore  tlie  Arch 
Draid  with  head  erect,  left  foot  advanced,  and  ■ 
riifht  hand  clenched  ;  his  knit  brow,  compressed 
lips,  and  fixed  and  glowing  eyes,  displaying 
the  condensation  of  desperation  and  defiance. 

The  Arcl)  Druid  asked  him  in  Greek,  "  Who, 
and  what  art  thou  ■ "' 

'*  A  Roman,"  answered  Pudens. 

The   Arch   Druid,   with  a  mild  voice,  coii-j 
tinuedj  "  What  would'st  thou  here,  profaning 
our  holy  mystories  ?" 

**  Holy  mysteries,  ye  Gods  !"  scornfully 
repeated  Pudcna  ;  pointing  to  liis  comrade's 
corpse,  which  at  tliat  moment  fell  uiicunsumcd 
from  the  flaming  pile. 

The  Drui<l  shuddered  as  his  eyes  beheld 
this  object;  and  foeling  siill  more  commisera- 
tion for  the  youth  and  magnunimity  of  the 
prisoner,  lie  thought  it  more  prudent  to  curtail 
a  dialogue  which  could  only  hare  the  effect  of 


THB   ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


27 


cxxspcrnting  his  companionti.    He,  therefore, 

^proceeded  thus :  **  Young  Komaii,  as  &  foe,  b 

[disturber  of  our  iiiy8t«ri«s,  luid  aii  assaulter  of 

^our  priests,  our  laws  condemn  thee  to  tiic  fate 

which  thoa  would'at  hare  assigned  us  ;  but  as 

.a  youth  and  a  stranger,  our  religion  conipas- 

eionstCLS  thee.    Tliou  hast,  therefore,  a  chanea 

(if  lire :  and  if  the  GmIb  reseat  not  thy  defiance 

more  than  wo  do,  may'st  yet  eacapc." 

llu  then  explained  the  nature  of  the  nrdeal, 
Bnd  added  in  a  mild,  affectionate  roicc,  Iiardljr 
ahove  a  uhisper,  in  order  that  Pudcna  alone 
might  bear,  "  Strike,  and  strike  boldly.** 

Pudens  n'as  now  led  in  procession  to  the 
IjOgan  stone,  which  rearcl  its  etiormous  bulk 
at  a  distant  part  of  tlte  enclosure  within  the 
mound,  hut  exterior  to  tbe  stone  barrier. 
Rrsl  in  order  marched  the  Arch  Druid,  bearing 
the  sacred  oaken  wand  lipped  with  silver, 
attended  by  two  jtiutlia  nitli  flaming  torches; 
and  immediau-ly  behind  him  tlic  Druids  in 
tlieir  long  white  rubes.  Then  came  I\idens, 
escorted  between  two  uf  tltc  Orates,  one  car- 
rying an  oak-Ieaf  garland,  the  token  of  victory  ) 
utiil  llic  otlicr — horrible  to  relate — the  t-ncrifi- 
eiol  knife  I  Several  of  the  youtlis,  some  iirmed 
with  brozeji'headed  jax-elins,  and   othera  car- 

0   8 


28 


STONEIIENOE  ;  OB, 


tying  torches,  tunoundcd  them  as  a  guard. 
l*hese  were  followed  by  the  rest  of  the  Ovatcs 
ill  tiieir  bright  green  vestures ;  and  the  proces- 
sion WHS  elose<t  by  the  bards  in  their  long  blue 
rohei,  walking  tn'o  by  two,  and  bearing  their 
glittering  harps  in  their  hantb. 

While  Pudenx  was  in  the  prc«noe  of  the 
Ardi  Druid,  the  proper  ofliccrs  had  gone  to 
prepare  tlie  dread  ordeal,  and,  nominally,  at 
leaat,  to  take  care  tliat  no  impediment  to  the 
free  motion  of  the  ponderous  ma&s  existed ;  in 
the  performance  of  which  duty  none  was  more 
officious  tlian  the  wounded  priest.  Tbeae  ar- 
raugemeiits  being  completed,  the  different  niem- 
(>crs  of  t3te  prucesMiun  ranged  tlieniselves  in 
circles  around  tlie  Logan,  which,  magnificc]  by 
the  lights  and  shades  of  a  hundred  torches, 
appeared  like  an  a\'nlanclic  poised  oa  r  moun- 
tain of  snow. 

Hie  Arch  Druid  then  commenoed  the  cere- 
mony by  the  following  invocatioa : — 

Bjr  th*  lltcml  counc  uf  Ilio  tun't  firry  tnr  | 
By  tbr  ■uo(iii>  cb*riot  truck  u  ibc  wtadcti  aftr  i 
By  tl)c  niiKic*!  polrnry  of  neb  Mbt  ; 
Accept  tlili  waaJ  '. 

Presenting  the  mystic  staff  to  Pudens  he  re- 
sumed-- 


I 

4 


Tire    KOUANS    IN    URITAIK.  29 

B^  dte  Biming  Zodisr't  twplTpraU  girU>| 
Kj  tlic  )il«acu  cUTal  vilh  aaUi«'*  biflh  | 
Who  in  inulkat  uiuej  eoclrclc  the  cafthi 
II»r(ii  nim-  lliy  handt* 

The  liarda  now  sung  in  chorus  to  their  harps  a 
brief  but  very  loclodiuus  strain,  the  burden  of 
which  was — 

Voo  rock  M  tli^  toncb,  if  ueiitllisd  ikjr  moI, 
To  and  fro'  m  ila  (rdtoiKnt  pillow  abkll  mil  [ 
\i  old  DCMn,  dUturbed  in  liis  f  irviDuiu  bed, 
Hf  ilkc  bivMb  at  Ibe  wind,  »b«ket  kia  blUov-vreathM 
bead. 

Wliile  this  impressire  ceremony  was  pro- 
ceeding, the  Logan  roelced  riolcntly,  and  even 
terrifically ;  being  secretly  put  in  morion  by  some 
uf  the  attendant  prieata ;  which  afforded  Pudcns 
some  encouragement,  as  it  convinced  him  that 
it  was  not  immoveable,  tt  had  nuw,  however, 
recovered  its  equilibrium ;  ttie  music  vras  hushed, 
and  the  signal  given  by  the  wounded  Ovate. 

Pudcns  summoned  up  all  hU  resolution,  and 
poising  the  silver  tipped  staff  for  a  moment  in 
his  hand,  with  a  mixture  of  confidence  and  de- 
fiance, Iturted  it  with  all  his  might  at  the  stone. 

■  m*  adjiinfion  la  alncMI  Iilrr»tl7  tramUkJ  frooi  aa 
■oclral  Dnidical  oalb,  preBtr*«d  bj-  Scldeo  in  bia  PraloR. 
4a  tUt  SyriiN  tni  by  ym  ntniclcd  from  V«ttia«  Valen* 
Antietbfsu*,  I.  7. 


30 


KTUNKItENnK;    OR, 


1'be  wand  wca  shiTered  into  splinters,  nnd  the 
Logsn  rang  with  the  ▼iolciicc  of  the  concussion : 
but  it  remnincd  fixed  ss  &  rock  ! 

A  inomentnry  paiuc  cnnued,  during  which 
ever)-  breath  was  suspended  with  anxiety,  and 
which  was  at  last  T>rol(cn  bjr  a  groan  of  the 
^rcli  Dniid'.^,  who  knew  too  well  that  fraud 
had  been  practised,  but  dared  not  expose  it. 

Wliat  were  tlie  feelings  of  Pudcns  during 
tilts  moment  ?  Did  he  rave  with  desperation  ? 
No. — Did  he  tremble  with  terror  ?  No. — lie 
felt  neither  desperation  nor  terror,  lie  apake 
not — he  moved  not— be  felt  not.  His  too 
xangutne  disposition  had  construed  the  kind 
advice  of  tbe  Are!)  Druid  into  a  proaiise  of 
success ;  and  disappointment,  coming  wiUi  the 
suddenness  and  ^'iolence  of  a  thunderbolt,  had 
stunned  him.  Tliere  he  stood,  with  hix  right 
arm  ad^-anced>  as  though  the  lance  hud  hardly 
left  it,  and  his  right  foot  raised  behind  hioi ; 
bercfk  of  all  thought  and  notion :  bko  the 
statue  of  Apollo  when  tbe  fatal  quoit  had 
brought  his  favourite  Hyacinthus  to  the  ground. 
The  lica^-en. rending  shout  of  tbe  multitude 
seemed  to  recall  his  life,  but  not  his  senses ; 
and  he  was  carried  off"  unresisting,  and  almost 
unconscious. 


TIIB    ROMANS   IS   BRITAIN. 


ai 


Tlie  ucrcd  torclHis,  which  bod  b«cn  Iwmc  in 
procession,  were  now  laid  on  tlic  Altar,  and  the 
tire  reltindled.  Tlie  priests  resumed  their 
]ilw»»,  aiid  tlie  bards  Uieir  harps.  In  the 
meuitiine  tlief  proceeded  to  divot  Pudens  of 
hut  helinetajid  brcMl-pInte,  nnd  to  bare  the 
u|>per  part  of  bta  body;  uid  while  Momc  of  the 
Plainens  were  thus  employed,  uthorii  pn-pared 
Uie  leathern  tliongs  to  hind  his  liinba,  and  the 
chief  of  the  Ovatcs  placed  a  chaplct  of  mistletoe 
on  his  bruvrs. 

On  tearing  asttlv  his  tunic,  some  object  met 
the  view  of  the  oAidating  priest,  wliich  seemed 
to  excite  his  astonishment;  and  the  Augur- 
having  had  bis  attention  directed  to  it,  no 
sooner  beheld  it  than  he  let  fall  his  divining 
rod,  aiid  tore  his  h^.  The  Arch  Uruid  was 
now  sent  for;  and  he  having  gazed  au  instant, 
uttered  a  wild  sound,  something  between  a 
shriek  and  a  groan,  and  fell  powerless  to  the 
ground! 

The  cauM  of  tliis  estraordinaiy  emotion  in», 
that  on  Pudens's  breast  appeared  the  ligure  of 
a  crown,  Bunnountcd  witli  an  oak  leaf,  and 
having  a  cipher  below  ;  dU  rudely  traced  in  mi- 
nute punctures  of  the  skin,  which  had  been 
afterwards  stained  with  woad.{A} 


32 


aroNEHENCE;  or, 


The  mark  of  n  crown  was  freqttcntljr  jai- 
pressed  by  tti«  KingH  of  Bnlaiu  upon  tlteir  tons ; 
and  if  they  were  of  llie  druiiUcitI  order,  the  oak- 
leaf  was  superadded  ;  forniitig  together  one  of 
the  iDost  honourable  insignia  of  royal  birih< 
In  the  present  instance,  it  not  only  conveyed 
this  mysterious  infurmAtion  to  the  Augur  i  but 
it  eonrinced  the  Arch  Druid,  at  a  glance,  that 
the  victim  about  to  be  immolated  was  none 
other  than  his  own  son  I 

Tlie  Ardi  Druid  had  formerly  been  King  of 
the  Hcedui,  or  people  of  Somersetshire ;  but  his 
territories  had  been  ravished  from  him  by  tbe 
lielgie,  who,  in  their  inTasion,  had  carried  off 
his  infant  son.  The  chief  of  the  Belgians, 
lutving  uftcrwiirds  been  summoned  away  hastily 
to  Gaul,  where  ihc  far  larger  portion  of  his 
domiitiotiK  lay,  bud  taken  loudens  witli  him  ; 
and  bis  countrymen  having  tiicaiiwliile  rixcn  in 
insurrectioii  against  the  Koniana,  and  Iwen 
obliged  to  deliver  up  hostages  of  tbe  cliief  of  the 
tmtion,  he  had  dispatched  him  to  Rome  in  the 
place  of  his  own  son.  As  all  this  had  happened 
nearly  twenty  years  ago,  this  long  intcn'al  bad 
elapsed  since  tlic  unhappy  father  had  received 
any  intelligence  uf  his  lost  child. 

But  we  must  recall  our  attention  from  tlie 


I 

I 

i 

4 


TUB    H0UAX8   IN    DBITAIK. 


:ts 


Fpast  adventures  of  the  father  and  son  to  their 
Lpresent  situittion.     The  father  had  just  fttrength 
!  enough  to  whisper,  almost  inaudibly,  but  in  an 
'  *gany  of  en)ot4on,  "  Save  him  I — save  him  I''  a 
i  behest  which,  however,  involved  a  task  not  so 
'  easy  of  accomplishment  as  it  might  at  first  ap- 
pear; for   the  fire  waa  burning  fearfully,  the 
pie  were  wfiilLDg  impatiently,  and  tiw  sacri- 
Sm  could  not  be  deferred   without  assigning 
some  reason,  while,  as  yet>  no  reason  could  be 
dc^HMd.      A  council  of  the  Druids  was,  tliere- 
fore,  immediately   called  to  advise    upon  the 
emergency ;  and  all  was  mystery  and  confusion^ 
discord  and  irresolution. 

Happily,  the  Augur  thottght  of  an  expedient 
which  seemed  to  meet  all  the  difficulties  of  their 
present  cmharraBsmcnt,  The  body  of  the  Ro- 
man which  I'udens  bad  seen,  and  which  had 
thrilled  him  witli  such  horror,  liaving,  na  abovo 
stated,  fidlen  from  t)ie  car  unconsuined ;  it  waa 
proiwscd  to  substitute  this  in  the  place  of  their 
intended  victim.  Aa  the  people  were  at  a  dis- 
tance, and  as  ttic  fitful  glare  of  the  flaoiea  was 
frequently  intercepted  by  different  persona  pass- 
ing to  and  fro  in  the  escrcisc  of  tlieir  fuitctions, 
there  was  sufficient  obscurity  to  favour  th« 
fraud,  and  to  render  it  undiiooverahle. 

c  3 


M 


sroMSBBNoe;  or. 


It  migtit  here  l)e  proper  to  obserre,  that  this 
curpsc  was  the  hody  of  the  Roman  Centurion^ 
Vglens,  who  had  been  slain  in  tlie  morning  ren- 
contre, and  which  had  been  dragged  hither  at 
the  comniaTid  of  some  of  the  Orates,  to  sub- 
serve the  purpoaes  of  nugTtry> 

Pudens  had,  by  this  time,  Ijeoome  sensible  of 
the  reality  of  his  horrible  situation,  atitl  bad 
JQSt  begun  tu  look  wildly  around  him,  in  hope- 
leM  angui.sli ;  wiien  he  felt  the  leathern  thongs 
which  confined  him  loosened,  and  a  wliit«  gar- 
ment thrown  around  liim.  A  voice  at  the  same 
lime  whis})ercd,  "  If  thou  art  sili-nt  thou  art 
3taJ*e ;  follow  mc  :"  and  ho  was  led  by  the  hand, 
hastily,  tmd  almost  unconsciously,  to  a  little 
distance,  where  he  was  told  to  remain  concealciJ. 

From  this  hiding-place  he  hod  lui  indistinct 
view  of  what  wtut  passing  around  him  ;  and  he 
used  afterwards  to  desrrilie  his  feehugsaa  being 
of  the  most  extraordinary  nature.  The  adven- 
tures of  the  evening  had  been  of  such  an  a[>> 
palling  character,  and  had  succeeded  each  other 
with  such  an  overwhelming  rapidity — they  had 
beeit  so  fraught  with  horrors,  and,  at  the  same 
time,  BO  unhkc  anything  real,  that  he  had  ever 
experienced  or  heard  of— that  he  felt  bowilderod. 
1 1  e  was,  indeed,  w  unable  to  connect  his  present 


TAB   ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


35 


emotions  with  any  foriner  mental  BssociitUoDS, 
Uiat  his  mind-pressed  on  the  very  verge  of  in> 
awiity.  At  first  he  thought  lie  was  oppressed 
by  some  '  Phantasms,  or  sonic  hideous  drcnm;' 
uul  be  aAerwards  bvgan  almost  to  doubt  bis 
own  identity,  and  even  to  imagine  tltat  be  bad 
suffered  the  Aite  which  had  tbn»icncd  him,  and 
that  biii  body  was  the  corpse  wlucb  be  »uw  saw 
ooiisuming,  while  his  spirit,  robed  in  white,  wax 
witliin  the  conlines  of  Taitarus,  awaiting  the 
judgment  uf  lUiadamanthux !  Tlic  lire,  tlie 
music,  the  ahndowy  costumct  the  place,  tbo 
time,  all — all  contributed  to  add  to  tho  delu- 
iiion. 

Such  were  the  mysterious  feelings  which  ac- 
companied bin  rcturnuig  conscioiune^.  Such 
were  the  spectral  illusions  which  flitted  across 
the  chambers  of  imagery,  ere  yet  Keoaoti,  with 
her  wand,  Like  the  spear  of  ithurid,  had  made 
reality  reveal  berscll'  without  dUgiiisc  \ 

By  tlie  time  the  mystic  cercmgny  was  con- 
cluded, the  Arch  Druid  was  recovereil,  and  bad 
given  orders  that  Pudens  should  be  conducted 
to  bis  abode;  wlio  wns  accordingly  taken  to 
the  residence  of  bis  new,  but  unknown  reUUrc. 

The  Arch  Druid  did  not  reveal  his  relation- 
ship that  evening,  for  he  compasuonatcd  the 


36  8T0NEHENGB  ;   OB, 

exhausted  state  of  Fudens ;  and,  indeed,  his 
own  strength  was  unequal  to  the  task ;  for  be- 
sides the  fatigue  consequent  on  hia  sacerdotal 
exertions,  his  heart  was  borsting  with  those 
parental  emotions,  which  could  only  find  relief 
in  solitude  and  tears.  He,  therefore,  shared 
with  Pudens  the  rerotuns  of  a  sacrificial  wbeaten 
cake,  and  a  cordial  distilled  from  the  sacred 
mistletoe,  with  honey  and  an  infusion  of  white 
poppies.  Having  discussed  this  light  meal 
almost  in  silence,  three  or  four  fieecy  skins 
were  piled  on  each  other,  at  a  little  distance 
from  the  fire,  as  a  couch  for  Pudens ;  and,  in  a 
few  moments,  his  marvellous  but  brief  adven- 
tures, his  past  trials  and  present  dangers,  were 
all  alike  forgotten. 


THR   BOHANS   IN    URITAIM. 


37 


CHAPTER  IV. 


Ket  rrtMvbo  •pncin, 
Qui,  Bcleni.  ndituiUi 

Nil  opu  lade  lulit ; 
Sfd  Uinrn.  ut  plftcltuiR, 
Klirpe  utoa  Dmldftn. 


avotuvt,  t*9W.  19, 


Not  Id  obUrlooi  (IIm(«  ■tiall  rriiiai> 
Tke  boljr  Wkrd«n  ot  Apollg'i  Cute  | 
He  hU  nligton*!  slorjr  bad  loniveii 
And  from  lil*  oOecUttic  wvalthderircd. 
Bui  from  Ihe  noble  met  of  [>riiid>  *prui|E, 
It  verc  DM  mert  hi*  name  ihould  be  niiaag. 


WtiBN  Pudens  awoke  on  the  tnorron-,  lie 
began  to  Borvey  tlie  ai>aTtment  in  which  lie  luul 
ilept;  and  wliich  ho  now  found  was  a  subter- 
raiiciiUH  one,  ap[)arently  (urmed  by  the  excava- 
tion of  surtio  hill  or  rock.  Tlie  only  avenue 
for  the  ttdtoiaKion  of  light  was  a  long  tube  in 
the  centre  of  tlie  aiMurtnicnt,  rcsembhnj;,  and 
indeol  among  other  uxe*,  subserving  the  pur- 
|>0K  of  a  ditmney ;  but  which  was  not  imme- 
diately over  the  fire-place.     On  looking  above, 


38 


STONKHENdB  ;   OB, 


he  observed  that  the  stars  were  visible ; 
but  the  sky  appcitrcd  unusuallr  Ugbt  around, 
Aiid  he  fancied  that  be  could  discern  tbo  dis- 
tant songs  of  birds.  To  a<ld  to  his  pin-ptcxitj-, 
the  huge  oaken  log  piled  on  tbc  &re  when  he 
came  in,  and  whieh  Uiea  seemed  fuel  for  the 
next  twenty-four  hours,  -wea  now  in  ashec; 
and  the  long  torches  of  fir  splintcra  saturated 
with  grease,  n^icli  served  as  hghts,  had  for 
tlie  most  part  moiddcrctl  away,  and  their  places 
been  supplied  by  others. 

fVfter  torturing  his  imagination  in  rain  to 
account  for  these  appeanuices,  he  fortunately 
recollected  that  he  bad  heard  of  tlie  !''gyptians 
being  able  to  sec  the  stars  at  mid-day,  notwith- 
standing an  almost  vertical  sun,  by  looking 
u])wards  from  the  bottom  of  a  deep  n-cll  |  fa«^ 
therefore,  attributed  to  the  long  tube*  Uie  aame 
property  of  making  the  slnrs  visible  by  day- 
light ;  which  was  indeed  the  cb&c,  for  day-lij^ht 
had  illumined  the  world  for  some  hours ;  liis 

*  llir  UM  of  llirui  lubcN  tot  ulranninknt  yarpotn  hu  l«il 

H«(  rrilFr*  to  lujipOH'  thai  ntilirnl   inilrumrnti  vcte    not 

nkiiowa  lo  lli«  Druidii   wbo  wlducc  In  mpport  of  Ifaeir 

ilalnii  itie  fotliming  pauigc  from  Dioiliini*  Sieultu  i^ 

''"  In  lliii  itlmid.  Ilie   luooii  uppttun  to  nenr  lli«  r«rlU,  llial 

ceruln  etninciitei  cf  «    (rrmtrial  rurm   are   pkiiilj'   itta 

OB  IL" 


I 
I 


TQK    KOUANS    IN     BRITAIN. 


39 


P 


slumben  having  cncroaclicd  very  much  upon 
the  morning. 

PudcnB,  having  allayed  iiis  curiosity  on  this 
jioiiit,  naturally  felt  a  desire  to  explore  the 
mysteries  of  his  singular  place  of  sojourn. 
Looking  out  at  the  vaulted  entrance  of  his 
Rjiartmcnt,  into  a  dark,  but  apparently  spacious 
cavern  beyond,  he  could  see  notliing  but  some 
high  and  bulky,  but  misshapen  columns,  which 
caught  and  reflected  back  Uie  feeble  ray  emitted 
by  his  lamp;  and  no  sound  reached  his  ears  but 
that  of  n  iwrpetual  dropping  of  wnter,  as  tliough 
from  u  considerable  height,  into  some  pool  or 
reservoir  bdow.  As  bin  curiosity,  tioive%'cr,  had 
mor«  scope  tlian  opportunity  of  indulgence  in 
the  exterior  of  bia  apartment,  ho  very  viscty 
turned  bis  attention  to  the  interior ;  seniible 
that  a  traveller  ex])oses  himself  to  the  charge  of 
great  ignorance,  who  dues  not  make  himself 
acquainted  with  Uio  peculiariticii  of  his  own 
country,  before  lie  oeeks  otliers. 

Upon  taking  a  survey  of  the  room  i»  which 
he  had  slept,  he  discovered  that  it  was  the 
Areh  Druid's  secret  laljoratory,  and  observed 
the  fullovriiig  articles  lying  about  in  different 
directions:— On  a  massive,  but  smooth  piece 
of  limestone,  projectiiig  from  a  recess  in  the 


•to 


BTONRIIENRi:  ;    OR, 


I 

I 


wnll,  was  tlie  golden  sickle  luted  to  cut  the 
Kocred  mixtlctoc  :  tlie  Arch  Drui<l'K  tiara, 
jtccjitrc,  and  breast- plate ;  and  a  rod  tipped 
with  silver,  similar  to  thut  which  he  had 
ithircred  in  piece),  in  attempting  to  pat  the 
Logan  in  motion.  Near  these,  was  a  gilded 
chair  ofstitte,overtlie  back  of  which  were  throvn 
the  pontificial  robes  and  brazen  girdle  ;  and  in 
which  were  lying  a  magnilicciit  torque  or  collar, 
nnd  on  armilla,  botJi  of  gold  wire  with  pe&rU 
inwreathcd.  All  these  articK-s  appeared  to 
be  eiUier  the  ornaments  of  tiic  ^Vrch  Druid's 
person,  or  tltc  insignia  of  his  office.  On  an 
oaken  tabic,  curiously  carved,  inlaid  with  a 
species  of  ivory  formi-d  from  the  tuska  and 
bones  uf  marine  animals,  were  strewed  in  con> 
fuaion,  as  tliough  recently  laid  aside,  a  number 
of  instrumvnta  and  t^crolls  used  in  study  or  divi- 
nation. Among  tJiesc,  Pudcns  particularly  no- 
ticed the  magical  cr)'stsl,(B)  tlic  necromantic 
scissars  and  shears,  several  little  bundles  of 
divining  rods  or  twigs  of  different  trees,  an  as- 
trological scroll,  in  which  were  de[Hcted  the 
constellations  of  the  Zodiac,  and,  what  sur- 
prized liim  more  tliBn  all  the  rest,  two  or  three 
Greek  manuscripts,  among  which  he  rccog-  ■ 
niscd  copies  of  tha  poems  of   Oiplteus   and 


TUB   BOUANS    IN    DRITAIM. 


41 


[Homer.  The  Arch  Druid  )iiul,  npiurently, 
[Itecn  writing;  for  there  were  two  or  three  slides, 
kS<iuarcJ  HO  us  to  present  flat  suHiices,  atiO  im- 
[preM<;cliritli  Runic  inscriptions,  Ipng  together; 
^tnd  near  tliem  the  styliUr  with  whicli  the  cha> 
Itacters  hml  l>e«ii  traced,  uid  the  Pcrytliynen, 
^or  elucidatoT,  which  was  a  kind  of  frame  in 
F  which  it  was  iiccess»ry  to  arrange  them,  in 
•  order  to  decipher  their  meaning.  Near  the 
'  fire  wore  two  or  three  br&xen  cauldron*,  and 
r  different  kinds  of  rexseU,  some  nuulc  of  clay, 
I  tnd  some  of  a  vitreous  kind  of  suhsttincc  re- 
liembUng  opaque  glass,  in  vbich  were  oint- 
I  mcnts  and  Hquids  of  varions  kinds. 

While  Pudcns  was  attentively  exploring 
^tlicse  arcana ;  the  latter  of  which  seemed  to 
[afford  him  some  hope  of  relief  for  the  pain  in 
I  his  woundi^  arm,  the  Arch  Druid  entered,  and 
kbcliind  him  two  or  three  attendants  bearing  pro- 
|Tiaiona.  lite  Arch  Druid  was  now  mora  simply 
IcUd  than  on  the  preceding  evening,  having  on 
plain  white  robe  witli  a  crescent  embroidered 
[on  it;  hut  Pudens  could  not  help  admiring  his 
[venerable  figure  and  countenance.  lie  waa 
very  toll,  and  hia  snowy  hair  and  long  silvery 
llieaid  gave  a  peculiar  placidity  to  his  features, 
maturally  of  a    meditative   cast.      It   was   as 


4» 


btonrhsnob;  or. 


though  the  stormit  of  life  had  ctaatd  to  kgitntc 
it;  merely  leaving  slight  furrows  here  and 
there  as  a  ntemortal  of  the  past  conflict. 

Their  lunch,  for  so  this  meal  must  be  called, 
breakfasts  at  that  time  being  nnknown,  con- 
sisted of  a  species  of  fromenty,  made  of  wheat 
and  eggs,  huiled  in  milk,  and  s^rcctcncd  with 
honr^ ;  which,  when  thejr  had  discussed,  the 
Ardi  Druid  gazed  earnestly'  upon  Pudeiis,  uid 
thus  Addressed  htm : 

"  M)-  son,  they  tell  me  thou  hast  n  wound ; 
nmyhap  it  pains  tliee  and  requires  dre&sing; 
I  nm  not  unskilled  in  chirurgcry,  and  may  pos- 
sibly administer  some  relief  to  thee.  Wilt 
thou  bare  thy  shoulder  ?" 

The  old  mnu's  manner  was  so  mild  and  so 
aJTcetioiintc,  that  a  more  distrustful  disposition 
thnii  that  of  Tudenx  would  have  felt  confidence 
and  almost  love.  In  him,  indeed,  a  feeling 
very  much  resembling  the  latter  prevailed,  for 
he  felt  an  instinctiTc  kind  of  attachment,  which 
appeare<l  t»  him  quite  unaccountable.  He 
accordingly  bared  his  shoulder,  and  in  su 
doing,  exposed  his  breast.  The  trembling  sage 
anxiously  explored  this  mysterious  mark.  Bod 
B  certain  quivering  about  the  lips,  and  an  occa- 
sional large  sealding  tear  hasdng  to  hide  itnlf 


I 


* 


THE    ROMAN'S    IN    BRITAIN.  43 

in  bis  venerable  beard,  betokened  hU  emotion. 
He  longed  to  Qy  into  the  arras  of  his  long  lost 
child ;  but  as  yet  bis  child  knew  not  that  it 
was  hia  aged  parent  who  stood  before  him. 
He  wished,  moreover,  previously  to  muke  a 
fev  inquiries  of  Pudens  as  to  his  former  life, 
as  some  shadowy  doubt  seemed  still  to  becloud 
his  conviction  ;  for  he  was  past  that  period 
when  hope  believes  all  things,  and  it  is  the 
character  of  old  age  to  be  incredulous  of 
good. 

Under  the  pretext  of  seeking  for  some  leni- 
tive, he  tremblingly  left  the  apartment  to 
compose  his  agitated  mind ;  and  so  violent 
were  his  emotions,  that  even  after  his  over- 
burdened heart  was  somewhat  relieved  by  a 
torrent  of  unrestrained  tears,  thrice  did  he 
assay  to  return  and  resume  his  task  hut  thrice 
iiis  strength  f»lecl  him.  At  last,  after  having 
with  difficulty  prepared  an  ointment  of  mis- 
tletoe, he  was  obliged  to  give  it  to  one  of  his 
'  disciples  to  administer,  white  he  lingered  a 
little  while  in  solitude  to  recover  bis  self-pos- 
session. 

When  the  wound  was  dressed  he  returned, 
and  taking  his  seat  opposite  Pudens,  thus  ad- 
dressed him :  . 


44  stonehengb;  ob 

"  I  obaerred  a  singular  mBrk  upon  thy  breast, 
young  Roman ;  dost  thou  khow  its  aig;ni&ca- 
Uon,  or  how  thou  didst  acquire  it  ?" 

Pudens  appeared  at  first  a  little  disconcerted ; 
for  that  mark  had  often  caused  him  annoyance, 
having,  in  his  boyhood,  excited  the  ridicule  of 
his  yoathfiil  companions ;  and  even  in  more 
mature  years,  the  troublesome  curiosity  of  some 
of  his  friends,  who  endeavoured  in  vain  to  in- 
terpret the  mystical  symbol.  Indeed,  the  fre- 
quent blushes  which  this  had  caused  him  in  Iiis 
youth,  had  acquired  him  the  Roman  name 
Pudens,  his  original  name  having  been  Bago- 
cassis.* 

"  I  know  not,  Father,"  replied  Pudens, 
"  either  how  I  acquired  it,  or  what  it  means. 
It  has  caused  various  speculations,  but  no  one 
has  been  able  to  solve  the  difficulty ;  perhaps 
your  erudition  in  the  occult  sciences  may  enable 
you  to  explain  it." 

"  Dost  thou  recollect,"  rejoined  the  Arch 
Druid,  "  when  thou  didst  first  receive  it  ?" 

"  I  do  not,"  answered  Pudens,  "  but  it  wu 
before  I  came  to  Rome." 

"  Then  thou  wast  not  born  at  Rome  ?" — 

•  "Tu  BHgocBSsii,  itirpe  druidirumlatua."— Wiwoii.pr^.  4, 
Ed. 


TRR    HOUANa    IN    BRITAIN. 


45 


flkcd  the  Arcli  Druid,  with  ill-concealed  emo- 
auii. 
'*  ^'Ky,"  replied  Pudetis,  "  Uicj>  telt  me  th«t 
bum  in  GkuI;  but  this  I  doubt,  fori 
^recollect  Koine  from  almost  my  infancy ;  and  I 
emetnber  being  sent  from  Rome  to  Gaul. 
launder  Uie  pretext  ijf  Iwing  restored  to  my  pa- 
rents; but  tlicsc  pretended  ]>arents  of  mine  sold 
nic  to  tJte  messenger,  and  he  reconvcycd  me  to 
I  Rome." 

FudcnB   paused,  and  the  Arch  Druid,  with 
I  increased  emotion,  pursued, 

"  Thy  narrative,   young   stranger,   intcreBta 
i  nie.     Thou  hadst  known  adventure,  then,  before 
yesternight.  Proceed  with   tlty  history,  I  pray 
I  tlMje." 

Pudens  continued  !  "  When  I  arrived  at 
Rome,  1  was  employed  in  the  theatre  and  drcui. 
On  one  occasion,  I  was  shifliDg  some  of  tlie 
itcencry  in  whicli »  young  lion  was  to  bo  ei- 
hihili^l,  when  the  animiil  broke  loose,  and  rushed 
towards  thiit  i>jirt  of  the  bendies  on  which  our 
Ueneral  Aulus  Flautiui  sat;  whereupon— I  le- 
veled at  him  ttie  piked  pole  which  I  had  in  my 
hand,  and  with  which  I  used  to  ftutten  the 
awning,  and  wounded  him.  He  immediately 
left  Autua  PUutius  and  turned  round  upon  me. 


46 


btoneiiknoe;  or. 


but,  thanks  to  the  Go(1r,  I  escaped,  and  be  wu 
secured.  Our  general,  tliinking  that  I  liad  res- 
cued hint,  bought  me,  and  in  the  course  of 
time — having  no  children  of  his  own,  adopted 
toe,  and  bestowed  upon  mc  his  own  ii:une 
Aulus.  So  tliat  you  see  I  was  made,  a  Roman 
if  I  was  not  born  one.  To  finish  my  brief  his- 
tory— Aulus  Plnutius  sent  me  to  ^fa^!(eiUe3  to 
be  educntc<),  and  nfterwardx  pliicrd  me  under 
tlic  Rumnii  GeneraJ,  SuetoniuA,  n-hom  I  nccunv- 
panit'd  hiUier." 

"  Then  thou  didst  not  know  tliy  parents )" 
anxiously  inquired  the  Arch  Druid. 
"  No,"  replied  Pudens. 
Ilie  old  man  could  control  himself  no  lon|^; 
but  U'ecping  aloud,  and  throwing  himself  into 
liis  son's  arms,  with  faltering  voice  he  indis- 
tinctly articulated : 

"  My  son— my  son!  Iwholdthy  father!" 
It  would  not  be  an  easy  task  to  dcwrribc  the 
niixcd  emotions  which  tttis  exclamation  excited 
in  Pudens.  Surprise,  tinctured  with  incredu- 
lity at  tlie  man'elIuuJ(nc.^s  of  the  event  itself; 
veneration  and  awe  for  the  person  and  dignity 
of  the  Arch  Druid,  mixed  with  a  feeling  some- 
what  re.temhhng  horror  at  his  mysterious  of- 
fice ;  a  disappointiiicnt  at  being  undeceived  in 


I 
I 


TUB    ROMANS    IN    DRITAIN. 


*7 


thinking  himself  nn  nll-povrcrful  Kuman,  and 
finding  himself  a  despised  Briton,  blended,  liow- 

itver,  with  a  alight  degree  of  satisfaction  in 
finding  himself  under  Buch  Iii'.h  protection  in  ii 
hostile  countrj- ;  nil  these  contrarious  feelings, 
Bnd  others  too  Kubtle  for  snalyHis,  were  at  last 
ovcrpawerce!  by  llie  effecting  tenderness  of  the 
Bgcd  parent,  and  the  instinctive  liliality  of  the 
new  cliiimed  child.  I<ongand  ardent  was  their 
embrace;  deep  and  bol^  were  the  old  man's 
raptures ;  and   nil   absorbing  was  the  interest 

■  with  which  they  proceeded  from  link  to  link  in 
the  chain  of  evidence  by  which  they  proved 
their  aflinity ! 

iThe   former  historj-  of  Puden«  lias  already 
been  narrated ;  pcrtinps  it  may  not  be  irrele- 
rant'to  our  dcsii^n  to  give  a  slight  sketch  of  that 
of  the  Arch  Dmid  in  this  place. 
The  Arch   Druid  was   a  younger  son  of  a 
former  Kin^  of  the  Hicdui.     Hitt  British  name 
■was  Rhuddtwm  Gawr,  by  which  he  is  immor- 
talized in  the  Welsh  Triads  as  being  one  of  the 
three  ffreat  ni'istrrt  of  myattritut*  acieaee  m  the 
Jtlanrf  of  Britain .'   His  elder  brother  succeeding 
*to  the  throne,  he  had  been  intended  for  the 
'  Druidical  order,  and   consequently  had  spent 
his  earlier  years  in  their  school. 


48 


STOXGHENQe;   OR, 


Uaving,  in  the  course  of  his  studies,  a 
tended  the  annual  uwiulily  of  tti«  Druids  in 
the  territones  of  the  Carnutes,  in  Qnul,  he  was 
induced  to  accompany  one  of  the  priests  to  the 
neighbourhood  of  Marseilles,  where  were  the 
reiics  of  the  famous  Uruidical  grove  so  sub- 
limely dc&cribed  by  Lucan,  (C)  and  the  greater 
part  of  which  had  been  dcHtroyed  in  tlie  wan 
between  Pompcy  and  Cntsar: — and  while  resi- 
dent here  it  happL'tied  that  mutual  curiosity  led 
to  a  laniibarity  between  some  of  the  more  \*en- 
luresomeof  the  students  of  tlic  College  at  Mar* 
gcilles,  and  some  of  the  mure  cuminuiiicatiTe 
inhabitants  of  this  small,  but  still  revered  grove; 
which  circumstance  produced  an  interchange  of 
pursuits,  and  directed  his  attention  to  Grecian 
literature.     With  such  a  wide  field  for  study  at 
wiLs  thus  open  to  him,  it  is  not  surprising  that 
he  should  have  been  tempted  to  prolong  his 
stay   for  two  or  three  years ;  at  tl>e  expiration 
of  which  ]>criod  he   returned  home,   and   his 
brother  ha^Hng  died  in  the  mean  time,  he  suc- 
ceeded to  tltc  government  of  the  Hicdui ;  whidi 
digtiity  he  continued  to  enjoy  when   IVdens 
was  born. 

Ithasheenlwfore  related  that  tlte  Arch  Druid 
lost  his  kingdom,  and  his  son,  in  an  invasion  i 


I 


TUB   ROUANt    IK    BRITAIN. 


49 


the  Delate :  aAer  this  calamiti^,  he  directed 
■  bis  conr»c  to  Gaul,  in  hopes  of  recovering  his 

i;  but  his  expedition  proved  bootless.  Rarly 
itnisoenm*,  however,  induced  him  to  »ettlo 
for  swhile  in  the  neij;hbourhood  of  Murseilles, 
where  he  leamt  from  vftrioun  Greeli  writera 
iiomc  of  the  mystenex  uf  tlic  ICgyjitinn  religion; 
and  his  imagination  being  struck  with  the 
similarity  which  prevailed  between  the  religious 
eereniunics  of  the  pricaU  of  Ihis  &]id  those  of 
the  UruidH,  his  curiosity  next  led  him  to  Eg}~pt, 
where  ho  cootrocted  a  friendship  with  tlie  son 
of  in  E^ptian  priest,  tliroogh  whose  aid  be 
was  able  to  obtain  in  formation  which  otherwise 
must  tiave  remnined  iiinccesMble. 

It  U  ratlter  a  singular  ctrcuinitance,  and  its 
nngularity  will,  perluips,  excuse  a  brief  digres- 
sion, that  tliis  identictd  priest  lutd  tlic  honour 
of  deiivribing  and  explaining  the  antiquities  of 
Egypt  to  Germanicus ;  and  Uiat  his  inter|)reta- 
tion  of  the  bieroglyphiti  ii>scription  at  Tlielies 
to  his  illustrious  visitor  is  prener^'ed  by  Tacitus, 
and  now  forms*  jKtrt  of  tlut  writer's  immortal 
history.* 

In  Eg)-]it,  the  .\rch  Dniid  was  admitted  to 
the  sacred  mysterks  of  Thotli,  and  learnt  some 

•Tlu.Aiia.lib.ii.cW. 
VOL.  1.  S 


50 


itTONBUENGK;   OR, 


furious  particulars  la  to  the  primitive  knovr- 
ledge  of  mankind,  and  the  origin  of  their  various 
systems  of  philosophy  and  religion,  which  threw 
great  light  on  the  early  history  of  Druidism ; 
and  from  this  grand  resen'oir  of  human  scienoe, 
he  also  drew  large  supplies  of  all  kinds  of 
physical  knowledge,  particularly  astronomy, 
mecIianicH,  and  medicine. 

On  his  return  U>  Britain,  he  happened  to  arrire 
at  the  sutes  of  the  Veneti,  a  tribe  of  the  Gaols, 
inhabiting  the  coasts  of  Britanny,  on  the  cvc  of 
one  of  their  singular  Druidical  festivals.  It  bad 
been  a  custom  with  this  people,  firom  the  most 
remote  ages  of  antiquity,  to  bold  an  annual 
Convocation  on  the  sea  shore,  in  which  they 
used  to  add  a  single  stone  to  their  national 
temple,  as  a  record  of  the  lapse  of  time.  Tbii 
was  done  amid  a  general  illumination,  and  at- 
tended with  certain  mysterious  ceremonies.* 

A  little  )>efore  the  occasion  to  which  we  refer, 
their  temple  had  suifercd  nmch  from  a  violent 
storm,  which  had  driven  tlie  waves  inland  with 
such  fiiry,  that  some  of  the  stones,  notvrith- 
atanding  their  gigantic  bulk,  had  been  removed 
from  their  proper  positions.    To  replace  thue 

*  S»  l\\e  KcT.  W.  L.  Buwirt'  (luxy  un  ilie  ■toacs  at  Cwkic 
Id  Nomundy,  if  pendcd  to  hM  Hcmn  BriUonicut. 


I 
I 

1 


TUB    nOHANS   l»    BBtTAIN. 


51 


stones  required  not  only  greftt  mecliAnicsl  skill, 
but  great  utronomical  knowledge;  as  it  was 
neeeMory  tliat  the  principal  diameter  of  tlw 
drcle  should  lie  in  the  dlrcctjon  of  the  poleSg 
&n<i  tJiat  their  general  configunitioa  and  num- 
ber should  conforni  to  certain  circles  and  cydc», 
of  which  we  hare  a  very  imperfect  knowledge 
at  the  preient  day. 

This  accident  wax  deemed  the  more  disas- 
trous, as  the  Druids  liiul  lat«-ly  held  their 
general  assemblies  here,  instead,  as  formerly, 
in  the  more  central  territory  of  the  Car* 
nutes :  aiid  iii  the  jircsent  instance,  they 
lind,  bcaides  their  ordinary  business,  tlie  im- 
IMjrtant  task  of  choosing  on  vVrch  Druid  ;  and 
it  lutd  been  designed  to  give  as  much  i^Iat  to 
the  ceremony  us  possible.  To  add  to  their 
embaimssmcnt,  such  n-aa  the  decay  of  astrono- 
mical science  among  them,  that  no  one  present, 
except  their  risitor,  was  able  to  instnict  them 
Iiow  to  dispose  the  stones:  his  speech,  however, 
on  this  occasion  displayed  tuch  ample  stores  of 
practical  wisdom,  as  not  only  gave  him  an 
infinite  tmperiority  over  hi*  colleagues,  but 
actunlly  acquired  for  him  the  high  dignity  of 
Atth  Druid! 

D  t 


53  8TONBHBNGE}  OB, 


CHAPTER  V. 


How 

Id  this  our  pinchiDg:  care,  ihtll  we  dbconne 
The  freeiini'  houri  airij  • 

In  Ihe  care  whereio  the^  bow,  their  thonghU  do  hit 
The  roofi  of  palace*. 

CTMSELIKI. 


The  Arch  Druid  could  not  help  nolidng 
that  when  Pudens  first  made  his  appearance 
on  the  morrow  after  the  discovery  of  hia  strange 
relationship,  he  looked  thoughtful  and  discom- 
posed. Accustomed  to  scrutinize  the  motdves 
of  human  action,  and  skilled  to  read  in  the 
countenance  the  indications  of  what  is  passing 
within,  he  was  not  at  a  loss  to  construe  his 
guest's  present  feelings,  and  thus  commenced 
the  conversation : 

"  My  son,  many  of  our  sages  have  boasted 
that  they  have  read  in  the  heavens  what  is 
transpiring  on  the  earth,  and  verily  they  have 
not  erred.     Doth  the  moon  heave  our  ocean, 


TRS    ROMANS   IN    BBtTAIK. 


59 


And  raise  the  sap  in  plants,  and  wilder  the 
lore-lOTn  moidcn'a  brain  ;  and  shjiU  not  the 
stars  influence  our  nctlicr  world  ?  Tea,  my 
son,  they  do ;  and  lie  is  wiau  who  may  read 
their  lore ;  but  it  is  a  mystery  few  attain  unto. 
Great  is  my  fame  among  my  people  for  this ; 
but  I  care  not  to  tell  thee  that  though  I  luvc 
uft  iratdied  the  bear,  and  tbougli  I  have  oft 
foretold  great  cttanges  on  earth,  and  e^-en  but 
tiro  montba  ago  read  one  in  the  heavens, 
which  is  not  yet  all  fuUUIcd ;  nevertheless,  my 
fame  hatli  arisen  rather  by  the  interpretation  of 
that  index  of  the  soul,  tlte  human  countenance, 
than  by  ought  I  gotlicrcd  from  tlie  face  of  the 
heavens.  Shall  I  tell  thee,  my  son,  what  hath 
caused  tlic  cloud  whicli  now  gatliers  over  thy 
brow  ?" 

"  1  was  not  aware,  father,"  replied  Pudcns, 
"  that  my  brow  was  clouded ;  but  pcrhajra  the 
wound  in  my  shoulder,  though  but  slight,  and 
much  assuaged  by  your  medicaments,  may 
have  somewhat  disturbed  my  rest  last  night, 
and  my  lace  may  not  altogether  have  concealed 
it  from  your  observing  eye." 

"  Nay,  my  son,"  said  tfac  old  man,  with  a 
lOalle,  '*  thy   countenance  doth  not  betoken 


54  stonehenge;  ob, 

pain,  but  grief;  not  so  much  unreat  as  anx- 
iety." 

"  Well,  father,"  sud  Pudens,  "  it  were  Tain, 
it  would  appear,  to  conceal  from  yoa  what  mj 
countenance  discovers ;  but  you  have  excited 
my  curiosity  to  know  the  interpretation  therdof. 
I  too  can  gaze  upon  the  scroll  of  the  heavens, 
but  I  cannot  interpret  the  glittering  chaiacteis 
inscribed  thereon ;  now,  therefore,  aread  me 
my  thoughts." 

"Well,"  said  the  Areh  Druid,  "ttiou  wart 
thinking  that  all  thy  hopes  have  been  dashed 
to  pieceu  at  a  blow ;  that  thou  art  no  longer  a 
Roman,  but  a  Briton ;  no  longer  a  conqueror, 
but  one  of  the  oppressed — " 

"  Father,  forgive  me,"  sud  Pudens,  intei^ 
rupting.  *'  Thou  hast  truly  read  my  thoughts, 
for  I  was  thinking  even  so." 

"  I  blame  thee  not,"  said  the  Arch  Druid: 
"  I  too  have  been  thinking  of  thy  condition, 
and  little  sleep,  I  ween,  have  my  co^tations 
allowed  me.  What  are  thy  future  prospects, 
my  son  f " 

"  Why,  father,"  replied  Pudens,  « I  know 
but  little  of  the  future.  I  seem  but  as  a  bubble 
tossed  about  on  the  ocean  of  life ;    if  I  am 


TIIK    ROMANi    IN    BRITAIN. 


S5 


I 


Taiscd  aloft  one  miiiDto,  I  am  dashed  Uic  lower 
tlie  next ;  but  whither  teading,  I  know  not.*' 

"  My  son,''  answered  the  old  man,  "  thy 
■imile  in  not  bad,  and  wc  will  pursue  it  When 
tliou  lutft  been  raiacd  aloft,  liaat  tliou  not 
ought  the  sanahine  of  tiopc ;  and  has  not  foncy 
aprewl  a  thuusand  gUttoing  colours  over  thy 
fate  ?•' 

Pudciis  smiled  a&sent,  and  the  Arch  Druid 
cundnuod, 

"  And  have  not  some  of  those  colours  been 
less  fleeting,  and  of  oftencr  recurrence  than 
others  ?  In  other  words,  hast  thou  not  en- 
deavoured to  shape  thy  course  in  some  parti- 
cular direction ;  or  hast  thou  left  tliysclf  to  he 
drifted  «l>out  by  fate,  listlessly  enjoying  the 
restless  heavings  of  the  billows,  but  witli  no 
cynosure  to  guide  thee — a  mere  bubble  as  thou 
sayeit  ?" 

"  Nay,  father,''  answered  Pudens,  *'  not 
altogether  so :  I  have  ever  kept  one  object  in 
view ;  but  Pate  seems  to  have  aroused  herself 
in  Uiwarting  my  efforts  to  reach  it." 

"  That  object,  my  son,  doubtless  is  glory,'' 
•aid  the  Arch  Druid,  interrupting  him,  "for 
that  is  the  dream  of  youth;  but  bow  didst 
titou  propow  to  attain  it  ?" 


sc 


ffrONEBESOB;   OB, 


I 


"  At  one  time,  fatlier,"  uisn'ercd  Pudeu, 
"  I  thought  to  attain  it  in  the  paths  of  philoso- 
phy; but,  like  Atalanta,  whom  our  fables  re- 
present to  have  lost  her  race  because  she  was 
ollurcd  from  her  course  by  golden  apples 
tlirowD  in  her  way,  I  found  the  fruits  of  philo- 
supliy  so  savour)',  that  I  cared  hut  little  to 
hurrj'  to  the  goal  of  new  systems  or  rurtfacr 
discover)-.  I  wax,  however,  aroused  from  my 
slumber  by  reUccling  what  others  hud  done, 
whose  names  are  wriltCD  iji  sunbeams,  Imght 
and  im])erishBble;  I  thought  of  Alexander, 
and  I  thought  of  Ciesar ;  and  then,  recurring  to 
my  own  insignificance,  I  despised  myself. 
Detcruiincd  to  follow  their  glorious  footsteps, 
1  rolled  up  my  philosopher's  scroll,  although 
I  could  not  wholly  lay  it  usidc,  and  girded  on  fl 
my  good  sword,  determined  to  engrave  my  i 
name  too  in  Fame's  bnizeii  tal>Iet.  Aulus 
Plautlus  knew  the  ardour  of  my  soul,  rimI 
encouraged  mc  by  his  conrcrsiition,  no  less 
than  by  his  glorious  example.  1  saw  in  his 
bright  fortunes  the  realization  of  my  on-n 
dazzling  visions,  and  almost  wearied  even  him 
with  drawing  forth  the  oft  repeated  recapi- 
tulation of  his  own  British  conquests,  for  my 
encouragement.     '  Britain,'  thought  I,  *  is  the 


I 


THE   ROUANS   IN    BRITAIN. 


57 


theatre  appointed  roe  by  the  Fates :  it  was 
here  that  Ciessr  plucked  the  freshest  leaf  of 
his  burelx.  O  Britain  !  Britain  !  how  didst 
tiiou  haunt  my  thoughts  I  I  trembled  at  every 
victory,  le»t  Okk  should  be  notliing  left  for  nie 
to  conquer!  And  now,  lather,''  said  he,  bis 
countenance  changing  as  ho  spoke,  "behold 
every  thins  reversed  !  Rome,  whose  glory  fills 
the  world,  whose  name  wcmed  to  expand  my 
aoal,  whose  cdttzcuahip  made  all  other  n&dona 
seem  my  slaves — Rooie  is  my  enemy  ;  her 
youths  would  ^be  me,  and  her  maidens  de- 
•pue  me,  if  tiiey  knew  I  were  a  Britain.  My 
sword  that  was  to  hew  out  a  path  to  fame — ah ! 
whitlter  now  shall  I  turn  it,  but  to  my  own 
boHom  f  Tfie  proud  Romans  are  my  friendit — 
tlie  bar1>arou«  Britons  are  my  brethren — " 

'file  Arch  Druid,  a  little  annoyed  at  tlie 
epithet  *  barbarous,*  added, 

"  And  the  fierce  Druids  are  thy  ancestors." 

Pudens  woa  hurt  at  this  observation,  and 
apologised : — 

"  Nay,  my  father,  pardon  mc,  that  in  the 
bitterness  of  my  soul  I  used  language  which  I 
have  been  taught  to  repeat.  My  present  situ- 
ation reminds  me  of  a  scene  of  my  childhood, 
which  will  expliun  my  feelings,  and    perhaps 

o  3 


STONRni-N-Ot:;    OR. 

excuso  my  tnnguagc.  I  remember  when  1 
entered  n  Romnn  theatre  for  tbe  first  time,  my 
puerile  curiosity  urged  me  to  creep  behind  the 
scenes,  that  I  might  obtain  a  noarcr  ricw  of 
the  beautiful  objects  there  depicted,  snd  which, 
uf  course,  I  tlioiight  rcah  After  considerable 
toil,  and  no  small  clanger,  I  accomplisbed  my 
purjKMc;  but  u-liat  wa»  my  disapi'wintment  to 
find  that  instead  of  the  brilliant  {Mcture,  seen 
by  the  parple  light,  tinged  by  the  skyey 
awning ;  I  had  left  the  gay  ttieatre  for  a  dusky 
apartment,  n-here  I  saw  notJiing  but  tbe  blank 
and  s(Hled  eanrass  I  Yes,  my  father,  stub  il 
my  case  now ;  I  am  shut  out  from  nil  that  is 
splendid  in  lite,  and  hcncvfortli  iiave  nothing 
to  gaze  on  but  tbe  soiled  canvas !" 

The  Arch  Druid  vraa  moved  by  this  repre- 
sentation, and  could  not  help  moraliting  upon 
it  for  a  moment. 

"Ah;  my  son,"  said  he,  "thou  hast  well 
painted  the  success  of  ambition ;  when  after  a 
weary,  half  worn  out  life,  we  arc  able  to  retltae 
tlie  brilliant  visions  of  youth,  wc  lind  that  all 
tbe  lightsome  colours  have  disappeared,  and 
we  gaze  but  on  soiled  canvas ;  but,  howerer, 
dcijMiir  becometb  not  a  young  gallant  like 
thyself.    1   can  draw  aside  the  curtain,  and 


4 
I 


THB    BOMANB    IX    BBITAIN. 

thou  mayeat  yet  reg^n  thy  place  in  the  wort<l's 
gay  tlieaUe.  Kscape,  my  sod,  forget  that  the 
blood  of  a  Bntish  Uniid  ilow3  in  thy  Tcinx, 
and  rejoin  thy  old  ooQiracles.  They  will  vri-l- 
Cbtne  theC)  and  Itomc  may  even  yet  ring  with 
thy  plaudits." 

"  Father,"  said  Pndens,  with  tears  atarting 
from  his  eyes,  "  you  are  not  serious  ?" 

'<  Indeed  I  am,"  replied  the  Arch  Druid. 
"  Conceal  tliy  adventures  from  thy  friends,  or 
so  much  of  them  as  thou  canst  spore  from 
the  adornment  of  a  talc  ;  pursue  thy  course 
u  erst  thou  hast  done ;  and,"  added  be, 
seeing  that  bis  language  distressed  Pudens, 
"  thou  mayest  have  au  opportunity  of  serving 
thy  father,  by  mitigating  tlie  severity  of  thy 
people—" 

"  Father,"  interrupted  Pudens,  "  call  not 
the  Romans  my  people,  for  I  swear,"  said  he, 
Ktrilung  the  tabic  passionately  with  his  band, 
"that  hcnct'fortb  my  people  shall  be  thy 
people,  thy  foes  shall  be  mp  foes." 

**  But  whom  dost  thou  deem  my  foes  i" 
said  the  old  man,  taking  his  son's  hand. 

"  Tlie  Romans,''  was  the  reply.  "  Have  they 
not  wantonly  invaded  your  land,  enslaved  your 
youths,  proscribed  your  order — " 

"  Nay,  my  son,"  said  the  Arch  Druid,  "  the 


STONEHSNGB  ;    OR, 


Uumans  arc  not  my  foes.  Tliey  have  indeed 
inraded  my  land;  yet  tlic  gotU  have  Imt  sent 
tlieiii  to  civilize  it :  as  for  our  youths,  tlioo 
thyself,  trained  by  them  in  arms  and  philoso- 
phy, shalt  speak  for  thcra;and  a»  for  our 
priesthood,  tlicy  be  but  rightly  punished  for 
liaviiig  cmbucd  their  hands  in  human  sacri- 
fice, and  corrupted  the  holy  mj-alcrics,  pre- 
•ervcd  by  thrice  great  Tholh  from  the  wreck  of 
tjie  world,  and  transmitted  from  generation  (o 
generation,  like  tlic  unqucnched  flame  of  tlie 
sacred  lire. 

"  Were  it  not  for  the  hope  of  still  keeping 
■live  the  holy  embers,  snd  of  purifying  the 
still  flickering  Haroe,  which  has  been  fed, 
and  almost  smothered  with  unhallowed  fuel,  I 
had  long  ago  renounced  my  oflioe,  and  retired 
to  eke  out  the  remainder  of  my  stay  in  this 
circle  of  existence  in  meditation.  As  it  is, 
since  the  gods  have  warned  me  by  scarce 
aTcrtitig  rue  from  the  immolation  of  my  son  ; 
and  have  so  far  companMonated  nie,  as  to  nUow 
tliat  son's  embrace  to  cliccr  my  gray  hairs,  1 
nill  cnilciivour  to  bring  the  ark  of  my  religion 
to  a  resting-place,  before  the  stfjrms  which  are 
even  now  gathering,  and  whose  huUow  murmur 
I  yet  discern,  break  forth  upon  it,  and  sweep  it 
from  tlic  face  of  the  eartli.  This  done,  I  will  quit 


I 


I 


TBB   ROUANB   IN    BRITAIN. 


61 


the  tlicatrc  for  youthful  pcrTorniers  like  th^rself. 
But  aiietit  this  matter,  vr«  will  converse  more 
anon ;  in  the  meantime,  let  u»  ratlicr  cunsider 
thy  affairs.  Thou  wilt  not  despise  thy  newly 
found  parent,  or  contemn  tiiy  country,  then  ?" 

"  Nay,  fiitlier,  I  repeat  to  thee,"  said  Pudens, 
"  that  since  Uie  ff^tU  have  given  me  a  parent, 
I  will  let  them  see  that,  though  they  have 
changed  all  things  around  me,  they  have  not 
diangcd  my  nature  ;  although  1  would  that 
they  had  annihilated  me  before  they  had  called 
ujion  nie  tu  choose  between  fighting  for  my 
birth-place,  and  fighting  for  the  land  of  my 
childhood;  bctn-cen  swearing  enmity  to  my 
ftther,  or  to  my  foster-father.  Oh,  my  father  ( 
— oil !  Aulua  Plautius  I  I  would  that  ye  could 
tear  my  heart  irom  my  bosom,  and  divide  it 
between  you !" 

"  Nny,"  said  faia  father,  riaing,  and  throw* 
ing  hi*  anas  around  his  son's  neck,  "  we  can 
share  tJiy  heart  without  its  bdng  plucked  from 
tliy  boaom.  1  trunt  tliat  the  gods  may  yet 
tong  spare  a  life  which  may  be  so  useful  to  thy 
parent." 

"  How,  lather,  can  my  life  be  useful  to  any 
person  f"  said  he,  bitterly. 

•'  Why  by  heeding  my  counsels,"  replied  tho 


62  btonehbnob;  or> 

old  man.  "  Thoa  art  not  reqaired  to  swear 
enmity  to  the  Romans,  or  to  thy  native 
country :  thou  hast  been  sent  by  the  gods  to 
cement  friendship  between  tfaecD.  Thou  ut 
not  called  upon  to  fight,  but  to  mediate." 

"  Happy  thought  !"  interrupted  the  son. 
"  Tes,  I  can  mediate.  I  will  go  to  Saettmios 
immediately." 

"  Patience,  my  son,"  sud  the  Arch  0niid. 
**  Why  dost  thou  ioterrupt  me  ?  What 
vouldst  thou  do  with  Suetonius  t  Would  he 
not  ask  thee  respecting  thy  comrade's  fiite  ? 
And  would  aught  thou  couldst  tell  him  change 
his  inexorable  purpose  of  revenge,  thinkest 
thou  ?  I  know  thy  general,  and  that  he  is 
as  severe  as  he  is  brave.  Right  glad,  I  ween, 
would  he  be  of  another  opportunity  of  revenging 
Boadicea's  short-lived  triumph.  But,  mark 
me,  my  son,  Suetonius  will  not  be  at  the  head 
of  the  troops  long :  the  messenger  is  now  on 
his  journey  to  summon  him  away.  Nay,  be 
not  astonished  at  this  intelligence,"  added  he; 
seeing  that  the  eyes,  not  to  say  mouth,  of 
Pudens  began  to  dilate  with  wonder  at  this 
piece  of  information.  '*  More  than  three  months 
ago,  I  saw  the  return  of  Suetonius  portended 
in  the  heavens." 


Tns    ROMANS   IN    BttlTAIN. 


63 


Pudens  could  not  help  manifesttng  a  little 
incredulity  at  thia,  whidi  vraa  not  diminished 
by  the  Arch  Dniid's  uaurmnoc  that  this  secret 
hnd  heen  imparted  to  him  by  th«  dog-star. 
He  hegnn,  indeed,  to  think  that  old  age  or 
enthusiasm  had  somewhnt  afiected  the  old 
ntan'tt  intellect,  hut  forhore  making  any 
remark. 

"  I  perceive  thy  incredulity,  young  man," 
itaid  tlie  Arch  Druid ;  "  but  I  can  assure  thee, 
that  111)  my  reputation  as  a  seer  is  pledged  to 
the  fullilmeiit  ot'  my  prediction." 

"The  erent  may,  or  may  not  ukc  place," 
Mid  t'udens ;  "  and  indeed  I  incline  much  to 
the  negative  myself,  for  I'olydetus  gave  a  very 
faToumble  i«)>ort  of  our  general  to  Ute  Roman 
emperor:  but,  however,  be  that  as  it  may, 
how  the  dog>star,  though  animated  by  the  dog 
Anubis,  who  sita  at  the  feet  of  his  mintress  Isis 
in  her  new  temple  at  Home — how  the  dog-star, 
I  say,  can  acqoira  or  impart  such  knowledge  of 
futurity,  is,  I  ackuoirlodge,  altoi;cthcr  beyond 
my  conception  ;  and  1  suppose,  iiitlier,  that  tlie 
Chaldean  art  is  not  communicable  to  a  stranger. 
And  yet,  methinks,"  added  he,  after  n  pause, 
"  1  would  almost  die  to  learn  such  a  secret." 

To  this  the  Arch  Draid  reined. 


G4 


stonkmbngk;  or, 


"  Our  art  Is,  indeed,  incommunicable  to  ■ 
stranger,  and  its  mysteries  not  to  be  lightly 
broAclied  to  any  person ;  but  as  tliou  art  my 
son,  I  care  not  to  reveal  to  tliec  the  datA  by 
wliicli  1  arrived  at  this  conclusion,  u  it  will 
rurni).h  thi^c  with  a  key  to  the  secrets  of  our  ■ 
art.  II10U  muHt  know,  then,  that  though  thy  ™ 
general's  obioequtousness  to  thy  Kniperor's 
freedmnn  —how  dost  thou  coll  him  i"  ■ 

"  Polyclelus  f"  interposed  l*udcn». 

"  Ay,  to  Polyclctns,"  continued  the  Arch 
Druid,  "  pleased  his  slavish  vanity  ;  and  though 
that  bauble  which  he  ga\'e  liim  well  seconded 
his  efforts;  yet  Ms  nmster,  Nero,  is  contempti- 
bly jealous  of  Suctonius's  reputation,  which  so  ^ 
infinitely  transoeiids  his  own  ;  and  is  only  f 
anxious  to  find  some  protest  for  recalling  him. 
Thou  must  know,  besides,  that  thy  generalf 
not  acquainted  with  the  nature  of  our  seas, 
cared  not  to  bring  up  his  ships  to  tlie  hnrhoar; 
but  let  tliera  lie  oft'  our  Kent  coast,  thinking 
them  safe  enough,  as  it  was  summer  weather. 
Now,  all  these  thtiigx  I  was  perfectly  aware 
of  before  I  commenced  star-gaiJng.— But  to 
come  to  my  prophecy. — It  happened  tliat  I 
was  watching  the  dog-star  one  evening,  when  1 
saw  at  once,  by  its  baleful  red  look,  (for  you 


I 


TBI  lOMANS   IN    DRITAIS. 


65 


most  know  that  it  looked  Ulce  a  Urge  goutte  of 
1)Iood  dropped  on  lead ;  so  ciinson,  and  yet  so 
dull  (lid  it  apjienr)  ;  well,  uit  I  wm  aaying,  1 
at  once  Uiat  we  should  have  a  fearful  tem- 
I  knew  witat  the  consequence  of  a  tem- 
pest would  he  to  tlie  Roman  uliipis,  namely,  that 
tlicy  would  all  be  wrecked ;  and  I  guessed  what 
would  be  the  effect  of  this  miKhanoc  to  Sue- 

'  tonius,  when  the  Emperor  should  hear  of  it, 
through  your  general's  old  enemy,  the  Pro- 
curator. I,  therefore,  naturally  enough  pre- 
dicted his  recol.  Part  of  wtiat  I  foresaw  has 
been  realized,  for  tlie  wrecks  of  thy  ships  hare 

[iitdeed  strewed  our  coast;  and   thou  mayest 

pdepend  upon  it,  as  I  before  stated,  that  messen- 
gcrs  have  ere  now  been  dispatched  from  Konie 

'  who  will  rcaliM  the  remainder." 

Pudena  was  much  struck  with  the  sagacity 

^ttpon  whidt  tliis  vaticination  was  based,  and 
sail), 

**  I  wonder  not,  father,  that  your  native 
land  ia  filled  with  your  fame ;  but  I  envy  less 
your  fame  tlian  your  knowledge  of  futurity." 

"  Envy  neither,"  replied  the  Arch  Druid, 
**hut  least  of  all  the  tatter,  my  son;  forrash  and 
foolish  were  tliat  man,  who  would,  even  if  he 
could,  draw  aside  tlic  veil  which  liidcs  futurity. 


66 


STONCnENOB  ;   OR, 


I 


Oh  I  if  all  the  steeps  and  precipices  of  life; 
the  veanaame  deserts,  and  tlie  datigeroiu 
mountains  which  we  have  to  pass,  were  to  bunt 
on  our  view  at  once,  how  few  would  attempt 
the  pilgrimage ;  or  having  attempud,  would  not  ■ 
gladly  lay  down  their  staff  on  the  tint  oppor- 
tunity !  Dut,  happily,  our  horizon  is  bounded- 
It  recedes,  indeed,  ti-t  ve  ndvatic«,  as  Uiough  to 
urge  us  onward ;  hut  it  hides  til  from  our  sight 
which  it  is  not  necessary  for  us  to  behold." 

^Vhile  tliey  were  thus  conversing,  two  or 
three  little  twigs  came  fluttering  down  tbe 
tube,  or  funnel,  before  ulluded  to.  The  Arch 
Druid  gaOiered  tht^m  up,  imd  putting  them  into 
a  frame  to  decipher  tlicm,  tuld  I'udcns  that  he 
had  just  had  a  summons  to  go  and  inspect  the 
sacred  bull  which  was  to  he  sacrificed  in  the 
evening  and  asked  Pudens  to  accompany  him ; 
adding]  witli  a  smile : 

"  You  see  another  use  of  this  funnel,  whJdi 
is,  that  it  enables  me  to  receive  communica* 
tions  of  what  is  Mtirring  abroad,  in  a  manner 
which  appears  to  tlie  uninitiated  almost  super- 
human. If,  for  instance,  I  ant  oonsultcd  rw- 
pecting  tbe  distant  operations  of  an  enemy,  1 
secretly  dispatch  my  messenger  to  tlie  top  of 
the  hill  which  overroufs  this  cave,  and  which 


4 


TBB    ROMANH    IN    BHrTAt.V. 


67 


comroaads  a  very  extcn&ive  prospect.  Here  is 
a  small  enclosure,  in  tlie  centre  of  whici)  u  the 
terniiniitioii  of  tins  tube.  From  this  eminence 
my  tBcxsenj^cr  reconnoitres  the  enemy,  and 
makes  me  acquainted  with  the  number  and 
disposition  of  their  forces,  by  throwing  dovn 
this  tube  a  symbolical  leaf  or  tirig;,*  such  as 
that  which  1  now  hold  in  my  hand,  and  the 
interpretation  of  which  I  have  gircn  thee. 
But,  howcTcr,  1  roust  not  neglect  my  summons, 
and  perhaps  thou  wouldst  like  to  accompany 
me." 

So  saying,  ho  reached  down  a  scroll  from  the 
shelf,  and  putting  it  in  his  bfMom,  led  the  way 
through  two  or  tlircc  winding  passages,  and  as 
many  dark  caverns,  until  they  arrived  at  a 
landing  place,  which  communicated  by  five  or 
six  steps  with  the  entrance  of  the  cave.  Thio 
WW  an  aperture  of  about  fuur  feet  and  a  half 
square,  with  large  stones  on  eadi  side,  and  n 
rude   arch   on  tiie  top ;  and  was  so  well  con- 


*  HifcmiM  ttmt  ta  b«  nadc  to  tliU  lynibolical  cuodc  of 
ooMCjlnf  iafmiBatiM  by  Ui«  b*nl  Talitiia,  itliO  MJt^ 

Chicroflbv  BartlsnfthcWrtl; 

tmitt  ntt^lAr  //rrk  Dinnrr. 


6B  stokehenob;  on, 

cealed,  that  Pudena  vas  utterljr  unable  to  find 
it  on  his  return,  though  within  a  few  yards  of 
it.* 

■  BotlMe,>peikingof  oneof  tlietec&Te>)U7a,"TIiuca*^ 
or  undergrouiid  puMge  »u  aoireU  eoDCcaled,  thmt  thoafh  I 
had  been  io  it  in  the  year  173S,  yet,  when  I  came  ugtln  too.- 
amine  it  io  the  year  1 752, 1  wu  ■  long  wbile  before  I  conld 
find  it. 


I 


CHAPTER  VI. 


Sometlmo  vilbin  my  *lu()t>,la  muy  anudent  wood, 
Wbow  olitu  lirinnl  top*  grcK  I'litrbui'  Am  wlt^KHXli 
'Vht  fenrkiu  llrlilih  print,  under  an  ^foi  »*k, 
TaUnit  ■  nillk-vfaite  bull,  Kntlunetl  villi  tin  yo\u. 
And  wiib  an  aic  ot  gold  Intm  that  Jor«Ta  ucred  tree 
Tb<  mittleioei'iildown  i  tlietiwitii  ■  bended  knee 
On  th'  unlicirn  allar  Uld.  |)ul  to  tlie  hallowtil  llMt, 
AnJwhilalin  ibt  (hBrpflaniv  llir  Irrmbllnx  flnli  Mi>lrc*, 
At  ihfir  iiniDg  fury  inoied  ^irhfn  all  ilic  mt  oditrc) 
franonncing  ihcir  datirri  tlic  ucrlfice  bcforci 
Up  lo  th'  eternal  HraTcna  tticlr  blnodinl  haoda  did  rear, 
And  vhiliiiiliemiinniiriR(iroail*<Vn*huddmdaa  vilbfrar. 
Pnacli'd  lo  lliv  b«aidl<o  youth  (be  aour*  immorlal  atalr. 
To  oth(t  bodi«i  still  han  it  should  tmlgnu  (D). 

DKtVlOll's   rCILT0LBI«H,   9TH    (OHC. 


As  the  Aich  Druid  and  Pa(Ieiii  wnlked 
through  the  mazes  of  the  sacred  grove,  which 
surrounded,  «ml  indeed  covered  the  Arch 
Druid's  CKve,  and  tlie  rehcs  of  wliich  still  rcUtia 
tha  name  of  Grorely  Wood,  the  old  man  told 
his  son  that  the  ceremony  of  gathering  the  mis- 
tletoe would  take  place  in  the  evening,  and  tttat 
he  would  thut  have  a  fair  op|wrtunity  of  being 


70  STONEBENQE;   OB, 

in  some  measure  initiated  into  the  mysteries  ot 
Dtiiidism. 

The  conversation  then  tamed  on  the  road 
proposed  to  be  made  by  the  Romans ;  which 
the  Arch  Druid  rightly  conjectured  would  in- 
vade his  domains.  After  the  old  sage  bed 
listened  attentively,  but  sorrowfully,  to  all  the 
information  which  Pudena  could  communicate 
respecting  it,  he  said, 

"  Ah !  my  son,  I  have  spent  the  greater  part 
of  my  life  in  observing  the  connexions  of 
events,  and  their  dependencies  on  one  another. 
The  chain  of  existence  is  so  inextricably  ioter- 
woven,  that  the  minutest  lint  cannot  be  touched 
without  affecting  the  whole  aeries." 

Whilst  he  was  saying  this,  he  took  up  a 
stone  which  was  lying  in  his  path,  and  direct- 
ing the  attention  of  Pudens  to  it,  continued — 

"  You  see,  my  son,  under  this  stone  an  ant's 
nest.  These  ants  live  principally  on  the  larva 
of  a  litUe  insect  which  inserts  itself  into  the 
bark  of  the  oak,  and  destroys  the  acorn ;  the 
acorn  is  the  food  of  the  dormouse  and  squirrel ; 
and  they  are  the  prey  of  the  hawk  and  the 
eagle.  Now,  by  removing  the  stone,  I  oblige 
the  ants  to  seek  some  other  dweUing;  the  in- 
sect destroys  the  acorn  j  and  the  result  is,  that 


THB    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN'. 


71 


the  dormouse,  the  xquirrcl,  tbo  liawk,  anil  tlie 
eagle  must  all  seek  their  food  eUewliere. 

"Innamera)>le  otiier  clumges  ore  the  conse- 
quence o(  tills  ;*  fur  there  is  not  a  blade  of 
grass  which  has  not  its  peculiar  parasites,  and 
b  not  the  bond  of  connexion  bctn-oen  a  thou- 
sand different  animals.  I  instance  these  to 
sliew  you  that  the  mighty  eagle  is  not  uninter- 
ested in  the  fate  of  the  little  ant;  and  that  no 
change  can  take  place  without  producing  others. 
Ai  it  is  in  the  world  of  insects,  so  it  la  in  the 
world  of  men.  If  this  road  ho  made,  we  Druids, 
who  resembhi  yonder  busy  ants,  shall  toil  here 
no  longer,  and  the  Homan  co^Ie  will,  at  one 
swoop,  destroy  the  labour  of  centuries.  Yes, 
and  our  religion — the  reli^on  of  unknown  ages, 
duration — will  give  phioe  to  the  speculations  of 
yesterday.  Verily,  verily,  the  oak  of  the  forest 
vrUl  be  laid  low,  and  the  muHhioom  spring  up 
in  iu  place  1" 

The  object  of  tlie  Arch  Druid's  walk  was  to 
make  lite  necessary  arrangements  with  the 
OTute  for  the  ensuing  ceremony.  Among  the 
principal  of  these  amiigcinents  may  be  reck- 
oned the  inspection  of  the  sacred  bull  by  the 

■  On  this  ikbjcti  Mc  5l  tiatK'i  lUudn  de  la  NMwie. 
I  Etude  1,  kwwl.p.  20. 


7* 


8TONEHENOE;   OR, 


chief  Orate;  whose  dutjr  it  was  to  see  that  it* 
snowy  hide  was  unsullied  bjr  ■  black  hnir,  ftnd 
who,  having  carefully  examined  it,  sealed  it 
with  hiH  aignet. 

When  tlie  time  arrived  for  them  to  attend 
tlie  ceremony  of  gathering  the  mistletoe,  iht 
Arch  Druid  placed  in  Pudens's  hand  the  famous 
talisman,  called  the  Adder's  stone,(E)  without 
which,  he  staled,  it  would  endangers  stranger's 
life  to  intrude  upon  their  mysteries.  lie  also 
cautioned  htm  to  observe  tlie  strictest  sileoce, 
AS  11  brvnch  of  it  would  expose  him  to  the  risk 
of  having  a  large  piece  cut  out  of  hia  robe  \ 

Armed  with  this  mysterious  passport,  and 
clad  as  a  Noviciate,  Pudens  accompanied  the 
Arch  Druid,  who  went  forth  in  his  white  rubesi 
carrying  liis  golden  sickle,  and  conducted 
torch-hearers  through  the  mazes  of  the  grov 
till  they  came  to  an  open  space  In  which 
a  wide  spreading  oak,  whose  venerable  trunk 
was  shaded  with  the  sacred  mistletoe.  Under 
this  oak  vas  an  alt&r,  around  which  were  ranged 
distinct  circles  of  Dniids,  Ovatcs,  and  Bards; 
interspersed  amungnt  whom  were  a  great  num- 
ber of  NoviciutCK  who  came  to  receive  instroc- 
tion. 

Two  fires  were  burning  at  a  few  yards  dts* 


bes, 

lby| 

4 


TIIR    ROUAMS    l:<     BRITAIN-. 


73 


from  each  otiicr,  between  which  it  was 
■!»ry  for  cvury  person  who  apprunched  the 
talur  to  pMS,  by  way  of  lustntion.  First  111 
proces»ion  marched  the  Arch  Druid,  bearing 
before  liiin  hi^i  sacred  sickle,  who  took  his  »eat 
ou  A  large  stone  placed  against  the  trunk  of  tlie 
o«lc,  whtcli  xerred  also  as  «n  eminence  on  wlitdi 
to  stand  and  lop  the  ttacred  braiiehes. 

'Ilieii  came  tlie  Warden  of  Bclen's  fane,  witJi 
hin  attendants  bearing  some  iiucred  fire,  which 
they  laid  on  a  pavement  let  into  the  earth. 
Next  followed  the  0\-ates,  leading  the  snowy 
bull.  After  ttiem  came  nine  femnles,  with 
long  white  robe*,  tutd  diahevetled  hair  flowing 
in  wild  confusion  down  to  their  brazen  girdles. 
They  walked  in  triple  rank,  the  middle  triplet 
bearing  the  mystical  caldron,  one  on  each  side, 
and  one  bending  over  it  behind,  as  tliough 
watcliing  it,  Icat  ita  contents  should  be  sullied 
by  the  admixture  of  any  less  pure  ingrwlienta ; 
and  as  their  charge  was  ratlicr  an  onerous  one 
they  relieved  each  other  sucoessively.  Tliis 
caldron,  the  rim  of  which  was  adorned  with 
pearls,  was  a  large  brazen  tripod,  of  peculiar 
sanctity,  and  contained  new  milk,  and  the 
purest  dew.    They  placed  tlieir  sacred  burden 

VOL.    I.  ■ 


7* 


8TO>fBUBNOB;   OB, 


I 


on  the  hoif  fire,  and  ranged  themselres  at  • 
distance,  and  at  equal  intervals  around  it.  ■ 

Then  foUoncd  Uioso  who  bore  the  varicnu 
articles  which  were  to  form  the  ingredients  of 
this  mystical  preparation ;  and  as  this  was  cod- 
udcrcd  a  very  importaot,  and  certainly  waa  a 
TCry  curious  part  of  the  worship,  I  shall  bo  some- 
what minute  iu  my  description  of  it.  Each 
person,  as  he  bore  his  oblation,  prcrioos  to 
throwing  it  into  the  atldron,  swore  by  tbe 
msoent  moon  that  lie  lind  conformed  with  tlie 
requisite  eeremonies.  t'irst  came  a  Druid* 
bearing  aome  dried  leares  of  the  verrain,  which 
he  declared  be  Imd  gathered  when  tbe  dog* 
star  rose,  and  neither  sun  nor  moon  beemed 
upon  it,  having  fir-tt  propitiated  tlie  earth  with 
honey  and  the  buncy-^oinb,  and  <irawn  a  cdrcle 
round  it,  and  dug  it  up  with  au  iron  instrument 
held  in  his  kit  liaitd.  Ho  also  said  that  he 
had  wared  it  aloft  when  separated  from  the 
ground,  and  bad  dried  it  i»  Ute  sliade,  tlte 
leaves,  and  stalk,  and  root  apart.  Next  came 
a  Drui<l  with  some  samolus,  or  marsh-wort, 
which  he  declared  he  had  gathered  with 
his  left  hand,  liuring  first  duly  fasted ;  and  that 
while  galliering  it  he  had  not  looked   behind 

*  Bofluc,  94.    Pilar,  ^^  3>  P-  *<>■ 


I 


Tile   BOUANi   IN    BRITAIN. 

'btni.*  Immediately  succeeding  him  caiae  unu- 
th«r,  bcuing  in  his  hand  a  banch  of  selago,  or 

kJiedge-hyssop,  which  be  profeaaed  to  have 
Rtbervd  with  his  right  band,  and  not  to  have 

fallowed  any  instrument  of  iron  to  touch ;  which 

ITight  band  he  also  declared  tiad  been  wrapped 
in  a  doak  taken  ^m  aoma  aacr«d  pervon,  fiir- 

I  tivcly,  with  his  left  hand.  He  likewise  stated 
that  he  bad  been,  at  the  time  of  ^thcring  it, 
clothed  in  a  white  ji;anncnt,  h  is  feet  being  washed 
and   unrorcred,   and  that    he   had  prcrioosly 

L  offered  a  sacnfice  of  bread  and  mcthe^lin ;  and 

[liaTing  gathered  it,  tliat  iie  had  placed  it  imme' 

jdiaiely  in  a  new  napkin.  An  almost  similar 
form  of  adjuration  watt  used  by  a  person  tbrow- 

|ing  into  the  caldron  a  handful  of  white  trefoil 
or  shamrock. t  Nothiiig  now  remained  to 
complete   the  mystical  contents  of  the   ode- 

[bratcd  "caldron  of  the  fire  plants,"  bat  the 
mistletoe. 


■  Pbn]r,n>t.2,B91. 

t  Tht  Inriicd  KuUiiK  of  llie  Mf tholoc;  ofUie  Draidi,  lUin 
tb>t "  Uw  ueroll,  from  (he  form  of  lu  l«n>  diipUyios  tha 
I  nplcriAa*  Ifcm  to  one,  Ihe  gf«al  wcrM  Incukaloil  t>y  theit 
[lrUdi,"<ad  l'to«i"nfhUB(o(  Uiix  pUot  bring  oaLnrallf  im> 
pmud  Bllh  *  pmic  figarf  uf  >  Cmctnt,  vhirh  vni  alio  a  »• 
end  t]rm\ii)i  •mODglbtn,"  km  brld  pccnturlj  uircd  uoonc 
Uw  UruUi^DOT.  ^  MS. 

B  2 


76 


stonbdbnoe;  ok 


Wliile  the  ceretnonie*  deacribed  were  in  tbe 
course  of  peribrmatioe,  and  u  soon  as  Uie  as> 
Mcmbly  had  ranged  themaelTes  in  a  circle,  a  boy 
of  about  twelve  years  of  age,  whose  garb  be- 
tokened hia  sacred  office,  curried  an  oiiaque 
glass  vessel  to  tbe  Arch  Dniid  filled  with  dew ; 
upon  which,  the  latter  rose  from  his  scat,  and 
went  thrice  round  the  assembly,  dipping 
tux  o&ken  branch  in  the  dew,  and  sprinklitig 
them, — 


IJcm  Icr  MCio*  putldicamlulll  undft, 
Sptrgrn*  rora  levl. 

TtHOlU  IN.  t.  V.129. 


The  whole  ssscmbly  now  jmned  in  prayer, 

walking  three  times  in  procession  round  tlie 
altar  and  onk  from  cast  to  west,  witli  their 
right  hand  aloft,  and  extended  towards  these 
■acred  objects.  That  part  of  Ute  henvcna  in 
which  the  moon  was  expected  to  rise,  now 
began  to  change  its  <liirk  hlue  into  a  light  grey, 
and  the  surrounding  stars  grew  pale.  Gra- 
dually it  bectune  lighter  and  lighter,  till  tlie 
moon  keemcd  to  burst  forth  with  unwonted 
splendour.  At  this  moment  the  bards  atnick 
up  iu  chorus  a  strain  which,  whether  it  was 
really   melodious  or  whether  it»  melody  waa 


I 


TtlK   ROUAN-a   IS    nRITAlN. 


71 


RoAened  by  the  stillness  of  tlic  night-ur,  »n<I 
rendered  more  elfective  by  the  solemnitiea 
with  which  it  was  accompanied— thrilled  upon 
the  ear  like  a  symphony  of  celestial  masic. 
The  burthen  of  the  strain  seemed  to  be  the 
following : — 


HYMN  TO  THE  QIJEBN  OP  HEAVEN. 

ill)),  ibou  bcauccon*  Quem  of  Nl^hlt 
Who  dMt  teach  maoklBd  ihelr  laMi 

When  tiiiatulshed  tttmt  Uiy  ligbt, 
Brif  bl«r  |[Iori«»  tbc«  nmil  ( 

Wuiog,  nniDg,  t»  our  tft 

Ttioa  miy*ld]4i]^,  bat  cult  not  ili«. 

So  Ike  Mul  KlcMcd  from  liCr, 

Anitn«le*  Kin>  other  torm  t 
U  ii  lixnd  lb*  •IwMik  of  nrife, 

on,  uM  ihe  (bunder  itorin, 
Uchulng  rendi  lu  ubln  ibroud, 
And  r«Te^  It  la  ilw  dead. 

Or,  II  ra»M  wm  Ui  delight. 

Bat  Mune  tr«c*  of  earth  nmuia^^ 

Ho(«rin)t,  than,  in  retJoi  mon  bt^h^ 
TUl  It  kite  iu  hlMt  ilruni, 

'Mi4  tb«  ralabow  It  ippran, 

lUlt  la  giofj,  half  to  totr*. 

Tbui  from  if li«t«  to  ipbvre  H  <r«ad«, 
TIU  ii  bMn  ao  Ult>l  aT  wrtli ; 

Till  mofabraDW  ontj  bleod* 
In  MiBltiiw  and  it*  birtb  ; 

And  Um  bewn*  ot  hmTcn  mt 

Mirrvr'd  o*  in  ipoikM  bmit. 


79 


iTOKBIIENGB;   OS, 


So  wItcD  icimc  pan  lake  Krene 
lai*ini  brinin'*  nloriiiu*  shMn, 
Scarc«  to  ua  toknow  ia  jpira 
TlDti  oCcurlb  from  liuci  of  beaven. 


The  moon  having  by  this  time  completely  risen 
above  tlic  horizon,  the  Arch  Druid  tore  down  a 
branch  of  the  miaUctoe  with  bis  golden  sickle, 
and  weaving  it  into  a  chaplct,  placed  it  round 
the  horns  of  the  sacred  victim.  With  one 
hand  on  the  rictim's  head,  and  the  other  up- 
nused  towards  heaven,  he  made  a  abort  in- 
vocation }  and  having  poured  a  Ubation  of  vine 
on  the  altar,  atid  over  the  animal's  forehead, 
delivered  him  to  the  chief  ovate,  who  slew  him 
and  cot  off  his  hc«d.  The  head  was  then 
brought  to  the  Arclt  Druid,  who,  after  sprink- 
ling the  congregation  with  sacrificial  blood,' 
pronounced  this  imprecation  over  it, — 

If  au|[liiof  ill,  yt  lioly  Puircn! 
\t  hurt  in  ilore  for  ui  or  oar*. 
Now  on  thii  >potk«t  vicltm**  bM^ 
Dc  Ihc  foil  vUU  of  cutifli  ihcd; 
Nor  lv(  Ili«  licbtnliig*  of  jrour  wraih, 
'rhoHjIi  vcll-ilnorvfj.  our  bosom  tcMlw. 

■The  cprinkllog  of  blood  U  ptfUrsUrljr  nktBtionrJ  by  tfae 
bAdi,    ■*   "  la  MCTcdiled  cuitotn  of   th«    CtUm.''.—Celt. 

jtu,,  p.  as. 


I 

I 

I 


THE   ROUANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


79 


^M  This  hc*d  wu  aftemrda  buried  in  the 
^P  eartii .  *  The  body  of  the  boll  iru  then  flayed ; 
and  the  inedible  parts  of  the  inside  having 
been  removed,  and  cabes  of  whcatcn  flour 
and  honey  baring  been  made  to  supply  their 
place,  the  cxtrcmitiea  were  lopped  off,  and  the 
remainder  prepared  for  the  feast,  with  which 
the  ceremony  was  closed,  and  which  indeed 
constituted  the  only  meal  partalcen  of  by  those 
engaged  in  these  rites  during  the  day ;  it  being 
a  sacred  ordinance  among  them  to  sacrifice 
fasting. 

While  this  was  heing  prepared,  the  Arcb 
Druid  gathered  a  few  more  boughs  of  mistletoe, 
and  threw  a  few  of  the  leaves  into  the  brazen 
caldron.  As  soon  as  the  contents  of  the  cal- 
dron began  to  simmer,  the  draidcsscs  performed 
a  very  extraordinary  kind  of  dance  around  the 
•■end  vessel,  sometimes  in  distinct  trios,  and 
flOmetimes  in  a  connected  circle  accompanying 
their  rapid  evolutions  with  vaticinations  and 
incantations  of  the  wilde«t  and  most  mysterioux 
kind.  When  the  decoction  was  complete, 
part  of  the  precious  contents  was  poured  opoii 
the  alur  by  way  of  libation,   and  part  of  it 


*  Hedli  wul  horai  o(  oira  hare  frt^onitljr  bnn  fooad 
I'  borM  Msr  Uie  place*  of  DruidJod  avnMf.—D^vli'  itylh. 


tW 


nrONRIIRNGK;   Oil 


was  distributed  among  tlic  druids,  who  had 
brought  cniisu  with  tltem  to  receive  it.  The 
Arch  Druid  then  proceeded  to  interrogate  the 
disciples  us  to  their  progress  in  druidical  lore, 
Slid  tliey  onswered  hU  questions  in  triads. 
That,  for  instance,  he  asked  them,  "What  are 
the  principal  objects  of  Uruidism?"  nnd  they 
answered: — 

"To  make  men  brave  in  battle } 

"  To  teach  tlicm  tliat  souU  are  immortal 

'*  And  that   another   life    awaits   them     at 
death."* 

Again,  he  asked  them,  "  What  are  the  prin> 
cipal  duties  of  mankind  ?"  and  they  rcpUcd  :— 

"To  worship  the  godsj 

"To  do  no  evil  j 

"And  to  exercise  forlJtadc."t 

Other  questions  were,  "  Wliat  arc  the  foan-j 
datiuns  of  judgment;  and  what  arc  the  founds 
tions  of  leaming  ?"  to  which  they  answered  :^] 

'*  The  foundations  of  tnie  judgment  arc,— 

"Bold  deaigii; 

"Frequent  practice ; 

"And  £requcnt  mistakes." 

**  The  foundations  of  learning  are,^ 

"  Seeing  much ; 

•  Pompaoliu  Mda.,  Ub.  ill,  e.  2. 
|DIpf«Da  LMfU  |>i«eiii. 


THE    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


81 


"  Suffering  much ; 

"  Aim)  stud^ng  much."* 

But  it  would  t)e  tedious  to  cite  more  ex- 
•milleii,  particuUrljr  as  the  greater  number  of 
them  x«bted  to  historicBl  and  mythological 
traditions,  in  whicli  names  are  altered,  and 
events  but  olmcurely  recorded. 

When  the  Arch  Druid  had  concluded  tliis 
examination  of  the  younger  graduates,  he 
addressed  the  audience  generally  on  the  doc- 
trines of  Druidism,  particularly  with  reference 
to  Uie  immortality  of  the  soul. 

His  eloquence  will  be  beat  estimated  by  the 
erfccu  which  it  produced,  which  was  such  a 
contempt  of  death,  and  in  some  instances  such 
an  impatience  of  mortality,  as  might  well 
■hamc  the  practical  unbelief  of  professors  of 
the  more  suhtimc  myatorics  of  Christianity. 

The  following  exquisite  lines  may  be  con- 
[fidvrecl  to  contain  a  summary  of  the  Draidical 
loctrinea  relative  to  the  transmigration  of 
souls : — 


Ai  lliiaM(b  *  lorrii  ntf,  «h«R  from  liauil  lo  tiuJ 
The  <l]r(a(  fODltn  Ireniniit  tli«ir  thliUDR  linnd— 
ftwu  tnm*  lo  franc  tk«  ufintik^uiahnl  loul, 
lUfMlf  f»t»n  lit!  it  tncli  ihe  |iwl. 

>  ■  •  •  • 

•  CiUd  in  •  Noic  to  RklunI  of  C> 


82  STON£BENae;  oBj 

A*  *  brl|[ltt  H*rr  that,  (ron  Ml  w  fnlt 
la  ta»nf  n  oi&M  dMc«aAafikri|[hl  thmuf  li  all. 
Find*  tome  f*ir  ngion  where,  eacb  lahyriotli  pMWd, 
Id  on«  fuU  Uke  of  light  il  roU  kl  lutt 

The  Arch  Druid,  after  recapitulating  tbe 
priticipil  arguments  in  support  of  his  doctrine, 
and  adverting  to  its  high  antiquityi  and  the 
illuKtrious  persons  who  had  professed  and 
transmitted  it>  thus  concludol  his  address  ;-^ 

"  Such,  brethren,  such,''  sud  he.  "  arc  the 
outlines  of  u  religion  which  has  heeti  preserved 
to  OS  Jrora  tJio  wreck  of  the  world ;  and  which 
a  tltousand  moons  liave  heard  inculcated  from 
these  holy  groves :  but,"  said  he,  slowly 
raising  hia  hand,  and  assuming  a  solemnity  of 
tone  and  manner  which  awed  the  ossombly 
into  the  most  profound  sUencc,  while  he  pointed 
to  the  moun,  whose  pale  crcHcent  contrasted 
stiikiiigly  with  the  livid  gUre  of  the  sacrifidal 
fire,  "but,  my  friends,  alas!  ere  another  moon 
shall  wax  itr  wime,  the  sounds  of  our  harps 
shnll  be  hushed,  and  our  grores  shall  echo  to 
no  sound  but  the  moaiiings  of  the  nightwind. 
Yonder  sickle  declares  that  our  suRimvr  is 
ended,  and  that  other  hands  shall  reap  ottt 
harrest.  Haste,  then,  to  your  banquet  and 
feut  while  you  may." 


THE    ROMANS    IN     BRITAIN. 


CUAPTER     VII. 


OIJ  Saniu  wu  buill  on  t  ilr;  iMina  bill, 

A  grrnl  nMnf  jrckn  ngo  : 
Tru  *  Komam  Iowa  of  autuflk  mA  mows, 

Ai  ita  tMttf  nii»  Aom  j 
Bui  •liU  lonpr  to  in  ■  plaiu  btto* 

A  Briliih  cilf  iComt, 
Aid  iMqien'  cat*,  inj  <tniM*'  frau 
Adoro'd  lib*  n«ifbboitriag  wood. 

OLD    BILL40. 


On  Ute  morniDg  after  the  celebration  of  the 
ithering  of  the  mUlleto«,  rudetu  arose  with  a 
Itnott  wixvoiu  desire  to  be  further  inituted  into 
[t)ie  myHteries  of  Dnudisiii.  His  mind  hul  been 
BO  powerfull}'  impressed  by  what  be  had  seen 
[and  heard,  that  the  imagery  of  his  dreams  vns 
[composed  of  a  fantastic  tissue  of  moonlight 
I  scenery ;  of  vhich  tlie  mystic  dance  around  the 
I  caldron,  the  sacrificial  fire,  the  choir  of  harpers, 
[the  sacred  oak,  and  the  nascent  moon,  fonned 
[the  materials.  As  he  had  partaken  of  the  feast 
BWhich  concluded  tlic  ceremony  with  an  appc- 


fH 


STONE  IIBNCR  ;  OB, 


tite  whetted  bjr  a  previous  fast,  he  had  made 
an  unaparing  meal ;  and  it  is  probably  owing  to 
this  circumstance  that  his  dreamit  were  of  a 
very  appalling  character.  Evcrjtiiiiig  was  dit- 
tortcd  into  an  image  of  terror:  the  sacrtftdal 
tire  seemed  to  be  designed  for  the  Druids  tbem- 
selres  ;  ttie  Ovate's  knife  seemed  directed 
ngiiinst  his  father's  bosom ;  the  wWd  vaticina- 
tion of  the  nine  virgins  were  converted  into  the 
shrieks  of  cnptive  «-om«n  ;  and  t)i«  hnrpa  when 
struck  seemed  to  emit  lugubrious  mumtors, 
the  harden  of  which  was  that  their  summer  vas 
ended,  and  that  other  hands  shouhl  reap  their 
harvest.  I  sliould  not  have  related  an  "  idle 
dre«m,"  were  it  not  that  n  reliearsul  of  it  by 
Pudcns  confirmed  the  Arch  Druid's  credence 
ill  his  own  evil  auguries,  and  made  him  believe 
that  his  vaticinations  had  been  divinely  in- 
spired. 

Truth  is  a  sacred  thing,  and  ought  not  to  be 
trifled  with ;  and  those  who  habituate  them- 
Selves  to  impose  upon  others^  will  oveiituallv 
impose  upon  themselves.  "  Fiuffunl  timut  ere- 
dmique."  The  Areh  Druid's  lunar  prediction 
affords  a  singular  illustration  of  the  truth  of 
tliis  remark.  He  had  been  accustomed  to  k-J 
present  to  otiiers  tlie  results  of  his  sagacity  as 


I 


TnB    ROUANS   in    BRITAIN. 


85 


the  elfecU  of  inspiration ;  and  he  no«r  1)eli«ved 
his  own  deluHton.     The  fact  was,  that  he  Itail 
heard  what  Pudens  had  told  liim   rcitpectiiig 
the  intersection  of  the  Roman  road,  and,  gating 
upon  the  moon,  had  seen  that  the  weatlier 
would  be  favourahle  to  the  undertaking,  and 
upon  these  dau  he  had  cumc  to  tlie  very  natu- 
ral conclusion,  that  the  davs  of  the  sojourn  of 
the  Druids  around  their  sanctuarif  of  Stone- 
hengc  were  numbered.     Vtt,  notfrithstanding 
all  tlic  steps  in  the  mental  process  were  so  ob* 
Ttously  Ute  deductions  of  li is  own  astuteness; 
and  notwithstanding  he  had  so  recently  ex- 
plained to  Pudens  the  grounds  of  a  simitar  pre- 
diction relative  to  the  recal  of  Suetonius,  he 
now  deceived  Ai'iwwffwitK  the  belief  tliat  h« 
was  gifted  with  supernatural  prcscionce  !  Treat- 
ing his  own  prediction,  therefore,  as  inspired, 
and  thinking  it  corroborated  by  tiie  dream  of 
Pudens,  whicli  his  own  judgment,  if  unbiassed, 
would  liave  otherwise  instantly  accounted  for, 
he  resolved  to  lose  no  furtlier  time,  but  to  make 
immediate  prepamuons  for  his  departure  into 
Wales. 

He  .proposed,  however,  licfore  he  took  his 
leave,  to  intf  oduoe  his  long  lust  u>n  to  the  King', 
to  whose  court  he  would  ha\-e  forthvith  re- 
paired, but  tluit  Pudens  requested  Uie  poat> 


86 


STONftllKNOB;  on. 


I 


ponemtnt  of  the  visit  for  one  more  day  in  order 
to  allow  him  an  opportunity  of  being  made  a 
little  furtlier  ncqiuintcd  witli  the  mysteries  of 
Druiclism.  M 

As  »  legitimate  dMoendant  of  the  race  of 
Druids,  Ihidens  waa  enabled  to  dispenae  with  a 
long  and  irknoine  initiation,  to  which  he  would 
otherwise  hare  been  subjected;  and  was,  at 
once,  introduced  to  those  secrets  which  manjr 
liad  spent  their  lives  in  exploring,  and  otliera 
had  gained  an  immortality  for  attempting  to 
reveal  secrets  which  had  been  rescued  from 
the  wreck  of  a  de.luged  world,  and  had  entailed 
divine  honours  on  all  concerned  in  their  pr^ 
serx-ation  or  traiismisiion  (F). 

Gladly  would  he  have  Imgcrwl  in  the  Arch 
Druid's  cave  until  be  had  penetrated  cvcrj'  re- 
cess of  the  chambers  of  hidden  knowledge ;  bnt 
time  only  allowed  him  to  stand  on  the  tbre»- 
hold  and  look  wiUun.  The  very  obscurity, 
however,  which  prevailed  there,  seemed  to  im- 
part greater  sublimity  to  the  truths  thus  dimly 
shadowed  forth. 

On  the  morrow,  the  Arch  Druid  and 
Pudeim  proceeded  to  the  royal  residence, 
wliich  was  not  far  from  Old  Sarum.  On 
their  way  thitlier  tliey  deviated  a  Utile  frooi 
their  direct  course,  aitd  ascended  a  hill  com- 


I 
I 


TDB    ROMAXS   IN    BRITAIN. 


87 


Handing  an  cxtcmirc  view  of  tlic  surrounding 
[country,  which  they  puised  to  survey.  A 
[grove  at  tho  foot  of  the  hill  was  rendered  still 
laiore  bcftutiful  by  the  ricb  tints  of  autumn } 
Itnd  hein^  begirt  on  every  side  by  an  uninea- 
tured  expanse  of  heath,  which,  like  a  suraaier 
I  Ko,  continually  varied  its  hue  u  tl>e  slukdows 
flitted  over,  it  &tood  out  like  one  of  those  ver^ 
daiit  islands  in  the  western  ocean,  which  poeta 
I  have  feigned  to  be  tho  abodea  of  tho  bleased. 
[Tlie  tiny  undulations  of  a  stream,  glittering 
lliero  and  there  amid  the  sombra  plain^  now  lost 
[to  Night,  now  sparkling  in  the  van,  added  to  [he 
[illusion  \  as  tt  seemed  to  Teaembletbe  phosphoric 
ck  left  by  some  pasnng  ship — the  BeeUng 
[saemoriat  of  its  course  tlirough  tlioie  sullen 
[leas.  While  Pudens  was  expatiating  on  this 
[loenery  his  e^e  caught  a  view  of  Stoaeheoge  j 
fvery  indistinct,  indeed,  but  sufEctent  to  enable 
:  him  to  rccogoiM)  it  as  the  scene  of  his  midnight 
I  ftdrcntora. 

The  .\rch  Druid  perceiving  the  object  of  his 
r  curiosity,  directed  bis  attcotion  to  a  British 
'  town  on  the  slope  of  a  hilL,  about  as  far  dis- 
I  tant  to  the  left  as  Stoncbenge  was  to  the  right. 
'•'  Yonder,"  said  he,  "  where  thou  canst  see  • 
few  glittering  white  specks,  is  one  of  our  prin- 
cipal towns,  called  Sorbiodunum;  a  place  known. 


88 


STOXEBBNOS;  OK, 


I 


and  colehrated,  b^  the  ancient  Greeks.  Tliey 
used  to  rail  it  the  City  of  the  Sun,  from  llie 
round  teinpl«  at  which  thou  wast  looking,  which 
they  deemeil  sacred  to  ApoUo;  and  this  grove 
they  styled  *  the  llarjKr's  Grorc,'  from  the 
bsrds  who  inhahitcd  it." 

Pudcns  immediately  rcmcmhered  that  he  bad 
read  a  description  of  this  scene  in  an  old  Gredc 
writing  when  ho  was  at  Marscillex ;  and  although 
he  had  wholly  forgotten  it  until  thus  recalled,  . 
every  word  of  it  seemed  now  impressed  upon  ■ 
h\»  memory;  and  it  dclightod  him  to  reflect  that 
though  the  haughty  Romans  might  aflect  to 
despise  his  native  country,  yet,  that  tlie  mild- 
ness of  her  climate,  the  fertility  of  her  soil, 
and,  above  all,  the  pomp  of  tier  religion,  had 
been  the  admiration,  and  the  theme  of  the 
more  intellectuid  Greeks.  As  he  compared 
the  grove— the  round  temple — and  the  long 
stoled  burds,wit]i  the  description  of  them  tlirte 
centuries  and  a  half  ago,  and  attested  with  liis 
own  eyes  the  reality  of  that  which  he  woold 
otherwise  have  considered  a  fiction ;  he  seemed 
to  have  realized  some  of  the  earliest  visions  of 
his  youth,  for  none  of  tlie  novelties  of  which 
he  had  heard  or  read  had  so  powerfully  excited 
his  curiosity  (G). 

Here  let  us  follow  tlic  example  of  Pud«na 


1 
I 


TUB  ROMANH  IN    BRITAIN. 


89 


and  the  Arch  Druid,  and  jwiuc  to  contemplate  a 
scene  which  nttroctol  tins  notice,  and  exerctned 
the  descriptive  povrcrs  of  a  stranger,  tliree 
oenturiea  and  a  half  before  the  era  of  our  talc. 
Were  any  person  to  write  a  history  of  Old 
Saruni  and  ita  ndghbourhood,  be  would,  in 
cir«.-t,  write  an  epitome  of  the  *  pictorial  his- 
tory of  England.'  We  have  lately  accn,  in 
tile  diafrnnchiscmcnt  of  tltta  ancient  borough, 
/Ae  Irium/A  of  denoeracffi  •  little  before  we 
might  hare  seen  in  ita  representation  of  our 
colonial  posw&Kiuns  in  India,  /Ac  triumph  iff 
emnmeree ;  and  in  cariicr  ages,  when  it  reared 
ita  castled  brow  in  defiance  of  its  sovereign, 
King  Stephen,  we  idiould  have  seen  /A«  IriumpA 
offeudaHtm.  Iteverting  to  a  former  period, 
when  the  air  wns  resonant  with  Uie  matins  and 
vespers  of  cowled  monkR,  we  should  have  seen 
the  triumph  of  Monachiimt :  a  few  years  pre- 
vioui,  when  a  Roman  city  frowned  from  ita 
summit,  and  overlooked,  and  overawed  a  sub- 
ject nation,  we  should  have  seen  the  triumph  of 
eon^uett :  and  reverting  to  a  still  earlier  era,  we 
should  have  seen  in  the  "grove,"  and  "the 
round  temple,"  and  "tlie  city  in  its  vicinity 
inhabited  by  harpers  hymning  the  praisea  of 
kpollo;" — in  thcao  sacred  antiquities  we  should 


M 


STOKBBBMOK  ;   OR, 


have  Bccn  the  triumph  of  Onidum  f  Wbodoea 
not  respond  to  the  poetry  of  Boirles  awakened 
bjr  this  scene  ? 


Htra  itooil  the  Clt^  of  Ih*  Sun :  look  tannil ! 

Ooit  tlioii  noI  ICC  >  rIMunlry  buii), 

Druldi  nnd  btnli  upon  th«  lummit  lUad, 
or  ilii*  foratkeai  bui  majcatlc  mound  > 
Do>t  llinu  not  li«*r,  nl  liinet,  Uit  accliimiDg  aouuU 

Of  barpa,  it  urticn  the  barila,  in  long  •Cray. 

Bail'd  ibc  uocndiag  goU  of  nlgbt  and  if  ? 
No,  all  it  buibM ;  duth'i  atIlln«M  bow  ptofoaad  I 

In  iftiT  yrnn,  htm  llir  c»tlii«tnil  rmw, 

M'lioic  prclam  now  in  yonder  flln(^  repoM, 
Amon;  the  mighly  of  tiiua  p«l  mnj  [ 

Fur  then  bcr  hhC  of  r»t  religion  cbow, 
Tbcr*  itlll  Id  Hrann  ■iccndt  (Iia  holy  Uy, 

A  nd  nerer  ataj  her  ahrini!  in  wrerk  noi  tiieact  clow. 

Oh  Time  1  Time  !  what  magician  ever  evoked 
•uch  virions  as  Uiou  ?  Uidst  thou  shift  the 
scenes  fur  the  trembling  propliet  on  the  banks 
of  the  Tigris,  when  the  monardiies  of  the 
world  passed  in  succession  before  his  entranced 
gaze  ?  or  didst  thou  unroll  for  the  rapt  apostle, 
on  the  lone  sliorcs  of  Patmos,  tlie  apocalrptic 
panorama,  whereon  tlio  long  series  of  thy 
triumphs  were  depicted,  until  Thou,  thyself, 
wcrt  siccn  wrestling  with  Eternity  ?  I  ask  thee 
not,  dread  enchanter,  to  mirror  forth  the/utvn 
to  my  riow;  for,  like  Saul,  I  might  shrink  from 


THE  BOlIANa    tH   BRITAIN. 


91 


tfae  sight ;  bat,  oh,  rerea]  to  mo  the  irrevocable 
j>atl .' 

The  Brittsb  town  Sorl^iodanum,  whicti  had 
been  pointed  to  by  the  Arch  Druid,  and  which 
wu  the  capital  of  the  kingdom,  lay  in  a  \'ale 
at  the  foot  of  the  hill  now  called  Old  Sarum.* 
It  was  situated  on  tlie  banks  of  a  branch  of  the 
Avon  in  t)>e  confines  of  a  forest  called  Qroveley 
Wood ;  which,  in  those  days,  extended  to  the 
beautiful  doaiain  now  kuowu  as  Clarendon 
Park,  and  which  was,  indeed,  but  a  continua- 
tion of  it,  and  former!  a  rerdant  s'"''c>  K*^^ 
fully  divcrxi^ing  the  dreary  monotony  of 
Salisbury  Plain. 
^  Sorbiodunum  possessed  all  those  adranta^ 
wtuch  iCem  to  have  determined  the  choice  of 
our  ancestora  in  the  selection  of  sites  for  their 
towDS.  It  was  protected  from  the  essteiiy 
wind  by  the  hill  of  Old  Saram,  well  vstcred 
by  the  Avon,  and  the  skirts  of  the  forest  af- 
forded luxurious  pasturage  for  tlic  flocks  of  the 
inhabitants,  and  supplied  fu«l,  and  acorns  for 
their  swine. 

One  might  have  suppoited  that  when  the 
RoraAna  became  masters   of  this  place,  they 

P    •OUSamn'>UoaiMlwuaacicnil7CBlkd"B*nS»rEta9, 
or  Ibe  Clbidd  d(  tht  ScniccTm." 


92 


8T0NRIIB\0iC  ;   ORj 


would  have  been  contented  with  these  local  re- 
commendations ;  bat  DO,  they  preferred  a  mon 
commanding  situation,  from  which  they  oouU 
vatch  and  check  their  refractory  subjects,  Bftd. 
therefore,  transferred  the  tovn,  or  rather  the 
name  of  tltc  ton'n,  to  a  city  which  tbcy  built 
on  the  summit  of  the  bleak  sterile  hill  trf'  OU 
Sarum.* 

I  h&vo  been  thus  minute  in  porticutarinsf 
the  different  sites  of  the  Roman  and  British 
towns  of  the  same  name,  as  nothing  is  moR 
indicative  of  the  genius  of  a  i>cople  than  the 
dioioc  of  the  sites  of  tlieir  towns;  and  nothiis 
lias  caused  more  difficulty  to  antiquaries  tliH 
inattention  to  this  subject. 

To  return,  however,  to  the  Britith  town  >- 
beside  the  shelter  and  defence  which  Sorbio' 
dunum  received  from  the  wood  on  the  soath 
and  east,  and  the  river  on  the  west ;  it  wu  for- 


*Th>  choice  of  Uia  Roinni*,  like  tboM  of  ib*  CtukH*- 
niiuif,  hu  brcn  tbe  lubiect  of  mnoy  an  epIgruH,  •aasfa 

■lilcli  ihc  liiUaiting  ioc*  not  ucoi  llic  worn  i — 

Eti  lilii  (lerMtus  lympbM,  «ed  copla  ctcUi, 
Sccril  ibi  tvDtu*,  ted  Pltiloncl«*itel. 

Wtttr  (lure** Mom, bat  cbalk  in  pleatj  U««| 
And  (bote  *«cei  naU*  tli*l  FliUoinel  dauiea, 
Tb*  h*nh«rtau>ic  of  the  wiail  iiippllts. 

CiAmh'*  Ctmilm,p.  U«. 


h 


TtIK    ROMANS    IN    llltlTAIN. 


9S 


ttfied  hy  a  re^lar  rampart  and  fosse,  made 
particularly  strong  on  Uic  north,  where  it  was 
moat  exposed.  Its  contiguity  to  the  great 
national  temple  at  Stonchcngc,  from  which  itwas 
distant  about  kvc  miles,  made  it  a  favourite 
KMdence  of  thoxe  who  ofiiciated  there  in  a 
religious  capacity,  and  had  acquired  for  it  tbe 
nameof'TheCityof  Harpers."  It  had.indeed, 
fomterly  been  deemed  sacred,  and  appropriated 
exclosively  to  tJie  residence  of  the  tninistcrs  of 
religion  and  their  dependants  ;  but  when  rcUgion 
itself  fdC  thfl  shock  of  internal  di&scnsions,  and 
theae  hc^y  precincts  were  intruded  upon  by  con- 
tending chiefs;  itsmore  peaecful  inhabitants  trcrv 
glad  to  shore  their  rich  pastangc,  streams,  and 
groves,  with  tliose  who  were  belter  able  tlian 
thcmsclTes  to  defend  them.  Having,  tliercfore, 
for  a  conaidcrable  time  past  become  a  royal  city, 
its  btul<lings  assumed  a  more  substantial  cha- 
racter tlinn  tlie  Htmple  tents  and  huts  which 
the  early  inlwbiUnts  uf  Briton  were  accostonied 
to  erect,  for  ten)]K>iary  ecoummodatioii  during 
their  foraging  or  prvdatory  excurNionx.  The 
habitations  were  large  round  cabins,  built  prin- 
cipally of  timber,  on  foundations  of  stone  or 
chalk,  and  roofed  with  a  sloping  covering  of 
skins  or  reeds.     They  seemed  arranged  with 


94 


RTONEHENOK:    OB, 


considerable  regarJ  txi  order,  in  direct  lines,  i 
nearlj-  equal  distances  one  from  another,  but 
incrca£ing  in  siae  and  mde  adornments  as  ther 
■])proaich«d  the  residence  of  the  chief.  Bchiod 
tlicm  were  hovels  for  their  csttic,  nearly  Mjoare, 
wnttied  nnd  thatched  with  rushes:  and  unce- 
meiited  chnik  walls  inclosed  ilic  whole  premises. 
The  appe«rnn(;coftJie  Arch  Druid  nx  hi*  passed 
through  the  town  seemed  to  excite  univenal 
atteniioti.  Some  of  tlie  inhibitanta  were  sitting 
atthe  door  of  their  cabins  stringing  their  harps; 
others  were  repniring  the  instruments  of  the 
diase ;  some  of  the  noblest  of  tbe  women  were 
seen  washing  their  garments  in  tbe  stream,  and 
otliers  Firranging  the  plumes,  or  adorning  the 
mantles  of  ihcJr  husbnnds  aitd  brothers :  but 
all  left  their  rcspc«tivc  employments,  and  Bome 
with  music,  some  witb  shouting,  the  women 
dancing,  and  the  men  leaping  with  wild  gesticv- 
lations,  ran  to  welcome  tlie  Arcli  Druid  who  tbejr 
thoaght  bad  brought  a  prisoner  to  their  King; 
and  who  wss  obliged  to  interpose  bis  authoritr 
to  rescue  Pudens  from  the  menaces  of  n  hun- 
dred hostile  javelins,  The  dogs  of  the  city 
joined  in  the  chorus,  and  added  to  the  deafoi- 
ing  clamour,  amid  which  the  party  proceeded 
to  the  paUcc  of  the  chief. 


Tni  ROMAHa  IN   BRITAIN. 


CHAPTER  VIII. 


VTe  nm*  to  lb  UU  of  tb«  King,  wh«r«  It  roM  In  Dir 
mUit  o(  rtKkj,  on  wb«*c  dtrk  alila  vtn  ihc  murk*  ot 
ktrrami  at  old.  Brvwt  oilit  bcml  around  oith  Uicir  axiuL 
Tlir  Ihirfc  biKh  f*  mvtav  a«>r.  Half  lijd  in  h«r  tliaitjr 
gtorr,  RoitTUM  ntoa  ik  Mag.  Her  vhite  band*  omt«  on 
tilt  barp.  I  bthtU  bcx  blue  mllinf  tjva.  Sbc  ■«a  IJkr  a 
,  Afltll  of  btaND  half  (otd«d  ia  Ui(  tkirt  or  a  cloud. 

Oiiuf. 


i 


Tub  royal  mansion,  better  known  by  the 
name  of  Uie  White  Uouse>  was  built  of  wood 
on  a  foundation  of  dialk,  and  differed  but 
little  from  tii«  otiter  bouses  in  Sorbiodunuin, 
except  in  iu  inipehor  atae,  and  tbe  whiteneas 
and  xmootbntas  of  tbe  materials  with  vbicli  it 
was  con&tructcd,  and  from  which  it  derived  ita 
name;  and  ■.■xcvpting  also  tJiat  the  doorway 
wax  foniKd  by  a  duuhlv,  instead  of  a  single 
arch,  and  that  it  had  apertures  in  the  widls  to 
admit  the  light.  It  ia  worthy  of  remark  that 
tbe  recent  introductiona  of  these  novelties,  had 


96 


btonkhbnob;  ob, 


made  those  who  had  received  nU  tbcir    lij^ 
from  Uicir  doorways  exclaim  loudly  against  the 
new-fangled    &ndes    brought     over     by    the 
KoRinns,     and      prognosticiite     evil     to     the. 
country  from  these  new  lighU ! 

The  palace  was  only  one  itory  in  height,  and 
seemed  an  aAsembloge  of  distinct  buildingi, 
rather  than  a  house  comprising  dlS'crcnt  apart* 
mcnts,  A  strong  tenco  of  palisades  surrounded 
the  royal  domains,  including  likewise  many 
dwellings  occupied  by  the  officers  and  at- 
tendants of  the  court,  and  formed  a  barrier  of 
a  horse-shoe  shape,  the  two  extremities  of 
which  extended  to  the  margin  of  the  strvam. 
As  a  furtlier  defence,  this  stream,  in  other 
places  narrow  and  fordable,  vraa  here  artificiallj 
deepened  and  widened,  and  tlic  hanks  made 
precipitous. 

The  mansion  itself — so  to  apeak — consisted 
of  a  hall,  a  parlour,  or  more  private  apartment, 
two  or  three  bed-rooms,  a  buttery,  a  stable,  a 
dog-kennel,  a  granary,  and  an  oren  or  bake- 
house, besides  hovels  for  cattle,  sl^rcliousei^ 
and  other  otlicea ;  and  it  was  iturrouiided  by 
the  habitations  of  tlie  twenty-four  grt;at  officcn 
of  tlie  court. 

On  the  arrival  of  the  Arch  Druid  and  Pudeni 


TIIK    BOUANS    m    BRITAIN. 


97 


(t  the  gate,  the  porter  was  summoned  to  his 
aty  by  two  huge  bull-dogs,  %rh>ch  would  have 
disputed  the  way  with  a  oouple  of  lions,  u 
readily  as  with  the  less  formidable  aDimals 
which  carried  the  visitors.  The  porter,  recog- 
nising the  Arch  Druid's  milk-white  mule,  re- 
strained his  dogs,  and  drawing  the  mighty  bolt, 
obscquivusly  tJircw  open  the  gnlc ;  nt  the  same 
time  winding  a  rude  horn,  to  give  intimation  of 
tlie  arrival  of  so  distinguished  a  guest.  When 
tliey  reached  the  palace,  the  door  of  tlte  King's 
private  opnrtnient  bcini;  <t{>en,  they  oat^ht  sight 
of  tlte  King  amuKtng  himi»clf  snth  the  harp. 
Tlie  Arch  Druid  would  hmve  waited  the  oon- 
elusion  of  the  strain,  but  as  the  King's  dogs 
disturbed  their  master,  he  proceeded  at  once  to 
the  royal  parlour  leaving  Pudeiis  in  the  ludl. 
'  As  tlie  Arch  Druid  remained  closeted  a  con- 

I  aiderablc  time,  during  which  he  related  Pudens' 
I  strange  history  to  the  King,  our  hero  had  an 
opjMrtunity  of  minutely  surveying  tlic  apart- 
ment. The  walla  were  hung  with  arms,  musi- 
cal instruments,  and  trophies  of  the  war  and 
the  chase,  among  which  were  to  be  seen  the 
honis  of  tlie  stag  and  buffalo,  a  large  circuUr 
I  shield  made  of  widcer  coated  witli  hronie,  a 
VOL.  I.  r 


9» 


btonekengb;  or. 


liu^  bniz«n  celt  or  species  of  battle-axe,  and  t,} 
harp  and  clirotta  or  kind  of  violin.  A  more ' 
elevated  seat,  in  fashion  not  unlike  our  modern 
chairs,  and  oorered  n-ith  a  lienr-skin,  seemed 
designed  foMoyalty  ;  and  benches  cushioned 
with  the  skins  of  wolves  nnd  foxes,  seemed  to 
Ibl61  less  honourable  uses.  Tlie  fire-place 
consisted  merely  of  a  Inrgc  slab  of  stone  let 
into  the  centre  of  the  floor,  upon  which  «-era_ 
piled  immense  logs  of  wood,  wliich  madsf 
Oasian's  expression  '  flnming  oaks*  no  exi^ 
gented  motunymy  for  a  fire.  ^ 

Pudens  bad  hardly  completed  his  obserro-1^ 
tions,  vben  he  was  ushered  into  the  royal 
presence.  The  King  was  a  middle-aged,  tinr< 
tiol'lookini;  chief,  with  long  mustachios  on  hit 
upper  lip,  and  hair  turned  back  upon  the  ctowti 
of  the  head,  and  falling  down  in  long  bushy 
curls  behind.  On  hi*  entrance,  his  host  drank 
to  him  out  of  a  shell  studded  with  gems,  and 
then  presented  it  to  Pudens ;  such  being  tbe 
customary  mode  of  salutation. 

The  son  of  the  King  was  in  one  comer  fitf 
the  apartment,  very  busily  employed  in  string- 
ing and  adorning  a  bow ;  while  at  his  feet  nt 
two  favourite  hounds,  the  wbitc-brcastetl  Braa, 
who  frcquaitly  brought  down  three  deer  in  tbe 


TUB    ROMANS   IN    BKITAIS. 


99 


oouneof  one  chose,  bimI  a  sarly,  supennniuUid, 
Htrongly-huilt  Manchester  liound,  who  growled 
It  recognition  when  addressed  by  the  name  of 
Luath  (H).  The  King  eyed  I*udena  with  a  kind 
of  cautious  cariosit)-  as  he  stood  before  them 
in  his  Iloman  girb;  and  his  son's  countenance 
certainly  diaplnyed  as  much  defiance  as  hos- 
pitality, as  he  seemed  measuring  his  Umbs  with 
his  eye,  a>  though  to  compare  tlieir  relative 
strength.  But  a  few  momenta  nerTod  to  ditpel 
ull  their  distrust  of  the  stranger ;  for  when  the 
King,  from  whose  mind  tlie  n|){>carnnce  of 
Pudena  had  for  a  moment  obliterated  what  be 
had  just  beard  respeotii^  his  parentuge,  com* 
menccd   the   conrcrsation     witli  tJtc    nddreas, 

"  Young  Roman—" 

"Sire,"  iatcrrupted  Pudens,  speaking  in 
Gallic,  "  I  am  not  a  Roman,  but  a  Bri- 
ton." 

The  old  man's  eyeti  spaikled  with  pleasure  at 
Uiis  declaration ;  and  his  son,  unused  to  sup- 
press emotions  of  any  kind,  gave  a  violent 
cheer,  and  s|>ringiitg  from  liiv  seat,  squeezed 
the  hand  of  Pudens  till  the  blood  alniont  burst 
through  Uie  skin,  as  a  testimony  of  the  satis- 
faction whteh  he  felt.  Pudons,  it  mutt  be  ae- 
knowledged,  felt  a  little  discooocrted  at  this 

F  2 


too 


STONKHFNnE;    OR, 


I 


embrace,  and  somewhat  at  a  Ioks  how  to  con- 
strue it ;  more  particular!}-  as  the  gruff,  somno- 
lent Luatli,  seemed  lo  regard  it  as  of  such  an 
equivocal  cliaracter  that  he  felt  half  disposed 
to  summon  his  Isst^-hbing  energy  for  an 
attack,  and  ^vc  a  preliminary  growl.  Bran, 
however,  more  sagaciously  interpreting  his 
mast'^'s  movements,  advanced,  and  seemed  to 
emulate  the  rudeness  and  fervency  of  the  sala- 
tation. 

FSidens  was  not  left  long  in  a  state  of  doubt 
M  to  the  precise  nature  of  his  reception;  for 
the  young  chief  advancing,  and  exclaiming 
'*  You  are  a  Briton,  then,  are  you  f**— unfastened 
a  gold  ton]ue,  or  collar,  from  his  neck,  and 
presented  it  to  Pudcns,  at  the  same  time 
welcoming  him  to  his  father's  "  ball  of  ahdla."  ■ 

Our  hero  still  further  raised  the  estimation 
with  which  his  new  hosts  began  to  regard 
him,  by  endeavouring  to  place  the  torque  round 
his  own  neck,  whidi  was  of  course  accepted 
by  them  as  a  oumplimcntary  adoption  of  the 
national  badge. 

When  this  brief  interview  was  over,  and 
while  the  feast  was  preparing,  Pudcna  and 
Brennus,  (for  that  u-as  the  name  of  the  young 
chief,)  strulkd   about   the   royal   domain,  and 


I 


TUE    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


lOl 


directed  their  atcps  towards  the  stream,  wlilcli, 
Bs  I  have  stated  before,  formed  oue  of  its 
bouiidKrifis.  A  large  meadow,  cultivated  some- 
what in  the  manner  of  more  modem  parks, 
and  acrOM  which  frequently  bounded  tlic  wi1<l 
d««r  from  its  oorertin  the  neighbouring  wood, 
:tl  <lown  to  ita  willowy  banks.  A«  they 
approacbed  tliis  stream,  the  yout^  cliief 
•aid, 

"  At  the  end  of  tii%»  walk,  is  a  very  farouritc 
resort  of  Hoscrana,  and  it  ia  not  uiilJkoly  tliat 
we  sliall  find  her  there ;  for  »he  wiU  sometinies 
ait  under  yon  oak  till  the  sun  doubles  her 
shadow." 

On  being  asked  who  Roscrana  might  be,  he 
answered, 

"  Koscraiia  Lit  my  Mater  ;  and  she  would 
I  shoot  an  arrow  as  straight  as  Boadicea,  if  it 
were  not  that  she  is  so  fond  of  listening  to  old 
Morgan,  the  bard,  telling  his  long  stories.** 

While  they  were  thuB  convcniing,  tJicy 
emerged  from  a  little  gruvc-l'die  walk  formed 
of  birch  trees,  with  here  and  tliere  an  oak  in- 
terposed, which  liod  interrupted  tlieir  vicm-; 
and  within  a  few  yards  of  tliem,  they  belield 
tlie  objects  of  their  conversation.  The  King's 
daughter  was    sitting  in  a  nistic  bower,  and 


lOf 


BTONBHBNGR ;  OH, 


ber  waa  «  very  old  silrcr-haircd  bard, 
tmcbing  her  the  harp.  At  the  sound  of  their 
footstcps,  she  raised  her  head,  and  in  so  doing, 
disturbed  a  profusion  of  gIos«y  ringlets  whicb 
seemed  to  nestle  fondly  on  bcr  neck  and 
shoulders.  When  licr  dark  blue  eye  caught  a 
Tiew  of  tlic  struiiger's,  n  blush  for  a  moment 
mantled  her  ulie«k,  while  at  the  same  time 
there  flitted  rapidly  across  ber  brow  something 
like  a  frovn  of  displeasure  at  the  unexpected 
intrusion. 

The  momentary  excitement  tlius  produced, 
however,  imparted  animation  and  dignity  to 
her  beautiful  countcnanec.  She  was  but  a  girl 
in  age,  not  being  mure  than  fifteen  or  sixteen 
years  old,  but  of  a  graceful  and  symmetric 
figure  :  and  there  was  something  in  the  artleav 
nesa  of  her  manners,  and  picturcs(|ue  wildnest 
of  her  costume,  which  added  much  to  the 
diarm  of  her  appearance.  She  wits  dressed  in 
a  loose  kind  of  plaid  tunic  of  various  colount, 
tlifi  graceful  folds  of  which  seemed  to  flow 
irom  B  curiously  carved  fibula,  on  her  shoulder. 
Around  her  snowy  neck  a  masHire  gold  cliahi 
wu  seen  spariding  amid  the  darker  treasea  of 
her  long  hair.  Her  brother,  advancing  a  few 
steps  before  Pudens,  told  her  that  his  compa- 


I 
I 


TBK   HOIIANS   IN   BBITAIN. 


nion  wu  &  stranger  come  from  Caesar's 
country;  at  which  piece  of  iatelligence  Roscrana 
showed  symptoms  of  surprise  amounting  al- 
moal  to  terror;  for  the  name  of  their  God 
Taraiiis,  tlie  TliutidcriT,  v/as  not  more  terrible 
to  ttie  Britoiis  thiui  tiint  of  Cicaar.  Nor  did 
the  first  timid  glance  at  the  fine  manly  figure 
of  Pudens  wholly  allay  lier  upprelicnsionis,  for 
she  was  not  sure  that  the  stranger  was  not 
Cffissr  himself. 

His  good-humoured  counteiianoe,  and  kindly 
manner,  however,  soon  dispelled  her  reserve ; 
and  before  their  conversation  wils  ended,  slic 
c^■en  ventured  to  ask  several  <juestion»i  relative 
to  the  ladies  of  Home ;  as,  for  instunee,  whe- 
ther they  were  not  very  beautiful— and  whe- 
tlicr  they  did  not  play  the  harp  very  well? 
Nor  can  we  suspect  her  of  any  coquetry  in 
tliese  interrogatories,  if  when  she  uttered  them, 
she  did,  with  tasteful  negligence,  tlirow  back 
her  h«ir  from  her  shaded  eyes,  and  carelessly 
sweep  her  white  hand  over  the  strings  of  her 
harp!  1  must  do  Pudt-ns  the  justice  to  say, 
that  be  answered  these  questions  very  properly 
f  and  satisfactorily.  Ilie  Roman  ladies,  poor 
things  1  had  no  tuirps ;    and  though  they  were 


104 


8T0NBHBNOB. 


pretty,    they  were  not  n>  pretty  as   his   fair 
catechist. 

To  the  great  reHef  of  the  young  chie^  yrho 
-waxed  visibly  impatient  of  this  petty  conver- 
sation,  their  dialogue  was  cut  short  by  the 
sound  of  the  faom,  which  summoned  them  to 
their  repast. 


BOOK    SECOND. 


Ipas  cfo  DirduiM  Rntupiaa  per  Kquora  puppu 
DicMM,  (t  PkndraudiM  ngaum  Tetui  InofteoB 
BmnAmqne  Arrir^fimqae  duces  pri*cliiiique  BeliDuni. 

MILTON'i  LATIN    FOBN ,  BPITAPHtUM    DAMONIS,    162. 

Rriuial  Ihf  legend*  ■!!  bare  chunii  for  rae 

Sinee  fint  the  Trojani  plow'd  onr  Keatiih  tea ; 

Bm  puting  o'er  Beltnai's  dark  reign. 

Nor  lingering  witfa  Pandraiian  Inogen; 

I'll  bute,  Anringui,  to  ipeak  tiij  fame. 

Nor  that!  bold  Brennni  mourn  a  ilighted  aame. 


F    .S 


107 


CHAPTER  !. 


Ttu«i  Thomos  rote,  witit  lurp  in  band, 

Wbia  at  tbe  f«Mt  wu  dons ; 
(In  mintml  itrifc,  in  faiiy  Unit, 

lite  cUtn  burl)  be  won.) 
ITuib'J  wurr  ibc  tbrong.  both  linib  and  loagat. 

Anil  harprr*  for  onrj  pnh  | 
And  ansril  lunti  liun'ij  on  llielr  *wunl*, 

Aod  hurkcn'i)  to  tbe  ulc. 
TUOMU  TUK  NIIYNRB,  t.  Ill,  tollDtn  MIHITRSU. 

As  it  is  my  intention  to  intiodaGO  the  reader 
I  to  the  court  of  itie  BiitUh  King  vtho  flounshed 
in  tlic  middle  of  the  6rst  century,  it  may  be  as 
well,  perhaps,  to  make  a.  brief  remark  on  tlio 
state  of  eivilizBtiou  in  this  island  at  that  tim«. 
One  hundred  years  had  now  elapsed  since 
Cicsar's  inTasion,  and  daring  this  period  many 
Koman  stations  bod  been  established  here,  and 
conHtant  intercourse,  friendly  or  hostile,  had 
subHistcd  between  the  Britons  and  their  con- 
querors. In  the  description  which  Tacitas 
gives  US  of  the  destruction  of  Camelodonum 
at  the  commencement  of  Boadicea's  revolt,  be 


loa 


stokshrncik;  or. 


I 


mentions  temples,  and  theatres,  and  council 
cbanibers,  as  existing  tliere ;  and  hints  that  the 
strt-ots  were  more  remarkable  for  the  beauty  of  ■ 
the  building,  thsn  for  the  defence  which  they 
afforded  tiic  inhabitants.  In  the  progress  of  his 
narrative  of  this  event,  he  also  relates  that  ae~ 
vcnty  thousand  persons  were  slidn  in  the  cities 
of  London  and  Verulamium,  in  ponsequence  of 
their  attachment  to  tiie  Hoinans ;  from  which 
may  be  inferred  the  populousness  of  those  places 
and  their  connection  with  their  foreign  allies. 
Indeed,  this  unrivnllcd  liistonan  has  not  left  the 
progress  of  civihzaHon  to  mere  inference ;  for 
lie  has  expressly  told  us,  when  narrating  events 
which  luippened  a  year  or  two  subHequent  to 
this  period,  that,  at  this  time,  the  Britjuns  hud 
acquired  a  taste  fur  luxunes.* 

As  the  territories  in  whicli  our  tale  is  laid 
were,  as  yet,  unconquercd,  however,  Roman 
refinements  had  exerted  only  an  indirect  in- 
fluence over  them ;  and  had  not  disjilaocd  those 
primitive  manners  and  customs  wliich  were 
soon  to  pass  away  for  ever.  Here  and  tlicre  a 
mind  more  elevated  than  tlie  common  order,  had 


I 


I 


ru.^grif.i.  16. 


THE    ROMANS   IK    BRITAIN.  109 


caught  the  rays  of  cirilisation,  and  seemed  to 
rejoice  in  its  own  solitary  brightnoxs ;  but  the 
'  crowd  WIS  teft  in  darknuss  below,  for  the  illu* 
mination  wsis  by  nu  mcaiiit  general.  Among 
these  more  fuvoured  individuals  was  the  King,  to 
whose  court  we  have  conducted  our  hero  ;  who 
was  no  other  than  Arriragus,  the  British  Hector; 
not  unknown  to  the  Roman  Satirist  Juvenal, 
and  not  unsung  by  his  native  chroniclers  :— 

Wui  neier  King  more  hifthty  magnifiJe, 
Nor  dmldc  of  Romuia,  thot  wu  Artira^. 

•  PENfEK. 

Arviragus  was  the  son  of  Cymbelinc,  orer 
whose  historj'  Shakspeare  lias  thrown  such  a 
halo  of  glory.  Who  has  not  read,  and  who, 
having  read,  can  ever  forget  the  fortunes  of 
Arriragus  and  his  brother ;  stolen  from  their 
father  by  a  banished  courtier,  and  educated  as 
peasants,  until  their  innate  magnanimity,  burst- 
ing through  the  trammels  of  rusticity— asserted 
its  chum  to  those  dignities  of  which  they  had 
been  unlawfully  deprived  ? 

Wiien  was  the  inborn  greatness  of  a  noble 
mind  ever  so  magnilicently  developed  as  in  that 
drama ;  or  so  bcautiliilty  apostrophized  as  in 
the  following  hnes .' — 

O  thon  Goddrtt, 
TlMu  diriM  Ntturt,  ho*  thyulC  Uiou  blaxoa'at 


no 


ktokkubnob;  ob. 


In  that  two  princely  boyt '.     Tliry  are  (Cotla 

Aa  xc|il.jr»,  blowing  b«low  ihe  riolcl. 

Not  WHf  Ktii(t  liU  twcvt  hnd :  tail  yti  u  rangbi 

Tlieir  iDjral  blood  rachaTd,  m  Um  rtxtcu  wind, 

Thil  by  ihv  lop  doth  ttkc  tlic  uiouaulo  pins, 

Aad  amkc  blm  ilonp  to  Uic  viilr  !    Ti«  vonderful 

Tliit  >n  Inrklbic  inKlnct  thociM  Inrae  ihtm 

ToroyaUy  unlurnrdi  honour  tiolanfbti 

Cirility  nut  Men  from  other ;  r^our, 

That  vildly  grows  in  iIipid,  but  yield)  a  cr«p 

Aa  If  It  bad  b(CD  *oireri.  cvMk.  act  4,  a.  S,  ' 

Such  was  the  davm  of  Uiat  day,  wbicb  was  now 
in  its  meridian  ;  xntl  Imppily  lie  w)io  thus 
watched  and  described  that  danm,  was  stiU 
alive  to  mark  nnd  to  rejoice  in  tlic  perfect  day. 
Belarius,  the  banished  lord,  nlio  had  stolen 
the  young  princes,  but  who  had  made  coni)>en- 
_«ation  for  the  theft  in  the  education  n-hidi  he 
bestowed  on  them,  is,  in  sooth,  the  reno- 
nblc  bard  whom  1  have  mcnUoncd  under  the 
name  of  old  Morgan : 

Mya«ir,  ndnriiiD,  ilml  nm  Marr*n  ratl'd, 

Tbey  take  fat  natural  fiiljer.  cvmbbumk. 

Aa  old  Morgan  was  no  unimportant  persoQ^e 
in  the  court  of  Arvintgu-s,  1  must  now  en- 
deavour to  make  my  readers  better  acquainted 
with  him.  and  1  do  nut  know  that  I  can  de- 
scribe him  so  well  in  any  other  Utnguagc  as  in 
tliat  of  Spenser : 


TUB    B0UAK8    l.V    BRITAIN.  HI 


H*  n>  u  old,  M  man,  h*ir  blind 
Ami  >ll  ilnivpit  in  bis  fnbic  cone, 

Tel  liwiy  rigour  mud  in  Uli  ininil, 

Aod  rccompcnit  him  wllli  h  lii'IUr  Kont  ;• 

Wuk  body  wrll  a  cliangril  fur  mind'i  redoublMl  Torvc. 

Thn  mu  or  infinite  rcmcmbnince  wtm. 
And  Ibingi  totvgKinr.  tlir^uKb  manjr  Bjcra  hdd.  * 

VTbich  hf  n'Ciirrtrd  Hlill  u  Ihcydid  pui, 

N«  tuffrrcd  llicm  to  ptriali  ibrniiKli  long  rid, 
Ai  &il  thingi  eU  the  wbieh  ilic  icitrld  iluih  vrtil. 

FABBV  gtrssM.  B.  2,  CAN,  9,  t.  U. 

This  venerable  s«ge,  whose  early  life  hud  been 
I  spent  in  camps  until  his  body  vca.%  marked  with 
[Roman  swords,  and  who  had  heeii  banished 
I  from  tlie  court  ai  Cymbeline  upon  a  false  ac- 
I  Cusatiori ;  had  lived  in  comparative  soIitu<Ie  and 
exile  for  twenty  years ;  when,  tutored  by  ad- 
I  versity,  a-t  he  admirjibly  expressed  it,  he 


'  lii'trd  *t  h»ni-Jt  rrcriloiii ;  p«iJ 


More  pious  drbti  to  bmt-cD,  Uian  in  all 

Tbc  fore  end  of  hit  linw.  cvmbblink. 


On  the  restoration  of  Arvirtigtis  and  his  elder 
[brother  to  their  roynl  rank,  and  to  the  arms  of 
]  their  delighted  father  Cymbeline,  Bclarius  was 
[reinstated  in  his  confiscated  possessions:  hav- 
[ing  first  parted  with  his  dcnrcr  treasure,  the 

*  "ScoTM,"  utcli*n|e. 


us 


stosebenob;  ob. 


two  young  princes,  with  this  tearful  bened>c- 
tion,  addressed  to  his  sovereign; — 

GndaiHilr, 
Her*  an  j^our  *nna  apin  -,  tai  I  mual  tOM 
Two  of  the  iirect'tC  n>cn)HHiion( in  the  woridt 
The  brncdiKioa  of  th«e  corrrlng  buTeu 
Pull  «B  ihclr  btnila  like  (lev  i  tor  lliey  arc  wonky 
Tftinlax  bravgn  wHIi  liar*. 

With  this  pntlietic  invocation  in  our  romcin- 
brencc>  it  will  nut  appear  xurprixing,  tliat  on 
tlic  succession  of  Arviragux  to  the  crown,  the 
good  old  man  could  not  remain  absent  from  the 
court  of  his  pupil  and  adopted  son ;  who 
kindly  made  but  one  condition  on  receiving 
him  into  his  household,  namely,  that  be 
ahould  retain  hix  assumed  name  Morgan, 
aa  being  the  one  most  famihar  to  him,  and  rfr- 
<^ing  to  his  memory  the  paternal  lundnen 
witli  which  he  had  tended  the  youth  of  hinuelf 
and  hrotlier.  Here,  then,  ho  was  spending  on 
honourable,  and  by  no  means  idle  or  useless, 
old  age ;  the  bard  and  chronicler  of  the  nation, 
the  coundllor  of  the  King,  and  the  tutor  of  hit  ^ 
children.  | 

But  it  is  high  tinae  to  proceed  to  the  dinner 
table ;  fur  if  wc  prolong  our  intioductions  the 
dinner  will  be  spoiled. 


THE    ROMANS    IN    BBITAIN. 


113 


The  King  determined  to  welcome  the  Arch 
Druid  and  his  newly  discovered  relative  with  a 
|lrJlospital>le  entertainment ;  and,  therefore,  com- 
manded  that  the   principal   members   of   hw 
household  should   be   summoned,  which   was 
done  by  striking  a  particular  boaa  of  a  lat^c  cir- 
HcuUr  shield  which  hung  in  his  hall.  The  disdam 
^■or  steward,  upon  whom  the  duty  of  supervising 
^Vthe     necessary    preparations    devolved,     was 
basily  employed  in  seeing  that  the  seats  were 
duly  sprinkled  with  an  infusion  of  vervain,  to 
make  the  guests  merry ;  nnd,  what  was,  per- 
haps,  of  more  importance,  in  superintending 
I  the  cooking  of  the  venison,  which  was  dressed 
by   being  laid   upon   a  bed  of  flaming   fern, 
covered  with  a  layer  of  smooth  flat  stones,  and 
■nothcr  of  fern  above  it.     If  the  duties  of  this 
distinguished  peritonage  were  arduous  and  re- 

■  S|>un.sible,  however,  he  had  his  reward,  as  may 
be  inferred  from  the  following  privileges  at- 
tached to  his  office: — He  ranked  Itigh  in  the 
royal  household,  was  supplied  with  three  gar- 

Iments  from  the  royal  wardrobe,  and  had  a  share 
of  the  royal  beverage  from  every  cask,  in  the 
following  singular  proportions — as  much  plain 
ale  as  he  cotdd  reoclk  with  his  whole  middle 
£nger  immersed ;  as  much  spiced  ale  as  covered 


J 


114 


stotteiienob;  or, 


I 


his  finger  plunged  in  as  faros  Uie  second  joint; 
aiidmeacl  to  tlie  first  joint  1  M 

Tlie  tables  grunncd  under  the  weight  ot 
venison,  swine's  flrsh,  and,  indeed,  almost  ercr]r 
spedes  of  animal  food,  except  hares,  hea*, 
gee^e,  and  (ish ,  (I)  ThcKingsat  atascoall  table, 
a  little  more  elevated  than  the  otlicrs,  at  tlie 
upper  end  of  the  hall,  and  at  his  right  hand 
were  the  Arch  Druid  and  Pudcns ;  Hoacrana 
and  her  favourite,  old  Morgan,  on  the  left.  A 
few  chidf)  and  nobles  of  distinguished  rank 
lat  at  anotlicr  tabic,  over  which  Brcnnus  pre* 
sided,  as  the  pettU/u  or  mayor  of  the  ]mUce. 
and  below  them  were  ranged,  according  to  their 
right  of  precedence,  the  great  ofiScera  of  the 
household,  whose  number,  inclnsire  of  tlie 
Bard,  amounted  to  twenty-four.  Among  these 
was  the  Qrand  Falconer,  whose  office  was  not 
only  so  dignified  as  to  make  him  a  meet  com- 
panion for  royalty,  which  sumetimes  coode- 
soended  to  rewanl  extraordinary  success  in 
sport}  by  holding  his  stirrup ;  but  wns,  likewise, 
deemed  so  important  that  he  wax  restricted  to 
three  draughts  of  strong  liquor  at  the  King's 
tolile,  lest  intoxics.tion  should  cause  him  to 
forget  his  master's  hawks !  A  little  l>clow  bim 
in  rank  and  situation,  was  tlie  Silentiary,  whose 
duty,  (and  it  was  by  no  means  a  sinecure),  con- 


TIIK    ROMANS    IH    BRITAIN. 


115 


BUted  in  interposing  to  prevent  rude  or  «xce.s- 
■ive  noises  in  the  hall,  by  striking  «  column 
with  his  wand.  Tlirn  c&mc  the  pcn-cenydd,  or 
SDWter  of  the  King's  hounds,  the  mcddyd,  or 
nted  tnaker  to  his  loajestjr,  the  cneddys,  or 
royal  physiciati,  the  Htewanl,  butler,  and  cook ; 
and,  not  to  forget  a  very  important  dignitary, 
whose  rank  was  considerably  above  that  of  the 
royal  phystdan,  the  gmilh  !  But  it  would  be 
tedious  to  enumente  all  their  ofiiices ;  suffice  it 
to  say  that  tlie  King's  but«her  was  neither  for- 
gotten nor  despised ;  die  curator  of  the  lights 
|>eld  ■  conRpicuoUK  xUition  ;  and  the  porter  was 
considered  as  one  whom  tltc  King  delighted  to 
honour. 

The  King  was  arrayed  particularly  sump- 
tuously on  t]iis  occasion.  "  Ilis  head,  tlte 
likeness  of  a  kingly-cruwn  bad  on,"  consisting 
of  a  fillet,  worn  over  hi»  long  curly  hair, 
•domed  witli  two  or  three  rows  of  pearls,  or 
aporry  Britixh  diamonds.  His  beard  was 
sliareii.  but  he  liad  lung  mustachios  on  his 
Up ;  a  gold  torque  of  elaborate  work- 
iship  ornamented  bis  neck,  and  he  wore  a 
ring  on  bia  middle  finger.  Ilis  tartan,  or  plajd 
luntc,  was  chequered  with  clilfeTent  colours,  as 
were  also  his  braticv,  or  breeches ;  varying,  in 
thit  reipeott&oiB  those  of  the  nobility,  whoso 


116 


btoneiience;  or, 


I 


garments  consisted  of  five  colours  only  ;*  and 
over  his  tunic  he  wore  a  short  blue  cloak,  called 
a  8aic  or  Hagam.  He  also  wore  pcntagona] 
wooden  shoi;4  ornamented  with  studs,  and  a 
girdle  decorated  with  little  devices  in  gold,  from 
which  was  suspended  a  silver  chain,  to  which 
was  attached  a  knife  having  a  handle  curioosly 
carved  out  of  the  tusks  of  tlie  widrus. 

Pudviis  VIM  obliged  to  appear  in  the  Roman 
mihtary  habit,  for  his  wardrobe  was  not  particu- 
larly well  supplied.  However,  choice  could 
scarcely  have  improved  tliat  which  was  the 
result  of  necessity ;  fur  his  toll  manly  figure, 
dark  locks,  and  radiant  black  eyes,  assorted 
well  with  hisajrray. 

There  was  something  whidt  struck  Pudens 
as  being  very  remarkable  in  tlie  costume  of 
flome  of  tlie  courtiers,  namely,  the  close  ainu-  ■ 
larity  which  it  bore  to  that  of  royalty.  Thus 
the  porter's  septi-oolored  robe  differed  no  other- 
wise from  the  King's,  except  in  its  not  appear- 
ing ao  new.  This  phenomenon  was  thus  ei* 
plained : — The  mayor  received  three  royal  suits 
|>er   annum ;    ttiesc   suits,   after   having  been 

*TIif  Kinir  and  Qatra  nlftht  baTs  ■erca  colour*  in  Ibtir 
tad»i  Ui*fr*duaU*,bari«i  •■■ilav»lt«,iii|lDn]*ii«d  Udir*  ' 
Btc;  offiMn  unit  ]roui>|  gvniUintD  of  quality  ibnc  (  maiaa 
■oldier*  iwa  i  aod  commun  ptoplv  one. 


I 


I 


THE    ROMANS    IN  BRITAIN.  117 

worn  till  th«  arris's]  of  a  fresh  supply,  devolved 
upon  tiie  sUvranl,  anil  from  liim  <lcsccndc<l  to 
the  liutler,  and  so  on  in  rotation,  until,  (wear 
and  tear  excepted,  as  uur  lauyerv  say,)  they 
invested  tlic  outward  nian  of  the  porter,  or, 
perhaps,  some  less  dignified  personage,  hia 
predecessor's  coat  advanced  to  wear  ! 

After  the  meats  were  removed,  and  while 
the  mead  was  still  in  circulation,  instead  of 
immediately  calling  upon  old  Morgan  fur  hiB 
song,  An-iragus  seeing  the  curiosity,  not  to  say 
mistrust,  wliicb  the  presence  of  his  guest  iti 
Koman  armour  seemed  to  excite,  introduced 
Pudens  to  them  in  a  speech  aa  kind,  but  not 
as  courtly,  as  that  with  which  Philario  intro- 
duces Poslhumua  to  his  friends  : 

Hart  toat*  the  Briion  i  In  bini  Iw  ao  nnirrtiitnrit 
aman^il  joa,  as  luiti,  wilh  genUciurn  of  j-oar  br(Fdio|:, 
ID  ■  itrangcr  of  hii  (|uiiUly.  f  bnrcch  jrou  all,  be  bctlcT 
kii»wo  to  Ibi*  Kcndcniin.  vbnin  I  coinmriiJ  ui  you  *■  ■ 
niililc  Trirnd  el  tnln*;  tiow  wnrtlry  hr  i>,  I  will  Into  lo 
■ppcnr  brrnflrr,  raider  Ibiin  Uoty  him  >n  kin  own  hrnring. 
CTMBELINB,   «<1    l,e<.'BNB   i. 

He  did,  however,  story  Pudens  in  his  own 
hearing,  so  far  as  to  relate,  or  to  advert  to  some 
of  the  more  remarkable  passages  of  his  eventful 
history,  and  to  request  him  to  favour  tlie  com- 
pany with  the  details. 


IIB 


btonebknor;  or, 


T)i«se,  which  were  told  hjr  thidcnSf  with 
tew  exaggemtions  as  an  honest  treyoUcr  would 
make,  and  with  all  tlie  spirit  of  a  gcncrous- 
liearted  youtti,  neither  cunccitcd  nor  diHidcnt, 
excited  general  applause;  so  mucli  so,  indeed, 
that  the  ardent  young  chief,  seizing  him  by  the 
hand,  interrupted  liim  in  the  midst  of  one  of 
his  narratives,  and  insisted  upon  the  whole 
assembly's  immediately  drinking  a  huge  pota- 
tion of  ftpioed  mead  in  honour  of  the  British 
stranger.  But  no  one  seemed  to  feel  more 
interest  in  the  relation  than  Koscrana.  As  she 
listened  with  her  fncc  upturned,  and  her  large 
blue  eyea  fixed  on  the  speaker,  her  motionless 
ringlets  betokened  her  attention,  iind  the 
changes  which  passed  over  her  countomoce,^ 
evinced  her  interest  and  sympathy.  H 

Another  ample  potatioTt  of  mead  followed 
the  conclusion  of  tlie  story ;  and  after  ■  tittle 
general  conversation,  and  remarkn  on  the 
lumative,  a  strain  was  called  for  from  old 
Morgan's  lyre.  The  venerable  bard  was 
cheered  by  the  warm-hearted  encoumgoments 
of  Brennus  ;  and  after  a  few  preliminary  notei^  i 
utd  «  brief  invocatory  kind  of  prelude,  fai  ■ 
which  he  interwove  the  must  affectionate  prayer 
for  tite  monarch  and    his  family,  mentioning 


TIIK    ROMANS    IN    BHITAIS'. 


119 


lis  daughter  under  the  metaphor  of  a  ftunh«am, 
tsent  to  dissolve  the  anow  of  old  age,  And  w«l- 
tcoroing  Pudens  as  tlic  bright-helmed  stranger, 
rto  their  halls  and  their  shells,  and  praying 
^that  the  mildew  of  lienven  might  never  sully 
:  shield ;  his  K;cd  couotcnancc  grew  grndually 
nore  radiant,  and  hi»  voice  and  hand  less 
'  quarering  and  tremulous. 

The  burthen  of  the  song  was  the  early  Ufe 
and  adventures  of  Arnragus,  and  a  particular 
instance  of  valour  which  he  had  displayed  in  a 
contest  with  Vespasian,  the  future  Emperor  of 
Rome,  in   which  he  had  lust   a   brother  and 

Ijncd  a  CTOwn. 
S  ' 


la  Bumbrn  high,  the  witching  laic 

Tbt  pMt  pOUc'cl  kluilK) 

No  sflcr  bsnl  might  cVr  «Tiil 
TboM  aumbFrt  to  prolong. 

Ytl  fngmcDla  ot  the  lofty  slrain 
Plo«1 44IWT1  lb«  tide  of  yrtn. 

At  hiioynnl  nn  Ihv  itoriiij  aiaia 
A  inrtcd  wrfck  nppcurt. 


From  these  fraginenls  we  collect  the  follow- 
ng  brief  pitrliculurs  : — Guiderius,    the  elder 
brother  of  Arviragus,   who  succeeded  to  the 
Lthrone  of  his  fnlher  Cymbeline,  having  refused 
pay   tribute    to    Konie,    his   realms   were 
i-aded   by    Aulus   Plautius,   and  afterwards 


i«r 


«to\bbengb;  or, 


by  the  Emperar  CUadius  in  person  (K).  In 
tlie  course  of  this  iavasion,  a  battle  was  fought 
near  Southampton,  between  Vespasian  and 
Guidcrius,  in  wfaicli  a  Roman  in  British  dis- 
guise entered  the  ro^al  camp  and  slew  the 
King.  Arvirngus  perceiving  the  death  of  bis 
brother,  nnd  fearing  the  diacoura^ng  effect 
which  it  would  hare  upon  the  army,  aaaumed 
the  mynl  biinner,  nnd  his  brother's  crown  and 
xbield,  and  revenged  his  death  in  a  decirirc  ■ 
victory  over  Vespasian,  whom  our  chruniclen 
say  be  would  bare  shun,  but  fur  the  timely 
succour  of  his  son  Titus  (L).  Tlie  heroic  feau 
performed  by  Arviragus  in  tills  encounter,  the 
Terror  of  which  made  the  traitor  who  had  as- 
sassinated his  lirother  fall  upon  his  own  awoni, 
were  the  theme  of  the  poet's  inspiration ; 
and  some  antiquaries  have  supposed  that  it  u  A 
in  reference  to  this  vietory  of  tlie  Briton  that 
the  Roman  courtier  Vciciito  wishing  to  flatter 
Dumitian,  nnd  to  extol  his  valour  above  that 
of  his  father  Ves])n«ian,  promises  him  that  he 
ahall  unhorse  Arviragus. 


I 


I 


RcBPm  ktinucoi  cKpIc*,  tot  il«  UiDonr  BrlluiMt 
Kxtidrl  ArvinfuB, 

lUT.  MT.  4.  at. 


TBB   ROMA^8    IN    BRITAtN'. 


121 


Kiny  thi-r  hi*  new  lord  (hall  oira, 
Orfrvm  hit  ftritiih  Hmrini  hi'n^I'KuK  l!if»*'n. 
Tin-  proud  An-inj;!!!  come  tumbling  duirn. 

I  am  nfraid  that  this  terec  rccapitiiUtioii  of 
tlie  «v<^tK  which  formed  the  subject  of  old 
Morgan's  song,  will  not  cx«te  hy  any  means 
so  much  interest  as  did  liis  well-strung  IjTe. 
I  had  indeed  thuiiglit  of  attempliitg  a  transla- 
tion of  his  wild  strains  j  bat  I  remembered 
that  Shakspcare,  and  Spenser,  and  Wunlsworth, 
had  htboured  in  this  harvest  of  tnidilional 
poetry ;  and  my  little  sheaf  bowed  down  in 
homage  to  their  nobler  ones. 


Til*  Dilfthlirat  chiefi  of  Biitiih  tong 
Scoro'd  not  luch  Irg:«iid>  to  pra)on|;  t 
Tbry  gUhia  throuj^h  Spcnur'i  •clfia  dream. 
And  Diix  lu  MUton'i  huTrnlv  thtiiie. 


sriiTT. 


Without  the  poet's  fire,  however,  the  poet's 
harp  had  better  he  left  to  be  swept  by  the 
winds ;  and  who  that  had  witnessed  the  effects 
produced  by  old  Morgan's  spirit-stirring  verses, 
would  hope,  in  these  unimpassioned  days,  to 
emulate  them  ?  Glowina:  as  he  proceeded,  he 
seemed  to  communicate  to  his  listeners  the  in> 

VOL.    I.  0 


13S 


STDNKIISNGS  ;  OR, 


Bpiration  whidi  he  fdt.  Bvery  breath  was 
)iUNh«<I  to  thfi  whirlwind  shock  of  battle 
described.  Martial  ardour  beamed  firom  the 
eyes  of  the  youn^  warriors ;  and  big  tears  of 
generous  denpair  gushed  from  the  eyea  of  the 
elder  chiefs,  at  tbe  Tecapitulation  of  exploit:!  for 
which  they  now  felt  that  thoir  arms  were  nn-^ 
nerved  by  age.  ^ 

Tlie  deep  pause  of  silence  which  foUnwvd, 
wxs  broken  by  tbe  young  chief;  who,  riaing  to 
replenish  tlic  shells,  expressed  the  wish  t)ut 
tbe  whole  Roman  nrmy,  with  Civsar  at  their 
bead,  were  at  their  gBies,  to  affon]  them  an 
opportunity  of  shewing  whether  ihey  were 
interior  to  their  ancestors  in  courage  ! 

When  old  ^[o^gBn's  task  was  done,  he,  tha 
Arch  Druid  and  Uoscrann,  withdrew ;  but  the 
harp  piissed  from  hand  to  hand,  and  Arviragux 
himself,  who  was  no  mean  performer,  sang  a 
spirited  piece,  descriptive  of  Cuisar's  fimt 
repulse  from  the  British  coasts. 


I 


He  dyd  liU  TcnM  kfnp, 
or  Cunf  rouc|iicr'(1.  niii)  liin  inlKl>t]r  hoatf. 
And  bo*  Dtd  Tyojnn  ticcroiuiincing  kyofc, 
Wfnk'd  all  till  aliitipliiit  on  ibc  Brltiah  COMW, 
And  inadv  hliii  in  tiii  (alUr'd  liMki  lo  Bi«. 
Till  TjrDj-ui't  dnth  ud  oppDrtunitj'. 

rHiiTTBRtos'i  SiiTTlK  or  nti1IX< 


TUB   BOilAKS   IN    BRITAIN. 


123 


i^ 


The  mead  a»  well  as  the  harp,  tiowever,  con- 
tinued to  drculttte ;  and  soon  the  sung  was  as 
little  regarded  as  the  reiterated  blows  of  the 
silentinry's  wand  aijainst  the  pillar. 

Bed*  of  straw,  with  woolly  coverlets,  were 
inged  tip;>n  the  floor  of  the  dormitory ;  and 
thither  Fitdens  rctiied  while  he  was  able;  but 
1  blush  for  the  honour  of  my  ancestors,  that  a 
n^rd  for  truth  ulibgcs  tne  to  stnte,  that  in  this 
laudable  act  he  was  in  the  minority ;  and  that 
by  far  the  greater  number,  among  whom,  alas ! 
bWBs  our  friend  the  young  chief,  were  found 
^hnder  their  aeaLt  at  break  of  day,  where  they 


Tliirk  «  aulumntl  le*tts  t)ul  itrov  Ibi  braok* 
la  ValUmhtMa,— 


Pp' 


until  made  to  perceive  the  evil  plight  in  which 
they  were,  by  the  entrance  of  the  porter. 

We  may  supjjose  tliis  dignified  fanctuary, 
hose  hi^h  and  importtnt  office  it  was  to 
irovide  fresh  rushes  for  the  dour,  and  to  kindle 
tlic  fire  in  the  hall,  asked  these  princes,  poten- 
tates, and  warriors,  as  Satuu  erst  asked  his 
myrmidons,  whom  be  found  in  a  still  more 
FKwkward  predicament,  whetlier  they  had 


o  3 


124 


BTONSHENGE  J    OB, 


■  eboten  ttiia  pUtcc 
Aftvr  the  toil  oifiaitixg  to  rcpoM 
Tlitir  wearied  Tirtue,  for  the  eiK  tbcf  found 
To  tlunilrer  there  ? 

And  we  will  hope  that  on   being  similarly  in- 
terrogated, 

ThcT  henrd  and  wm  abaik'd,  while  up  they  sprung. 

HILTOM,  V.  ■..,  BOOK    1,    P.  II. 


» 


THB   ROMANS   IN   BRITAIN. 


125 


CHAPTER  11. 

I  (poke  of  iDMt  diiMlniai  chhttcc*^— 
V  noring  kccuIfbU.  hj  Ockod  nod  Held  { 
Of  liur4rMdih  'tcapci  i'  lUe  Immlntot  deadly  bmcli  j 
or  btiog  akttk  hy  the  iniolcnt  he. 
And  lold  lo  tUmry ;  of  niy  mlcmplioa  thenor^ 
And  portanK  in  mjr  UaTela'  liiatorjr  i 

TbiM  Alogt  lo  tuair, 
IVoiild  nmiilfviuonn  wriuonljr  inclinR  : 

•  »  "  •  • 

She  larcd  mi!  for  tbr  dan^ra  I  hud  pisicd  ; 
And  I  liivi-rl  \icT  lliDt  ihe  did  pily  ilinni. 

oTnr.i.i.o,  *<rT  I,  »c,  3. 

Tub  conviviality  of  the  rorai  tablv  was  not 
so  bannk'ss  in  its  effects  upon  Pudcns,  as  his 
comparative  moderation  might  have  justified 
him  in  expecting;  for  tlie  wound  tn  his  shoul- 
der which  he,  as  well  as  his  historian,  had 
almost  forgotten,  was  found  on  the  morrow  Co 
be  very  much  inflnmcd.  His  jwle  and  fevered 
countenance  attntctcd  tlie  nttention  of  Arvi- 
ngus.  who*  on  being  informed  of  the  caus^ 
told  him  that  he  must  submit  to  two  or  three 


9I« 


RTONEIIEVGK  ;    OR, 


days'  uninterrupted  repose ;  and  ailded,  that  he 
would  not  act  unwisely  in  placing  liinixclf  under 
the  medical  care  of  Koscraiia,  who  irui  wrdl-  m 
acquainted  with  tlio  nature  of  almost  every 
plant,  from  the  trefoil  to  the  mistletoe.  *  Hti 
household  surgeon  he  said  could  abscize,  aiH' 
patate,  or  cauterise;  hut  as  his  retuunervtiod 
wu  the  garment  soiled  nith  blood,  he  was 
thought  to  excel  ut  those  ciise«  in  which  the  U 
blood  flowed  rather  freely.  f 

Pudens  very  resignedly  sabmittcd  himself 
to  the  care  of  his  young  and  beautiful  iiurM; 
who,  attended  by  her  herbn-oinnn.  tJw 
archetype  of  the  functionary  who  at  the  pre- 
sent day  scatters  herbs  before  the  King  at  a 
coronation,  proceeded  to  examine  the  wound, 
and  to  prepare  the  neirenwry  medicaments. 

Whether  it  was  that  the  wound  was  of  a 


I 


*  To  the  reader  fkcniliar  wilh  irorki  of  roRiniKw,  ii  *ni 
not  ii|i|>ciir«t  ull  ciUaonlinary  lli*l  Rairnm*  ww  ■  pco4rim 
in  l)u  licahiig  nrl;  for  in  tlic  lain  of  cblralry  we  rrW,  dui 
tlw  niuH  d«p«nite  woasdi  wrra  brnleil,  ■*  woU  tu  ^td^kt^t, 
hy  ll>«  U'tin.  Dut  Ihi*  nccoinplitbinrnt  *■•  ncqairril  iovf 
before  tbv  ii^v  uf  rliintlry,  ut  niiy  br  infvrrol  Troui  U» 
proficiency' «r  one  of  Omihii'i  c»nt«ni|>nnnn,  wSlfb  h  ibut 
iktcribed!— "She  can  dole  the  wcxiiiJ  of  til*  labuBl^  (bi 
hnow*  the  biitin)[-pUfr  of  every  herb  of  Ihr  muuntkiai  *■) 
■bo  know*  ulicr<;they  WnlVc  lliclr  hcadi  bj  lb*  hanki  u| 
the  McrN  tlrMiiit." 


I 


I 


THB   BOUANS    IN    BRITAIN.  12/ 

more  serious  nature  ttwn  wss  at  fintt  appre- 
liended,  or  from  some  otlier  oausi^  I  wilt  nut 
take  upon  mc  to  determine  ;  hut  Dcrtain  it  is> 
that  it  required  firqucnt  dressing,  Etnd  that  the 
dressing  was  a  very  lengthy  operation:  al- 
though to  jtidge  by  tht:  putioncu  with  which  it 
was  suhniitled  to,  by  no  meiuut  painful.  An* 
other  singular  symptom  remains  to  be  men- 
tioned, namely,  tliat  the  nearer  I'udenn 
approached  convmiesccnt'c,  the  more  dilatory 
the  process  became ;  tliis,  however,  1  presume, 
■rose  from  t)ie  wise  eatition  of  Koscrana, 
knowing  that  patients  require  more  care, 
■inasmuch  w  they  are  more  venturesome, 
Hthe  nearer  they  approximate  to  a  pvriect  reoo- 
Jreryi 

B     Aa  violent  exercise  was  interdicted,  Pudeiis 

^  could  not  accompany  ^Vrviragua  or  his  son  on 

tlieir   hunting  excursions,  which  formed  their 

principal  amusements ;  and  as  the  Arch  Druid 

was  much  occupied  with  his  arrangements  in 

t  providing  an  asylum  for  hb  religion,  his 
principal  companions  were  Koscrana  and  old 
Morgan.  He  oould  only  repay  the  kindness 
and  assiduities  of  the  former,  by  he^iting  the 
time  spent  in  her  society  with  Itie  description 
of  the  different  countries  in  which  he  had 
spent    his    ruving  life,  and    the  adventures 


■      B|K:ilfc        LI  I 


in 


128 


vtonebknoe;  or« 


which  had  befullen  tiim; — but  will  it  appew 
surpnzing  that  KoNcmia  seemed  bcradf  b 
this  manner  wctl  requited  fur  nil  her  laboani 
lie  who  would  think  bo,  roust  have  furtoeda 
ver}'  different  opinion  of  wofnaa's  lieart  fntn 
that  of  Shakspcarc.  Bcsidea  the  'ronaatk 
adventurer  of  I'udens,  and  besides  tlie  fine  figure 
of  the  narmlur,  tliere  was  m>  much  refinemenl 
and  delicacy  in  his  manners,  so  much  informs 
tion  in  his  eloquent  conversation,  and  sncli  an 
delation  and  comprcthensiveness  in  his  princi- 
ples and  views — more  especially  when  coin[>arcd 
with  those  of  the  persons  with  whom  Ros- 
erana  had  been  in  the  dally  habit  of  oonvenu^ 
— that  she  listened  to  bim  as  to  a  being  of  a 
tiighcr  order.  'I1ie  gods  do  not  regard  man's 
ojferinga  with  Indifierence;  nor  did  Pndeos 
receive  with  upatliy  Uiat  incense  of  all  others 
the  mo«t  flnUeiing — the  homage  paid  to  intel- 
lectual superiority  by  a  woman  cu)Kthle  of 
appreciating  it! 

Pudctis  regarded  Roscmna  with  an  inteivst 
which  it  would  be  difficult  to  describe  He ' 
viewed  Iicr  as  an  innocent,  generous,  bcae- 
tiful  girl,  who«e  charming  simplicity  aeeawd 
tl>e  only  thing  which  identified  her  as  a 
member  of  tlic  unpolished  society  in  which 
,  ahc   moved ;     but    whose    superior     gentle* 


I 


TUB    NOUANS    IN*     BRITAIN. 


IJ'J 


I 


nc«3,  and  occasional  diipUy  of  cxtnordhiary 
mciital  eiidowinenU,  threw  a  line  of  risible 
iliminctton  b«t«-ecn  her  and  her  utsoci&tes. 
Slie  resembled,  indeed,  one  of  the  satellites  of 
the  planet  Saturn,  connected  in  appearance 
and  local  proximity  with  the  parent  sphere; 
bat  separated  from  it  by  a  wide  and  radiant 
barrier,  and  seeming  rather  to  belong  to 
BBOther,  and  a  loftier  system,  than  to  be 
fllniuDscribed  by  the  same  atmosphere. 

The  nordty  of  the  drcumstaocea  in  which 
Pudcns  found  himself,  and  the  uncertainty  of 
the  future,  whicli  seetiied  to  be  tinged  with 
the  myiteriousness  of  the  post,  did  not  allow 
him  to  obtain  a  distinct  vicv  of  his  situation, 
or  to  form  n  settled  plan  of  action.  Hi* 
de*tinieti  \ccme<l  involved  in  too  much  ob- 
•curity  for  htm  to  wUh  to  connect  them  with 
thoae  of  aity  one  he  lored  ;  and  yet  he  eould 
oot  forbear  hojiing  that  they  would  not  be 
distantly  severed  from  those  of  Koscrmna. 

'lite  case  was  somewhat  of  a  leas  negative 
character  with  Koscrana.  She  was  a  child,  in- 
deed, in  years,  but  she  had  reached  the  age  at 
which  females  were  considered  marriageable 
:tn  Britain,  and  her  mora)  and  inlelleclual 
character  erinced   singular  precocity ;  so  that 

03 


130 


KTONKIIKIftiS  ;    OK, 


in  her  aflTectionti  athe  dispUyed  at  once  tlic 
Btmplicity  of  a  girl,  and  tlie  fervency  of  ■ 
woman.  Pudens'  adventures,  the  «rond«n  d* 
Rome,  ami  the  raannors  of  the  Komnn^.  seemed 
at  first  to  protniw:  an  inexhaustible  theme  (or 
ootiversation ;  but  attliough  RosciBnn  seemed 
never  weary  of  listening  to  her  compuiiaa'* 
perKona]  iiarralive,  yet  tlie  more  rrmjaeDllj 
till;}'  converged  togctluT,  the  less  curious  ^e 
becaine  about  Home,  and  the  more  anxious  to 
knovrwhat  Pudens  thought  of  Britain.  Often 
(lid  she  artlessly  suppose  that  the  masnitic^nl 
palaces  of  Rome  must  have  caused  him  to 
despise  the  meanneas  of  her  father'a  oak- 
shaded  dwelling. 

One  day,  in<lee(t,  she  gave  ■  touching 
display  of  innocent  passion,  altliough  she  was 
perfbctly  uncunscioua  of  the  feelings  which 
prompted  her.  Having  tastefully  arranged  a 
little  posy  of  flowers  which  she  considered 
scarce,  she  presented  tlicm  to  Pudens,  asking 
him  playfully,  '*  if  Rome  had  such  ftowen  u 
those?" 

it  happened,  unfortunately,  that  Pudcn« 
caught  sight  of  a  rose  which  had  been  gathered 
from  a  tree  sent  to  Roscrana  by  some  ac- 
quaintance of  her's  at  the  Roman  station  at 


I 


TlIK    ROMANS   IM    BRITAIN, 

Venta."  tlie  parent  tre«  having  been  brought 
over  fnm  Italy,  by  irame  colunist  resident  tltcre. 
The  flower  was  deemed  a  great  rarity  by 
RoBcraiiB,  although  neither  she  nor  Pudeiitt 
knew  that  the  rose  was  an  exotic  to  Britain. 
Pudens,  therefore,  ansirered,  that  "  Rome  had 
her  roses,  indeed,  though  none  !to  sweet" 

This  htilc  piece  of  gallantry  softened,  but 
could  not  Hubduc,  the  niorti6cation  ot*  Ros- 
cnna,  on  reflecting  that  she  could  not  lind 
anytliing  norel  in  ber  own  country — not  so 
mudi  even  as  a  rose;  and  turning  a&ide  to 
a  httle  pet  lamb,  that  was  following  hor,  she 
gave  Tcnt  to  her  girlish  feelings  in  tears,  which 
she  endeavoured  to  conceal  by  kisiting  and 
caressing  her  woolly  fat'ourite,  and  hiding  her 
£act  in  its  deecy  neck ;  at  the  same  time  utter- 
ing this  iMsaiotuite  addreKs:^"  Ah!  my  httle 
lamb,  they  have  ererytliing  that  u  beautiful  at 
Rome,  except  rach  a  dear  httle  creature  as 
you." 

Thia  simple  anecdote  will,  it  is  not  impro- 
bable, draw  down  upon  our  heroine,  and  per- 
haps our  author,  the  sneers  of  those  who  live 
in  a  more  artificial  state  of  society;  but  the 
apprehension  is  nerertht-lesa  not  suJScieiitly 
•WiKbnMr. 


133 


hto.n'UIIKNCe;  or. 


i 


awful  Co  deter  me  from  the  ntentioQ  of  this  ge- 
nuine expreitsion  of  unaffected — un8oplu9tic«U(l 
nature. 

But  it  must  not  be  supposed  UiatBU  Pudem' 
time,  even  dunng  his  convalescence,  was  spent 
in  conversation  with  Roscntiw ;  her  tutor, 
old  Moi^ii,  hod  hix  full  sliare  of  attention. 
It  hud.  for  niuny  years  i>a^t,  been  Uie  priiidptl 
nmuseinent  of  this  ve.nerable  bard  to  weave 
his  oountry'A  traditions  iulolays;  and  now  it 
n])i»:nTed  U>  t>e  the  delight  nf  his  extrcnte  «gc 
to  communicate  what  lie  hud  tiiiu  acquired. 

Aa  this  legendary  lore  wbs  more  nord  to-| 
Padcns  than  to  «»y  of  the  faaiily,  he  naturallf 
listened  with  more  attention,  and  repaid  the 
narrnlivc  with  warmer  plaudits;  consequently 
he  soon  became  an  especiid  favourite  of  the  old 
bard's.    As  might  be  expected,  he  knew  but  M 
little  of  the  early  heroes  of  his  country,  except  ^ 
of  the  daring  courage  of  *'  Cassibelan," 


Fmdous  in  Cmar'i  prsiici.  an  whit  lea* 
Tbu  in  bi*  Tcata  dcwrrlnf  it ; 


J 


and  of  the  manly  bearing  of  Caractacus  before 
his  conqueror  at  Kume.  which  had  been  the  uA- 
mimlion  and  theme  of  the  Koman  historiiuu ; 
but  no  longer  pica  forignoranee  now  remained;] 


THR    ROMANS    IN     BRITAIN. 


133 


fur  the  half-blind  minstrel  found,  in  his  harp, 
hisgTvatcst  solace;  nnd  long  practice  had  taught 
him  to  sweep  its  stiings  so  swcetlj*.  tl»t 
Pudcns  began  to  foci  the  most  %'ivid  interest  in 
these  national  strains.  Sometimes  he  would 
ti&tcti  to  the  warlike  exploits  of  Cassibelan, 
how  that  he  vras 


I 


once  at  point 
OgigtatfiftUMt  lo  uintUr  C«tar'>  •vord. 


At  other  times  the  more  peaceful  politics  of  his 
hrother  Lud,  (from  whom  London  wtiich  he 
had  rebuilt  derived  its  primitive  name  Lud's 
Town),  would  form  the  subject  of  the  song 
divine.  But,  with  the  exception  of  his  favourite 
theme — the  inndents  of  the  early  life  of  Ilia 
sovereign,  to  which  vrc  have  adverted  in  a 
former  chaptor-^nothin;;  seemed  to  make  old 
Morgaui's  patriotic  pride  swell  more  trium- 
phantly tliiui  c'lntrastiiig  the  fratrlcidul  conduct 
of  Romulus  and  Uemus  with  tlie  mitfrnaiiimous 
conduct  of  the  brothers  Artegal  and  Klidure. 
Tlie  siweet  poeny  witii  which  Wordsworth  has 
adorned  the  history  of  the  two  British  chiefs, 
liardiy  surpasses  that  of  the  jtatriarchal  bard. 

In   this  manner  did   l*udens  spend  many  a 
pleasant  hour  in  company  with  the  old  mtn- 


134  ST0NKHBN6B;   OB, 

strel  and  Roscrana;  fostering  the  bruised  genns 
of  patriotism  till  they  had  recovered  from  the 
eflecta  of  their  early  transportation.  "  At 
last,"  to  have  recourse  to  the  B&cting  lan- 
gusige  of  Spenser,  which  I  acknowledge  I  can 
never  repeat  without  deep  emotion, 

At  lut  quite  riTliht  with  delight  to  hears 

The  myal  offipriaft  of  hi*  nstlTC  laod. 

He  cryde  i  deir  couotTT  I  O  how  dearly  den* 

Ousbt  thy  remembraiice  and  perpetnal  bwtd 

Be  to  thjr  foiter  ehilde,  Uiat  from  thy  band 

Did  common  breath  and  nouriture  receavs  ; 

How  brutish  i>  it  not  to  underBtand 

How  much  to  her  we  owe  tbit  all  uk  gave. 

That  gave  unto  ui  all  whatever  good  we  hare. 

F#ER¥  CUBEH,  B.2,  C,  10    V.69. 


TUB    ROMANS    IX    UBITAIN.  135 


CHiVFfER  III. 

UljrwM^  with  ■  bnvr  (mbm, 

I'dM  lIieiD  Ohio  ilul  iiiildljr  >ii]r, 

Tlic  nine  1>  tuiiir  wbrn  nc  iui»l  pari; 

My  hoDoar  colli  ms  Ikucf  away. 

PirDRNfl  K^emei)  to  make  daily  progress  iii 
I  the  esteem  niul  nifeclion  of  tlie  tnmily  of 
kArvingus ;  for  he  nut  only  renOered  his  sudcty 
very  agreeahte  to  Koscrana  and  llie  liard,  but 
lie  also  contrived  to  ingratiate  hintaelf  in  an 
espedal  manner  with  the  King.  Arviru^us  vmi 
a  polite,  warlike  prince,  and,  90  far  from  de- 
spising the  youth  of  Pudens,  drew  from  him 
ft  great  deal  of  information,  very  uiteful  to  hin] 
Mid  his  subjects  ;  particularly  as  to  tlie  Romatt 
mode  of  warfare,  and  tlie  art  of  furtilication. 

Nor  did  I'udens  tail  to  obtain  the  friendship 
of  Brcnnus,  whose  manly  ainusemenU  he 
shared  as  soon  as  his  health  allowed  him  to  do 
so.  On  one  of  these  occasions  a  little  in> 
tadent  occurred,  which   totally  obliterated  the 


196 


mONBHSN'QB  ;    OU, 


somewhat  unfiivoaTalile  impression  wludi  tlie 
invalid's  partiality  to  the  peaceful  pursuits  of 
old  Morgan  and  his  &ir  pupil  bad,  at  first, 
made  upon  the  young  warrior. 

I'udcns  and  Brcnnus  vcrc  one  day  trying 
thtir  dexterity  in  throwing  the  javelin  in  the 
presence  of  Roscrana,  whom  they  had  ap- 
pointed tlicir  arbitrcss.  The  young  chief,  taking 
liis  stand  at  about  fifty  sliides  from  a  rude 
%urc  of  a  wolf  cut  in  wood  and  fixed  on  a  ■ 
pivot,  which  served  as  a  mark,  hurled  his  un- 
erring weapon  so  precisely  to  the  centre  that 
tlie  figure  remaitieci  stationary !  Pudens  now 
advanced  with  liiti  braisen>headed  missive,  and, 
finding  it  impossible  to  surpass  this  throw  in 
precision,  took  his  aim  at  the  wolPa  head, 
thinking  that  he  should  display  the  force  of  tLe 
btov,  aa  well  as  the  correctness  of  his  aim,  by 
making  the  figure  revolve  on  its  centre.  Jtut 
as  his  hand  was  upnused  with  the  weapon,  and 
he  had  said  "  To  Uic  head,"  a  real  wolf  rushed 
by  at  a  Httlc  distance  beyond  the  goal,  bearing 
away  Itoscrana's  pet  lamb.  She  screamed,  and 
her  brother  shouted;  but  Pudcns  seising  the  op* 
portunity,  hurled  his  javelin,  with  all  his  might. 
at  the  depredator,  and  actually  pinned  him  to 
the  earth  by  the  naj>e  of  his  neck.     The  young 


TUB    ROMANS    IN     BRITAIN. 

diHrf  testified  hU  applause  by  a  long  vocifera- 
tion ;  and  Roscranii,  with  more  humanity  than 
[  Oftution,  ntn  to  secure  her  little  favourite.     Vn- 
Drtunatcly,  in  cn(I(^nvoari^g  to  rescue  the  Iamb, 
I«he  iiberatcf]  the  wolf,  vrbJch,  as  the  javelin  had 
lonly   penetrated   the   skin,   was    but    slightly 
jn-uunded,  and  immodiiitely  tunicd  upon  her. 
idenx,  seeing  her  dnnEfcr,  flew  to  her  relief. 
Ijind  having  smcd  the  fell  beast  by  the  throat, 
jrew  its  fury  upon  himself,  and  a  violent  strng- 
ie  ensued. 
Our  hero  having  no  weapon  tu  inHirt  a  death 
'  Wound,  his  only  expedient  was  to  maintain  his 
grasp  unUI  h«  had  strangled  his  assailant;  which 
was,  to  the  meantime,  tearing  his  flesh  with 
ht»  claws.    They  lu^c;ed — they  plunged — they 
rolled  over  each  other ;  but  although  the  agonies 
of  death  rendered  tJie  writhing  monster  more 
clc)(|>entte,  and  hn   nnbi^ntst's  strength  wns 
waning  from  tlte  prutraetion  of  the  etfurt,  and 
from  loss  of  blood,  I'udens  did  not  reUix  his 
liuld  until  his  enemy  had  yielded  up  his  life. 

Brennus  had,  during  the  latter  part  of  this 
conflict,  been  leaning  on  his  javelin,  at  a  Uttlc 
distniine,  enjoying  the  spectacle,  and  refusing  to 
interfere,  although  implored  so  to  do  by  the 
cries  and  tears  of  his  sister.     "Now  give  me 


^ 


las 


stonbiiemob;  or> 


your  hand,"  Mid  he  to  Pudenx,  as  soon  u  it 
KM  o^tiTf "  I  never  saw  >  mauli  better  fought 
in  m)*  life,  and  I  did  not  like  to  deprive  yoa  of 
the  triutnjili ;  or  I  would  have  ended  it  much 
sooner  for  you.  But  were  I  in  your  place," 
he  continued,  "  I  would  never  cramp  up  my 
limbs  ill  nrmour  if  I  could  fight  u>  well  without 
it.  I  nni  afraid,  however,'*  he  added,  "  thit 
here  \%  nnotltcr  wcvk's  laak  for  your  nurse — 
what  ssy  yoa,  Koscranar"  H 

RoBcnina's  reply  was  prevented  by  Pudcnc, 
who,  M  iic  arranged  his  soiled  vestments,  laai 
smilingly  to  her,  "  Nay,  my  kind  nurse,  be  not 
alarmed,  I  have  only  received  a  few  scratche* ; 
hut  even  if  1  had  lie«n  more  scrioualy  ban, 
I  could  not  have  nllowcd  you  more  than  twenty* 
four  hours  to  ntten<l  me;  for,  at  tlie  end  uf  ib*l 
time,  I  must  take  my  leave  of  your  hospitable 
house." 

"That  shall  never  be,"  said  Brtnnus,  **  ytn 
shall  have  whatever  is  oura  to  give :  a  ne* 
cbanot(M}  shnll  be  made  for  you,  as  bandsomr 
as  roy  father's  which  you  bo  much  admired  :  tou 
ahall  choose  your  horses ;  and  you  shall  sbarc 
my  dogs,  my  bovs  and  arrows,  my  haodng 
spears,  and,  indeed,  you  shall  have  whatenr 
you  like ;  but  you  shall  not  leave  us."     Pudenc 


I 


TUB    BOlIANi    IN    BRITAIN. 


I3» 


ftuuretl  him  tliat  Ihc  Arcli  Dniid  had  made  his 
iimm{;ein«itts  to  part  on  l)ie  murruw,  and  Uiat 
he  tntist  accompany  him. 

The  idea  of  {larting  had  never  before  been 
Keriouily  contemplated  by  Roscrana ;  and  she 
M'ept  now  beoause  she  reflected,  for  ttie  6rst 
time,  that  such  a  thing  was  possible;  nor  were 
her  tears  the  lens  hitter  on  account  of  her  liaving 
just  witnessed  the  dangers  to  which  Pudctis  had 
exposed  hiiuscU'  for  bcr  sake.  He,  for  whom 
thoM  taaia  flowed,  felt  a  strange  uneasiness 
St  ■edng  her  weep :  but  was  less  allected  at 
this  tight  than  by  licr  urtlessness  in  not  at- 
tempting to  conceal  Ihetn,  or  to  di^uisc  the 
cautc.  Site  add«I  her  expressive  intreatics  to 
the  more  rade,but  not  lets  sir.cere,  persuasions 
of  her  brother ;  and  told  Pudeoa  that  she  had 
joat  been  pbiiining  in  her  mind  that  she  would 
ask  him  to  instruct  her  in  the  Latin  language ; 
and  that,  in  return,  old  Moi^n,  or  herself, 
would  tench  him  to  play  on  the  harp. 

These  frieiidly  invitations  of  hi«  family  were 
very  warmly  seconded  by  the  King;  and,  al- 
though th<-y  were  not  successful  in  inducing 
the  Arch  Druid  to  cluinge  his  purposes,  yet  he 
ooniented  to  leave  bis  son  behind  bim.  He 
would,  indeed,  hare  gladly   remained  until  his 


140 


stongbenge;  or. 


son's  fortunes  had  suiitumcd  a  more  settled 
chufacter,  but  t)iat  lie  well  knew  tlint  it  U  tou 
late  to  fly  for  refuge  when  the  citadel  is  be- 
sieged ;  and,  thcrcfure,  ho  resolved  to  curry  off 
his  pallaclium  while  it  was  prHCticable.  He 
felt  less  unwillingucfls,  too,  to  pumue  tfait 
jonrney,  long  stul  [lerilous  as  it  might  be, 
alone ;  not  only  because  he  thought  that  it  «u 
not  impossible  that  Pudens*8  services  m  a 
mediator  between  Arvirogus  and  the  Roouiu 
might  sQun  be  called  into  requisition  ;  but  be- 
cause he  also  thought  that  his  son's  on-n  in- 
terests might  be  best  promoted  by  prolon^in: 
his  residence  in  hts  present  hospitable  ([uuten. 
Aocustomed,  as  he  was,  to  scan  the  heart,  sod 
well  acquainted  nith  all  his  suhtleticH ;  he  itcf^ 
cdvcd  and  understood  the  nature,  and  probably 
consequences,  of  the  growing  attaclimcnt  be- 
tween Itoscrana  and  Pudcns,  lung  before  citbtr 
of  the  parties  concerned,  or,  indeed,  any  one 
besides  himself,  had  susjiectcxl  its  existence. 

He  did  not  depart,  however,  until  Ue  had 
used  his  most  strenuous  endeavours  to  pcrnude 
Arv'iraguH  immediately  to  send  an  nnhnroMC 
to  ttie  Romans  to  explain  tJie  ciTx:umsta[ice8  of 
the  late  affray. 

"  May  Taranis  send  one  of  his  bolts  throagh 


^< 


THE    ROMANS    IN    DRITAr.V. 


my  ca^qtie,  ere  I  do  that ;"  said  the  |>ruu(l 
chief.  "  If  the  Romans  have  any  thing  to 
complain  of,  I«  Uiem  Kctid  to  me." 

'•  Niiy,"  !ui(I  the  Arch  Druid, "  thou  Itnoweat 
lie  severity  of  Suetonius,  and  that  he  is  like  a 
bull  hayed  into  niadncu  by  that  cur  of  a  pro- 
curator, and  will  turn  his  harm  agiiinst  the  first 
^who  crosses  bis  path." 

^M    "  I<ct  him  turn  his  horns  against  me,  tJien," 
^nid   Arviragas,  fiercely;   at    the    same    time 
"clenching  the  handle  of  a  loi^  hunting-knife 
hung  at  hilt  side;  "and   I  will  sec  whether  I 
,     cannot  shorten  them  a  little." 
^P    The  Arch  Druid  found  that  it  was  in  vain  to 
~  attempt  to  make  the  spirited  prince  promise 
any  thing  which  he  deemed  would  compromise 
his  independence ;  but  he  did  not  foil  to  im- 
press upon  him  the  importance  of  strengthen- 
ing  himself  witli  all  the  alliances  in  his  power, 
and  of  being  prepared  for  hostilities  sllould  any 
such  arise. 
^^     A  person  less  acquainted  with  human  nature 
than  tlic  .Vrcli  Druid,  and  wishing  to  promote 
the  union  between  his  son  and  Kosnrana,  would 
[bare  felt  himself  in  duty  hound  to  deliver,  by 
iTray  of  parting  advice,  a  lengthy,  dogmatical 
IdisconrM:  on  the  eligibility  of  the  mutch ;  hut 
Afch  Druid,  on  the  contrarj-,  said  not  a 


U2 


STONKIieNOB:    OB, 


word  on  the  sulijrct  tu  Pudens,  but  Ntgadoiul; 
hinted  to  the  old  bard  that  the  adventures  ot 
his  iton  nould  be  nn  unmeet  suhjrct  for  fan 
lyre ;  well  knnn-itig,  that  by  making  a  man  ■ 
hero  yon  innke  him  irros'tKlihIt:  tu  the  (mt. 

1  will  not  describe  the  iwrting  xccnc,  for  it 
vns  n  sad  oitc :  the  rcnernhle  Druid  liked  t»t 
the  Bcvemncc  of  his  new  parental  tie,  and 
Pudcns  felt  more  on  the  occasion  than  be  had 
anticipated  ;  but  Arvimgus's  family  vere  m 
pleased  with  this  fresh  mark  of  thoir  inmatr't 
ooii6dcncc,  in  casting  himself  and  his  fortune* 
entirely  upon  them,  that  they  did  all  in  their 
power  to  amuse  him. 

Among  all  his  amusements,  however,  there 
was  none  which  afforded  him  more  pleasure 
than  his  new  task  of  Latin  preceptor.  Koi- 
crana  was  not  wholly  ignorant  of  Latin,  having 
acquired  a  partial  knowledge  of  it  in  her  in- 
fancy, from  her  grandfather  Cymbcltne,  who 
had  spent  much  of  liis  youth  in  RoR>e,  and 
having  been  further  impro^'cd  itk  it  by  old 
Atiirgan,  who,  in  earlier  life  had  been  thrown 
much  into  Itoman  society.  It  is  not  surprising, 
tlicrefure,  that  as  it  was  luercly  re-opening  m 
old  Teiit,  she  seemed  to  make  a  rapid  prograa 
under  Pudena's  tuition.    She  wat  i 


1 


Tiie    BOMAN8    IK     BRITAIN. 


U» 


k 


hjippy  than  when  liHtoning  tu  the  frafmenls  of 
Roniun  hUtory,  v)iic)t  iie  would  read  or  rc3«tc 
to  her;  and  wlititi  pUyfully  etdlod  upon  tu  re- 
iiiiinvrate  him  for  itiiecdoles  nf  Lucretu,  or  the 
Mutlicr  of  the  Gracchi,  the  would  hcnTc  uii 
uncnilal-forkigh  thnt  nhe  had  nu  hcUcr  heroine 
ttinn.  perhapN,  Cord«liit,  the  dutiful  dau»litCT 
of  old  King  liCsr.  But,  oh,  who  rouhl  hear 
the  touching  story  of  that  sweet  *'  chihl  of 
iwtUK  meek,"  ta  Wordsworth  style*  bcr, 
liynmnl  by  one  m  lovely  **  tierMlf,  ami  nnl 
prefer  the  beautiful  aimplidty  of  tlie  Mrain,  lo 
the  nioro  liigldy-wrought  hiBlory  of  thi-  Btemer 
ivirtura  of  the  Roiniin  mmruns  } 

Delightful,  hntTcvcr,  as  were  the»c  pursuits, 
tbdr  influence  was  tou  enervating  for  uian  who 
is  bom  to  Itcsr  and  to  act.  There  is  a  moral 
in  the  talc  of  tlio  enchantress  Calypso ;  and 
PudeiiK  might  as  well  have  been  east  upnn  her 
isle,  AS  becalmed  in  this  sea  of  piriuurc,  which 
would,  probably,  have  been  hia  fate,  hut  for  a 
singular  little  inndent,  which  deserves  mention. 
Among  the  curiosities  with  which  the  kind-hcArt- 
ed  chieftain  soui^ht  to  amuse  his  gtiei^t,  and  the 
display  of  whidi  alTorded  himself,  at  lea«t,  as 
much  pteaturc  an  the  sight  of  them  did  Pudens, 
was  an  old  Roman  swon),  red  with  rust,  lijccd 


144  STUN'EHEN'GS;    OS, 

in  a  shield  which  it  h&d  h&lf-clefl  in  twun ! 
Tiie  shield  was  highly  omsnientei),  and  had, 
doubtless,  belonged  h>  some  Briton  of  dis- 
tinction ;  but  there  was  nothing  remarkable  in 
the  sword  to  enable  any  person  to  divine  what 
hand  had  wielded  it.  "  There,'*  swd  Brennus, 
pointing  to  the  relic  with  conscious  pride, 
"  there  is  the  sword  which  my  great  uncle 
Nennius,  wrested  from  the  hand  of  JaUni 
Ceesar(N).  It  cost  him  his  life,  it  ia  tme,  but 
it  was  worth  that  to  disarm  Ciesar  !  I  will  send 
old  Morgan,  however,"  be  added,  "  to  tdl  yos 
ail  about  it;  fur  he  is  never  tired  of  making 
songs  upon  it,  although  I  am  sometimes  tired 
of  listening  to  them."  So  saying,  with  his 
usual  impetuosity,  he  bounded  off,  and  left 
Piidens  to  his  own  reflections. 

It  seemed  as  if  the  sight  of  this  relic  had 
touched  some  master  chord  of  Pudens'a  heart, 
whicli  awoke  into  thrilling  energy  emotions 
which  had  long  lain  dormant ;  as  poets  &in — 

Tlic  sntil  of  niiiiic  sliiuibers  JD  the  shell. 
Till  wHkeil  Hnd  kindled  by  the  mslter'i  shell. 

RnCBat. 

He  stood  gazing  ui)on  this  trophy  for  some 
moments,  and  his  eyes  filled  with  tears  as  be 


TUB    KOUANS    IN    BRITAIX. 


145 


rcTolrcd  ill  iiiii  mind  the  eventful  career  of  its 
once  mighty  possessor,  and  oontrasted  the 
iinmorto]  ftune  of  Cocsar  wilJ]  his  own  galling 
obscurity.  "  Oil,  CiBsar,  Ceesar,"  lie  burst 
forth  at  last>  "shall  n  Briton  deem  death 
cheaply  purchased  to  disarni  tlice ;  und  shall 
1,  to  whose  ears  thy  explbitx  hnvc  been  fAiniliar 
front  infancy,  and  whose  lieiirt  even  nuw  beats 
with  tlie  same  love  of  glory  ns  prompted  lliee 
to  dbcorer  a  new  world  in  order  to  vunquer  it ; 
sltatl  I  slumber  in  the  very  scene*  in  which 
thou  didst  gathcf  tliy  laurels  ?  Furbi<l  it, 
ye  Gods  t  I  ask  not  fortune,  but  deny  me 
not  fame:  I  aak  not  for  a  long  life,  but  oh,  let 
not  my  name  perish  !" 

As  Pudens  thought  himself  unobseo'ed,  he 
uttered  the  latter  part  of  this  pas&ionate  apos- 
trophe aloud;  and  old  Motion,  who  was 
crccpinf;  along  with  the  silent  step  of  decrepi- 
tude, overheard  it.  "  Oh,  sock  not  fame  witit 
such  eagerness,  my  son,"  said  he ;  "  it  u  an 
unxub^tantinl  tiling ;  it  is  like  tlie  lightning — it 
burns,  hut  warms  not ;  it  dazzles,  but  lights 
nut ;  and  it  too  ofteji  destroys  the  cloud  which 
^ves  it  birtli." 

Pudens  blushed  at  being  thus  surprised,  but 
aoon  recovered  htnis«ir,and  with  great  readiness 

VOL..   I.  II 


btoskiiknok;  or, 


pursued  the  bard's  simile,  "  Yes,"  said  he, 
"  but  func  resembles  the  lightning  in  anoUter 
particular,  which  you  have  not  aieiitioned : 
tJicjr  aic  both  kindled  in  hcaroa  !'" 

"'hvc,"  said  the  banl,  pleased  with  tbe 
thouglit,  as  tretl  aa  vith  the  Tecling  whtcli  tti' 
apired  it;  "the  love  of  fame  is  a  gift  of  the 
gods,  and  partakes  of  their  dirinc  nature,  and. 
in  moderation,  purifies  the  sou),  even  as  lim 
liglitiiing  olears  the  air.  Nay,  more  than  tJiat," 
he  added,  "alter  musing  for  a  moment  or  two^ 
it  seoma  to  vouch  the  truth  of  what  we  DnuJs 
teach  aatothc  immortality  of  the  soul ;  for  why 
should  a  youth,  such  as  thou,  rush  on  death  fv 
the  sake  of  glory  if  there  were  not  somcthinj 
within  which  tells  him  that  tlie  worm  doth  not 
destroy  all  ?  lie  knows  well,  I  ween,  that  hii 
helpless  coqwe  will  httle  hist  the  bray  of  tlie 
herald's  trump,  ^^'hat  then  should  tempt  hisi 
to  throw  away  the  elialice  of  life,  when  he  lis* 
scarcely  raised  it  to  his  lips,  and  thinks,  b 
the  simplicity  of  his  heart,  that  it  is  tilled  to 
the  brim  with  bliss  ?  What  should  tempt  hire. 
I  say,  to  dash  it  aside  almost  untasted,  were  it 
not  that  nature  tells  him  that  his  aoul  U  im- 
mortal  ?" 

Hie  eloquent  old  man  ponued  this  atnia 


TUB   BOUANB   IN   BRITAIN. 


147 


much  further,  as  it  v&s  particularly  bis  wont  as 
dcacri)>c<l  l>y  SliakEp<:arc, 

To  dnw  hiio  ■  proAt  from  kU  thiap  W  mw  ; 

but,  perhaps,  sonae  of  my  readers  li&re  the 
same  horror  as  Brcnnus  had  of  any  thing 
prosy,  and  we  will,  thcrcfoTe,  give  him  the  sUp 
as  Brennus  did ;  only  adding  that  the  sight  of 
Oesar's  sword  socmod  to  inspire  Podens  with 
a  new  impdae  and  fresh  energies,  which  dc- 
vdoped  tbemselres  in  planning  »voral  iro- 
provenKnts  in  the  royal  domaius.  Here  the 
river  was  to  be  widened,  there  deepened ;  this 
marsh  was  to  be  drained ;  that  hill  to  be  levelted ; 
roftdi  were  to  intersect  tliem  ;  walls  to  surround 
them ;  towers  to  defend  tbero  ;  and,  indeed, 
the  whole  place  was  to  bo  changed  from  a 
Jritisli  palace  to  a  Roman  fortification. 


U  3 


148 


VTONRIIENOE;  OS, 


CHAPTER  IV. 

WLIU  Hip  •on  tliinct  wilh  prtn  ti|thl, 

Upon  DiKiIrn  and  kDirPii  1  »hM  decUra 
Tbe  lav  or  nigUt  accordins  to  right. 

riuc  (be  kiog'i  *eit  Uue  ftDd  aqu«n. 
Let  ncn  mruurc  tor  Juatlcc'i  Mkc 

Be  ptren  tn  liirtit  of  (>o<I  inil  niau, 
Thit  Ihc  pldintiiT  hia  eomptaint  may  make. 

And  llir  diiffniliinl  anavor — If  )|0  <*n. 

rju.GaATE'a    nitc   «Hn    i-muorbi*     or    tub     chcum 

MMMoIiKULtll. 

Soon  after  the  Arch  Druid'a  departure.  Ai- 
viragus  and  his  judges  held  a  royal  assise;  <i 
which,  AS  it  is  curioos  to  observe  the  laws,  aod 
tlirough  thciD  the  manners  of  nations  in  their 
infancy,  wc  shall  giro  a  brief  account. 

The  first  day  of  nssiu:  was  spent  at  tlic 
King's  house,  in  oHscsNiig  and  rccciring  tbt 
crown  rents,  and  also  certain  lines  and  ser- 
vices similar  to  tlie  copyhold  heriots  of  moden 
times ;  and  a  more  stirring  scene  has  rarth 
been  witnessed  than  ushered  in  tliat  moninf' 


THB   ROMANS   IN    DBITAIN. 

The  rrealcing  of  wicker  wagons,  the  loiring  of 

oxen,  and   tlto   din  of  a   thousand   disputing 

Toicea,  awoke  Pudena  at  break  of  Any;  who 

naturally   enough  supposed   ttiat  some  battle 

must  have  been  recently  fought,  and  that  the 

victors  wore  returning   home   laden  witli   the 

spoil.     He   hastened  to   make  inquiries ;  but 

instead  of  Slicing  the  King  arrayed  in  the  sc- 

coutrciDcnts  of  war,   bn   saw   him   attired   in 

more  than  usual  state,  and  one  of  Ma  most 

distinguished  subjects  holding  his  feet  in  his 

bosom,  and  rubbing  them  with  a  flcsh-brush ; 

I      this  personal  service   being  the  tenure  under 

[     which  ho  held  bis  hinds ! 

^b    I'he  bustle  which  had  disturbed  bis  slumbers, 

^he  was  informed,  was  occasioned  by  the  arrival 

j^of  two  or  three  uchelwyrs,or  high-men,  to  pay 

^■fcheir  rent  in  kind ;  and  the  nature  and  extent 

'     of  the  business  transacted  on  that  day,  may  be 

estimated  from  the  rent   paid   by  these  mag- 

nates,  each  of  whom  held  a  fee  of  about  one 

^Biuodred  acres  of  land    from  the  King,  for 

P      which    they  remitted   to   tlic   royal   stores    a 

I      horse-load  of  the  best  wheat  reduced  to  flour, 

,     one  ox,  a  l)arrel  of  mead,  nine  palms  in  length, 

^■ftnd  eighteen  in  breadth,  or  two  of  hragct,  or 

^^fniip  nf  common  ale,  and  168  equal  thrcavcs  of 


160 


ATOKKHKNCB;   OB, 


Mta  for  Uic  stable,  a  bow  three  yetn  oU, 
ft  salted  gantmon  three  inches  in  thicknesa. 
and  a  pot  of  butter  tltre«  pnlms  long  tnd 
tbrcR  broad  ! 

I'u  Uiese  great  men  Muoceeded  others,  bring- 
ing straw  and  wood  for  the  King's  bed  und  &n, 
bows  and  arrows  for  his  armoury,  and  houndi 
for  tlie  royal  kennel.  Those  who  brought 
manufactured  articles  of  provision,  wue 
obliged  to  take  them  to  be  weighed  or 
mensured  :  the  maues  of  butter  were  to  be 
u  large  as  a  certain  dish ;  and  it  was  india- 
peiuffthle  that  each  loaf  of  oatmeal  brad 
•liould  he  equal  in  breodtli  to  the  mcaasrc 
of  tlic  arm  from  the  etbow  to  the  wrist,  and 
so  thick  as  not  to  bend,  though  held  at  the  J 
extromity.  S 

Two  days  were  thus  consumed ;  the  third 
day  was  nppointcd  for  llie  hearing  of  causes, 
and  the  adjustmcDt  of  ditTcFenDcs,  before  the 
King  in  person. 

For  tliis  purpose,  Arvingus,  attended  by  hii 
Brawdyr  Llys,  or  Court  Justiciary,  uid  aoom 
of  the  ciders  of  the  state,  who  were  hereditary 
judges,  adjourned  to  Old  Sarum's  mound, 
which  was  called  the  Hill  of  Assemblies. 
Here  the  King  took  his  sent  in  the  open  air. 


TDK  mOMANS    IN    BRITAIN.  151 

■vrith  faia  buck  towards  the  sun,  and  hU  judgei 
•  little  l>clow  him. 

The  first  case  wai  one  of  murder,  in  which  b 
noble  waa  accusod  of  having  slain  a  brother 
peer.  Each  of  the  parties,  on  appearing 
before  the  King,  delirercd  up  his  son  as  a 
■(Itostage  for  his  father's  peaceable  submission 
to  the  mytl  sentence. 

»l1ic  accusation  having  been  made  in  the 
tnost  violent  and  mertacing  language,  it  behoved 
the  accused  to  establish  his  innocence,  not  by 
witnesses,  but  by  compurgators  of  a  certain 
»nnk.  The  testimony  of  twenty-four  nobles 
as  to  general  conduct  would  ha^-c  been  suffi- 
^nt,  although  Lhey  had  been  perfectly  igno- 
rant of  this  particular  transaction;  but  the 
culprit  being  unable  to  obtain  so  many  peers, 
proposed  substituting  the  oatlis  of  three  hun- 
dred common  men.  Nothing  could  exceed 
the  contemptuous  indignation  which  this  pro- 
posal drew  foTtli  from  the  aristocratic  accuser, 
who  branded  his  opponent's  ignorance  of  the 
nature  of  erideiioe  witli  all  the  opprobrious 
tenns  he  could  think  of.  The  oflTender  was, 
consequently,  condemned  to  pay  to  the  family 
of  the  deceased  sixty-three  cows  as  the  ffwerth, 
or  price  of  the  murdered,   answerrng   to  the 


3 


stoneiiknck;  ottj 

wercgild  of  the  Saxons,  and  the  suoceufal 
party  remunerated  the  assistant  judges  for 
their  favourable  decision ;  thereby  shewing, 
t3int  cheA])  jiiiiticu  is  qnittt  a  modem  crotebci 
in  England,  and  that — 


It  balh  of  ttlikii  liiu*  Imn  ordcincd. 
Tbr  igtiiniT  of  a  rioac  ihtill  hr  a  leaer  in  Uie  Milr. 


Serenil  of  the  retainers  of  the  condemned 
chief  were  aAumnids  tried  as  accessories   to 
Uie  crime ;  but   it    is   not  necessary  to  detail 
their  trials,  or  the  issue  of  them ;  suffice  it  to     . 
say,  that  our  forefathers  guarded  against  tbel 
"glorious  uncertainty  of  the  law,"    by    con-" 
ningly  defining   no  less  tlian   nine  qffarl/i  or 
stages  in   ttie   crime   of  murder,   to  each   at 
which  was  allotted  its  peculiar  penalty  (O). 

The  next  cause  vrns  one  of  a  more  singular 
cbaiacter ;  Wing  a  claim  to  an  estate,  alleged 
to  have  been  forfeited  to  tlte  lord  in  conse- 
quence of  a  widow's  breach  of  chastity.  Tlw 
Doblcman  won  powerful,  but  the  n-idow  was 
poor,  the  small  estate  in  question  being  lier 
only  means  of  sabsistenee.  Her  son,  who 
was  one  of  the  King's  herdsmen,  used  every 
exertion  to  muster  his  friends  on  this  oceosion; 


THB    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


153 


but  tie  had  «  fonnidiblc  foe  tooontcnd  against. 
T^ie  accuutioit  was  made  by  the  nol>Ictiitin  iii 
penon,  iiid  the  Mon  undertook  his  motJier's 
defence.  The  furmer  made  «n  artful  declama- 
tion, n-hich  watt  le.ts  conrincing  than  ditticult 
to  refute  ;  but  the  tatter,  witli  the  untaught 
eloquence  of  nature,  niado  a  passionate  and 
aSccting  apiieal  to  the  judges.  The  witnesses 
were  now  brought  fom-ard;  but  it  unfortuuatclj' 
happened  that  the  numbers  were  equal.  Two 
hundred  persons  swore  that  they  behcvcd  the 
aocuKed  guilty,  and  an  equal  number  swore 
tliat  tliey  believed  the  rererae.  It  was  the  law 
ill  such  cases,  that  unless  the  witnesses  on 
behalf  of  the  defendant  otitTuimbervd  those  for 
the  plaintiff,  the  former  should  lose  the  cause. 
Putlcns,  who  fand  anxiously  watched  the 
proceedings,  and  who  felt  inti-rested  in  tlie 
issue  from  being  slightly  acquainted  with  the 
herdsman ;  who  admired,  too,  the  noble  feeling 
wliich  he  had  displayed  in  liis  dutiful  defence 
of  his  rootlier,  had,  with  a  military  jjUnce, 
counted  the  numbers  before  tliey  were  atmoune- 
ed,ai>d  gallopped  off  unobserved  to  endeavour, 
with  the  nssistnnce  of  Brcnnus,  to  bring  to- 
getlier  a  little  parly  to  supi>ort  tlie  widon'^ 
cause. 

aS 


1B4 


htonkiiesor;  on. 


In  the  meantime,  the  King,  who  etHdentlj 
tndinnl  t«  the  side  uf  the  poor  womnn,  but 
could  not  give  a  legal  sentence  in  licr  favoor, 
proposed  to  the  accuser,  Uiat  as  the  c%-idcnrr 
was  ao  nearly  balanced,  an  appeal  stionU 
be  made  to  the  I^ogan  stone,  which  was  in 
|>articular  repute  in  «imiUr  casca.  A  ahoal  of 
applause  burst  forth  from  the  multitude  »l  th» 
propoMtion,  an  it  seemed  to  present  Another 
cUanct^  of  eftcajw; ;  but  the  accuser  refused  U 
resort,  to  this  test,  and  insisted  on  having  tht 
number  of  the  wttiiess«3  duly  announced,  and 
judgment  given  accordingly.  Seeing,  however, 
that  the  King  H'lut  very  reluctant  to  comply 
with  his  request ;  and  being  not  a  little  con- 
oenied  to  preserve  the  royal  favour,  as  he 
had  a  more  important  boon  to  ask  of  hit 
■overeign,  he  made  the  following  extruordinaij 
proposal — 

"  I  am  entitled,"  said  he, "  by  the  Uws  of  the 
great  Dunwallo,  Mulmutius,  and  the  miglitr 
Mania  (P),  to  the  cot  and  cairn  of  tliit 
woman,  and  to  dri\'e  her  forth  to  wander  likt 
the  spNrTow  who  has  lust  her  liest,  with  M 
Iwme  hut  the  green  varth,  and  no  friend  bat 
tlic  winds:  if,  however,  she  wilt  ride  ruttnil 
this  mount  on  n  black  ram,  in  the  direction  ia 


TBB    ROMANS   IX    BRITAIM. 


l&S 


I 


rhich  the  sun  rides  in  his  war-chariot  through 
the  clouds,  confessing  the  char^  to  be  tnie> 
her  land  shall  belong  to  her  and  hers,  as  long 
as  tlie  sun  melts  snow,  or  the  cuckoo  brings  m 
spring." 

Nothing  can  exceed  the  in<iignation  with 
which  the  son  listened  to  this  speech ;  and 
boundtn«  forth  at  its  close,  he  exclaimed, 
with  a  noble  vehemence, — "  May  the  eagles 
plurk  out  my  eyes,  and  ttie  wolves  tear 
my  I'mhs; — may  the  water  1  drink  turn  into 
blood,  and  the  air  I  breathe  into  fire,  before 
my  mother  shall  do  thus '." 

The  accuser,  though  irritated,  felt  awed  by 
this  burst  of  filial  indignation,  and  contented 
himself  with  coldly  demanding  his  right.  Hie 
crier  accordingly  proceeded  to  count  aloud  the 
I'liumbcrof  witnesses,  beginning  wiih  tlio^e  for 
the  accuser.  Two  hundred  was  tlie  number 
recorded  for  the  accusation.  He  then  began 
more  closely  to  count  those  on  behalf  of  the 
accused;  and  having  reckoned  one  hundred 
and  ninety-nine,  was  just  about  to  pronounce 
the  totail,  when  Pudens  returned  with  his  littlu 
party,  who  )niaiedi«teiy  joined  the  compurga- 
tors, and  swore  by  the  great  Teut,  (the  British 


1 


156 


8TONBIISNOB}  OR, 


McTcuiy,)  that  they  believed  the  poor  widow] 
innocent.      She  was  of  course  absolved  from 
tlic  chaxge,  and  continued  still  to  hold  the  land 
as  before;  papng  yearly  to  her   landlord  a  tow 
three  years  old,  nnd  a  reiHel  of  butter  three  ■ 
palms  square.  1 

The  story  of  tJie  black  ram,   howerer,  wts 
not  soon  forgotten.     It  gave  rise  to  a  tenure  fl 
by  n-liicli  latidit  are  still  held  at  JBnbom,  xa  the  ' 
picturesque    neighbourhood    of    Newbury    id 
Berkshire ;    and  which  has  been  hurnoroudy 
noticed  by  ttie  Spectator.* 

lliis  trirliiig  anecdote  of  tlie  black  ram, 
would  not,  tliough  of  itself  nthcr  curious,  hare 
induced  the  author  to  liaro  allowed  it  to  retard 
tlie  progreaK  of  the  narratiTe,  had  it  not  nfTordcd 
a  striking  illustratioTi  of  the  truth  of  one  of  old 
Morgan's  poetical  remarks.  The  Tenerabk 
bard  iras  creeping  fortli  early  in  the  momiag. 
when  Pudens  observed  to  him  that  it  mnst 
liave  been  rather  a  iieverc  frost,  for  that  wl 


m 


*  See  No*,  eu   nnd  €23,   purlkuUrl]*  the  Ullcr,  r«r  iW 
pi nciinl  «DTkinf  ol  il>i»  tftcirt  of  Uouri!  ' 

Till.-  nulbor  liii>  bom  Inrorniiril  tlmt  ilir  Kurl  of  Crana  It 
ilie  loril  of  tti«   iQanoT  in  vhich  IhU  tinfular  cii 
vftiU. 


TUB    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


157 


t  "^ 

Viranto 


*• 


ebs  seemed  to  be  stretched  across  their 
in  CTCTf  direction,  as  if  to  defy  their 
progrea. 

"  All,"  Bttid  the  >age,  "  he  vho  sees  tlie  xingic 
imcr,  an  isolated  and  unconnected  thing, 
'vantoning  idly  in  the  breeze.  Is  npt  to  forget 
that  Iw  is  giizing  on  thot  which,  in  a  few  hours, 
will  be  inwoven  in,  and  jierhapx  form  the  prin- 
cipal support  of,  a  most  complicated  and 
beautiful  fabric.  So  we  sometimes  deem  of 
f  little  or  no  importanoe,  some  passing  event 
which  proves  to  be  a  link  to  which  is  attached, 
^_  and  on  which  depends  our  future  cliaracter  or 
H  destinies  " 

^1     Hie  relevancy  of  these  remarks  will  be  better 
^^estimated  in  the  sequel ;  in  tlic  mean  while,  we 
will  resume  our  narrative.     The   manner  in 
which  Pudens  had  come  forward  in  the  widow's 
H  defence,  was  soon  known  to  the  multitude, 
H  with  whom  it  so   much  ingratiated  him,   that 
V  they  hardly  knew  how    sufficiently  to  evince 
their  approbation  of  his  conduct.    Tliej'  accom- 
panied him  home  in  a  kind  of  procession ;  and 
the  condemned  captive,  of  but  a  few   weeks 
since,  entered  the  royal  village  now,  like  a  hero 
returning  in  triumph. 


STO.NKIIKNOK  ;   UB, 


I 


Pu(i«ns  wait  fond  of  glor^',  and  not  invennble 
even  to  hs  nieancitt  species — popular  appUiue. 
His  ears  had  Imrdly  been  ref^ed  by  the  fthont*  ■ 
of  the  multitude  si noo  the  time  when  Ue.  haA 
heard  ihcm  in  the  Uoman  theatre,  on  the  oooa- 
sion  of  his  having  defended  the  General  Auliu 
Flautiua ;  and  the  diecrs  of  the  crowd  now 
recalled  this  scene  of  his  bovhood  (o  hi*  T^ 
tncmbrancc.  One  event  after  another  of  fab 
chequered  Ufc  passed  in  rcriew  before  him: 
and  as  he  reflected  on  his  present  situation,  he 
thought  thut  Fortuno  and  the  gods  would  not 
have  pratecti';d  him  in  all  the  emergencies  wlikb 
he  had  experienced^  had  not  Fate  some  brilliant 
destiny  in  reserve  for  him.  'I*hc  kindly  feeti^f; 
uf  the  crowd  taught  him  also  that  be  noed  no 
longer  remun  a  stranger  in  Britain  ;  but  thai 
tliere  still  remained  some  common  sympathiti, 
which  linked  him  nith  his  countrymen.  He 
sair  too  that  hy  gaining  their  atTections  be 
wast  n<-(iuinng  power;  and  he  began  to  oortndcr 
to  what  purpiiiies  that  power  might  be  applied. 
His  youthful  imogiiintion  indulged  in  visionvy 
Bi>eculiition)i,  until  hopes  lung  since  dormant 
were  rerived,  and  seemed  half  realixed ;  and 
lie  pnitited  MCeiieii  of  future   glory,   in    whiobt 


I 
I 


like  Cresar,  w1>o«e  sworJ  had  first  awskcnt-d 
tJiese  Kmbitioua  thoughts,  lie  pictured  himself 
trampling  on  Fate,  siid  dragging  Fortune  at  his 
chariot  wheels. 

Oh  !  the  crstatic  visionti  of  youth  '.  Th« 
most  hriliinnt  nwlitica  of  life  are  dull,  indeed, 
compared  with  them.  The  iUnsorr  tplendotir 
which  accins  to  hang  over  the  eommenceraent 
ofyniilh'it  career,  is  like  the  deceptive  glory 
of  tli«  rimng  sun  ;  though  the  orh  continncs  of 
tl»e  ume  real  magnitude  at  the  zenith  as  at 
the  horixon,  yet  as  he  advances  he  appears  to 
diminish  ;  ond  even  though  more  bright  at  bis 
meridian,  is  more  beautiful  at  bis  dawn.  So 
bouitiful — so  illusive— so  transitory,  was  this 
day-drvam  of  1*0 dens ! 

A  hunting  party  bad  been  planned  for  the 
mnrrow  after  the  assizes,  but  was  postponed 
on  account  of  the  arrival  of  the  lord  who  had 
been  the  widow's  accuser,  together  with  his 
son.  They  remained  with  tbc  King  for  aeveral 
hours  io  his  private  apartment ;  during  which 
time,  they  appeared  to  have  been  employed  in 
the  diseiiRsion  of  maUcrs  of  no  ordinary  im- 
|iortance,  as  Breinius  and  the  old  bard  were 
successively  summoned,  uid  closeted  with  tlic 


« 


stonehenob;  OR) 

monucli  and  liU  guests.  The  risitora  after- 
wards diacd  at  the  roy&l  tabic,  at  which  (hey 
exhibited  the  most  mnrkod  hostility  towards 
Pudcns.  He  was  indiMsd  insulted  by  its  Ikii^ 
Iiintod  by  young  FrotJiall,  tlie  chieftain's  wo. 
that  he  w»s  a  Roina-n  spy ;  ind  it  would  have 
been  dilhcult  to  restrain  him  from  ioflictiBg 
summary  punishment  for  this  insult,  as  he  bad 
drawn  bis  svrord  for  tbc  purpose  ;  had  not 
Brennua  inusted  upon  Frothall's  public  re- 
tnctation,  and  bad  not  Arviragoa  extorted  a 
promise  from  Pudcns  that  he  would  be  aUit- 
fied  with  t)ie  npoUigy. 

But  this  unheeded  charge  irritated  our  hero 
still  less  than  tiie  young  cJiioftain's  attentions  m 
to  Rusereiin,  He  felt  tJiat  he  had  no  right  to  . 
complain  of  this  part  of  his  cotiduct,  and  he 
was  surprized  to  find  himself  so  sensibly 
affected  by  it ;  but  lie  resented  it  not  the  leso^ 
and  revenged  himself  by  wreaking  all  hb 
powers  of  sarcasm  upon  his  riral,  to  render  him 
contemptible  in  tlie  eye»  of  the  fair  one.  It 
was  not,  of  course,  difficult  for  him  to  outshine 
a  half  civilized  person  like  Frothall  in  conver- 
sation ;  but  he  was  piqued  to  extraonlinary 
exertions,  and  he  wa-i  so  far  successful,  that 


I 


THB    BOHANB    IN    BRITAIN. 


161 


the  rest  of  the  company  were  delighted  with 
his  saecdotes  and  wit. 

It  was,  indeed,  a  triumphant  evening  for 
Pudens;— but  it  was  the  last  that  he  ever  spent 
at  the  White  House  ! 


162  btonbhbnob;  ob. 


CHAPTER  V. 

God  proiper  long  odt  noble  Ving, 

Oar  lircl  and  Mfctiei  all; 
A  woerull  hunting  once  there  did 

In  Cber;  Chue  bcfaU. 

The  gelUnc  greyhoundt  ewiMj  ran. 

To  chue  the  fillow  deere  ; 
On  Mundey  they  begun  to  hunt. 

Ere  dajrligbl  did  ippeiire. 

And  long  before  high  noone,  thej  had 

An  hundred  fat  bucka  tlaine; 
Then  haring  dined,  the  droryers  went 

To  rouze  tlie  decre  againe. 

Tbe  bounda  run  awiflly  through  the  woodi. 

The  nimble  deere  to  take, 
That  with  Ibeir  cryei  the  bills  and  dslei, 

An  iicbo  ahnll  did  uiake. 

CHZTr  citasi. 

Aa  soon  as  it  was  light  on  the  following 
morning,  the  whole  party,  with  the  exceptioa 
of  the  widow's  accuser,  whom  other  buaioai 
summoned  away,  and  Arviragua  and  hii 
daughter,  who  remained  at  home,  set  fonmd 
on  a  deer-cbace,  accompanied  by  a  mosttrof 


THE    SOUANS    tS    BRITArM. 


16!) 


Ute  chiefs  and  nobles.  It  was  a  clear  rnoming 
in  October ;  the  stream)  reflected  a  cloudless 
tky,  and  tite  rich  tints  of  autumn  gave  addi- 
tional beauty  to  a  boundleiis  forest  of  oaks. 
It  wan  as  though  they  hud  folded  around  those 
venerable  forms,  which  liad  defied  the  light* 
ninga  of  a  hundred  summers,  and  the  frosts  of 
a  hundred  winters,  of  their  most  magnificent 
mantles,  to  await  in  becoming  dignity  the 
stroke  of  tlicir  gloomy  foe.  * 
j  The  cool,  delicious,  breath  of  morning  had 
awakened  in  Pudens  all  that  ecstatic  ardour 
which  constitutes  the  buoyancy  of  youth : 
revelling  tn  its  own  happiness,  and  diffusing 
it  to  all  around.  Nor  n-as  thi^  feeling  likely  to 
be  at  all  deadened  by  tlic  excitement  of  the 
occasion.  The  impatient  pawing  of  the 
horses,   and   tlie  voices  of  the  deep   baying 


■  A  •Imllsr  tecM  Uu  wggeittd  Ibe  fallowing  bcaolifol 
id«s  to  frofcMor  Kistblc  -.— 

Hov^DJvt  •ho»«  (lie  voodlanil  tcroe, 

B»A  Benr  and  trw,  tti  iloiy  donr, 
tttpodoK  In  itetfMtftat, 

Lilu  wcuy  inCQ  wbru  age  u  von  ) 
Such  Cain  old  if*,  u  (QaHsionrc  pure, 

And  icIf-MaMiMidiBii  bMft*  inMire, 
Wailing  Uoir  tua>mi>ii>  t«  Ihc  ikjr, 

CuAlenl  hi  lira,  liut  noi  tfnid  to  dir. 

HTMH  won  Atl-UIK-It'oalr. 


STONEHEXOB  ;    OR, 

ItoundM  ;   the  stirring   Muunda   of  pr 
■nd,  ftbovc  all,  th«  cliecrs  and  menaces  of  thai 
ind«fntigablc  young  chief,  encoaraging   or  sp- 
braiding  the  Httcndiints,  garc  an  indescribablt 
Mtimotion    to    the     scene.       Brcnnun's     own 
charger,   a    beautiful    creature,     whose     long 
floving  mane  was  poetically  compared,  by  old 
Morgan,  to  tlie  fringe  of  a  sun.<tet  cloud, 
assigned  to  Fudens.    The  superannuated  ! 
old   Luatli,   which    had  for  many  years   past' 
been  the  constant  companion  of  Sulin  Sibdds,] 
(for   so  the   steed  was  named),    tu    the   field,* 
Kcmed  almost    lieart>broken    at    being    left 
behind ;    especially    as    he   enviously    beheld 
t]ic  whtte-breasled  Bran   snuding  up  her  no* 
in   ecstacy,   as   tliough   already    scenting   her 
prey.     As  for  Bran,  though  her  exprcssin 
countenance  exhibited  so  much  felicity,  yet  her 
situation    seemed     fraught    with    pcrplesitT; 
for  Breniius  and  his  steed  having  formed  but 
one  idea  in  her  limited  intellect,  she  did  nut 
know  how  to  separate  them  in  her  regards,  bat 
[an  from  one  to  the  other,  kissing  her  master'i 
hand  and  Suliit's  fuce,  as  tliough  she  felt  it  hir 
duty  to  wntclt  over  the  weal  of  botb,  until 
given  to  understand  that  she  was  to  attend 
apmt  Pudens. 


TUB   ROHANS    IN    DBITAIN. 


165 


The  liom  now  sounded — the  hills  re<echo«d 
roeny  note;  and,  in  a  few  minutet,  tJie 
sombre  shade  of  tbc  forest  was  lighted  up  by 
the  varied  colours  of  the  cavalcade  glittering 
through  tbc  brakes, 
^h  Pudcns's  elation  was  of  short  continuanoe ; 
for  he  was  so  unused  to  thia  kind  of  sport,  that 

the  felt  tlic  bow  an  incumbrance ;  and  although 
lis  borsv  was  the  fleetest  in  the  field,  and 
thenfm  he  had  always  the  best  opportunity 
^  of  bringing  down  the  stag,  he  had  not  dexterity 
^ftenough  to  avail  himself  of  it.  The  noble  Bran 
Bat  6rst  teemed  mildly  to  reproach  liitn ;  but 
^Vfeeing  him  lose  chance  after  chance,  waxed  so 
indignant,  that  she  resolved  to  follow  liim  tio 

Bloi^ger. 
At   noon,   the  whole   company   met   in   aii 
open  space  in  the  forest,  where  tiiey  begim  to 
prepare  their  feast ;    and    having  tethered  up 
tbeir  horses,  some  gathered  turf  and  wood  for 
^■tlie    fire,    others   dragged   the   deer's   carcass 
forward,    some    cleared    the    ground,    others 
explored  the  neighbourhood  for  water :  all  were 
^  busy,  and  alt  were  lighted-beartcd  but  Pudens. 
■     When   their   meal  was    ready,  they  seated 
themselves  on  the   grass,  and   made   a  right 
rincrn'  repast,  recounting  their  various  exploits. 


166 


STUNBHBNaBi    OB, 


Most  of  them  hail   brouglit  down   more  thui 
one  deer,*nd  Hrentius  h&d actually  jdauglilrral 
five;  butPudeiis  alone  was  empty-handed,  and 
many  a  gib<  had  he  to  endure  in  cnnseqacmce, 
on    account  of  his  want  of  success.     TbeW) 
however,  lie  bora  very  good-humouredljr ;  but 
he  felt  it  more  dillicult  to  preserve   iit^  equa- 
nimity Mgainst  «   tuunt  of  young    Frotball'i, 
who  tuul  been  so  fortunate  as  to  kill   a  Uijt 
muuie   deer,   the   enormous  antlers  of  which 
would  have    Iwen  found   Urgo  enough  for  tlie 
arch  over  a  cathedral  donr.    There  waa  itochiag 
pnitioulitrly   meritorious  in   this    feat,    as  th 
niooKe,  owing  to  ita  huge  sise,   and   widely 
branching  antlers,  wiu  Mower,  and  morv  liabk 
than  other  deer  to  gvt  entangled  in  itic  thidteti^ 
and  thus  to  become  >ii  easy  prey  ;  bat  for  thu 
very  reason   tlie  species    had    become  altnoit 
extinct,  and  of  course  being  more  ran',  it  had 
become   more   valuable.        With    a    maliaoM 
smile,    the    oaptor  now    offered    to   lend   hb 
rival     these     antlers     to     parade     witli     be* 
fore    Roscrana,  that  he  might  have  aometluDg 
to   take   home   to    her.     Poor    Pudent   covU 
hardly   brook  this  jest;    but    he    contented 
himself  widi  saying,  that  he  would  not  deprm 
Frolliall  of  his  only  trophy,  particularly  aa  bi 


3 


THE    ROMAND    IN     RHITAIV. 


167 


might  poRsibly  hironelf  have  the  good  iortuue 
to  meet  with  some  poor  beast  witJi  its  hc^d  in 
ft  thicket,  which  would  be  civil  enough  to  stand 
to  lie  shot  aU  This  htlle  repartc«,  however, 
although  it  silenced  his  adversary,  by  no  means 
satis  tied  Pudens. 

Tlic  young  chief,  perceiving  the  chafed  feel- 
ings of  his  friend,  endcarourcd  to  soothe  llkem 
by  relating  to  the  company  his  rencontre  with 
the  wolf;  but  though  Pudens  acknowledged 
his  kindness,  he  folt  rather  irritBted  tlian 
pleased  tliat  his  conduct  should  require  any  de- 
fence, and  made  a  silent  row,  that  ho  would  not 
return  until  he  had  some  smnll  trophy  to  bring 

^with  him. 

^p  AAer  Hxir  meal,  the  party  set  forwnrd  again 
in  quest  of  more  sport,  and  had  not  proceeded 
far,  when  a  noble  stag  hounded  from  a  thicket 
within  bow-shot  of  Pudcna.  lie  seized  his 
bow,  and  let  fly  an  arrow,  with  a  force  which 
Kobin  Hood  would  not  hare  despised.  But 
tliough  he  TiTalled  Robin  Hood's  strength,  he 
lacked  Kobin  Hood's  skill — and  he  missed. 
Rendered  almost  desperato  by  repeated  dis- 
appointments, he  was  on  the  eve  of  whirling 
the  bow  itself  at  the  animal,  when  an  immense 
boar  cros«cd  his  |)ath.     He  forgot  the  stag,  the 


STOKEtlENOB;    OR, 


into 


hounda,  the  company,  and  everything 
but  the  noble  prise  wbicli  he  had  marked  out 
forhimscll';  and  determined  not  to  Icwe  ntrht 
of  his  gnmc,  he  followed  him  at  full  speed  into 
the  very  depth  of  Ui«  forest. 

Wild  oxen,  bears,  and  wolves,  now  roi 
from  their  lairs  and  poatores,  might  faiTC 
warned  him  that  he  was  leaving  tlie  haantiof 
inan  ;  hut  tliey  burned  by  liiin,  flying  or 
menacing  in  vain.  Bogs,  fens,  and  thidceti^ 
were  no  obstacles  to  him.  He  allowed  notlui^ 
to  divert  him  from  the  pursuit  of  the  batf* 
which  would  ever  and  anon  atop  suddeiilr,  tun 
round  upon  his  pursuer,  and  rend  the  etili 
with  his  tusks,  as  though  in  deliimcc,  but  daitd 
not  await  hi.t  foe.  The  only  fear  or  concen 
Pudens  had,  was  leat  his  gerieroua  steed  sbooU 
1>e  jaded  ;  and  tliis  apprehension  was  not 
groundless,  for  hia  sleek  hide  was  rudely  torn 
with  thorns,  and  Inige  drops  of  mingled  bJtW 
and  sweat  distained  bis  recking  flank*,  vhili 
his  nether  parts  were  completely  incased  is 
mire.  After  havinj;  pursued  this  reckln* 
chase  till  bis  horse  almost  !«nk  beneath  lun, 
Pudens  had  the  satisfaction  to  perceive  tbri 
the  xtrcngtli  of  tb«  boar,  too,  began  to  flag. 

The  poor  beast,  na  though  conscious  that  k 


TUB    ROMANS    IN    BBITAIK. 


169 


Duld  not  6j  much  furllier,  tumihl  round  again 
and  agun,  as  if  dctcrniineil  to  hazard  a  closer 
combat,  and  on  one  of  these  occasions  received 
an  arrow  in  liis  shoulder,  vrhicli  reduced  his 
]iacc  to  a  limp.  He  was,  howeror,  by  no 
means  subdued  :  with  a  ferocitv  almost  un- 
matched, be  tore  tlie  arrow  from  his  bleeding 
limb,  gnawed  it  to  fragments,  and  tossed  them 
in  the  air ;  and  then,  with  a  how),  leaped  into 
a  stream  which  bounded  liis  path.  Pudena 
unhetitaUngljr  followed.  Tlie  op])osite  bank 
was  a  steep  one,  and  defied  the  cflrurtt  of  the 
boar  to  scale  it,  which  was  therefore  driven  back 
upon  his  opponent ;  but  all  Pudens's  exertions 
were  in  tbid  to  prevent  hu  horse  from 
attemplin';  a  retreat.  The  poor  creature,  out 
of  his  element,  and  si'cing  the  menacing  atti- 
tude of  tlio  boar,  raised  himwlfupon  lus  binder 
l«g«,  and  there  stood  with  protruded  eyes, 
distended  uoslriK,  and  cowering  cars,  the  sweat 
batliing  his  cheeks,  and  the  while  foam  pen- 
dant  from  his  mouth.  Pudciis  quicklj*  dia- 
niuunted ;  and  drawing  his  nf;ht  trusty  sword, 
wnded  into  the  stream,  and  advanced  towards 
his  treinendoUH  foe.  Tlie  boar,  with  mane 
erect,  Uke  a  tximpaeted  rtdgc  of  steel,  and 
ryes  like  burning  coals,  sluod  wiUi  Ids  back 
vol..  I. 


170 


stonehesob;  ob, 


towards  the  opjiosiu  l»iik,  and  I) is 
nlinoat  buried  in  the  mud,  collecting 
remaining  strength  for  one  decisive  etTort' 
Tlie  combat  which  endued  made  loudens  tfaink^ 
liU  wrcKtle  with  the  wolf  no  gentle  paHtitiie; — ' 
Itut  it  ended  in  the  beast  being  slain,  and  our 
hero's  carrying  nway,  u  the  trophies  of  hii 
triumph,  the  boar's  head,  and — an  arm  furrowed 
by  bin  tusks  from  the  elbow  to  the  shoulder ! 

Pudens  hanng  recovered  hU  breath,  and 
slaked  bis  thirst,  and  baring  also  tended  hlifl 
horse  to  the  best  of  his  power,  bcgaii  for  the 
fir%t  time  to  think  of  his  companions.  He 
shouted  to  them  with  all  his  might,  but  in  rain; 
for  no  voice,  save  the  echo's,  replied  to  hi* 
Tociferattons.  He  next  climbed  a  high  me. 
U*  oommnnd  a  more  extended  view;  but,  aJas! 
could  see  notliing  but  a  boundless  fbreat  en- 
vironing him  on  all  sides ;  and  such  a  forest  >* 
seemed  to  promise  no  very  desirable  shelter 
for  the  night.  Wolves,  and  bears,  and  whsl 
wsK  still  more  formidable,  hordes  of  wild 
bulls  (Q),  of  a  milk-white  colour,  with  tliick 
hanging  manes  like  lions,  which  they  almost 
equalled  in  strength  and  ferocity,  tensnied 
tliosc  dreary  recesses ;  the  long  marshy  grasSi 
and   dank  poisonous  weeds,  afforded   asylnai 


TBB    HOMANA    IN     BBITAIK. 


for  the  movt  noisome  repdles ;  while  the  very 
trees  (teemed  to  be  inhabited,  not  so  mudi  by 
birds  as  bjr  vild  cats,  which  leaped  from  bougli 
to  bou^h.  Puticj»9,  lion'evcr,  felt  too  much 
excited  to  experience  aiiy  ovcqwiwering  dismay, 
and  wiu-ly  arailed  himBelf  of  the  few  romsining 
ttuun  iif  daylight  to  prosecute  his  way  in  ttic 
dinction  in  which  the  wood  seemed  the  least 
deiiK. 

After  proceeding  for  a  cunsiderabtc  distance, 
l>e  cliiabed  another  tree,  and  waa  rejoiced  to 
litid,  that  u  little  further  on,  the  forest  tcnni- 
riati'd  in  an  open  ploiii ;  and  he  fancied,  too, 

Kiat  he  could  descry  a  6ock  of  sheep  in  the 
Wance.  Ilitlicr,  therefore,  he  bent  his  ooursc ; 
n  after  having  traversed  a  far  wider  space 
tiiun  that  wtueh  scoTocd  to  separate  him  firom 
tlie  sheep,  he  perceived  that  his  im^naiy 
Rock  were  nietmnorphosed  into  stones,  and 
tiiat  these  stones  were  none  other  ituui  thou 
forming  llie  tempLtt  of  Stonchenge ! 
'Plough  he  was  disappointed  in  linding  hira- 
elf  so  remote  from  human  habitations,  yet 
ifiosity  prompted  him  to  vi«it  the  sc-ene  of 
I  former  adventures ;  more  particularly  as  he 
liought  it  would  serve  as  a  xturting  ]ioint> 
As  he  loulced  on  the  altar  on  whic!i  he  mi 

I  1 


172 


stonrrenor;  or. 


to  have  been  Hacriliced,  an  involuntary  shudder 
tlinlled  tlirnughhis  frame;  and  he  could  notbet|M 
feeling  a  sensation  resenibhng  superstition  as  be 
gazed  on  the  rocking  I^gau.     Th'ta  su}>enti- 
tion,  however,  did  not  deter  liini  from  a  vlow 
inspection  of  this  furmidiible  ordeal  on  whkfa 
bis  life  liad  not  long  since  depended  ;  and  he  | 
at  once  detected  the  artifice  by  which   it  wa« 
managed:  f»r  he  beheld  inserted  between  the, 
pivot   and   the   socket,    the  identical    pebbte] 
v'liicli  liiul  iilmnst  made  this  test  prove  fntAl  to 
himself;  and  which  indeed  hud   been    placed 
Uicrc  by  the  wounded  Ovate  for  that  purpose. 

The  evening  was  now  drawing  her  duakjr  ■ 
mantle  over  tl>c  face  of  nature,   like   a   foixl 
motiier  hushing  her  littie  one  ;  when  the  >k; 
)>ega»  to  lower,  and  the  fitful  gusts  of  wind , 
which   had  howled  through   the   forest,   were 
succeeded    by    ii    Kullcn    onhn.   in    which   lUi 
motion  Mcmed  suspended,  except  that  of  thel 
wheeling  curlew,  whose  low  flight  augured  aj 
coining   storm.      Ihidens,  observing  these  in* 
dical ions, began  to  look  around,  that  perchance] 
he  might  lind  a  shelu-red  pillow;  and  happily' 
caught  sight   of   a   cromlech,   which    scetncd 
{leculiarly  adapted  to  afford  prutection  in  audi 
an  cniei^gency. 


THE    ROUANB    IN     BRITAIN. 


cromlech,  us  nuMt  of  my   readers  nre 
>rol)iib1y    awwre,    convivts    of  two   or    more 
rpenilicutar  Monex  iiupporting  n  horisonbil 
ne,  vlikh  is  getienlly  somewhat  inclined, 
Fu  the  stipportem  «re  rarely  of  nn  equal  height. 
[Tlie  spoffi  included  foniw  ii  rt-tl,  from  under 
|the  rucliy  canopy  of  wliifO]  onicidar  responses 
were   frequently:   given.    This,  however,  does 
I  not  appear  to  have  been  th«  use  to  which  this 
particular  erection   was    applied  ;   for  it   was 
narrow,  and  from  its  dimensions  seemed  rather 
deMigned    for    the    repose   of   auidtdates  for 
finitJation  into  the  mysteries  of  Druidism,  of 
rbom  it  was  required,  as  we  have  stuted,  Uint 
Ethey  should  pass   the   eve    of  their  mystical 
[inauguration   in    the    sacred   cell.    The   stone 
r which    formed    the    roof,     seemed    to    have 
1  been  once  a  rocking  stone,  which,  having  lost 
[its  equilibrium,  had    been  used  for  its  pre&ent 
[purpose  i  for  it  projected   beyond  t)i«  higher 
raupjMirter  so  mach,  as  to  bo  nearly   balanced 
upon  it,  and  tlius  of  il&elf  afforded  no  mean 
shelter,  without  the  confinement  of  the  interior 
■  of  the  cell. 

"      Here,  then,  Pudcns  took  bi«  scat,  reclining 
hii  back  against  this  massy  pilUr,  and  watching 
I  large  sable  cloud  which  rose  from  the  horison; 


174  STONEHBNGE  ;   OB, 

and  vbich  assumed  the  fantastic  appearance 
of  an  immense  eagle  with  outstretched  vings, 
irradiated  by  frequent  comiacations  of  the 
electric  fluid.  Every  moment  served  to  com- 
pact its  form,  and  to  condense  it  into  solidity; 
till  at  last  it  seemed  to  hover  in  mid-heaven — 
the  very  bird  of  Jove,  grasping  the  lightning 
in  his  talons. 

Exhausted  with  fetigue,  wearied  with  watch- 
ing it,  and  foreseeing  that  it  was  but  the 
harbinger  of  a  storm  of  no  ordinary  violence, 
Pudens  crept  into  the  cell ;  and  in  a  few  mo- 
ments  was  rapt  in  a  profound  sleep,  undis- 
turbed by  the  lightning  and  the  rain,  though 
they  almost  threatened  to  rive  or  dissolve  his 
rocky  canopy. 


TUB    ROUAXS    IN    BRITAIN.  l75 


CHAPTER  VI. 

4 

Here  /ound  tbey  conrt  drear  t 
Sevee  laagM  of  life ;  ods  bare,  ooe  tbere. 
Lay  rut  u>d  edgevajn,  in  ■  diimal  cfrque 
Of  drntd  itonei,  upon  ■  forlorn  moor, 
Wbea  tbe  cbill  ralo  begaa  at  ibnt  of  en. 
•  •  •  •  • 

Prone  be  lay,  cbio  uppermoet, 
Ai  tboagh  in  piln. 
Above  iim,  on  ■  eng'»  uneujr  ibeWe, 
Upon  bii  elbow  railed,  all  proatrate  riie, 
Sbadow'd  Enceiadus; 
A>  tiger  puiiooedi  lion  tboughted,  wroth, 
He  swditated,  plotted,  and  enn  now 
Waa  hurlinf  moantiiiaa. 

KBATBt's   HVPERIOIt,  BOOK   2. 

PoDKNshad  not  slept  long  under  the  shelter 
of  the  cromlech,  before  he  was  airakened  by  a 
peal  of  thunder,  which  seemed  not  only  to 
rock  the  adamantine  walls  of  his  dormitory, 
but  to  shake  the  very  earth  on  which  he  was 
reposing.  When  this  noise  had  subsided,  the 
indistinct  sound  of  footsteps  caught  his  ear ; 
and  a  flash  of  lightning  at  that  moment  re- 


176 


btonkiiknob;  or. 


Tcaled  to  Iiim  the  forms  of  two  huioan  beings, 
coming  fruni  dilTcrcnt  dirci:tiDns,  and,  a{^)»- 
rently,  meeting  casually  willun  a  few  pacc«  of 
his  domicile.  It  struck  liim  that  one  figure  mi 
not  wholly  unknown  to  htm;  and  his  attention 
heing  excited,  he  overheard  the  following  ood- 
venation — ■"  Ha  1"  snid  the  one  to  the  other, 
"whither  are  you  wending  your  course  to- 
night ?  it  muHt,  surely,  be  some  hazardous  en- 
terprise which  could  have  induced  you  to  beard 
our  God  Taranis  in  his  own  den,  and  when  be 
seeiiiR  so  angry  too." 

"  What,  father,  is  that  you  ?"  interrupleil 
tiie  other,  "  who  woulcl  liarc  expected  to  meet 
you  here  on  such  a  night  ns  tliis  !  You  are 
better  acquainted  with  those  holy  precincta 
than  I  am,  pray  find  some  shelter  for  us.  I 
nerer  was  out  in  such   a   storm   before ;  the 

lightning " 

Just  at  this  instant,  a  flash  of  lightning  ligh 
up  the  whole  hemisphere,  and  enabled  Pudens 
discover  that  the  two  persons  were  the  wounded 
(h'atc  and  the  widow's  accuser ;  botit  hurryini; 
to  the  cromlech  in  which  he  was  lying. 

"  Here,''  said  the  Ovate  to  his  companion, 
striking  one  of  the  stones,  "  here  we  aholl  find 
shelter.     I  am  afraid  that  this  cromlech 


I 
I 


the 

itedl 

'"I 


TilK    ROMANS    IS    BRITAIN. 


177 


^ 


'contain  lu  both ;  but  if  you  will  creep  in  1 
will  M«t  mj-RcIf  under  tlie  over-Uk])[iii)g  roof- 
stone,  wbich  linppens  to  be  just  in  the  right 
direction  to  shelter  us  rrom  the  storm.'' 

"  N»y,"  said  hi«  companion, "  I  am  no  priest, 
I  vrouM  nut  bury  tnysclf  in  such  a  cavern, 
for  all  the  Aoeks  on  this  pUin.  1  should  be 
wtnid  tUnt  your  God  Tarnnts  would  hurl  down 
the  whuk  fnhric  upon  mc  for  profaning  bin 
iiaunta;  or  that  he,  or  Htesus,  or,  pcrlutph, 
tome  Mcuned  Roman,  would  jiist  put  one  of 
your  pebltle*  (Alluding  to  the  rocking- logan) 
Iwfore  my  door,  and  I  should  be  buried  alive." 

It  may  be  imagined  that  Pudent  did  not 
listen  to  this  last  sentence  unmoved.  How- 
arer,  the  apcaker  resumed ; "  Priests  need  not  bo 
afraid  of  the  gods,  therefore  do  you  rest  here, 
and  I'll  mount  guard  against  all  Itumans ;  for  1 
have  tny  trusty  dirk  with  me,  the  point  of 
which  not  long  ago,  was  felt  by  a  Roman  officer 
whose  coqise  wmc  of  my  clansmen  drew  hitlicr 
to  be  sacrificed,  on  this  very  spot,  at  our  last 
great  meeting.'" 

"  You  slew  him,  then,  did  your"  rejoined 
the  Ovate.  "  1  wish  that  you  bad  slain  llie 
whole  nation,  or,  at  all  eircnts,  that  you  luul 
ft  companion  of  his,  who  pretty  nearly 

I  3 


178 


STONeriEXOR;  or, 


crippled  mc  on  thnt  .tame  night ;  and  wlio  owet 
no  iliniiks  tn  inv  tliat  he  wa«  not  ro<u)tod  inatawl 
of  the  corpse.  However,  I  think  I  will  lay  me 
down  in  this  ocll,"  snid  he,  taming  towards  it» 
entrance. 

Cold  penpiration  batlied  the  whole  body  uT 
Pudens,  as  he  heard  this  resolve.  It  was  in* 
possible  to  crawl  out  without  being  observed; 
and,  confined  as  be  wan,  he  was  <)uite  at  their 
mercy ;  for  he  scarcely  had  room  to  (urn,  mocti 
less  to  defend  himself. 

The  Ovati:  was  groping  about  to  5nd  the 
entrance,  when,  suddenly,  to  the  inexpressible 
relief  of  fudens,  be  altered  his  intention  ;  tml 
observed  to  bis  friend,  "that  as  they  could  nnt 
well  converse  if  tlius  separated,  as  he  had 
some  important  business  to  confer  with  him 
upon,  he  would  scat  himself  by  his  side.** 

They  accordingly  took  their  scats  under  the 
projecting  stone,  wbcii  the  convcrsatiun  wns 
thus  continued  by  the  Uebelwyr:  "  I  wuijUKt  di- 
recting my  steps  towards  your  house,  when  ihb 
storm  obliged  me  to  fly  to  the  nearest  shelter 
I  could  find." 

"  By  Taranis,"  replied  the  Ovate,  **  that  b 
Strang  enough;  fur  I  had  left  my  house  pur- 
posely to  pay  you  a  visit,  and  am  driven  into 
the  same  (lort  by  ihi:  same  stonn  " 


I 


I 


TUE    B0MAN8   IN   BRITAIN.  1/9 

"Possibly,"  rammed  the  Uchelwyr,  "our 
eiTKDcl,  too,  may  bare  been  somewhat  similar ; 
tf  80,  wc  could  not  hftvc  liad  a  more  littiiig 
place  to  talk  it  over." 

"  Well,"  inquired  the  Ovate,  "  what  butiitcitA 
can  you  be  plotting  meet  for  soeh  a  place  as 
this  >" 

"  Why,  to  come  to  the  point  without  further 
preamble,"  replied  the  Uchclwyr,  *'  1  am 
crosMd  in  a  iavourite  scheme  ot'  tuinc.'' 

'*  What  is  that  ?"  inquired  the  Ovate. 

"  1  liave  been  Uiinking,"  said  the  t'chclwyr, 
"  that  tlie  King's  daughter  would  be  no  unmeet 
match  for  my  son:  Krothall,  you  know,  b 
nephew  to  the  King  of  tlie  Durolrige*,*  and  will 
soon,  probably,  succeed  to  that  principality. 
As  he  will,  in  tliM  case,  need  some  jiowerful 
ally  to  enn!>le  him  to  niaintwn  poMession  of  it, 
the  alliance  of  Arriragus  seemed  to  me  very 
desiraUe :  nor,  indeed,  would  the  murringe  b« 
disadrantagcous  to  Arviragus,  as  he  seems 
aware ;  for  the  territories  of  tlte  Durotrign 
bordering  upon  his  own,  and  he  being  nnxioos 
to  furm  one  extensive  alliance  agninst  the 
ItomanN,  he  cannot  be  at  all  arene  to  tho 
project." 

*  TW  Itaratrign  IskiUtcd  Doncubtrc 


ston'bhbnoe;  or* 


"  What,  then,  can  prevent  tlie  aocumptUh- 
mtnt  of  your  wishes ':"  nuked  the  Ovite. 

"  Why  just  that  which  prevented  my  getting 
you  that  old  widow's  land  which  overlook*  and 
spoils  your  estate,*'  replied  ttic  Uclielwyr. 

"  What  do  you  mean  ?'*  said  the  Ovate. 

"  I  mean,**  ansn-ered  the  Uchclwyr,  "  the 
interference  of  that  mongrel  Ronian,  Pudeni, 
as  they  call  lilm." 

"  Tlic  curse  of  Taranis  upon  that  fcUow," 
rejoined  the  Ovate,  striking  the  ground  with 
his  stutf;  "he  seems  to  have  crossed  the  Mas 
purposely  to  annoy  me,  and  every  one  belong* 
iiig  to  me.  But  how  does  he  stand  in  your  way}" 

"I  will  tell  you,"  replied  the  Uelieliryr) 
"  when  I  made  ray  proposals  to  the  King,  he 
said,  that  before  he  gave  me  a  definite  ansveTi 
he  would  mention  tlie  matter  to  his  son.  WeOt 
what  must  that  young  fool  do,  but  ask  his  sitter 
about  it.  She  began  nhining  and  mumbling 
something  about  Pudcns  teaching  her  this  and 
that,  Htid  from  what  I  infer  from  the  behaviour 
of  BrennuN,  who  strongly  took  Pudens's  pan  in 
a  dispute  between  him  and  my  son  at  the 
King's  table  liutt  night,  as  u-cll  as  from  the  be- 
haviour of  llie  girl  herself,  I  fear  that  if  that 
piebald  Roman  stands  in  the  way,  my  son  has 
not  the  best  chance  of  success.     However,  the 


TUB    ROMANS    IS    BRITAIN'. 


181 


'  matter  is  to  be  finallf  decided  on  tlie  day  kiier 
to-morrow." 

I>    "  Nay,"  aaid  the  prirst,  *'  we  must   not  be 
tliwart«(i  by  a  boy.'* 
"  What  mu*l  b*  done,  tbcii,  fiilhCT?"  asked 
the  lord. 
"  A\'hy,  we  must  get  him  oat  of  the  way," 
answered  the  pric&t. 
"But  at  tlic  Kinjr'B  houM,  petted   by  the 
family,  and  a  lavouiitc  of  the  buusohold,  it  is 
^^no  easy  matter  to  get  him  out  of  the  way ;"  re* 
^^  plied  tJtc  lord. 

"  Why  did  not  you  lay  some  plot  for  him 
when  he  was  out  hunting  this  morning?''  said 
the  priest ; "  he  might  have  been  easily  decoyed 

■from  his  companions." 
"Yes,  father,"  answered  the  lord,  "but 
suppose  my  son,  or  even  myself,  were  to  have 
attacked  him  when  alone ;  let  me  tell  you  that 
he  is  a  desperate  fellow,  as  your  own  wound 
l>ears  witness,  and  it  is  not  certain  tiiat  we 
■bould  hare  made  sure  work  of  it;  and  then, 
what  a  scrape  we  should  And  ourselves  in,  for 
assaulting  a  royal  K»<--st  1" 

**  You  don'i  understand  mc,"  said  the  priest, 

I  aeoffingly  ;'*  none  but  afool  risks  force,  when  the 

turae  thing  may  be  accomptishcd  by  stratagem." 

"  Uut,  father/'  replied  the  lord,  "  to  tell  you 


189 


stos-euknob;  or, 


the  tnitli,  1  am  one  of  tliose  fooU  who  do  nol 
like  stratagems,  Tor  I   always  find  myself  oa' 
wilted,     t  am  use  my  arm  with  Uie  beat}  bi 
my  head  is  not,  i>erhaps,  a  match  for  some, 
aeter  got  up  but  one  plut,  as  yon  call  it,  in  ta; 
life ;  namely,  that   accursed   plot   to  get 
widow's  land  far  jou,  which  was  so  dumnilj 
managed,  that  the  success  was  worse  than  the 
design,  though  the  design,  between  oursci 
was  not  altogether  to  my  mintt.   Nay,  1  sbi 
prefer  chastising  the    fellow  with    my 
h«id,  for  his  iiH pertinent  interference  on  tfais 
oocasiun,   aud   for    making    the    people 


tMf 
OWB 


me." 


1M 


"  Well,"  s»id  the  priest,  "  if  I  succeed  in 
getting  liim  out  uf  the  vay,  will  )-ou  swesr  that 
tlie  widow's  house  shall  he  mine  ?'* 

"  It  is  impo«xil>le  for  me  to  do  that,*'  i»S 
plied  the  lord,   '*  while  llie  widow  lives  ;    for 
after  the  fonliHh  noise  about  liie  black  nun,  we 
cannot  meddle  any  more  with  that  business  juai    j 
yet."  I 

<^A  curse  upon  the  bUck  mm,"  said  the 
priest ;  "  will  you  promise  that  1  shall  have  it 
when  she  Is  dead?*' 

"  Why — yes,"  responded  the  lord,  hesitat- 
ingly ;  "  if  you  will  get  the  King's  daughter  for 
my  son,  I  will  promise  the  widow's  house  when 


^ 


THB    noUAKa    IX    BRlTAtX. 


l&t 


■ 


the  dies,  tltougli  it  sliouli]  cost  half  my  lands  to 
obtain  it  far  you." 

'  Very  well,  let  Urn  be  a  Inrguii,"  aaid  tli« 
priest. 

"  Yes,"  said  the  lunl,  "  it  is  (t  bargain  ;  but 
tell  me,  tww,  faliicr,  Iimw  do  you  propose  to 
rid  us  of  young  Pudeiis  P* 

"  1  have  liurdly  thouglit  the  matter  over 
sufficiently,''  answered  tlic  Priest,  *'  Ui  ansner 
your  question ;  but  1  will  pnimise  you  that  it 
shall  bo  done.  Let  mo  see;*'  he  continued,  in 
a  maaing  tone,  "  we  can't  rery  well  take  liiin 
off  by  poison,  because  that  would  exdto  sus- 
picion ;  nor  can  we  Tcry  well  induce  th« 
peasantry  to  dcspatcJt  him,  bccausp,  you  icll 
tuc,  that  he  is  a  favourite  amon?  them.  Tlicrc 
are  objections,  too,  against  dcL-oying  liim  out  of 
bis  course  in  a  hunting  party,  though  that 
soeins  the  moat  feasible  plan.  However,  it 
matteni  not  now  to  decide  upon  the  means ; 
I  pledge  you  my  word  that  it  sltidllje  done ; 
and  then,  remeniber  that  the  widon-'s  cottaije 
and  lands  nre  mine ;  ttint  is— after  her  death." 

Just  at  Uie  conclusion  of  this  cold-blooded 
9pee<;h,  a  tremendous  peal  of  thunder,  ai'oin- 
panietl  by  tlie  most  awful  Hash  of  lightning, 
hke  the  roar  and  Aamc  of  a  thousand  pieces  of 


184 


htonbhbnok;  or. 


artillery,  I)  uixt  over  tlielr  heads,  snd  so  agtUted 
the  atin(>s[)licre,  that  the  rocking  lo^an  roUed 
fearfully. 

A  pause  of  several  iiiiiiutes  ensued,  du 
which  perfect  silence  prevailed,  disturbed  on)f 
by  the  grating  of  the  oscillating  stone,  nnd  the 
low  niunnura  of  the  Uchelwyr's  voice,  vbo 
was  muttering  to  himself  the  names  of  sU  the 
British  Pantheon.  Even  the  stony  heart  nf 
the  priebt  was  momentarily  subdued  by  tlio  ter- 
rible voice  of  nature ;  and  he  durst  not  pn 
language  to  his  foul  machinations. 

The  lord,  being  appalled  by  the  silenoe,  was 
the  tirst  to  resume  the  cnnversaliun,  by  uljur- 
ing  his  compimiun,  in  the  name  o(  their  God 
Tcut,  to  chongc  the  tuple  of  disoourac.  The 
obdurate  heart  of  the  Ovate  hud  by  this  tiflW 
recovered  its  wonted  calloiixncts,  the  stofin 
having  now,  apparetitly,  spent  its  fury  j  and  he 
gave  n  fiendish  Inugli  at  the  terror  uf  his  trtend, 
whose  knees  very  peR'eptibly  smot«eacli  other. 
"  I'm— not — afraid  ;*'  said  tlie  Uchelwyr,  in  re- 
ply to  his  objurgation,  while  his  chattering 
tcctli,  and  hollow,  trembling  voice,  belied  ha 
assertion.  "  I'm — not — a-f-r-a-i-d,  or,  at  least,** 
said  he,  correcting  himself,  as  a  vivid  gleam  a( 
lightning  revealed  to  him  tiie  agitation   of  tbft 


Tint    UOUAN'S    IN     BNITAIN. 


185 


^ 


tlogan  stone ;  "  I  .should  not  be  kfratd  if  I  were 
I  by  myself."' 

Scarcely  were  these  n-onlx  uttered,  wlten  «11 
I'tlie  remiiining  fury  of  the  tempest  eoncentnted 
in   one   terrific   volley,   burst,   with    stunning 
noise  just  above  tbcm,  and  actually  shivered  off 
a  splinter  of  one  of  the  supporters  of  the  stone 
wbicb  sheltered  them.     "Ye  Gods!*' shrieked 
the  UchelwjT,  falliRg  on  his  knees  and  clench- 
ing his  hands  together,  "  spue  mc,  oh,  spare 
me!  I  repent!  I  repent!" 
"  Peace,"  said  the  Ovate ;  "  let  us  sit  nearer 
I        each  other ;  it  will  be  over  soon.    The  llonian 
1       may  live  for  ever,  for  nw." 
^K      The  violcDce  of  tlic  storm  began  now,  nn- 
^m  equivocally,  to  abate  ;    and  the  priest   mani- 
^B  fested  his   returning   audacity   by  oxclaimiug, 
^1  **  What  fools  we  both  wore  to  be  so  fr^btened ; 
^M  but  it  must  he  cortfessed  that  to  nee  the  lightning 
^^   split  the  atone  on  which  a  man  is  sitting  is  a 
^^   little  alarming  \     However,  it  is  all  over  now  !" 
^B      The  impious  priest  now  resumed  his  infernal 
'^    l>roJects,aa  though  they  had  ncverbeen  disturbed; 
^m    but  his  companion's  drowsiness  increased  as  the 
^M    storm  diniiiiiithed,  until,  at  last,  slumber  over- 
^M   come  him,    The  Ovate,  also,  thinking  tliat  his 
'        more  timid  friend  might  feel  some  repugnitnee 


186 


stonbuknge;  ob. 


to  renew  the  discusaon,  after  n  while  began  to 
Gompose  liimsel/  to  sleep. 

Pudcns  listened  willi  intense  anxiety  to  hear 
the  deep-drawn  breath  of  slamber,  trom 
Ovate  and  bia  Sire ;  aiidi  al^r  some  tintet ' 
delighted  to  bear  one  of  them  snore  rttj 
sonorously;  but,  unhappily,  it  was  at  solo;— 
the  air  nnd  no  accompaniment. 

Minutes  ap]>eBred  almust  as  montlis  to  bin, 
as  he  tried,  in  vain,  to  catch  the  note  of  anotlier 
sleeper.  AC  length  he  seemed  to  recogniie 
it,  and  was  just  about  to  crawl  out  of  his 
horrible  domiitory,  wnen  the  Ovate  moreil, 
and  began,  with  some  little  violence,  to  awake 
his  /elluw  slumbercr.  Now,  thought  Pudem, 
I  am  certainly  discovered ;  and  bis  heart 
to  faint  within  him.  His  danger,  howeveffl 
soon  perceived  was  not  so  immediate  as  he  had 
at  first  apprehended;  for  the  Ovate  shuwed 
no  disposition  to  molest  him,  but  having  rouwd 
his  companion,  Eufficiently  to  make  bim  sen- 
sible, exclaimed  triumphantly,  **  1  have  thought 
of  a  plot,  and  I  have  to  thank  you  for  fumishiif 
me  with  the  hint.  This  vcrj'  cromlech,  i 
which  wc  arc  leaning,  shall  bo  tliot 
caitiff's  last  couch.'* 

Here   I*iidem  ahnost  groaned  audibly  ; 
the  Orate  continued — *'Ue  is,  as  you  knuv. 


Tlllt    ROHAN'S    IN    BIIITAIN. 

very  inquiifittve  about  our  mysteries,  and  I  will 
^make  a  friend  of  him,  and  persuade  him  to  be 
furmully  initinted  into  them  by  keeping  vigil  in 
this  cell.  There  let  ttie  once  get  him,  and  I  n^ll 
teach  him  mysteries,  such  as  he  will  never 
disoloae,  1  ween  I  Tlie  plAcc^  I  dvcbirc,  accms 
exactly  mtde  for  such  a  puq)use,  and  Teut 
bimtelf  must  have  suggested  the  |>luii  1" 
^  In  rain  did  he  liitten  foT  tlie  assent  of  his 
^  slumbering  cotnpaniun,  who  had  collapsed 
again  into  the  most  noisy  somnolence. 
Tlie  Ornte  n-iHhed  to  examine  the  adaptation 
[of  the  cell  fur  the  puqrasc  proposed;  but  it 
[liappeircd,  most  fortunately,  that  part  of 
lis  vestment  was  under  his  partner,  and 
he  conld  not  rise  without  disturbing  him. 
fHo  was,  tiicrdbre,  cinnpcUcd  tu  remain  quies- 
cent ;  and  having  discharged  his  mind  of 
an  onerous  anxiety,  he  soon  fell  asleep,  and  his 

P"''^p  nasal  intonations,  blended  with  those  of 
lord,    fell  upon   Pudcns's  car,  more  rae- 
ious,  more  welcome,  than  tJic  most  ravishing 
serenade  ! 

Pudens,  I  need  hardly  sar,  did  not  remain 
long  after   this  in   his  sepulchral    cell.      He 
■listened  for  a  moment,  however,  with  his  attcn- 
Ition  strained  to  tJio  utmost,  and,  with  horror. 


MB 


STONBUBNOB;   OB, 


henrd  n  few  brolcen  sentences  muttered  hv  die 
Ovute  iti  liis  restless  slumber ;  among  which  he 
(listiiiiruislictt  the  words,  *'  Romans'* — ^"  vigil* 
of  death"—"  inysleriea'*— "  ha !  ha  !  ha  !"  and 
sgain,  "  Taranis" — **  lightningB" — "  s|>are  me!" 
accumjianicd  uritli  indistinct  sounds,  resembling 
altcrntitc  groans  and  laughter,  which  chilled  Iw 
very  blood.  It  seemed  ns  though  the  slumberer 
were  liimsclf  cither  apprehending  or  sufDerii^ 
Tiolence,  or  Uughing  at  its  infliction. 

It  vaa  cridcnt  that  these  muttcringa  wire 
but  the  terrors  of  a  conscience,  nut  to  be  lulled 
by  sleep;  or,  as  Pudcns  expressed  it,  "The 
furies  lashing  a  guilty  spirit  in  Its  alumbcn." 
As  tlicy  were,  however,  indubitable  indicatiani 
of  sleep,  though  but  a  feverish  state  of  H,  lit 
ventured  to  cn;cp  cuutioiulT  fortli. 

No  captive  ever  left  his  dungeon  with  a 
lighter  tienrt ; — for  his  pleasure  was  altogetlm 
indescrihable.  Aa  soon,  however,  as  tliii 
ecstacy  had  subsided,  his  next  impulse  was  a 
desire  of  vengeance.  l*bero  lay  bis  two  encmiei 
defenceless  before  him,  and  a  wcapun  provided 
for  him ;  for  the  Uchelwyr's  dirk  hung  loose  M 
his  side.  Ptidens  seized  this  dirk,  and  rabed 
hit  hand  to  indict  a  blow,  but  had  hardly  de- 
termined in  which  hosum  to  sheath    it,     Hei 


I 


THE    ROHAN'S    IN    BBirAIN. 


189 


t 

^waMd  for  K  moment  to  decide,  and  liis  bcait 
^Bnhcd  froai  the  jwrpet  ration  of  r  cold-blood- 
ed murder.  He,  tlierefore,  pUced  tlie  dirk 
in  his  own  girdle,  und  huving  approfirinted  the 
Ovatc's  itAlT,  hurried  off,  rcMiked  to  leave  bis 
foes  to  the  torturei  of  tlieir  own  consciencei, 

tto  his  future  reven^,  and  to  consult  ordy 
s  own  safety. 
He  had  not  gone  far  before  he  happened  to 
umble  against  n  piece  of  thnng,  which  had 
been  usedaaa  cord  to  draw  the  n-icker  waggon; 
and  delerminiiig  to  make  use  of  it  to  »• 
CUT«  hia  victims,  he  threw  a  noose  round 
then,  and  Jiutened  the  end  of  it  to  tHb 
dtono  against  wbioh  they  were  leaning,  purpos* 
ing  to  leave  tliein  thus  bound  to  slumber  on  ; 
and,  in  duct,  or  solo,  or  recitative,  to  "  n-ustc 
Uieir  aweetiiesH  uii  tlie  desert  air."  Having 
^bone  this,  lie  pursued  his  flight ;  but  he  had  not 
Hproreeded  mure  than  a  stone's  cut,  when  feeling 
V«n  irn'MHtiblv  inclination  to  give  them  some 
alight  token  of  bts  remembrance ;  he  hurled 
&  large  atone  at  them,  and  was  not  dia- 
pleased  to  hear,  by  a  heavy  crush  and  a 
loud  cry  which  succ«edcdj  that  it  had  nut 
been  altogctlicr  wttliout  effect,  though  to 
wtiat  extent  lie  could  not  judge,  as  hia 
.own  escape  too  much  occupied  bis   tlioughu. 


190  aTONBHENOS;   OR, 


CHAPTER  VII. 


SlTiminir  nit  bii  nerres  be  bov'd. 

Ai  wiih  the  forCD  of  windi  and  water*  pent 

When  niountniiis  tremble,  tlioic  two  mmuy  pillan. 

With  horrible  coDraliion  to  and  fro 

He  tilled,  he  tbook,  till  down  they  came  and  dm 

The  wbole  roof  after  them,  with  burst  of  tbundcr 

Upon  the  Ijenc]  of  him  who  fiat  bt^neRth, 

Milton's  sahjoh  ai»>ni(ts*. 


PiTDBNS  eifected  his  escape  without  meet- 
ing with  any  further  adventure.  In  his  flight, 
indeed,  he  met  two  serfs,  who  eyed  his  Roman 
costume  somewhat  ferociously,  and  seemed  in* 
chned  tu  commence  an  aifray ;  but  when  thef 
»icanned  liis  line  figure,  and  caught  sight  of  the 
formidable  dirk,  they  were  content  to  allow 
liim  to  pass  on  without  any  further  expresuon 
of  their  hatred  than  an  angry  scowl.  This, 
however,  tended  to  make  liim  more  senuble 
of  his  hazardous  situation,  in  a  country  where 
it   was  unsafe  to  appear    alone  in    a   Homan 


TflK    ROMANH    IK    II(IITAI\. 


garh,  and  cau&cd  him  mare  duly  to  appreciate 
the  value  of  the  spoil  vtliicli  he  )iad  taken  from 
bis  slMpin^  foe. 

His  first  object  was  to  recover  hi«  liorse; 
<ut  it  was  gone  from  the  place  where  he  liad 
t«tl>ered  it,  and  he  began  to  think  Uiat  there 
waa  some  evil  spell  against  him,  connected  with 
the  temple  and  its  precincts. 

On  looking  around  him,  he  saw  some  bltw 
xmoke,  liHiig  apparently  from  a  hut  in  the 
skirts  of  tlie  forest,  to  which  he  directed 
bit  *tep«i  and  soon  found  himself  at  the 
entrance  of  n  decent  little  cottage  On  in- 
(jiitring  his  way  of  a  middle^gcd  female,  who 
appeared  to  be  the  matron  of  the  house,  he 
was  told  that  it  was  precisely  tlic  oppontc  to 
tliat  which  he  had  clioseii  ;  he  was  glad,  there- 
fore, of  ui  invitation  to  partake  of  some  re- 
freshments. 

He  was  •  little  surprised  at  the  cordiality  of 
his  reception,  notwithstanding  the  almost  pro* 
vcibiiJ  hospitality  of  the  inhabitanta ;  for  he 
had  reatun  to  he  but  too  senuble  of  thdr 
prejudice  to  tlie  Koman  garb.  But  any 
misgivings  which  he  felt,  were  dispelled 
it)  ttke  course  of  conversation  over  hia 
meal ;   for  his   hostess  informed   him,  to  his 


192 


stonkiiknob;  or. 


astoniahment,  that  a  Rooinn  (lre«ft,  notwitli- 
stAiiding  the  abhorrcnoe  iii  which  it  was  bcld 
hy  some  of  her  countrymen,  should  nctcr 
want  n  shelter,  while  she  had  &  roof;  for,  in- 
deed, she  siiid,  that  it  wnH  entirely  owing  to  i 
young  Kotniui  tJiat  she  now  had  a  home.  ^ 
thc]i  related  the  Ktory  of  tlie  black  nun  t  bj 
wtticli  it  appeored  that  slie  was  the  widov 
wli»M>  cause  lie  hail  espoused.  His  hoMm 
having  thus  revealed  l»erself,  Pudcos  tbooghi 
he  could  not  do  better  than  follow  her  a* 
ample ;  mid  1  will  leave  my  readers  to  im^ia* 
the  grateful  delight  of  the  widow,  on  fin^of 
that  her  present  guest  was  her  late  drfcndtr. 
As  she  ulin(»t  over  whelmed  loudens  with  bn 
thanks,  lie  told  her,  that  she  was  much  leu 
indebted  to  him,  than  to  the  spirited  condaet 
of  her  sun.  At  the  mention  of  her  son,  Al 
shook  her  head,  and  »aid, 

"  I  pray  Teul  that  no  harm  may  come  to  ray 
son  for  that;  but  you  must  know,**  aaid  tlie, 
turning  to  Pudens,  "  that  nx  have  strong  fwrt 
to  contend  against ;  and  I  nm  very  anxiout 
now  about  my  poor  son,  for  my  daya  wuoM 
he  but  few,  even  if  my  vucniies  would  let  i 
finish  them  peacefully,  if  any  liarm  were 
happen  to  him." 


TDK    B0UAN8    IN    BNtTAIN. 

You  n«ed  not  aUrin  jrounclt',  my  good 
woman,"  tuldcd  Pudcna ;  *'  for  I  can  assure  you 
Uiut  your  son  is  sale,  liavmg  hunted  witb  him 
but  yoterdAy.  He  undertook  to  be  my  guide 
through  the  forest ;  but  my  hone  being  dcctcr 
than  his,  1  unfortunately  left  him  and  the  rest 
of  the  coaipqmy  behind." 

"  Oh,  Sir,"'  said  the  widow,  "  but  he  did  not 
ileep  nt  home  last  night,  which  I  think  he 
would  hare  done  had  nothing  l)ap|>encd,  as  the 
King  promised  tli&t  he  should  do  so,  for  a  few 
nights  to  guard  niy  house ;  and  not  witfaont 
good  occasion,"  she  nddi-d,  "if  I  dare  t«U  all ; 
but  wise  people  do  not  My  all  tbey  know,  and 
good  people  do  not  lightly  upesk  eril  of  God's 
priests." 

^Vhile  she  was  uttchng  this  la.ft  scntciioe, 
the  trampling;  of  a  horse's  hoofs  were  heard, 
ind  on  looking  out  at  the  door,  who  should  ap- 
r  but  the  son  himiwlf.  The  mother  ran  out 
to  meet,  and  to  embrace  him;  but  he,  seeing 
her  guest,  passed  her  by,  with  a  slight  siiluta> 
tion,  and  welcomed  Pudcns,  with  such  cxtravu- 
gant  demonstrations  of  joy  as  could  be  hardly 
accoifiited  for.  Kyno,  however,  (for  that  was 
his  name,)  soon  explained  his   conduct. 

TOL.  I.  X 


the 


IM 


stoneuenoe;  or. 


"  I  titought,"  said  he,  "  I  should  nenr 
mora  see  yoa.  We  shouted  and  called  for 
you,  Mid  I  wandered  about  the  forest  sedt- 
ing  you,  until  it  vras  dark ;  when,  just  as  I  w» 
about  giving  you  up  tor  lost,  iliis  poor  jaded 
horse,  which  I  hare  ridden  this  morning,  aad 
which,  you  see,  is  iho  one  you  rode  yesterday, 
trotted  up  to  mc  as  fast  as  his  tired  limbs  couU 
more,  and  then  dropt  down  with  exhausliga 
I^rceiving  that  tlie  rems  were  broken,  and  tl»t 
his  shoulders  were  stained  witli  blood,  1 
thought  that  Home  evil  accident  had  befalka 
you.  It  was,  however,  too  dark  tu  make  (at- 
ther  search,  and  I,  tlu-refore,  kindled  a  fiit 
in  llic  forest,  and  rested,  if  rest  it  might  be 
called,  until  day-break,  when  I  continued  i^ 
search  until  I  found  myself  near  home.  Bai, 
ohi  to  liiid  you  ioth  safe  was  marc  than  I 
expected,  particularly  as  1  saw  fires  flniuiBgin 
diflcrent  directions,  tlic  sight  of  wliich.  with 
the  fury  of  the  storm,  and  the  howls  of  tbt 
wild  lieafta  whidi  haunt  the  forest,  made  me 
pass  such  a  night  as  I  hope  never  to  past 
again." 

When  Rrnu  had  hnished  his  own  storr,  be 
asked  Pudcns  for  un  account  of  his  Bd\-entaRti 


Tlie    nOUAXS   IN    UltlTAIN. 


195 


and  pBtrticuUriy  desired  liini  to  relate  the  cause 
of  hi*  horficbeingsosuincd  withbliwd;  wliicli 
the  latter  told  him  aroiic  from  the  drcumxtnnce 
of  Un  haring  cAiricd  the  bonr'n  head  for  some 
distuice  before  them,  intending  to  tjike  it 
gut  a  trophf . 

Pudenii  luul  not  finished  }iis  nuraUve,  when 

I  interru))ted  by  a  violent  nnijie  at  the 

on  looking  out,  Kyno  saw  the  lord 

kwho  h«l  accuRed  his  nioti)er,  and  tuo  peasants 
irith  biin.  Concluding  that  their  design  was 
to  take  forcible  po&sesaion  of  tlic  e^tltagc,  he 
■died  the  Ovate'M  ax&fl  which  van  )>ciiind  the 
door,  Mid  nui  to  prevent  their  entranee ;  at  the 
amine  tine,  requesting  Pudens  tn  reach  doirn  a 
couple  of  javelins  which  were  hung  against  the 
wall,  an<l  to  come  to  his  assiatanoe. 
^P  **  Open  the  door,  and  let  me  conie  in,"  said 
the  Uchelwyr,  advancing  a  little  before  bis  two 
Kftttendanta. 

H    "Not  90,"  said  Kyno;  "you  must  first  tell 
Hpae  what  you  want." 

B     "  I    want    to   como    in"    answered    the 
^nJchcIwyr. 

H    «  That  is  very  Ukelv,"  replied  Ryno ;  *'  but  I 
Bwant  you  to  stay  out ;  and  out  you  shall  stay, 
tint'd  you  tell  me  your  business," 

K  3 


196 


ston'bhbn'qb;  or. 


"VilUiin!"  exclaimed  tlw  angry  lord;  "do 
yoa  know  who  I  am  ?" 

"  Yes,  I  know  you/'  nnsn-ered  Ryno  ;  **  the 
&lu  aocuser  of  «  poor  widow." 

**  Blood  and  thunder  I''  nved  the  infumtciJ 
Uchelwyr.  "  Do  yoo  mean  to  let  me  in, 
or  do  you  mean  to  hnro  your  cottage  bornt  to 
tlie  ground  'r" 

"  I  meiu)  neither  the  one  nor  the  otber," 
intwvred  Ryno,  firmly,  "  until  I  know  jtm 
business." 

"  My  business  ia,  then,  to  demnnd  tbt 
murderer  of  the  priest,  whom  you  are  harboiv- 
ing  at  your  peril,"  said  the  Uchelwyr. 

"  Tliero  ia  no  murderer  harboured  here/ 
aaid  Ryno,  coolly,  *'  if  that  is  your  buuncw." 

"  Let  mc  come  in  and  aee,"  dcmuuUd  thi 
Ucliclwyr. 

"  Let  the  hfiid-strong  old  fool  come  in,  i 
he  wants,'' said  Pudcns.  "I  warrant  me,  *t 
can  defend  ourselves  against  him.  and  a 
Imndnicl  such  fellows  as  he  has  brought  witk 
him." 

So  saying,  he  put  one  javcUn  into  Ryno^ 
hands,  and  retained  the  other  himseU^  whik 
Ryno  threw  open  the  door. 

The  Uchelwyr  no  sooner  looked  in,  than  W 


J 


TUB    BOVANB   IN    BRITAIN. 


197 


I 


mir  the  Ovate's  staff.  He^  therefore,  tamed 
round,  unci  beckoned  to  the  two  peasants  to 
come  forward  : — 

"  Follow  me— follow  mc  1"  said  he  to  thein  ; 

we  nrv  right  enough  now." 

"  I  knew  that  it  was  but  a  pretext  to  tnui^ 

er  my  mother,"  siud  Kyno  to  Pudcna  ;  **  bat 

1    would  have  this  proud  lurd  know,  that  a 

weapon  must  find  its  way  Uirough  my  heart, 

before  it  reaches  hers." 

**  I'erliapN  it  rany  reach  his  own  Bntt"  said 
PudeiM. 

**Do  Toar  duty — do  your  doty;  your  lives 
shall  answer  for  his  if  he  escapes,"  said  the 
lord,  addressing  his  men. 

All  three  now  came  rushing  forward,  as 
though  prepared  to  make  a  desperate  attack ; 
and  the  widow,  thinking  tliat  she  might  con* 
tribute  something  to  the  general  defence,  was 
about  to  seize  the  Ovatc'a  staff,  which  her  son 
had  exchanged  for  the  jarcUn,  when  the 
Uchelwyr  made  a  snatch  nt  it.  'I'his  was  the 
commencement  of  hostilities,  and  a  general 
scuffle  ensued;  which,  however,  lasted  only 
for  a  moment ;  for  Ryno,  thinking  that  the 
primary  object  of  this  visit  was  to  eject  his 
mother    by    violence,    sprang   forward,   and 


1M 


8T0NRIIBN0B;  OR, 


thruat  hU  weapon  through  the  body  of  tbe 
assailant. 

The  lord  dropt  dead   upon   the   threshold; 
and  the  jK'ssants,  takini;  to  flight  at   the  dealli 
of  their  leader,  were  fulluwctl  and  secured  b; 
Pudcna. 

The  faces  of  these  peasants  being  reiy 
known  to  R>'no,  he  asked  Uicm  what  cooM 
have  induced  tliem  to  attack  a  poor  londf 
widow's  houae,  in  such  a  brutal  manner;  tnt 
tliey  replied,  that,  beinc;  the  Uchelwyr'a  awioe- 
heriis,  he  tiad  commanded  tiicm  to  acoompanf 
him  in  endeavouring  to  discover  the  mardem 
of  the  prieHt. 

There  seemed  some  mjrstcry  about  this  ■!• 
leged  murder  of  a  priest,  which  neitlier  Pudcni 
nor  Kyno  were  able  tu  solve ;  but  upon  fortlMr 
inqutr}-,  the  peasants  gave  them  the  following 
account. — jVs  they  were  going  to  their  work 
in  the  morning,  they  had  met  a  young  Romoii. 
very  much  like  Pudena,  making  the  best  of 
his  way  in  Uie  direction  of  the  widoT*i 
eolta^.  I'hey  bad  not  ^ne  far,  before  the; 
heard  their  master's  voice  calling  them,  ud 
9WW  him  limping  towards  tliem.  He  told  lJ>eo 
that  some  person  had  just  murdered  a  priest, 
and  bad  almost  broken  bis  ovn  leg  with  a  stonci 


TBB   ROMAKS    IN    DIllTAtN. 


199 


¥ 


and  asked  them  if  they  hnd  seen  any  one  near. 
Tiiej  ififQrnie<l  him  tlint  they  had  met  a  young 
'Roinan.aml  alitotold  hini  whntdirection  he  had 
taken;  on  which  the  Ut-'helvryrimmcdiatelyconf 
mandcil  them  to  follow  him.  They  accordingly 
had  all  provided  themselves  with  c1ubs,and  mak- 
ing M  much  liaste  as  Uiey  could,  liad  happened, 
in  their  wiiy.  to  pass  the  widow's  house,  where 
they  had  stopped  to  inquire  whether  they  had 
Men  the  lloman.  They  had  no  intention, 
they  lud,  to  hurm  tlie  widow ;  nor  did  they 
believe  their  lord  hud  ;  hut  he  Itaring  shouted 
to  tJicm  that  he  had  Men  the  priest's  staff,  they 
had  concluded,  that  the  murderer  must  have 
brought  it  there  ;  and  had  accoidiagly  done 
their  best  to  secure  him. 

This  tile  waH  so  simple  that  it  seemed  im- 
possible todisbeliereit;  and  yet  so  mysterious, 
that  it  was  ntiiiost  as  difficult  to  comprehend 
it.  It  WAN,  therefure,  agreed  tlint  Pudens, 
Ryiio,  and  the  two  peasants,  should  proceed 
to  the  place  where  the  murder  was  alleged  to 
have  )>een  committed,  and  there  soke  the 
mystery,  at  heat  tliey  might. 

They  accordingly  proceeded  to  Stonehenge; 
and  there  they  mw  the  body  of  the  Ovate 
crushed  beneath  a  huge  stone,  and  so  disligured 


«n 


BTOKBflRNOB  ;  OR> 


that  it  could  hardly  be  Identified.  The  trulfa 
novr  flashed  across  the  mtnd  of  Pudens.  lit 
had  Kcured  the  extremity  of  the  tliong  to  the 
soperincumlwnt  stone  of  the  rrctrnlech  ;  and  in 
all  piobability,  the  priest  and  his  oompuuon 
being  awakened  suddenly  by  the  missile  whicti 
he  had  hurled  at  them,  and  cndcavooring  to 
extricau  themselves  from  their  fetters,  had 
preci[iitated  tlio  roof  stone  upon  the  prioL 
Thus,  apparently,  ended  his  infamous  life,  cm 
the  very  spot  where  ho  had  twice  plotted 
against  Pudens,  and  by  the  very  means  bj 
wliich  lie  had  designed  to  murder  him^ — hb 
mischief  Iic«rally  descending  upon  his  ova 
heul. 

"  Verily,  Ryno,"  said  Pudens,  as  he  turned 
away  his  eyes  in  horror  from  this  rcvoltini 
spectacle,  *'  your  piiests  are  not  wrong  in  ssfini 
(iiat  the  gods,  in  some  measure,  direct  human 
alfaira,  \^'c  hare  Iwth,  innocently,  and  almod 
unintentionally  slain  our  foes :  you  have  IuUhI 
the  traducer  and  oppressor  of  your  mother ;  and 
I  tho  man,  who  has  impiously  endeavoured, 
by  the  instruments  of  his  own  religiun,  and  tht 
ordeal  of  justice,  to  shed  my  blood." 

This  question  being  settled,  it  was  arrmnnd 
that  as  tltcre  was  but  one  horso  in   the  coo- 


THE    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


201 


pviy,  namely  the  King's,  upon  which  Pudens 
was  then  mounted,  uid  as  Ryno  knew  his  way 
to  the  royal  residence,  that  he  should  ride 
tbidier  immediately,  and  inibnn  the  family  of 
I\idens'8  welfere  j  and  thW  Pudens  should  re- 
turn for  the  present  to  the  widoVs  cottage,  to 
protect  her  at  this  crisis. 

It  ia  almost  unnecessary  to  add,  that  the  two 
serfs  were  abaolred  from  all  blame  in  the  late 
tnmsMtioQ. 


«S 


CHAPTER  VIII. 

Jam  Dunc  mliuci  mnriDare  tomnniD 

Pentrin^B  >iirei;  Jam  Ucni  >br«pant ; 
Jam  fntgor  armoniiii  fugace* 
Tcrret  equoi  equitnmque  raltoa. 

Audira  magno*  jam  Tideor  docea. 

Nod  iadecOTO  piilrere  aordidot. 

HOR,  LI*.  II,  SI 

Lo !  DOW  the  clarioa'a  voice  I  bear, 

lu  threat'Ding  iDurniuri  pierce  mf  ear ; 

And  in  tby  lioci  witb  braien  breath. 

The  tnimpel  aoanda  the  charge  of  deattii 
Now — DOW,  the  6»h  of  brandUhed  anna  alMgl 
Tbe  llf  log  iteed,  and  mara  the  lider'a  aight ! 

PsDliDg  with  Urror  t  inrve;, 

Tlie  martial  hott  in  dread  arraj; 

The  chiefa  how  valiant,  and  how  jnat! 

Defiled  with  not  ingloriona  duaU 

rii«ii< 

PuDENB   returned  to  the  widow's    ootb 


TUB    BOUANH    tS    BRITAIN. 


203 


I 

I 
I 


noj-ance,  as  he  vas  anxiou*  to  render  on 
BCcoant  of  his  adventures  to  tlie  faoiUy  of 
Arrinigus ;  particularly,  as  he  did  not  know 
liow  far  his  rival  might  turn  his  absence  U) 
Ills  own  advantage ;  and  he  had  learned  from 
the  conversation  betw'ccn  the  Ox'atc  and  the 
Uchelwjrr,  tliat  Roscrana's  fate  was  to  be 
decided  on  the  day  ftfter  the  morruvr.  The 
yellow  fiend,  however,  did  not  so  disturb  his 
tranquillity,  hut  that,  as  evening  advanced,  he 
un ceremoniously  dropped  off  into  a  profound 
sluniber,  in  the  midst  of  one  of  mine  hostess's 
prosy  talea. 

ITie  widow  was  by  no  means  inclined  to 
follow  his  example :  for  a  tliousand  niingivings 
and  maternal  fears  began  to  corrode  her  mind, 
when  the  oonver&ation  ceased,  and  she  had 
leisure  to  reflect  on  the  deeds  of  the  morning. 
Kvcr  and  anon  would  she  start  from  her  scat, 
and  look  out  and  listen  at  the  door ;  and, 
sooth  to  say,  she  heard  other  sounds  besides 
e  of  the  nif^ht  winds,  nhich  her  perturbed 
represented  tu  he  the  shrieks  of  the 
ghost  which  had  commenced  its  wanderings 
Turn  her  Uircsliold.  Her  terrors,  however, 
not  altogether  imaginary ;  for  lights,  tike 
it  WRtch-fircs,    bc^Q    to    gleam   in   ihv 


304 


STONR>IK\Ce;    OK, 


horizon ;  and  she  henrd,  or  fancied  that  she 
heard,  the  clang  of  Ihe  gong  or  shield,  with 
which  the  Britons  were  wont  to  summon  tbeit 
lioats  to  amis. 

She  resolved  now  to  wake  Padens  ;  hot  on 
approaching  him,  Ke  seemed  wrapped  in  such 
a  profound  sleep,  that  she  kindly  forbore,  and 
returned  more  nnxious  than  ever  to  her  post  of 
ulKCrvntion.  After  watching  for  a  little  whild 
n  beacon  light  began  to  rear  its  crest  fnm 
the  summit  of  Old  Snniin'K  bill,  which  sbt 
knew  was  an  unequivocal  alarm,  only  Ughtni 
up  in  cases  of  extreme  ui;gcncy.  She  bu 
longer,  therefore,  hesitated  to  arouse  her 
slumbering  guest. 

His  iirst  act,  on  being  awakened,  was  to  ihaak 
her  for  delivering  him  from  his  disagracaUe 
dream  i  for,  owing  |x>sstbly  to  the  uncomfoR- 
able  position  into  which  he  had  collnpsed,  hii 
imagination  had  mixed  all  the  horrible  tklct 
which  the  widow  had  told  bim  into  ons 
dream ;  and  he  thought  that  an  airy  »h■p^ 
bearing  the  semblance  of  his  brave  friend, 
Brennos,  had  appenred  to  bim,  his  lai 
and  bloody,  and  tlio  stars  shining  tliruu 
form. 

In  the  midst  of  liis  relation  of  thb 


nboi 


I 

I 


TIIB    ROUAN8    tS    BRITAIN. 


Pudcnt  wns  inUnmiptcd  by  the  Round  of  several 
Uteps  ap[>roac)iing  the  Itoutc.  The  wittow, 
peeping  through  «  crevice  of  tiie  door,  saw  « 
numberof  Brmed  men  ndvancing  with  torches; 
wlio,  as  her  rmd  was  not  ntnong  them,  she 
took  U  for  granted,  were  eoine  to  attack  her 
house.  In  a  moment,  tlie  tiinorouit  mother 
was  tnuisforined  into  the  courageous  heroine, 
and  she  ran  to  all  parts  of  the  house  for 
weapons,  while  Pudens  attempted  to  fortify 
it. 

A  violent  knocking  was  now  beard,  which 
she  wished  to  reply  to,  by  throwing  a  bnuid 
taken  from  her  hearth  into  the  midst  of  t}ie 
assailants  ;  but  Pudeits  oouiiKlled  her  at  least 
to  ascertain  tlieir  purpose  which  she  accordingly 
demanded.  He  was  answered  at  onoe  by 
some  balf-doxen  voices,  each  rendering  Uie 
other  unintelli^blc.  Tliia  the  widow  thought 
a  suRicient  declaration  of  hostility  ;  so, 
seizing  the  caldron,  in  whicli  her  son's  sapper 
■was  being  cooked,  in  tlic  comer  of  tlic  hearth, 
she  stood  ready  for  defence.  By  this  time,  the 
party  outside  had  had  the  prudence  to  elect 
•  speaker,  who  soon  gave  the  besieged  to 
understand,  that  Uie  Romans  had  made  an 
attack,  and  that  they  were  on  thor  way  to  the 


S06 


STONEUBNOe;    OR, 


scene  of  action,  and  had    called    upon   the 
widow's  Bon  to  accompany  tfacm. 

On  boing  informed  that  young  Ryno  wm 
absent,  they  dcpttrted  without  fiirtber  deity; 
and  glad  would  Pud  ens  have  been  to  acoom- 
puiy  them;  but  the  widow  bcg;gcd  him  to 
remain  for  her  protection. 

The  night  was  still;  and  as  they  Ustcned  M 
the  door,  they  caught  the  alternating,  umI 
sometimes  confuned  sounds  of  the  dtstanl 
trampling  of  homos — the  softened  clangour  at 
the  trumpet — Uie  tlirilling,  but  suhducd,  rcni^ 
beretions  of  tlic  smitten  war  Nhictd  —  oad, 
occasionally,  an  indistinct  murmur  apparently 
of  mingled  ahoulaand  groans.  As  theiie  soondi 
fell  upon  the  ears  of  Fudciis,  his  hand  dencbttl 
his  dagger,  and  his  eyes  darted  fire,  and  he 
strode  backwards  and  forwards,  evincing  men 
impatience  than  the  war-horse,  when  tlic 
trumpet's  hoarM!  brar  makes  him  breatlic 
flames  irom  his  distended  nostrils,  and  on 
tbe  ground  till  it  smohcs  beneath  his  hoofs. 

About  midnight  they  heard  a  noise,  as  of 
flight  and  pursuit,  near  their  dwelling  ;  ind 
before  they  had  time  to  mnke  pre]>nratiunB  far 
their  defence,  tivo  horsemen  were  at  their  door. 
One  of  tliem,  a  Koman  officer,  instantly  thitv 


TUB    ROMANS   IN    BRlTAty. 


S07 


I 


himself  off  his  hone,  and  with  sword  in  hand 
barst  in  upon  them.  Pudens  immediately 
'rushed  forth  to  close  iii  with  him.  Witii  arms 
upraised,  and  weapons  pointed  nt  eacli  other's 
breasts,  each  gaxed  in  his  &titagoniitl'!t  face  for 
a  moment ;  when — strange  to  say^their  wea- 
pons fell  from  their  hands  \ 

**  Pudens  V  cried  one-  "  lanus  I"  said  th« 
otlier ;  and  tlicy  emhraocd  with  the  warmest 
eicpTCSsionB  of  friendship. 

As  soon  OS  tlicir  mutuid  surprise,  and  more 
intense  emotions,  had  a  little  subsided,  Linus 
■poke— 

I  "By  Mars,  Pudens  I  I  thought  that  we  had 
long  ago  taken  our  last  embrace.  How  came 
you  here  ?  Where  have  you  been  ?  What  arc 
you  doing?  Where  is  your  armour?"  adding 
some  half-dozen    more   questions,    without  a 


^single  pause  between. 


Pudens,  without  answering  one  of  them, 
propounded  at  least  as  many  more ;  and  tliey 
■gain  embraced  ;  at  length,  Linus,  recollecting 
his  business,  said— 

"  This  is  no  time  for  salutations,  my  Pudens! 
come  with  me  to  th«  battle,  or  rather  to  the 
pursuit,  for  ttic  battle  b  over. 


308 


flTONEHBNOE;    OA, 

exclaimed     Pudens. 


WiMt 


"  Battle  I " 

Uttlef 

"  Wliy,  with  th«ae  aocuraed  Britons,"  repbed 
UnU3. 

Pudens,  though  most  anxious  to  join  ha 
friend,  told  him  tliat  he  was  entruHt«(j  with  tlw 
protection  of  the  widow,  who,  he  kindly  tH, 
had  sheltered  him  ;  and  tliat  he  must  not 
desert  her.  Linus  suon  devised  a  ptnn  lor 
relieving  him  from  his  office,  and  at  tite  same 
time  of  enabhng  him  to  fulfil  liis  duty.  Calhu 
in  a  soldier  of  subordinate  rank,  vrhu  liid 
accompanied  liim,  he  gsve  the  widow  in  chjtf|t 
to  hini)  and  ordered  him  to  deliver  up  liia  hone 
to  Pudens. 

Our  hero,  having  reiterated  hix  injunction* 
for  the  widow's  safety,  tore  liimicelf  from  her 
supplications ;  and  lie  and  Luiua  mountnl 
their  horses  and  galloped  off. 

Notwithstanding  their  hurry,  however,  as 
might  have  been  expected,tliey  won  slackened 
their  paee,  and  entered  into  conversatMo, 
Linus  being  the  first  to  break  silence : 

"Well,  my  Pudenx— *  Pw^Jeiu  prapef'  u 
Horace  says;  *  I  am  right  glad  that  old  Charan 

*  Tbit  M«m*  ui  nnptrdonablc  pna,  naik    by   Liaat  afM 


THE    ROMANS    IN     BRITAIN. 

:  not  cbeoted  y oa  out  of  yoar  last  few  faalf- 

i pence  yet." 
"  I  am  as  glad,"  repUed  Pudcns,  "to  think, 
tlint  he  has  not  made  applictitioii  to  you  for 
^our  Akra ;  though  he  must  hare  been  content, 
I  imagine,  to  have  taken  puii.t  from  you  instead 
of  penoei  for  I  suppose  that  )'our spirits  arc  as 
high,  and  your  exchequer  is  ns  low,  as  ever ;  ch } 
my  liniTc  fellow '.'' 

k"  Mueh  as  usual,"  answered  l^nus  ;— 


M«>  »um  pinpf  r  io  M« : 

IHW.  sn*.  Ill  t. 


I 


rlat  ns  hear  your  adrcnturcs." 
"  Kay,'*  said  Pudcns,  willing  to  fall  in  with 
inus's  gay  humour  as  much  as  possil)tc>  as 
the  only  way  of  drawing  from  him  the  infor- 
maliiin  he  wanted.  "  Another  time  I  will  giro 
yuu  uH  many  puns,  and  as  much  poetry,  as 
you  please  :~ 


Nod  me  ouminibui  rinctt  n>e  nnriui  Orplieiu, 

*iBo.  Ktu  T.  as. 

ut  my  story  is  too  long  to  be  began  now  ;  and 

be  (Dtlowlog  rerM  of  H«nMit  •■ — 

Cur  atKtre,  fuOnu  fnri,  ^alm  ilnMN  ■•lo. 

Jit  An.  Pmi.  v.  88. 


310 


btonebenok;  or, 


I  Am  bumiiig  with  impatience  to  heur  Mtmr- 
thing  about  this  battle.  Tlie  Britons,  yoa  nj, 
are  flying ; — wm  the  King  there  ?  You  fril  on 
them  quite  uiiexpe<:tedly,  did  you  not }  Ww 
it  s  battle,  or  a  mere  skirmish,  like  that  in 
vhich  we  part«d  company  ?" 

"  To  begin  at  the  end  of  your  catechtm," 
replied  Linus  ;  **  it  was  a  much  more  reputable 
b£^  than  that,  in  every  respect  j  aone 
hundreds  of  the  enemy  are  slain  ;  and  I  on 
a.ssurc  you  they  fought  like  blazes,  *  as  Hotas 
says.     It  began"— 

"  Ah  !  when  did  it  begin  ?  **  interrupttd 
Pudens ;  **  and  were  any  of  the  chiefs  on  the 
other  nde  slatn  ?" 

"I  was  going  to  tell  you/'  resumed  Linn; 
"  and  if  you  will  not  interrupt  me,  I  will  ba|^ 
at  tlie  beginning,  and  relate  to  you  all  I  kna« 
about  it.  Well,  you  must  know  that  yes- 
terday"— 

"  Stay,"  said  Pudens,  *'  let  me  oak  you  dm 
question  first.     Is  the  King  alive  or  dead?" 

"  I  khould  hope  that,  by  this  time,  he  is  tafcca 

'ThEi,  whicb  w«  dow  coDiJiler  ■  tlug  e(preMio*iiit 
UlcrnI  mniUdoD  of  the  foltoiring  line  :— 

"Qs  ot  fily  fiipvavrii  H/tof  wvfibt  ai9oiii¥Of 

lU  A.  &9S. 


,8= 


ft. 


THB    nOUAKi    in    DBtTAIN. 

prisoner,"  answered  Linus,  '•  for  we  wore  all 
in  pursuit  uf  him :  but  noir  let  me  t«II  my 
•tOTy  in  my  own  manner,  and  then  you  wilt 
know  nil  the  particulars." 

"Then  I  beseech  you,  by  Jove,  to  com- 
mence," said  Pudcns,  impatiently. 
I  "Well,  then,"  pursued  Linus,  "to  begin 
or  rather  to  begin  again.  You  must  know  tliat 
yesterday — nay,  the  day  before  yesterday,  our 
general  sent  a  detachment  from  his  eamp,  near 

raiiboume  Chace,  to  demand  satisfaction  of 
the  Kin;  of  tlie  Belgie  fur  the  attack  which  some 
h>«  of  jwople  had  matle  upon  us,  when  tliey  slew 
Valens,  imd,  ta  we  thought,  yourself  likewise. 
It  happened  that,  ta  the  deputntion  passed 
tlirou^^b  tlie  skirts  of  a  forest,  on  their  way  in 
ibis  cmhassn^,  our  centurion  saw  a  huge  pair 
antlers  lying  under  a  tree.  He  was  struck 
with  their  enormous  size,  and  was  about  to 
carry  them  oflP,  when  some  young  upstart  of  ■ 
berharian  chief  came  up  and  claimed  tltem  as 
bis  own,  alleging  that  be  )«d  destroyed  the 
mooae-decr  to  which  they  had  belonged.  When 
Furens,  (for  the  centurion  was  our  old  friend 
Furens,)  felt  satisfied  of  the  justice  of  the  claim, 
uftcr  some  little  altercation,  he  gave  tliem  up ; 


sia 


ftTONEU£NOK;  on, 


wlitch  tie  had  no  sooner  done,  than  Uie  duiunl 
tauntingly  »id,  *  tliat  it  was  fortanate  for  faia 
he  had  done  so,  or  he  would  have  treated 
him  as  he  had  the  sta^.'  The  temper  ol  oU 
Furens,  as  you  knov,  answers  too  «tli 
to  his  name  to  hear  such  a  taunt  as  this;  ud 
he  replied,  therefore,  indignantly  *  that  if  tbc 
young  Jbol  who  had  said  tlta^  would  Tcntcn 
to  rest  his  claim  upon  might  rather  than  ryU, 
be  would  undertalco  not  only  to  reooTer  ^ 
horns,  but  to  string  him  up  at  one  end,  and 
the  fellowwlio  was  carrying  them,  at  iticother.' 
The  upstart  braggadocio  made  no  answer,  boi 
rode  a  little  distance,  and  then  turning  roaaA 
shot  an  amw  at  Furens.  The  arrow  fortonatd; 
misHd  \  and  Furens  immediately  maitM 
up,  and  wTcsted  tite  horns  out  of  tlie  hands  i' 
their  bearer.  Hereupon,  the  daimant  rode  xi 
to  call  his  companions  to  his  assiittance ;  foe. 
as  1  should  have  mentioned,  there  had  bem » 
grand  hunting  match  on  that  day  among  ik 
Britons,  and  the  party  were  just  returning. 

*'  Well,  as  ill  fate  would  have  it,  our  sn 
were  all  straggling  and  struggling  througb  tl» 
brakes  of  that  accursed  wood,  when  tbc 
hunters  came  up ;  and  before  our  party  codd 


THE    ROMANS    IN     OlttTAIN. 


313 


form,   &   shower  of  arrowK   fell    upon   them, 

each  of  which,  I  verily  believe,  brought  down 

Mb     victim.      Our     men     were,    of    course, 

^Pthrovn    into    confusion    by  this   unexpected 

V* attack;  and  the  savages,  availing  tlicniselves 

of  this  circumstance,  fell  upon  them  witli  their 

hunting   knives.      What  could  our  men  do? 

— they  did  not    know    their  way,   and   they 

I      could  not  sec  the  number  of  their  encmien ; 

H  while  the  revcrbenttions  of  their  yells,  which 

were  repeated  by  a  hundred  echoes,  made  them 

appear  numberless.    A  panic  seised  our  troops, 

I  and  they  took  to  flight ;  and  had  only  to  ttiank 
^pthe   tired  jades  of  their  enemies,  tluit  any  of 

tliein  escaped,  although,  as  it  was,  out  of  more 
thxii   fifty   choice  men,  only  twenty-three  re- 

II  turned  to  the  camp. 

H     "  Well,   aa    you    may  suppose,  we  made 
~  up   our  minds    for  battle    and    revenge,   on 
^tfao  morrow,  and  in  this  Fortune  particaiaily 
^pavoured  us;    for  the  trcotendoas   storm  ex- 
tinguished the  beacon  fires  of  the   barbarian, 
and  the  thunder  drowned   the  sound  of  their 
elan^ng  shields.     [luwc\xr,titcy  were  not  idle, 
that  night,  I  can  assure  yon;  for  next  mom* 
ing,  as  soon   as   tt  was   light,  we  saw  them 
st  no  great  distance  pouring   m,   with   tlieir 
scythed  chariots,  wicker  vagei 


^14 


STONKnKNOB;   OR, 


women,  rougli  wild-looking  horses,  and 
naked  fellows  niniiing  by  their  side.  * 

"The  numbers  were  not  very  unequal.  Wt 
had  eighteen  hun(]r«d  men,  among  wliom  nrr 
nearly  tlie  whole  of  the  ninth  l^on,  kftd  I 
suppose  the  barbitrians  tiad  rather  more  tluc 
two  tliousand  efrecli%'e  men,  besides  an  im- 
mense crowd  of  women  and  priexts,  whon 
they  ranged  round  as  spectators.  Tbct 
were  foolishly  deceived,  by  the  number  of  tk 
latter,  into  the  vain  hope  of  suTToundini;  ta. 
and  therefore  divided  their  amiy  into  tvi 
wings  ;  the  one  nearer  me  being  led  b;  a 
young  chief,  the  son  of  the  King  I  prcsniw; 
and  the  other  by  their  King  in  [writon.  That 
King  came  to  the  battle  in  a  inagnifioool  at, 
with  an  old  bard  by  his  aide ;  and  scvct«1  Dnidi 
seemed  to  attend  liirn.  Arviragus — for  thd 
is  the  name,  by  whicli  the  barbarians  call  tkir 
King— dismounted,  and  began  to  address  )a 
army,  adverting  to  all  the  usual  topic*  UU) 
to  inspire  tliein,  and  telling  tbem  *  that  tlbt) 
were  now  called  upon  to  defend  not  onlj 
their  wives  and  children,'  Co  whom  he  poiatid 
as  tltc  witnesses  of  their  valuur,  *  and  tto 
freedom,'  which  he  told  them  they  enjo)i^ 
while  tliey  xaw  their  countrymen  arooaj 
•  Tw.  Af  r.,  &c.,  119,120. 


THE   ROUAS-S   IK    BRITAIN. 


215 


[  tre«t«tl  K9  kUvcs,  and  even    as  beitsta  of  bur- 

Itlien,   but  tliat  tbcy   were   to    fight   far  tlukt 

[^hiclt   was   deturer   than  even   freedom    itwlf 

— tti<'ir  religion ;  wliich,'  he  said,  '  Iiad  sougtit 

its  lust  refuge   among  them.      The  altars   of 

^  their  gods/ lie  told  them,  *  were  almost  within 

sight ;  and  their  godii  themselves  evinced,  by 

the   thunders  with  whidi  they  had   rent  the 

I  heavens  on  the  night  before,  that  they  would 
not  suffer   llteir  holjr   fanes   to  be   violated.' 
He,  therefore,  conjured  tliem,  by  the  uiered 
firen  which   hud    xo  often    lighted    up   tliose 
groves,    by    tlie    midnight    hymns   in   which 
they   had   mingled  their  praises ;  and  by  the 
immortal     happiness    which,    lie    said,    tlicir 
priests  had  taught,  and  their  gods  alone  could 
bestow,  and   vulour  and  virtue  alone    oould 
Hinberit,  to   pursue   the  cowards,    as   h«  was 
^nleasL-d  to  call  us,  who  had  fled  before  them 
^nrcaterday. 

^P    <*  1   have    just   gii-en  you    the  topiea^  as 
Cicero  calls  litem,"  continued  Linus;    "bat 
af   cours<.-    I    have    not   done  justice   to  the 
barbarian's  eloquence,  as  my  memory  is  nut 
mo«t  retentive." 
«*Nay,"  replied    Pudonih  t  bem. 

ntening  with  great  impati<  <  '\t»X 

jur  imagination  lias  *wiy-  •>-. 


916 


btonruenoe;  or, 


tell  me  truly,  now,  did  Arriragus  make  s  ipeedi 
like  the  one  you  have  reported  ?  or  did  he  tiukc 
one  at  all  ?  or  iT  be  did,  were  jroo  vidua 
beftiing  ?  or  have  you  been  getting  up  tfaii,  hf 
my  of  exerase  in  decUmation  r" 

"By  Mercury,  t}wn,"  si^id  Linus,  "be  A 
make  an  oration,  as  near  as  1  cnn  rectillcct  lib 
what  I  have  related  ;  and  to  tell  you  the  tmtk, 
I  never  heard  in  our  college  at  VenaiUa,  m 
from  any  one  of  our  Greek  sophists  at  Koom^i 
more  elegant  harangue.  If  I  ha%-e  sohalh 
tutoi)  any  iopiea  of  niy  own,  it  has  beta 
entirely  unintentional,  and  only  because  1  hut 
been  revolving  this  speech  in  my  minil,  sii 
good  theme  for  my  next  declamation.  But  u 
appreciate  tlie  escellcnoe  of  Uie  barhuiant 
speech,  you  should  have  seen  the  patxiutic  glo*. 
tlie  martial  ardour,  the  dinnccntliusiasia,son 
•peak,  n-liich  lighted  up  the  countcnancv  of  tk 
speaker.  It  is  enough  to  say,  that  althongb  k, 
was  my  enemy,  I  thought  1  had  never  seeoij 
finer  fellow  in  my  life. 

"  But    to    return    from     my     digrauoal 
the   barbarians   raised  a   ruosi    tcrrilic 
at  the  do«e  of    this  address  ;      tbc 
went,  from  rank  to  rank,    to    encour 
men  ;    but    that,     which    Imd     tl 
efleet  upon  th«iu,  was  a  war-son 


THE    BOUAKS    IV    BltlTAIN. 


217 


^ 


kn  old  ulvcry-Iiairctl  bard,  dressed  in  a  lon^ 
blue  mantle,  with  a  harp  in  his  band.  There 
mast  have  been  some  magic  in  that  old  man's 
harp— for  «  few  sweeps  seemed  to  inspirit 
them  to  madness:  tlte  very  horses  champed, 
and  shook  (Itcir  dun-ing  manes,  and  plunged 
lake  the  wild  horses  of  Thcssaly,  when  stung 
by  the  dragon-tly.  For  my  own  pert,  although 
at  some  distance,  and  not  pcTfoctly  under- 
standing the  latiguftge,  every  line  seemed 
inspired  with  the  sentiment^ 


Pn>  pkttla  mml '. 


Duke  el  ilccomm  r*ta 


Here  Pudcns  waxed  risibly  impatient. 
"  Ah !   I  see  you  are  extremely  impatient," 
itinued  Linos ;  "  but  I  will  malce  no  mure 
Jigresstons. 

"  Well,  after  this  ww-song,  their  battalions 
^rmed ;  their  veterans  rushing  forward  to  be 
nc4kr  tlieir  King,  who,  alighting  from  his  car, 
fought  on  foot;  and  the  roung  men  rallying 
rcund  the  young  ehtcf,  who  led  them  in  a 
magnificent  scythed  chariot ;  to  give  the 
barbarians  tlteir  due,  what  with  Uie  glitter 
tlieir  arma,  and  the  bright  oolcrar  of  their 
vol.  I.  *■ 


218  stonehengb;  ok, 

tartans,  which  their  prindpal  men  wore,  among 
whom  were  here  and  there  a  priest  in  white, 
nnd  a  bard  in  blue  —  their  appearance  vh 
certainly  very  imposing.  Oar  general,  of 
course,  did  not  forget  to  harangue  na,  bat 
his  speech  was  cut  very  short  by  the  impt- 
tuosity  of  our  foes.  I  must  now  describe  to 
you  the  order  of  the  battle.  The  Friiiin 
cohort — " 

"  We  will  discuss  the  order  of  the  batdt 
when  we  have  more  leisure, "  interpMcd 
Pudcns ;  "  but  what  was  the  result  ?" 

"  Wliy,  we  cut  them  off  almost  to  a  man," 
answered  Linus ;  "  but  for  all  that  we  have  tuH 
much  to  boast  of,  for — " 

"  Wliat  became  of  the  King  ?"  interrupted 
Pudens. 

"  He  escaped,  I  believe,  as  I  told  you  be- 
fore"," replied  Linus, 

"  Ay,  you  did  so,  I  recollect,"  said  Pudens; 
"  but  did  you  hear  anything  about  hii 
family  ?» 

"  Nothing  at  all,"  Linus  replied. 

'•  Well,  let  us  press  forward,"  said  Pudeiu; 
"  I  am  anxious  to — " 

The  rest  of  this  sentence  was  drowned  by 
the  clangour  of  his  horse's  hoofs,  as  he  ur^ 


BbOD 


TnC    BOUANS  IN    SRtTAIN.  319 


^it  to  full    8pe«cl.    lliii  speed,  hon-cvcr,   was 

>aiewlMt  mudented  by  Linui,  wlio  Ix^ged 

hit  frioid  to  nmember  thkt  he  liitd  ridden  all 

night  in  pursuit  of  the  fue.     After  a  considcr- 

•blc  p*U£C,  PudoDK  muinvd  the  convcnation. 

"  Do  you  know  what  became  of  the  young 
"chief?" 

"  1  know  thus  much,"  answered  his  friend, 
"that  the  youD§  iMtrbarLan  idmost  lamed  the 
K*le  against  aa  several  times.    By  Jorc,  he 
fought  like  his  own  bloody  llcsus,  "  to  whom 
he   sacrificed   a   hecatomb  of  our  men.     His 
&ther  had  scarcely  struck   the  sounding  boss 
of  hiii  bucklex,  before  he  was  in  the  midst  of 
our  nmkii,  or  I  shoidd  rather  say  had  gone 
through  them;  for,  aa  die   barbarians  tried  to 
I      surround  us,  we  were  obliged  to  weaken  our 
^■^nes,  by  drawing  them  out  as  long  as  possible. 
^H^'ell,  this  young  sa^'agc,  followed  by  a  few 
P^nore   desperate   fellows,    drove    his    scythed 
cliariot  aloiig  in  front  of  our  lines,  like  light- 
ning ;  at  the  same  time  throwing  javelins,  and 
rattling  his  arms,  till   our   horses  became  so 
terrified  tliat  ihcy  almost  trampled  each  other 
to  death.    It  was  no  use  to  burl  your  javcliits 
kt  him ;  for  if  you  tlirew  them  direct,  be  Iwd 

■  Th*  Britiih  &lir« 

I.  2 


320 


STONBHBNaB;    OB, 


gone  forward  an  immeiue  distance  before  the; 
could  have  rvach«d  him  ;  And  when  some  fifty 
javelins  were  all  aimed  u  little  in  adrmnce,  be 
stopped  his  honus,  galloping  at  full  speedy 
and  turning  theni  round  suddenly,  flew  ofl 
in  quite  a  different  direcuon.  When  he  n» 
our  carulry  in  confusion,  he  rushed  into  thf 
very  midst  of  us,  and  with  those  tluio- 
accursed  scythes  at  the  wheels,  mowed  n 
down  Uke  grass.  I  am  almost  ashamed  to  WJ 
it,  but  really  he  twice  drove  tliruugli  our  rub, 
despite  all  our  efforts  to  oppose  him.  Ksf, 
what  seems  almost  incredible  is,  tliat  one  of 
our  rocn  having  seized  his  horse's  rein,  he  lu 
along  the  pole,  and  thrast  a  javelin  into  Ibt 
fellow's  throat,  niid  regained  his  scat  vitb 
perfect  ease,  while  his  chariot  was  in  fid 
speed ;  and  when  he  saw  our  javcUns  fijing 
afWr  hi*  chariot,  tic  leaped  out  amongst  a. 
with  no  other  defence  than  his  bronzed  buckler, 
and  laid  about  him  with  his  sword,  Iikt 
another  Cvsor.  Our  men  were  panio>struck; 
tliey  could  not  be  nmdo  to  believe  tliat  the* 
were  contending  with  a  mortal,  and  tied  (na 
bim  as  if  he  had  been  Mors  himself;  and  it 
was  almost  impuHsibh;  to  rally  thciu.  Indeed, 
I  feel  certain  thut  the  day  would  have  beta 


THB   ROMANB  IN  BRITAIN.  321 

loit,  if  oar  general  had  not,  juat  at  this  crisis, 
■rot  me  up  with  a  fresh  detachmeDt,  by  whom 
die  brare  fellow  was  surrounded,  and  escape 
was  reDdered  impossible.  However,  he  was 
not  dismayed,  but  resolved  to  seU  his  life  as 
deurly  as  possible.  We  offered  to  spare  it  if 
he  would  snTTender  himself  peaceably ;  but  he 
aeomfially  asked  whether  we  could  be  such 
fools  as  to  hope  to  glut  our  eyes  with  the 
tpectade  of  himself  walidng  in  chiuos  at  our 
triumph.  The  thought  seemed  to  goad  him  to 
madness ;  he  fought  tenfold  more  desperately, 
^-«nd  at  last  fell,  covered  with  wounds," 


STONBHENOB  ;    on. 


CHAFTER  IX. 

The  gny  uion 
Dawns  on  the  moyrnful  tccnc;  ihc  lalphuTa*!  (moke 
Bclorc  the  icy  wliid  duwiolU  araj. 

There  incki  »f  bk>o4 
Rtcii  lotUc  foml't  (li)pib,BDd»t*t((iicil  arui*i 
And  lifcliHi  iricriar*.  wliotc  hard  Ilocunenu 
Dtath'a  Mir  eoulil  chungc  not,  nikrk  the  dnajfal  palk 
01  Ihr  oul(nllyin)[*ioCi>r*i 

fltlBLLBV't  VVXm   MIB. 


An  PudenB  and  IJiiub  puraueil  their  vitj, 
the  former  detailing  the  events  of  the  recent 
battle,  and  Uie  latter  listening;  irith  s  tcarfol  vjt 
and  a  heavy  heart  to  the  glorious,  bat  fiud, 
exploits  of  Brennus,  they  approached  a  laifc 
lire,  which,  like  the  radiant  column  that  gaida! 
the  wanderings  of  ihc  IlcSrcws  of  old,  fawl 
nerved  to  direct  tJicir  benighted  steps.  Mclaa- 
chuly,  indeed,  was  the  spectacle  which  tbt 
lurid  glare  of  this  fire  revealed  to  thent,  am! 
well  worthy  of   being    exhiliited  by  such  a 


TUB    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN.  23.'; 

light ;  for  this  light  proceeded  from  the  funeral 
pyre! 

On  entering  the  Romui  ciim;>.  they  found 
ail  bustJc  and  actirity  ;  for,  with  the  exception 
of  some  few  who  had  returned  from  the  pur- 
suit,  an<l  w)iu  had  fallen  asleep  in  tlie  midst  of 
the  dead,  from  sheer  exhaustion  anil  fatigue, 
nunc  were  idle. 

Some  were,  with  aoldicra'  stealthy  teary, 
bearing  their  relatives  or  comrades  to  the 
flunes;  others  were  tending  the  wounded  ; 
Bomt  were  securing  prisoners  ;  and  others 
heaping  together  the  spoil.  Here,  persons 
were  turning  over  the  hea[>a  of  mangled  budioi 
to  End  their  friends ;  and  tltere  two  or  three 
were  eontending  for  the  right  of  paying  tlte  IsmH 
kind  oHices  to  some  distigured  corpse,  whidi 
sU  cbimed,  but  none  could  identify. 

The  battle  had  been  comparatively  inoon- 
nderahle,  as  far  as  the  numbers  of  the  contend- 
ing parties  were  concerned,  hut  it  hud  been 
attended  with  prodigious  carnage  ;  fur  the 
Britons  fought  desperately  ;  and  after  their 
Prince  liad  been  slain,  and  their  King  had 
been  defeated,  many  rushed  recklessly  upon 
the  swords  of  the  Romans.  Some,  indeed,  not 
finding  their  wim  uid  little  ones  where  they 


224 


btokbhenok;  or. 


had  left  thetn,  or  where  they  fancied  they  lai, 
for  in  their  <listraction  Uicy  often  decdwri 
tltemseke*, — returned  ngnin  to  the  iin«]ul 
contest ;  while  many  of  the  poor  peasantrr  m 
even  reported  to  hnve  slain  their  wires  nj 
children,  prompted  by  n  mixture  of  despair  idJ 
cruel  compiLxsion,  Icxt  tliey  should  fall  into  tbt 
hands  of  their  hardly  more  merciless  ricton. 
As  may  he  su]>]>osed,  Puden*  belield  this  kcm 
with  emolioriM  which  he  cared  not  to  manifn^ 
feding  that  they  could  meet  witli  no  sytofalOrf 
in  this  moment  of  excitement.  It  waa  to  Un 
an  though  one  of  his  friends  had  ^lain  anotbtr 
equally  hcloved  hy  him.  Neither  the  TicUn 
nor  tlie  vanquished  were  Am  foes;  and  vba 
the  sounds  of  preparation  for  a  carouse  aftv 
victory  foil  in  hcart-rerolting  dissonance  opoa 
his  cars,  he.  inslinctivcly  as  it  were,  strolM 
away  from  the  Itomaii  camp,  and  puM^ 
silently  and  sorrowfully  into  Uie  deserted  qtar- 
ters  of  the  Britons. 

Here  all  was  still  as  death  ;  for  indeed  •cute 
aught  but  dcatli  surrounded  him,  except  that 
now  and  then  a  feeble  grxMin  waa  heard  fnm 
some  indiscriminate  henp,  where  the  superin- 
cumbent load  of  chill  mortality  seemed  to  pren 
out  the  waning,  but  still  lingering,  life  < 


TUB   ROHANt  IX    nRITAIN. 


SS5 


wounded  and  helpless.  There  was  no  stir  here, 
hut  tliat  of  th«  pillaging  conqueror  sCrippini; 
llie  slain. 

While  walking  with  commiserating  %te\i 
among  heapa  of  mangled  remains,  half  wishing, 
half  fearing,  to  find  the  gory  remains  of  his 
Ut«  friend,  the  hravc  and  generous  Brennux, 
he  heard  a  noise,  as  if  of  a  person  iligging ;  aii<l 
on  directing  his  siglit  to  the  quarter  from 
whence  it  proceeded,  beheld  at  ■  slight  distance 
him,  the  venerable  figure  of  old  Morgan, 
was  vainly  attempting  to  drag  a  body  into 
a  grave,  which,  witli  infinite  toil,  lie  had  pre* 
pared  for  it.  Pudcns  advanced  to  lend  him 
asBUitaneo ;  but  the  old  roan,  seeing  his  Komaii 
i;arb,  but  not  discerning  his  features,  told  him 
mockingly,  that  there  were  no  spoiU  to  be  had 
there.  Nor  did  he  seem  much  more  amii^ably 
disposed  when  he  recxjgnJBod  tlie  voice  of 
Pudcns ;  for  he  called  him  traitor,  and  charged 
him  witJi  betraying  his  benefactors  to  the 
Komana;  adding,  moreover,  that  the  King  was 
now  well  aware  what  a  vijier  he  hod  nursed  in 
his  bosom,  although  |x>or  Urcnnus  had  pcr- 
Misted  to  the  last  in  his  credulity.  "  Think  not. 
however,"  the  faithful  bard  continued,  witli  an 
impotent    menace,   "  think  not  to  spoil  hia 

I.  3 


2Q6 


STONRRRNOSl  OK, 


corpse ;  for  old  u  I  Btn,  it  shnU  not  be  taodHl 
by  a  foe,  while  1  lire  to  defend  it." 

I^d«ns  was  incxprrNnibly  hurt  at  this  dwy 
of  treachery;  but  at  k-ttgtb  succeeded,  althoo^ 
not  vitliout  great  difficolty,  in  persuading  te 
bard  that  bit  absence  had  been  quite  accidenlil, 
and  tliat  the  aoMult  of  the  Uomnns  had  be« 
wholly  unexpected,  nor  indeed  known  to  him 
until  within  a  few  hours.  A  few  manly  tan, 
which  fell  hot  upun  the  old  mnn's  band,  m 
Pudens  beheld  tlie  blood-stained  fcaturea  rf 
his  late  friend,  and  recalled  the  many  noUe 
troita  in  his  character,  were  mure  convioci^ 
iJtan  eloquence  ;  and  the  fattliful  minstrel  tl 
lengtli  idlowcd  him  to  assist  in  performing  tbt 
last  sad  office  of  friendship. 

Pudena  found  it  necessary  to  deepen  tbt 
grave  Ter>-  considerably ;  for  llic  feeble  hanii 
of  the  old  bard  bad  scarcely  enabled  his. 
though  with  infinite  toil,  to  penetrate  tSr 
earth,  soft  and  turfy  as  it  was,  to  tlie  depth  si 
aliout  a  fout  and  n  half.  As  tliey  were  ft> 
ceeding  in  their  labours,  which  were  mvA 
delayed  by  the  unsuitableness  of  their  rude  m- 
plenienta,  their  attention  was  arrested  by  die 
whinings  of  a  dog ;  and  on  looking  ruotid,  M 
their  great  tturprisCf  they  beheld  the  faithM 


THE  ROUANB    tit    BRITAIN. 


S27 


I 


LunU),whose  mgadty  it  appeared  had  conducted 
him  liither,  unkiiuvm  to  hU  master,  and  who  was 
■  now  altcnintcly  licking  the  unconscious  corpse 
fof  poor  Brcnnus,  and  barking  for  assistance. 
It  was  not  long  before  the  affectionate  creature 
>      discovered  the   old  hard  ;    upon    which,  he 
I      leised   Uie  skirts  of  liis  long  blue  rol>e,  and 
^  endeavoured    to   drag    him  to  the  body- ;  luid 
Hwhen  he  had  got  him  near  it,  again  resumed 
H  Ilia  own  attentions,  mingling  his  caressea  with 
the   most    touching   expressions   of  affliction. 
Hitherto,  he  had  taken  no  notice  of  I^tdcn«, 
who  remained    in  the   grare    continuing  his 
mournful  labours;   but  when  old  Morgan  at- 
tempted to  raise  the  head   of  the   corpse   in 
.order     to    dtsjiosc    it     more     decently,     and 
emed  hardly  adequate  to  the  task,  the  snga- 
Luath,  after  having  in  vain  appbed  his 
,  feeble  lud,  ran  off  to  Pudcns  for  assistuice, 
St  as  his  old  Umhs  coiUd  carry  him. 
But  pcrtinps  the  most  affecting  ctrcumstance 
of  bU  was,  that  when  the  body  was  laid  in  its 
last  resting-place,  the  affectionate  animal  leapt 
into  the  grar^  and  at  every  fresh  handful  of 
dust  thrown  in,  looked   pitconsly  up  at  the 
teor-bedewed   (acei   of  Pudcns  and  the  hard, 
a*  though  to  ask, '  Is  liih  ncces.<iary  too  i'     \or 
would  ho  for  some  time  allow  the  mould  to 


ktokkiienok;  ok, 

obscure  the  features  of  bis  loved  mutCTt  bui 
ncriitched  it  awaj-  with  rfie  tendemeu  of  t 
luother  hriuhiiig  the  <)u»t  frum  the  tlrlioib 
<:heek  of  her  iitfunt.  At  lust  the  faithful  siitiiut, 
seeing  these  labours  unavailing,  covered  and 
defended  the  chcrislicd  remains  with  his  on 
body ;  and  although  himself  half  buried,  couU 
only  be  dragged  awa^  by  force. 

A  handBomely  carved  braxcn  knife,  wfaid 
poor  Brcnnus  was  in  the  Iiabit  of  wearing  »ith 
pended  from  his  girdle,  was  laid  beneath  lai 
head;*  white  on  either  side  were  ploccd  dint> 
pointed  arron-5,  which  had  been  collected  fron 
the  battle- fiel<l,  and  his  limbs  were  cnwrappot 
in  his  tartan. 

No  u«rlcu  toflln  iDCloicd  hi*  Ihim*!, 
Nor  in  »hi<ct  nor  in  *bn>iid  thi-y  tuiiitil  liini ; 

But  ht  lay  tik««  wstrior  t*ktn^  liia  rcsl. 
With  bit  nikrtial  cloak  aronsil  Ulm. 

A  harrow  was  aAerwards  raised  over  tin 
chief  and  his  brave  companions  ;  and  for  insif 
a  century,  a  moss-coTered  stone  pointed  out 
tu  the  curious  traveller  the  peculiar  cbaiubertt 
deatli  in  which  he  reposed. 

Ad  for  poor  Luatii — for  Luatli  too  whall  ittt 
one  tear — iieitiier  sootliings   nor    threatenia^ 

*  They  bare  l>y  ihc-lr  twonli  unilar  (kelr  ]ini»  -  f" 
fidiV/siin,  IT.  27. 


I  induce  this  alfoctioniitc  creature  to  quit  the 
grave  of  his  loved  muter,  lo  vain  did  the 
bard  call  him — in  vain  did  Pudent  try  to  secure 

tbim  i  in  vain  did  the  Honians  afterwardx  ot- 
lempt  to  induce  him  to  quit  it  hy  pUciog  the 
most  savoury  vijindn  at  a  little  distance.  The 
viands  remained  untouched — the  grare  un- 
de>erted.  Luath  maintained  hi>  post  during 
the  hrief  remainder  of  hix  exislenw,  which,  aa 
be  Tcfdaed  all  sustenance,  continued  but  for  a 
few  days,  at  the  expiration  of  which  time,  he 
was  hunourahly  interred  by  the  Romans,  who 
placed  a  stone  on  hii  grave  inscribed  **To 

»Fidehty!-'(R) 
The  old  bard  resolved  that  the  heroic  young 
chief  should  not  remain  unsung,  and  took  up 
Ilia  harp,  telling  Pudens  to  go  his  way,  for  tli&t 
he  wan  determined  nut  to  alir  from  tlic  grave 
of  Ins  frietid.  Pudcns,  however,  after  trj'ing 
many  )»ersuftHvc»  in  vain,  told  him  tliat  to 
^hurvue  such  conduct,  were  to  dc»crt  Arvingtui 
'^nnd  Roscrana,  juxt  when  titey  most  needed  his 
counsels  and  consolation.  He,  therefore,  re- 
luctantly and  sorrowfully  turned  away,  ex- 
clwming,  in  the  bitterness  of  his  heart,  as  lus 
httnd  swept  instinctively  over  hia  harp,  "Oh  ! 
IS  I    Brcnnus  !    thy  country's  pride!    I 


230 


BTONEHfcNOB;    OB, 


mouTTi  thee  not  nov,  lest  the  Roiduib  rejoice; 
but  the  daughters  of  Britain  shall  weep  at  thy 
fate,  and  the  bards  of  future  timea  shall  stiii^ 
their  harps  at  thy  grBve."(S) 


THE   BOUANS    IN    BRITAIN.  23] 


CHAPTER   X. 

C^^t  {fa  JtUiel).  HaTing  doit  prorided 

A  genllemui  of  priocrlr  pireatage. 
Of  fair  demanei,  jrouthful  and  nabl;  trained. 
StdflTd  (w  rhef  My)  with  honmirablc  parta, 
Pntportioa'd  aa  ODc'a  heart  could  wiab  a  nan. — 

lb  aonrer  '  ITl  not  «fed', — *  I  caanot  lor*,' — 
*  I  ani  too  foang,'  — '  I  prajr  you  pan9on  me,' — 
Knt,  an  you  will  not  ved,  I'll  pardon  you. 

JmikI  {lof/mrie),  Well,  Uuid  bait  comforted  me  marTGlloua 
much. 

ROMBO   atlD   JULIET.  , 

W«  must  now  check  the  course  of  our 
nairative  a  little,  having  in  our  hurrjr  to  get 
forward,  lost  sight  of  our  heroine;  to  rejoin 
whoDD,  we  must  retrace  our  steps  to  her 
Other's  dweUing,  where  we  left  her  on  the 
morning  of  the  erentiu]  hunt. 

The  King  had  purposely  remained  at  home, 
to  ha.Te  an  opportunity  of  conTersing  privately 
with    RoBcrana,    on    the     subject    of   young 


mtonehenob;  or. 


FrothaU's  proposals.    He  told  her  Utat  the  had 
now  Httmned  an  nge,  when  it  wna  coitoiaMf 
for  British  virgins   to  miirr)',  and  tbtt  tb 
pro]>(>Ned    alliance  wemcd  to  him  a  Kublik 
one;  but  th«t,  tliough  he  had  nn  undDokuJ 
right  to  dispose   of  her   aa    lie    might  tkii 
proper,   yet   Uiat  he   wished    to    consult   W 
inclinations,     lie  added,  howex'er,  hjr  va^Wj 
giving   tliem  a  bias  towardu   his   own  «al«^| 
that  if  she  desired  to  emulate  the  clory  of  m 
ancextorit,  she  now  hnd  an   opportunity ;  M 
DM  ttie  wife  of  Frothall,  she  would  soon  p>l 
bably   become  a  queen,   and    might   thai 
nnotlier  Buadicea,  or  Mnrtia. 

"  I  know,  futher,"  replied  Iloscrana, "  that  jm  j 
have  the  power  of  dispuxiiig  of  me  m  joj 
think  ])roper,  and  you  know  that  yoa  BncJ 
have  occasion  to  eommaHd  nw,  for  1  alngij 
endeavour  to  do  a.i  I  tliink  you  wish  me:  Wl 
1  hope  that  yuu  do  not  wish  me  to  marty,  it] 
tlien  I  roust  leave  you,  and  Brcnnus,  anddil 
Morgan.  Besides,  lather,"  she  cuittinaed,  'l| 
am  learning  tlie  Uoman  language,  and  a  gi^i 
many  oUier  things,  which  I'udcns  is  ttftdnij 
me,  and  which  I  do  not  believe  that  KiviIbIi 
himself  knows," 

"  Yuu   cannot    tell   what   Frotliall   kiiirt».'J 


THB   BOMANa    IN    BRITAIN. 


2SS 


Jied  her  father;  "and  as  for  learing  us — 
ph]r  you  nfcd  not  go  alone,  you  may  take 
itb  you,  your  kind  nurse,  Ana,  the  herb 
roman,  and  her  daughter,  who  I  thought  waa 
I  great  favourite  of  yours,  and  as  many  of 
>ur  companions  as  you  like." 
"  Yea,  father,"  replied  KoKcrana,  "  hut  I 
ive  all  these  around  me  nov,  and  you,  and 
irennus,  and  old  Monpin  too." 

"  Ay,  and  Pudens  besides  ;  have  you  not> 
ly  girl  }*'  Mud  Arrin^us,  archly, 
Roscmna's  check  crimsoned  a  little  at  this 
ainted  question ;  but  she  aeemed  unconscious 
it,  and  rc])licd  with  tbat  simplicity  and 
insparency  of  soul  which  characterized  her ; 
Yea,  Either,  and  1  like  Fudcna  a  great  deal 
cUer  than  Frothall." 

Ar>'iragua  could  not  help  smiling  at  tliis 
lileless  confession,  and  observed,  "  that  slie 
>uld  not  always  have  her  friends  at  her 
Eht  hand." 

Nay,  father,"  she  said ;  *■  it  is  for  that 
ry  reason,  that  I  want  to  keep  them  as  long 
lean." 

So  saying,  she  threw  her  fair  arms  round  her 
■titer's  neck  adding,  in  an  irresistibly  coaxing 
>ne: 


SM 


VrONRUENGK;    OR, 


"  1  am  sure,  faUi«r,  if  you  knew  bow  hsp^ 
my  home  makes  mc,  you  would  not  wnh  at 
to  leave  il." 

'i'iie  parental  tenderness  of  Arvirapis,  mtik 
during  tbis  coUoqay,  Itid  maintained  i  MWt 
struggle  with  his  ambition,  now  gained  cam- 
picte  asceDclancy  ;  and  be  replied,  "  Naj*,  of 
child,  I  (1m  nut  wish  you  to  leave  yoor  lum; 
for  you  are  laj  only  daughter,"  added  In. 
kiuing  her;  "  ay,  and  the  image  of  ^ 
poor  mother,"  he  Hubjoined,  as  he  parted  ba 
flowing  tresses,  which  had  concealed  bcr  bik 
and  now  beheld  her  dark  blue  eyes,  U^itd  if 
villi  a  smile,  tliough  tlie  tear  of  affeetioB  A 
trembled  there. 

An  attentive  obaenrer  might  hare  pcrern^ 
a  solitary  drop  of  moisture*  very  much  lib  i 
ten,  stealing  its  stloit  coume  even  down  (k 
tnurior's  manly  cbeek;  which  was,  bovcrtt 
indignantly  brushed  away  as  soon  as  ■&»• 
oorered. 

As  Arvimgus  appeared  to  Iiimsolf  to  htn 
ntaniiested  a  weakness  t)f  which  he  felt  hi! 
ashamed,  be  sent  away  Roscrana,  asjtif 
vith  a  mixture  of  pettishneas  nnd  kiodncn. 
**  Go  away,  child,  and  feed  your  hai^  ai 
your  dtickens  ;"  muttering  to  liinuelf  u  (MB 


d 


THK    R01IAN9    IN    liniTAIN'. 

she  was  gone,  "  That  f^irl  always  wli«ecll«!i 
me  over  to  do  as  the  wishes,  by  seeming 
always  ready  to  do  what  /  wish  ;  and  yet  nine 
times  out  of  t«n,  our  wishes  are  contrary. 
Just  like  her  motlicr— just  like  her  niotJier. 
T^s  Tcpy  jirovoking,  that  I  eiin  ncrcr  have 
IT  own  way;  and  yet  she  is  a  good    giii 


Altliougli,  however,  Arviragus  had  allowed 
kimxelf  to  be  wheedled  over,  as  he  expressed 
on  the  present  occasion,  he  did  not  alto- 
thcr  renounce  his  views ;  resolved  rather  to 
fer,  than  to  abandoa  the  futfihncQt  of  them. 
icr  matters  of  a  more  exciting,  if  not  of  a 
'more  important  nature,  occupied  his  thoughts 
_on  the  ri-tum  of  the  hunters. 

Roscrans  had  spent  more  time  than  usual 

^■er  her  toilette,  making  preparation  for  her 

ipearance  at  the  feast  which  waa  to  crown 

ne   huntsmen's  toil;  but  whut  was  her  sur- 

rise,  when  on  hearing  the  sound  of  a  horse's 

»fs,  and  going  witli  the  rest  of  the  household 

welcome  their  return,  she  saw   a  courier, 

jveied  with  hlood,  and  dirt,  urging  his  horse 

full  speed.     On  arriving  at  Ute   royal  rfr- 

^cnce,   the   rider   leapt   from   hia    scat   and 

ftusiiig  for  a  moment  to  recover  hrcatli — wliidi 


C86 


RTOMRnENOB  ;    OR, 


moment  revealed  tiiiu  to  be  Brennas — thm  i 
Koroan  eagle  at  his  fatber*a  feet,  and,  a  m 
cuuld,  reluted  the  rencontre  in  the  skim  tf 
the  forext  on  their  rotum.  Otlien  of  l^ 
partif  soon  came  up,  some  wounded,  ai 
some  bearing  RpoiL  A  councit  was  iaa^ 
diately  called,  and  each  roan  related  tbemal 
diflerently ;  hut  they  all  agreed,  as  migiit  tun 
been  expected^  in  representing  the  aggnnia 
to  hare  been  on  the  part  of  the  Bow 
Poor  Ar\-inigua  was  szAly  confused,  hot  k 
thought  that  the  onl^  circurastatice  is  vbid 
they  all  agreed  must  at  nil  events  be  oomd; 
and  "war!  war!  to  the  sword's  hilt '."  wutk 
determination. 

Among  all  the  different  relations  of  tla 
most  unexpected  event,  none  waa  hstenedti 
with  more  attention,  or  appeared  to  the  gear- 
rality  to  have  more  probability,  than  tbtf  d 
young  Frothall ;  who  stated  that  a  puty  d 
Romans  came  up,  and  witltout  any  proTe* 
tion  fell  upon  them,  and  wrested  froo  tit 
hands  of  his  attendants  the  horns  of  the  toom 
deer  which  he  had  killed.  He  added  tint  s 
was  hiK  firm  belief,  that  they  had  beea  i»- 
stigated  by  Pudcns,  as  tliey  had  recdnd  n) 
provocation  from    himself.     The    whole  {* 


THB   HOUASB   IN    BRITAIN. 


237 


td  witnessed  the  quarrel  between  him  and 
Lidcua  daring  their  meal  at  noon,  and  there- 
}rc  this  sarmise  did  not  appear  altogether 
rithout  foundation ;  and  what  seemed  to 
pre  it  additional  proliabiUty  wa&,  that  Pudens 
liad  been  seen  by  many  of  them,  riding  off  at 
gallop,  away  irom  the  rest  of  the  company, 
sry  soon  af^cr. 

"  If  this   be   as    this   young   man   has  re- 
kprescntcd  it,"  said   the  court  justiciary,  who 
Itad  now  come  up,  and  who  was  considered 
ae  of  the  most  sagacious  counsellors  of  the 
ite ;   "  if  this   be   so,    Pudens   must   be   in 
snespondence  with  the  Romans,  und  wc  are 
betrayed." 

**  Wc  arc  all  betrayed  i"  was  ecliocd  by  the 
BJority  of  voices. 

Brennus  pleaded  in  bis  young  friend's  de- 
ence,  but  in  vain.     His  absence  was  of  itself 
iffictcnt   to  condemn    him  ;    and   even    tlie 
suspicious    heart    of    Arviragus    bej^an    to 
incc  symptoms  of  mistrust- 
Thc  present  was  no  time,  however,  to  enter 
upon  a  more  full  investigation  as  to  the  coin- 
icncement  of  this  Affair,  for  the  Romans  bad 
menaced  them  with  revenge  on  the  morrow  j 
and  the  only  question  for  thein  now  to  discuss 


^ 


ess 


stonshenob;  on. 


was,  whether  they  abould  wait  for  the  ittia. 
or  whether  they  should  comtncnce  it.  FhuU 
with  their  partial  Tictory,  they  resolved  on  Ik 
tatter  alternative ;  and  the  fatal  resolt  bai  hM 
already  related. 

Few  aituationx  could  be  more  tzyii^  dm\ 
that  of  KoscraDi,  during  the  night  «bic:k[»] 
ceded  the  mom  uf  battle.  Obliged  to 
to  her  own  apartment  with  old  Ajia  and  ImmI 
her dnughtcr,  nothing  reached  her  ears  b«t»-l 
certain  sounds,  and  exaggerated  rumotm.  0U| 
Ana  kindly  undertook  tlic  oflicc  of  comfatHv 

"  Don't  let  niy  lady  grieve,"   said  abe;  'i\ 
you  should  offer  food  to  a  strange  dog,  tad  kt 
should  snap  at  your  fingers,  your  kindnoi) 
just  the  same,  as  though  he  bad  sbewn 
more  grateful." 

"  What  do  you  mean?"  said  Roacnuia. 

"  Why  sure,  my  dear  child, — Mistrcn  B»- ' 
erana,  I  mean,"  replied  the  attendant,  "f* 
ha%-e  heard  that  the  young  Roman,  whoei  dt 
Arcti-Druid  fucked  up  under  n  hedge,  id 
whom  our  &tber  has  made  so  much  ot—^ 
he  has  got  together  an  army  of  10,OOOftoaML 
and  means  to  bum  our  palace." 

*'What  do  you  say,  Ana?"  repeated  Ea»- 
erana,  half  stupified  witli  amazement. 


TBC    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 

The  old  herb  woman  repeated  her  story  with 
^ome  Cur  til  cT  exaggerations. 

"  It  cannot  be ;  1  am  sure  it  cannot  be  ;'* 
id  Roscrana,  wringing  her  hands. 
*'  It's  certain,  true, — I'm  sure  of  it,"  ro- 
aed  Ana  j  "  and  I  alnays  thought,  that  it 
>iild  come  to  that,  for  did  ye  not  wc,  Mistress 
iscrana,  he  did  nut  wear  bracca*,  as  your 
ithcr  and  brother  do  !  I  do  not  like  tlicse 
■Dtlandish  folks,  and  never  did." 
Roscmna  turned  pale,  and  could  only  repljr, 
1  don't  believe  it; — I  don't  believe  it;  and 
teiii  know  tlie  truth." 

So  saying  she  opened  the  door,  and  met  her 
rother,  who  was  just  coming  to  wish  her 
ircwell,  of  whom  she  infjuircd  thv  truth  of  old 
na's  narrative,  though  less  with  the  rtcw  of 
ikiiig  than  confirming  her  opinion,  as  to 
:  innocence  of  Pudens. 

Brennus  told  her,  that  he  would  stake  his 
honour   for    that  of  Pud«ns  ;   though    at 

■  N'otUag  ia  the  CMtumc  of  tlie  Britoai  and  Gnula  ap* 
(o  (o  riiitiagniiib  th«iii  rtoiu  tlie  itoainiia,  »  (lii'lr 
,  or  biTWlit*.  The  iiihulillAiils  of  Narhonensinn 
dI  ware  ollrd  Bni-bmi  (iiilU,  fmiii  ilii*  p«ri  o{  ilicir 
»liiiiie;  apd  Martial  alludes  lo  —  Vcti^rca  Brnccn  Bri- 
nU  paupcfi) — Srt  a  ntili  tf  jIUiu  afpmiltJ  It  titt  H/teirtr 


^ 


S40 


STONBItKNOX;    OR, 


present  ik)  odo  knew  where  he  \tras,  or  rtd 
had  become  of  turn  :  *'  You  may  tell  bie,' 
added  the  generous  warrior,  "  if  t  4i 
not  come  home  ngiin,— and  you  ktvow  m 
sister,  that  fighting  is  sometimes  duucerw 
work — you  tnajr  tell  him,  tliat  I  DiEuotBiDedtB 
huiiour — ay,  despite  of  them  all ;  and  m 
betide  the  man  who  giLinsa>'s  it — if  I  4 
return," 

Tlie  last  words  were  uttdcsigncdly  ipilw 
in  an  ominous  kind  of  tone,  which  nli* 
■larmed  Brennus  liimself,  and  diverted  Hmov 
naTs  thoughts  from  l^ldetls  to  her  brothtf .  Sb 
threw  licr  arms  round  her  brother's  neek.  ■ 
though  she  would  have  clung  there  for  rv, 
vainly  using  all  tlie  eloquence  of  feminine  »• 
row  to  induce  him  to  stay  At  home,  ai  di 
feigned,  to  protect  her. 

BrcnnuH,  feeling  himself  somewhat  it- 
pirited,  and  attributing  this  feeling  lo  tk 
fatigues  of  the  day,  callvd  for  a  shell  oftptd 
mead;  but  while  it  was  being  prepared,  kt 
wisely  bethought  himself,  that  >t  were  bettofc 
nvuid  tlie  unmanning  effect  of  nnotlier  partab 
and,  therefore,  hastened  away,  contenting  bia- 
self  with  calling  out,  "  Farewell,  llosy.  fit> 
well !''  And  *'  Farewell"  was  mournfully  ecW 


Pbadcb 


TUB  ROUAXIt    l.N   BKITAIN. 


241 


by  the  walls  of  liis  fatlicr's  Iiall,  which  liod 
I     sooftcii  rcverbcnitGil — l>ut  were  now  to  rever- 
berate no  more,  with  his  mirth-inspiring  voice. 
^L  A  similar,  but  from  some  inexplicnble  cnuse, 
^Hen  painful  parting  scene  occurred  between  ltos> 
Hbrua  and  her  father,  uid  her  fortitude  wax  once 
more   tried  in  bidding  her  dear  old  Moi:gaji 
adieu.     Sfa«  did   think  that   Am  age-stricken 
frame  might  have  bc«n  3|karcd  the  fatigues  and 
|M:rils  of  war ;  but  old  Morgan's  harp  could  not 
be  spared,  and  no  hand  could  so  effoctivel)- 
sn'eep  its  chords  as  his  own.     But  I  like  not  tu 
dwell  on  the  sorrows  of  a   i^oung  btrart ;  an<i 
JartwU,  ajier  /areweli,  tolled  upon  Roscrana's 
Bching  ears,  tike  the  desolating  sound  of  tbc 
I     prison  clock,  when,  at  midnight,  its  sad,  and 
I     slow,   and   solemn  notes,  fitll,  one  after  the 
other,  with    benumbing   influence,   upon  tlic 
BtarUed  ear  of  tbc  solitor)'  cnptire. 

Old  Ana  remitted  none  of  her  attentions, 

tiougb   they   were   little    heeded ;    and,  poor 

■tore,  she  was  oUigrd  to  drink  copiously  of 

be  Kpieed  mead,  which  liad  l>cen  unsparingly 

twn  for  Breiinux,  bocauoe  neither  her  daugb- 

er  nor  Hoserana  would  touch  it ! 

Loma  could  better  sympathise   with  lloa- 

'emna,  for  the  was  somewhat  similarly  situated ; 


^        VOL.   I. 


242 


itTONeilKNOK;    OB, 


M  UiGTc  was  a  kind  of  ander-current  of  affectiao 
which  united  her  heart  witlt  that  of  the  herd^ 
mail,  aithougli "  she  never  spoke  of  lore.**  But 
this  is  not  the  place  tu  luention  these  privatr 
feelings. 

Tile  iiurHe  in  vain  endeavoured  to  prenfl 
u[>on  ihe  "  young  people"  to  retire  to  re«; 
hut  as  they  peniKted  iit  renuuning  up,  and  u 
she  could  not  sit  still  without  saying  somedung; 
she  thus  broke  the  silence,  which  had  now 
lasted  a  n-eansome  half-hour : — "  That'*  a  noble 
youth,  and  a  very  proper  person — that  yoinf 
Frothall — docs  not  niy  lady  think  ao  t" 

Itoscntiiu  WHS  too  much  Absorbed  in  grief  M 
rqJy;  old  Ana,  therefore,  touched  anotJier 
chord ; — "  Who  could  have  thought  tliat  ho 
holinoK,  the  Arch  Druid,  could  have  beca  w 
duped  by  that  Pu — Pu — what  do  you  ol 
him  ?" — "  Pudcns,"  prompted  lier  da^htct 
"Should  have  been  so  duped  by  him,  then,  as lo 
have  introduced  him  to  us.  For  myownpait,! 
suspected  something  wrong,  for,  as  1  said  bdbn 
1  have  no  opinion  of  people  who  don't  ww 
brsccee,  and  1  longed  to  whisper  in  the  Ata 
Dniid*8  ear,  to  tell  him  so.  And  now  yoa  ■• 
4e  have  twenty  tliousand  Koioana  broD^ 
Dgmnat  us." 


TUB    BOMAXS   IN    BHITAIN. 


213 


Ro.icrarvn    ruUitr    angrily  Uiterrupted    her, 

reniiniJiiig  }ier,  that  sbu  had  mentioned  but  ten 

Itiiousand  befure;  ajid  telling  licr  further,  tlmt 

her  brotiier  had  wid^  thnt  Pudcns  vraa  in  nowi«e 

k  connected  with  this  invasion ;  and  that  the  uiily 
ground  fur  Uus  scandalous  charge  was,  his 
hnving  lost  himself  in  the  forest. 

"  Ah  !  well,"  said  Ana,  "  if  he  is  lost  in  that 
forest,  the  tnitli  vill  never  be  known ;  and  if 

I  my  lady  thinks  that  he  is  innoci'nt — he  is  inno- 
joeni :   but  I  could  have  wished,  that  he  had 
vom  braceir,  too,  were  it  only  that  he  might 
have  been  decently  buried  in  them.      But  it 
does  not  signiiy,  for  nio&t  Ukely  he  will  he  ear- 
ned »way  by  the  fairies  before  morning;  or  per- 
haps be  changed  into  a  raven(T},  as  one  of  your 
ancestors  was." 
"  Oh,  mother,  roothcr,"  blubbered  forth  the 
herb-woman's  daup;htcr,  at  this  period  of  the 
l^discoursc,  "1  hope  Ryno,  who  is  gone  aAer 
^bitD,  will  not  be  changed  into  a  raven." 
B    **  It  is  itot  unlikely ;    but  then   don't  cry 
BO,  child,"  answered  tlic  mother,  "  I   recollect 
very  well  when  your   uncle     Quiderius  died, 
that    same     raven — (for    his    long,    tdiining, 
plumage,    could    not     be     mis  taken,  J 
fie,    and     perched    for     an    hour   upon 

u2 


3i44 


stoneubvor;  or. 


TOUT  favoiiritc  willow;  and  nonin,  wlirn  jam 
motlicr  li'tcd,  he  Bew  three  times  round  tbt 
house;  and  indeed  they sa)r,  that  wheneTCTMij 
])erson  of  the  family  is  to  die,  thbt  nveo  >Imn 
ai^wan." 

Roscnn&'s  cheeks  hid  waxed  paler  and  ptia. 
as  »be  ljst«ned  to  the  account  of  the  raren^  M 
last  she  hurst  into  tears,  crying  out  "  OIi,  Am 
Ana  t  don't  say  so  ;  for  I  saw  that  very  iit«Ii 
today." 

Old  Ana  was  so  alarmed  at  hearing  (kit. 
that  after  having  failed  in  pci^uadiiig  dtbcf 
Roiirrnnn  or  her  daughter  to  take  a  draa^ 
of  spieed  mead>  to  keep  up  their  spirit*,  li* 
wa*  ohiigfd  tn  drain  the  reroainder  herself  i 

The  fears  of  the  party  *pere  enhanced  byt«i(» 
lent  storm,  which  Ivad  now  commenecd.  TV 
door  of  their  apartment  was  burst  open  by  tbc 
wind,  and  discovered  to  them  the  flamea  of  tkl 
heaeoii  fire  at  a  little  diiitnncc.  The  lieaR-tiiri- 
ting  sound  of  the  strieken  shield  w&a  replied  !> 
by  the  barking  and  howling  of  ibe  dogs  annnJ 
the  house.  But  what  alarmed  thetn,  more  tba 
all  besides,  was,  that  as  the  wind  awept  tltro^.' 
the  rrcviccB  of  the  hall,  with  that  hollow  mir 
mur  which  precedes  a  storm,  Brennua'k  \ii<r. 
emitted  a  luguhrioas  sound,  which  Ana  CBV 


■^rn 


I 


THE    ROMAN*    IN    MKlTAly.  243 

to  the  shriek  of  some  newly  mnde  ghost, 
jual  torn  from  its  quivering  teneiuent,  hy  t)ie 
spirit  of  tlic  ttorm. 

The  riiin  clashing  down  the  conlml  smoke 
vent  almost  vxtinguLshcd  the  fire,  wliicli 
vraa  directly  \iii<U.'r  it ;  and  old  Ami,  who  tros 
consulting  the  mn^cal  crystal,  wa»  obliged 
to  discontinue  her  lubuun,  because  there 
wu  not  light  enough  to  render  it  of  any 
ttenicc  Bran,  whose  strength  luul  been 
almost  exhaiLsted  by  the  fatiguea  of  the  chaae, 
crouched  near  tlicm,  in  an  a^ny  of  terror, 
lu  the  ihuiuler  rolled,  or  the  lightning  jiluyed 
around  their  apartment ;  aud  Luatii>  who  hod 
been  there  not  long  before,  and  whoM  exit 
had  been  unobserved,  was  iiowliere  to  be 
found. 

Tl)e  loud  voices  of  tlie  guards,  who  garrisoned 
tlic  palace,  were  subdued  to  a  whisper,  or  en- 
tirely hushed ;  and  what  is  yet  more  marrel- 
lous.  Ana's  gossiping  tongue  was  stil)  during 
the  whole  time  the  storm  lasted,  except  when 
a  longer  interval  tUao  usual  occurred  between 
the  ]>cals,  and  then  she  found  courage  to  say 
that  "  she  never  rcooUected  a  thunder  atonu  so 
late  in  the  year,  but  once  before,  and  tlial  was 
when  her  husband  died ;  and  tlien  a  line  fat  hog 


24  G 


rroNEiiExos;  or> 


oditt';"  ohtsud,"  wsslctlled  by  the  liglittn|, 
as  it  WAS  eating  acorns  under  the  Droula'  oaL* 

Here  her  story  was  cut  short  by  another  pd 
of  thunder. 

Happily  this  lionible  night  of  smpensewi 
shortened  tn  poor  Roiicnina ;  for  she  vept  ha- 
sdf  asleqi  at  duy  break,  and  might  haTcn* 
mained  asleep  until  the  fotlowing  noon,liadiki 
not  been  disturbed  by  old  jVna,  to  listen  to  a  w> 
till  of  tlie  following  ominous  occurrence.  Sh 
stated,  that  as  soon  as  it  was  light,  she  had  or- 
deiivourcd  to  divine  the  ev«nt  of  the  liattle,  bt 
Hovini;  which  Wiiy  a  liare  would  run  ;  and  hadi^ 
cordingly  let  down  Roscrana'sfavuunte hare  6va 
her  Inp,  for  this  purpoiie,  when,  to  tier  horror,  i 
ttrange  dog,  which  she  sapposcd  had  btca 
brought  by  some  of  the  hunters,  pursued  A: 
and  notwithstanding  Bran  had  run  to  its  rescac. 
and  hod  killed  the  dog,  yet  the  hare  ww  m 
much  injured,  as  to  be  in  a  dying  conditioR. 

"Now  you  know.  Mistress  iloacrana," anl 
she,  "  that  nothing  in  the  world   forebodes 
much  evil  as  any  hurm  hitppcning  to  a  bnt; 
{oT  tJie  great  Uucvn  Bondicea  gave  all  up 
lost  when  the  saw  her  hare  run   amone 
!lomans.**{U) 
While  this  atory  was  being  rclatad,  Bi 


TUB    ROUAXB    IS    RKtTAIN'. 


cane  in,  carrying  Uw  clying  hare,  with  as  mudi 
JH«Dtl«nes<t,  a.t  if  it  hnij  Iwen   one  of  Iicr  own 
^nippies,  and  laid  it  at  li«r  ntisircss's  feet,  where 
^pt  sarviTed  only  a  few  moments.    Tlie  death  of 
the  Iiare  was  deemed  tlie  wont  omen  of  all : 
And  though  at  any  other  time,  Roscrana  would 
bave  l>cen  afflicted  at  her  loss,  she  now  r^arded 
Uiat  as  the  (east  part  of  her  tronhle. 
^K     As  th«  day  advanced,  rumour  after  rumour 
^Reached  them,  conrcycd  with  more  than  the  usual 
f  celerity  of  evil  tidings  ;  for  the  moment  a  per- 
son hod  received  any  intelligence,  he  oommu- 
nicated  it,  v.-ith  a  loud  voice,  to  some  |)erson 
i^"**''  him,  and  thus  it  waa  propagated  from 
^■nouth  to  mouth,  tliroughout  a  wide  districttwith 
incredible   velocity.      Rach    rumour   appeared 
e  melancholy  than  the  last,  until  a  climax 


ras 


put  to  their  woe,  by  tli«  intelligence  of  the 


leath  of  Brennus. 


FroM  liiu*  lo  time  iU-omco'd  rumoun  e« 
(Lik*  •pirit-toagvM,  nialteTlBg  ibe  tick  mut't  OMoe. 
JuMin  bedl(a,]^4ll(«ttb(boMMaad>orilmil 
Pctl  «iib*Tfdc  M  bcr  soali— Bmou  h  dtad  " 

Mosaf. 


S4R  STONBnE?fGB  ;   ob. 


CHAPTER  XI. 

ill  nighi,  he  aaid — aod  lookf  'tis  Dei 
Fly,  fly — if  yel  (bOD  Iot'«»  me,  flj^ 

SooD  will  hia  marderoai  band  !»•  ciear. 
And  1  ibill  (cc  thee  bleed  *nd  dia. 
•  •  •  •  • 

Breatbleis  vitli  awe,  impatience,  hopC) 
Tbe  maiden  aeei  the  reteraogroap 
Her  litlpr  silenUy  prepare, 

Add  liiy  it  at  her  trtinhlin|[  feet  ; 
And  now  ttie  youlb,  with  gentle  care, 
Halh  plnced  her  in  the  Hhelter'd  a««t 

LALLA    BOOH 

Rut  forcmosl  came  (he  catlilh  knight. 

Sir  John  of  the  north  couotrayei 
Now  elop,  now  stop,  Ibou  false  traitoure. 

Nor  carry  lliat  ladye  away. 

THR    CHILD   or  BLU 

YorxG  Frothall  had  been  present  at  ti 
1)attlc,  and  liaving  seen  the  brave  Brennua  u 
liis  devoted  band  orerwhelmed,  had,  in  comra 
with  the  greater  number  of  his  surviving  cot 
trymcn,  consulted  his  safety  by  flight.  Ar 
rngus  remained,  gallantly  sustaining  tbe  ittK 
and,  by  almost  incredible  feats    of  valow,  i 


TIIK   HUMANS    IK    BRITAIN.  249 

■iiimsttrd  the  oveq)owered  courage  of  his  army ; 
;  but  a  runiour  had  gone  forth  tliat  he  was  slain, 
[vhich,   unlike  man;r  other  rumours,  was  at 
tuscd  on  probability  ;  it  appearing  almost 
Iposaible  for   bim  to  have  escaped  death   or 
kcaptirity. 

In  this  state  of  things  Frothall  not  only  pro- 
vided for  hii  own  security,  but  devised  a 
Ktratagetn  which  pniniiscd  him  the  posxntsion 
■if  the  ]Krson  uf  Koscrana.  Having  arrived  nl 
a  ufc  halting- place,  he  thus  exposed  his  design 
tti  as  many  of  hitt  followers  as  he  found  around 
hint. 

"  My  brave  companions,"  said  be,  **  I 
have  not  had  an  oppurtuiiity  before  of  n|)laiti- 
irig  to  you  tlie  jiurpote  of  titi%  ha&ly  march ; 
hut  it  ia  not  proper  to  conceal  from  you,  any 
lunger,  that  1  am  upon  tlie  King's  errand,  ai>d 
shall  need  your  assistance.  I  was  commanded 
hy  Arviragus,"  he  continued,  "  tluit  in  case  tbr 
event  uf  the  Wttle  seemed  doubtfid,  I  slwuid 
itnrocdiately  repair  to  the  palace,  and  convey 
Kway  his  daughter  to  some  place  of  safety. 
Tliix  we  may  now  accomplisli,  if  we  make  due 
itpccd ;  and  you  may  rely  on  it,  the  King  will 
handsomely  reward  e%'ery  man  of  you  who  b 
instrumental  in  doing  such  good  service." 

U   3 


•2S0 


STONEHBNGE  ;    OR, 


Xotiiing  tcenicd  more  probable,  than  thai  W 
had  been  entrusted  with  such  a  comtnissae ; 
and  a  stout  baiid,  some  of  whom  were  laiotti 
hy  the  Iki|>o  of  lucre,  and  some  by  higher  na- 
tives, mustered  round  him,  and  proceeded,  wA 
great  alacrity,  to  uury  it  into  exccatioD. 

They  arriTed  at  tlie  royal  residence,  wfaca 
Frothall  immediately  commufticated  fats  {N» 
tended  orders  to  the  council  there  nssenUei 
It  may  serve  as  an  illustration  how  the  ouomdi 
of  the  wise  ort-times  savour  of  folly,*  vtdl 
those  of  tlte  ignorant  are  founded  in  wisdom, 
to  give  a  sketch  of  the  speeches  made  by  Am 
and  the  Court  Justiciary,  on  t)ic  opposite  nde 
of  the  question  on  this  occasion. 

Old  Ana  said,  that  it  seemed  marrelton*  B 
her,  that  if  the  King  hnd  given  such  orders,  tfat 
he  had  not  sent  his  riag,or  some  other  credc» 
tials,  with  the  messenger ;  particnilarly  as  lh« 
measenger  was,  barring  all  irreverence,  but* 
young  man.  to  be  entrusted  vritli  such  an  im- 
portant commission. 

The  sage  justiciar)-,  was,  unquestionably^ 
the  absence  of  old  Morgan,  the  lirttt  coanfllH 
of  the  state  ;  but  wlvctlier  he  was  anno>-ed.  tkilf 
he  had  not   had  an  opportunity  of  opening  t)N 

*  Thr  gTMWM  olnlu  bts  Mt  Ibc  vjMtt  nca. 


THK    ROUANa    IN     BRITAIN. 

tlisrusaion,  and  wu,  tltcrcfor«,  detOTmined  to 
nppose  any  suggestion  not  eniviating  from  him- 
self; or  wlietbcr  he  acted  from  lioncst  convtction 
is  onccrtain,  but  he  iropcriuusly  interrupted  old 
Ana  I— 

**Tu8h,  woman,"  said  lie,  oolkcting  himtelf 
into  an  oracular  jioRtun:,  while  hit  brow,  (to 
adopt  u  simile  of  SU^VsyicaTc's)  naii   wn>ught 
into  as  mail];'  linvs  as  tlic  map  of  tltc  world 
with  the  addition  of  the  Indies,  "Tush,  wo- 
man 1    It  is  the  characteristic  of  thy  sex  to 
ooofeund  wisdom  by  words  witliout  knowledge ; 
and  an  old   woman's  advice  is  anotttcr  term 
for   folly.    Go,    cuU    thy    simples  and  tend 
thy  porringer;    but  darken   not  the   chamber 
of      counsel    with     thy      prwcncc-*'       Then 
,  turning  away  from  her,    he   addressed  himBcll 
tto  his  compeer*,  as  bis  countenance  radiatn) 
Iwitii  tieLf-coniplacency  at  having  delivered  him- 
[self  of  such   a   triumphant  rebuke. 

"  Is  the  baUlc-field,"  said  he,  "  my  friends,  a 
I'place  to  choose  your  messenger;  and  when  tlie 
foeman's  sword  is  at  your  throat,  iw  it  a  season  to 
be  dallying  with  rings?  Thevoutli  of  the  mes- 
senger, far  from  being  a  disqunli  fiat  ion,  is  tbe 
beat  security  for  the  due  conduct  of  mch  a 
hazardous  enterprise ;    the  importance  of  the 


SS2 


stonebbn'ob;  or. 


cumiDMMon  itself  is  tlte  best  credential  of  in 
jfenuinen«ss." 

So  saying,  the  old  man  turned  himself  upM 
litB  toe  as  iiimlily  as  a  dry  leaf  is  whitlud 
round  tlic  cornLT  of  an  orchard  walk  by 
some  little  whirlwind.*  Nor  vraa  Chit  loftf 
and  vmpty  harangac  "  rapturoos  only  to  him* 
f>c]f."  On  the  contrary,  tlie  whole  asscmblf 
rc-ccivcd  it  with  infinite  applaiuie ;  and  no  our, 
ut  the  time,  douhtcd  but  that  it  was  inspired  b; 
Tcut. 

The  speech,  which   Herodotust  recordi  t* 
liaN-e  heen  made  by  a  Persian  in  the  army  nf 
Mardonius,  who  foresaw  the  fatal  issue  of  tW  | 
invasion  of  Gri-vce,  would  now   have  becone 
Ana :-—  "  Those  things  which  arc  ordained  by  < 
God  cannot  be  averted  by  roan.      It  is  the  moit  j 
bitter  of  all  the  misfortunes  of  mortals  to  know  J 
what  tH  advUable  and  prudent,  hut  not  to  bal 
able  to  effect  it."     Old  Ana,  however,  was  mI 
philoso[^cr;  and,    therefore,   instead    uf  no-) 
ralising  thua,  or  attempting  a  reply,  thougli,a»] 
she  sAerwards  declared  she  had   an  excell 
one  ready,  she  went   out   muttering    to 


■TliU  liutlcroni  ilniilc  eeriined  in  alcllpr  of  Or.  H.Mom^I 
In  Glanvlllc'i  Siuluci'uiua  Trlmnphdn*,  quoted  br  Sir  W.l 
fcoit,  k  liU  noU*  U>  lbs  Lay  ftf  tli«  La>l  Mlnatrel. 

t  CaUiopc  c.  1£. 


TKS    ROMANS    IN     IIKIT.VIN. 


■df,  "Wo's  Uie  day!  wo's  Uie  day  !  all  this 
Domes  af  tlie  raven  !" 

Old  Ana  was  nut  fiuttdcas,  sltliuugh  on  some 
OOCi^na  site  waa  fooliidi ;  and  sho  was  deter- 
mitied  not  to  desert  Itoscrana  in  this  moment 
of  peril. 

I'ilur  lloncratta,  indeed,  tie«ded  nil  tJic  aitsist- 
anee  whidi  slie  could  obtiun,  for  she  was  so 
Icrief-Ktricken,  an  to  be  almost  powerless. 
Wiihttut  any  u|>positi(>n,  therefore,  on  her 
part,  Frotliall  placed  her  and  Iier  atlendanls, 
Ana,  and  lier  daughter,  in  « light  wicker  car,  and 
hantcned  away,  with  all  tlie  speed  in  his 
power. 

Young  Ryno,  the  widow's  son,  who  had  just 
coitw  up  from  Stonehenge,  and  now  first 
made  acquainted  with  the  momentous  events, 
which  had  taken  place  within  the  last 
twenty-four  hours,  was  allowed  to  accompany 
them.  Tlicy  pursued  their  course,  in  almost 
perfect  siletHx;,  for  grief  and  anxiety,  as  to  the 
issue  of  this  daring  enterprise,  had  hushed 
every  voice  hut  that  of  Ana;  hut  slie  was 
loquacious,  even  in  sorrow.  Poor  Roscrana 
uttered  hut  one  sentence,  and  that  was  to 
desire  Ana  to  keep  close  to  her. 

r   child."    sud   the   fajthfo] 


les,  my 


SM 


BTONBBKSOe  ;    OR, 


attendant,  for  n-tien  the  heart  uses  ita  on 
languajrc,  it  forgets  tiUca — "  yea,  noy  deal 
c)i:ld.  that  1  will." 

Then  she  again  soliloquized  : 

"  To  think  of  Uiat  brave  young  tnaD  bda| 
dain !  Tlic  whole  worhl  could  not  prodoa 
such  another  1  His  rtnce  wax  alfraya  tbt 
budest  in  the  song— and  hisfiiot  the  lightm 
in  the  dunce  !  Every  body  in  the  house  ktrtd 
him— and  yet  he  tormented  u»  almost  todeaUi' 
flow  often  has  he  frigtitencd  me,  till  my  frot 
was  as  white  as  the  Arch  Dniid'a  robes,  witt 
ghost  stories;  but  then  he  alwmys  gsve  at 
some  spiced  mead  afU^rnards.  1  Rm  ftftsid  1 
seemed  too  angry  ^^li  him  for  some  of  hn 
pranks ;  but  1  did  not  mean  any  hartn.  and  I 
hope  he  did  not  think  so; — but  who  shall  ItB 
hin  that  now  >" 

Then  she  wrung  her  hands  and  aottbd, 
until  FroUiall,  alarmed  lest  they  •hnuld  be 
discovered,  came  up  to  silence  her,  when  ik 
took  the  opportunity  to  inquire^  wbeikr 
Brennus  was  likely  to  be  buried  in  &  propr 
mamter — 

"  For,"  aaid  she,  "  I  am  sure  that  his  sjant 
will  never  rest,  if  his  sword  is  not  laid  nado 
his  head." 


TUB  ROMANS    IN    HIIITAIN. 


25S 


bad  now  arrired  at  the  sumniit  of  ■ 
little  hill,  whence  they  flaw  u  iletachraent 
of  Roman  horse ;  and  soon  perceived,  from 
their  nccxleratcd  speed,  that  they  had  not 
themselves  eluded  obserration. 

H     "  Vi*h«t    is  to    be   done,    now !"   inqturcd 

HiFrothall,  anxiously. 

^1    "  Fight  them  '■"  answered  Ryno. 

V  "  They  arc  too  many  for  us ;  let  each  man 
Mvc  himself,"  said  Frothall,  at  the  same 
time  setting  the  cxam])lc,  by  galloping  off  in 
the  direction  of  a  neighbouring  wood.  In  a 
moment,  his  men  were  dispersed  in  all  direc- 
tions, and  ItoKTana  was  left  wiUiout  a  single 
male  attendant  except  Uyno  ;  who  refused  to 
desert  bis  mistress. 

K     When  the   Romans  came  up,  and  peeping 

^'irito  the  wicker-ear,  saw  only  an  old  woman  and 
two  girls,  they  would  probably  have  given  vent 
to  their  disappointment,  by  some  act  of  cruelty, 
bnd  it  not  been  for  a  singular  circumstance. 
One  Mahus,  a  privateer,  belonging  to  the 
colony,  at  Clansentum,  attempted  to  remove 
Roscrana'a  hands  from  her  face,  which  in  her 
affliction  she  hnd  covered ;  when  old  Ann, 
onable  to  brook  ttiis  indignity  to  her  mitftressi 


256 


6TOMEHB\OB  ;    OR, 


gave    him  a  severe  cuff,  accompanied  with  tbt 
inquiry — 

**'  Is  it  for  a  brachless  5«rf  like  you  to  took 
in  the  face  of  the  King's  daag;htcr  ?" 

Marius  of  course  rrjulily  pardoned  the  bot 
on  tJic  car,  vrhcn  he  was  assured  of  the  vala 
of  his  capture ;  and  a  stronj;  guard  was  imae- 
diatcljr  organized  to  escort  the  whole  pwtr, 
including;  Uyno,  to  tlic  Gcncnil*s  quartm. 
where  for  the  preifctit  we  must  It^vc  thm. 

It  is  not  to  be  supposed  that,  in  a  crins  lib 
the  present,  Arviragus  wiut  inactive.  We  M 
hint  in  tlie  battle  field,  and  there  we  mut 
rejoin  him ;  for,  as  soon  might  tlit^  fell  tigtCM 
be  expected  to  resign  one  of  her  cubs  jKser- 
fully  to  tliv  ravishcr,  as  the  mighty  s|tirit  U 
Arviragus  to  see  his  son  fall  unrureosot. 
He  beheld  the  fatal  issue  of  the  uutqail 
contest,  trom  a  little  eminence,  as  he  was  lad- 
ing his  army  on  foot ;  and  lifting  up  his  liaiiii 
to  Heaven,  he  muttered  an  agonixing  groan— 
"  My  son  !    My  son  '." 

The  colour  left  bis  checks,  his  hand*  nak 
down  upon  his  thighs,  and  fur  a  motoent  ba 
own  spirit  seemed  to  have  taken  her  tlttbt,  bat 
it  was  for  a  moment  only.     As  though  she  hid 


THK    ROUAMI    tV    BHITAIN. 


-m 


857 


left  him  to  seek  Bupcrhiunan  lucvour,  and  novr 
returned  with  a  larger  portion  tlinn  mortality 
could  contun  :  his  whole  frame  neemed  dilated ; 
his  height  towered,  and  tiis  breast  expanded, 
and  he  rushed  amoDg  liis  foes  like  a  destroying 
■ngel. 

As  wdl  might  the  wares  of  a  sninraer  Ma 

attempt  to  stay  the  6ying  ship,   when  Boreas 

^  rustles  in  the  sails  :   ns  well  miglit  tlic  feathery 

H  clouda  attempt  to  ohstruet  the  riving  lightning; 

as  well  might  tlte  auiibeam  monts  attempt  to 

P  arrest  tlte  winged  bullet,  as  the  Romans  to 
oppoM  the  adrnnoc  of  Arvirsgus  1  A  chasm, 
such  as  an  csrtliquakc  leaves,  marked  his  path 
from  the  hillock  which  he  hod  left,  to  the  spot 
where  Brcnnus  lay.  Ilod  ten  sueh  spirits  as  his 
own  been  found,  the  fortune  of  tlic  tlay  hod  been 
rerersed— but  there  be  stood  alone.  A  hecatomb 
of  human  corpses  which  his  sword  had  sacri- 
liced  in  an  almost  incredibly  short  space  of  time, 
covered  ihc  remains  of  his  son ;  and  he  hod  half 
resolved  witJi  his  own  body  to  crown  the  pile, 
till  the  thought  of  Roicrana  darted  across  his 
mind. 

He  looked  around,  but  no  friend  was  near, 
and,  ns  yet,  the  ])atli  of  retreat  which  he  had 
hewn  fur  himself  waa  unclosed,  though  tti« 


258 


sroNBHBXoe;  on. 


crowds  of  foea  hovered  on  either  side.  Tenv 
iteemed  to  li«vc  petrilicd  tlic  Kuman$ ;  «nd  tbe* 
stood  motioaless  u  the  piled  up  waves  of  tl> 
Red  Sea,  when,  panic  itruck,  they  fell  back  upas 
each  other,  to  make  way  tor  the  armio  ^ 
IsneL 

Arvirmgus  Kvwled  himself  of  his  foes*  disawr, 
regained  bis  own  little  Hurviving  band^  *W 
had  not  deserted  hin>,  bat  were  adrancia^ 
though  with  unequal  ste|>s,  to  the  reseas. 
With  them  lie  made  a  second  charge ;  bol  s 
was,  to  use  tlie  expression  of  old  Mot^^ 
*'  the  rush  of  the  mountain  torrent  against  tl> 
ocean  tide."  In  \-ain  it  roars — in  vnin  it  fam 
—its  headlong  fury  avails  it  nought  1  TlMQ|k 
it  mity  liretik  billuw  aft«r  billow,  and  mainaa 
its  separate  course  awhile,  yet,  unless  tharc  ht 
an  exliauatlcss  river  behind  it,  its  very  en*- 
enee  will  soon  he  ohlitcrBtcd.  Thus  was  it 
with  Arvim^u).  He  and  his  hravx  foUovcn 
were  forced  to  retire,  before  tiic  advaodil 
army  of  Suetonius,  whose  general  had  no« 
rallied  them. 


Cnitli'il  ilovn  bjr  tb>i  tmi  lualtitudr, 
Soae  found  llivir  grare*  vliere  finl  (liey  tlood — 
\Vb)l«  tORi*  with  bardixr  •truf|1o  4M, 
And  Mill  fougbl  t>7  Uirir  Indfi'i  tide. 
Who,  froDlJiig  lo  the  (Mr,  Irad  Wk, 
Towards  biihomc,  kli  gorjr  tntck. 


Aad,  «•  a  lioB,  tvcpt  *wtj, 
Itjr  (uddtb  *«cll  ot  Jordu't  prldr, 

Frum  (he  wild  toTcrt  vbcrr  W  lay. 
L«M|:  biltlM  iritli  the  ortTihclviif  iMi ) 

So  (OBghl  he  bck  with  AcTM  delay  [ 

AhI  kiffit  both  tot*  lod  (ale  at  liaf. 


Arriragus  huring  seixed  a  horse,  made  liii 
esoipe  and  at  lenglli  reiu:ii«(l  his  home  in 
skfcty ;  but  he  was  more  indebted  to  the  sharp- 
ness of  his  sword,  or  rather  to  tlic  strength  of 
his  arm,  than  to  the  swiftness  of  his  steed :  for 
more  than  once  his  pursuers  came  up  with 
him,  and  with  their  dying  breath  bad  to  cune 
their  teitieritf  in  attempting  to  seise  him. 

But  who  shall  describe  the  anguish  of  his 
■out,  the  madness  of  liis  rage,  when  he  dis- 
covered that  he  had  lost  his  daughter,  and 
tliat  she  had  fallen  the  victim  of  trcacbciy ! 
flc  gnukshcd  his  lectli,  and  tore  a  handful  uf 
hair  from  his  l>vad,  coupling  the  name  of 
FroUiall  with  the  direst  imprecationa  that  man 
could  utter  ;  and  at  the  same  time  cast  a  glance 
at  t)ic  writhing  justiciary,  which  seemed,  if  I 
may  be  allowed  the  expression,  to  dissolve  its 
victim ;  for,  cowering  down,  and  contracting 
limb  after  limb,  the  unliaj>py  councillor  seemed 
fast  dwindling  into  noncnitjr,  under  its  in- 
fluence I 


SCO 


itokebbn'ob;  ob^ 


Tliere  n-as  hut  one  living  being  in  the  booK 
who  durst  encounter  the  presence  of  the  hcffi- 
riveii  Prinve  at  this  moment;  uid  that  ra 
Bran,  The  white-hrenate<I  Bmn,  ere^iif 
almost  on  her  belly  behind  him,  TeotaM 
though  she  seemed  aware  tliat  it  vns  at  lb 
peril  of  her  life,  to  lick  the  band  of  hermaatcrij 
for  had  not  his  agonizing  tlioughts  been  Bl 
some  measure  diverted,  the  most  fmifi\ 
consequences  might    have  ensued. 

Brnnlmd  well  nigh  rued  the  conaequencet  (f  | 
this  ilUtimvd  display  of  aflcction,  for  Arn»-J 
gus  turned  round  angrily,  and    graspii^  till 
Kword  would  probably  have  severed  her  boJJ 
from  her  hody,   but  that  tlic  sa^acioos  aaii 
hud  retired  to  »  Utile  distance,  and  throwo  bcr-l 
self  on  her  back,  with  her  paws  doubled  onrj 
her  breast,  in  a  posture  which  indicated  cob- 
tritiun  for  her  amiable  offence,  and  niihmrwr 
to  any   punishment  tier    master    might  thoii 
proper  to  inflict-     The  Prince  was  touelxd- 
his   stem   features   relaxed,  and    quitting  ts 
hold  of  Ills  sword,  he  clasped  his  hand  togctki 
on  his  briMisI,  saying — 

"  Oh,  Hnm,  Bran  1  what  can  the  heart  bat 
before  it  breaks  ?" 


TBB   B0MAN8  IN   BBITA1N.  261 


CHAPTER  XII. 

Thcfcene 
II  BOW  tnDiported,  ftCDtles,  lo  Soalhamplon  : 
Then  It  (lie  playhoDM  now,  tlwK  mnit  joa  «it; 

»  ■  *  ■  * 

Bat  tUI  the  Kin;  come  forth,  and  not  till  tben 
UaU  SoDlbamptoD  do  we  lUift  out  icene. 

HBHBV  V. 

Wben  Saetonius  Lad  sent  to  demand  satis- 
&ction  of  Arriragus  for  the  outrage  with  which 
this  narrative  commences,  he  had  not  antici- 
pated, and  therefore  hod  not  provided  for  such 
extensive  operations,  as  present  circumstances 
■eemed  to  render  necessary.     He  had  merely 
come  with  a  power  sufficient,  as  he  thought,  to 
swfl  that  monarch's    daring   soul   into  some- 
thing like  suhmission ;  or  at  all  events  to  sup- 
press any  sudden  commotion,  should  such  take 
place.     But  events  had  taken  a  turn,  which  nu 
human    sagacity    could    have    foreseen ;    and 
though  they  had  not  proved   altogether   un- 
prosperous,   yet  Suetonius  knew  the  active, 
indomitable,  spirit   of  Arriragus  too  well,  to 


98S 


stonbubnok;  or^ 


imagine  that  if  he  had  ciKxpcd,  the  war  «u  u 
an  end ;  and,  moTcorer,  he  was  of  too  cautwM 
a  disposition,  to  hazard  a  defeat  for  mat  <d 
harini;  made  sufficient  preparations. 

Under  these  circumstances,  therefore,  iM.| 
Itaring  a  sufficient  force  to  attack  SorbiodnaiB}! 
or,  indeed,  to  withstand  any  forttiidable  ca» 
bination,  should  the  King  be  able  to  raixe  uoc;  i 
he  merely  took  tl>e  necessary  steps  f<w  4*1 
burial  of  the  slain^  and  remox'cd  hia  caap  NJ 
CUusentutn. 

The  se<]uel  shewed  that  he  had  not  miitilM  j 
tlw  character  of  his  antagoniHt ;   for  Arrii^i 
flew  about  like  a  chafed  lion,  leaving  no  ma 
untried  by  which  he  thought  it  possibk  taj 
sttmutate  tlie  coumgc  of  bis  subjects,  or  tSm.* 
Tlie  far  sounding    reverberations   of  the  W 
shield,  the  heaven-brightening    gleam  of  tk 
bcaoon'fires,  tJie  svrift-tiaveUing  hue  and  at. 
broke   in  upon  Uie  stillness  and   darknen  d 
midnight;  and  terror  usurped  the  place  of  n- 
pOU>    A  burnt  stick,  tlio  end  of  which  iai 
been  dipped  in  goafs  blood,  passed  from  tand 
to  hand  tiirough  every  clan ;    annuundiig  At 
determination  of  the  cliicftain  to  visit  with  fin 
and  sword  crery  cUninian,    who    should  not 
Ay  to  hi«  assistance  at  this  perilous  cfius. 


mu 


TUB    KOHANS    IN     HRITAIN. 

All  that  human  activity  could  cffvct,  vn»  put 
into  rv<)uiution  by  Arviragus ;  but  tli«  iiiune 
Suetonius,  the  victor  of  Boadicen,  wu  too 
niiidnblc  fur  bina  to  coutcnd  against.  A  few 
ve  apinta,  like  his  own,  rallied  round  him  ; 
■oroo  from  baser  motivvs,  hastened  to  his 
;  but  lie  could  nut  collect  a  sufficient  army 
I  renew  tlie  battle,  «nd  «tt»ck  the  camp  of 
ueloiiiuti  as  be  had  wished ;  ami  was,  ttierefure, 
coiu|teUed  to  act  on  the  defeuaive,  and  to  con- 
fine bia  preparations  to  tlte  fortification  of 
Surbiodunum.  Thus  eroploved  wc  must  leave 
biu),  lutd  hurry  off  to  rujotn  Suetonius  at  Clau- 
Mlitum. 

Clauscntuin  wns,  as  we  have  before  stated, 
the  Runiiui  Southampton.  It  did  not,  indeed, 
»t«nd  exactly  whore  Suutliampton  now  dues 
>r  it  WAS  situated  at  a  Kmall  place  called 
itt«m,  about  a  mile  and  a  half  from  South- 
ampton, and  on  tlte  opposite  banks  uf  Uic  river 
Itchen. 

The  site  of  tho  present  lively  and  elegant 
iwn  was  then  a  marsh,  averflowcd  at  high 
ter,  and  bounded  by  a  delta  of  mud,  of 
hich  it  seemed  but  a  cuntinuatiou :  and  shoats 
i  porpoises  left  tlicir  momentary  track, 
here  now  the  indented  pavement  shows  th« 


2GI 


■TOMtllSNOG  ;    OR, 


inttM«8S  of  tliTonging  tnulUtudes.  The  inkml 
boundary  of  Uiis  swamp  was  at  tliat  tiiH  ■ 
dense  forest,  where  elms  grew — not  as  st  pn- 
sent,  in  cathedral  like  vista,  throwing  the  ttiadi 
of  their  arched  foliage  over  that  gnceM 
avenue,  which  forniB  U>e  approach  to  the  toini, 
and  U  the  healthful  and  beautiful  protneoMlt 
of  the  inhabitntits ;  but  grouped  to^rtlia  a 
confvdcmtvd  resistance  of  sun  and  stars;  iuh) 
with  their  impervioua  bnwches  sfaclterii^  tk 
lair  of  tlie  wolf,  or  affording  a  covert  to  tbt 
wild  ox. 

It  is  true,  that  mccs  were  held  then  as  no*, 
and  perhaps  over  the  same  course,  tliough  lutf 
then  80  well  defined :  but  tltc  contest  ww  ht- 
tween  the  shaggy  bear,  and  the  long  mmi 
white  bull ;  and  boars  and  wild  cats  «af 
among  the  spectators  1 

Very  diRerent  was  the  state  of  ttiii^  M 
Clausentum.  In  that  noolt  of  land  calM 
Biltcni,  formed  by  a  sweep  of  tlie  lichen, 
which  half  surrounded  it,  and  where  now  i 
solitary  house  rears  iu  head,  was  a  Roam 
station  of  consi<lcrabIe  importance.  Tfaw. 
who  with  equal  facility  create*  and  deatrvji. 
renovates  and  demolisliea;  has  just  reversm)  b> 
operations  on  this  Hide  of  the  rtrer.     On  tk 


TUB    BOMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 

[other  wc  have  seen  »  beautiful  town  rise,  like 
exhalation,  fro  in  the  swamps: — on  tliis,  we 
behold  the  splendid  creations  of  human  in- 
dustry melt  away  and  disappear,  like  the  avui- 
■vmittcn  fabrications  of  the  frost ! 
At  the  period  of  our  narrative,  the  tortuous 
river  Itclien  seemed  to  maintain  a  perpetual 
atruggle  vrilli  Itoniaii  encmncliroents,  and  like 

In  huge  serpent  ap(ieured  to  endeavour  to  crush 
tlitt  Uomau  ea^le  in  its  coils : — 


^— Hm  niiikc  *raiiDd  bii  Tormy'i  neck 
liOtfc'd  ■■  *tH  ringi  liu  kdaBuntinc  coil. 


■inai! 


After  ft  struggle  of  nearly  eighteen  centuries. 
the  Southampton  serpent  is  triumphant,  and 
abt  now  stretches  her  slimy  undulations  over 
the  grave  of  her  foe ;  hut  at  that  period  of  the 
iggle   she  bore   in  her  indented  sides  the 

aiksoftlie  Roman  eagle's  talons,  and  often 
reflected  iu  gorgeous  pluinnge  from  her  glitter- 
ing breast. 

i  Instead  of  the  tall  yaelit,  and  the  stalely 
brig,  which  now  furrow  the  Itchcn,  Uierc 
were  then  to  he  seen  the  tnimbrous  Roman 
galley,  or  the  light  osier-wcaved  bark  of  the 
Sri  tons. 

This  station  was  then  the  scene  of  life  tod 


VOL.   1, 


stonkiikngb;  ok, 

nctiricjr,  and  alreniiy  abounded  with  motft- 
merits  of  Roman  ciiterprize.  A  M-all  o(  mat 
feel  thicknesH,  ext«niling  from  one  iimi  of  iW 
xivet  to  the  other,  flanked  with  roand  towers 
e«cli  extremity,  and  having  a  large  scmi-ri 
castle  in  the  centre,  defined  and  defended  ii 
limits  by  land;  while  columns  and 
tenijiles  and  altnrs,  formed  its  interior  sdoi 
nients.  Forums,  theatres  and  baths, 
tliere  also,  tliough  time  has  left  no  Tottigc 
them. 

A  new  road,  straight  as  a  Scythiau  arrow.oci 
at  all  e^'enU,  straij;ht  as  that  iron  road  wbidi 
is  now  just  commenced  on  the  opposite  hui 
of  the  rlTer,  and  by  irliich  the  inhabitant!  d 
Sotttliampton  hope,  with  their  titoam-propclM 
cars,  almost  to  aunihilate  the  dislKncc  betwm 
themselves  and  the  metropolis,  was  theo  in 
progress,  to  connect  Clauscnlum  with  tbf 
Belgian  city  Venta  or  Windiester.* 

In  the  semi-circular  castle  or  tower,  vliidi 
we  hax-e  mentioned,  was  seated  Suctonhu,  ca 
the  second  day  after  the  b«ltle  at  Cranbourw 
ohase,  with  his  green  book  of  instnictiooa  Xjiat 

*  TbU  rcnil  biw  bcrn  complrled  for  tome  Ifasc;  kMlb 
text  hu  not  been  tllcivd,  u  it  wr*M  to  *W*  m^a  lb 
work  vu  i>ntlca.^Ei>. 


TUB   BOHANS   IN    nRITAIN. 


267 


un  a  table  before  bim,  and  iiround  liini  verc 
kitting  tome  of  his  principal  officers.* 

"This  you  think,  tiien,  includes  all  the 
Alain,"  said  he  ;  addressing  an  officer  who  had 
just  prowntcd  hita  a  tablet,  on  wlitdi  ms 
written  a  list  of  the  stain  and  wounded  in  the 

late  battle. 

^K  Th«  officer  replied  that  it  was  as  complete 
^bfl  circumstances  would  allow,  though  some  few 
^incm  were  yet  missing ! 

Suetonius  again  inquired,  "  How  rnKtiy  do 
you  make  of  them  }" 

"  About  three  hundred,"  was  tlie  reply. 
"  What,  besides  those  who  fell  in  the  skirm- 
ish in  the  wood  r"  pursued  Suetonius. 
H     "  Besides  them,"  ansa-erc<l  the  officer. 

"  Altogether  wc  haTc  lost  nearly  five  hun- 
dred then,"  obserrcd  Suetonius,  "  not  reckon- 
ing the  centurion  Valens,  end  Pudcns,  whom 
lese  savages  killed  in  the  first  affray  i" 

The  (ulfo  of  oSm  nf  tbr  jtotcnor  ot  RriMln    wm  • 
t  ^liHtnitlliu  mit    »  firtm  nwcr,  wbitls  vfctn  Uw  Rv- 

I  ioinlatoa  «•■  nofc  ntieorive    wd  wuM  Uuu  at  tbu 

I  of  tbb  Ul«,  h«d  Btc  CMlln  deliDciltd  iipoa  li    to  re- 

fnwu  tlw  fiv>  Brititti  frotinm  under  liii  (kuDininn.   Set  ■ 

''vprj'  »bU  (od  inlcKkting  rpitow«  of  iW  nictiliiCfy   far 

icorpriil*^  Driuia,  and  the  oUicr  jiroiiDm  ut  ttm  Komaa 

Empire.— /*i(f*r<<il  //Ik.  </  KtigUna. 

a   2 


268 


KTONRnRNAK;    OR^ 


The  fiery  eyes  of  Suetonius  had  been  dutisf 
flames  during  this  conversation ;  and  he  nov 
gave  vent   to   Ma    passion: — "Tlie   cune  d 
Mars  lt(;ht  on  these  stubborn  barlximm,  tai 
ui>on  mc  too,"  said  he,  "  if   1  leave  that  rU 
An'ira^us  more  than  six  feet  of  ground  fiirb) 
tenitories."     I{e  then  began  perusing  the  lit. 
making  some  remark  to  himself  upon  alnutf 
every  name  of  note. — "  Furciis — what  ii  bf 
slain   too ! — he   won't   cross   the  Stygtaa  faij 
alone;    his  good  svrord  has   made   him  tow 
companions,    I  will    n-arrant.       I*ubliu»— vtJ 
brave    Puhlius  ! — your    prodigious    BtTeaglk.1 
then,    did  not  n\-ail  you  !      Maximua. — UwJ 
was    MaximuB    slain?"    be    inquired   of  tlt| 
officer. — 

The  officer  answered,  that  be  had  punsei] 
Arvimgus,  and  the  King  had  slain  bini  witliliij 
own  hand. 

"  Then  the  msnes  of  Boadicca  are  appeast^*] 
said  Suetonius,  " for  ccrtAinly,  Maximustea-I 
tiibuted  more  to  her  defeat  tlian  any  other  n] 
men  in  Uie  army." 

The  officer  made  no  verbal  reply,  but  InoW 
very  much  chagrined,  and  began  feeling  tbo* 
a  tremendous  scar,  Icfl;  hy  a  woand  be  W 
received  in    that    battle:    Suetunitui   wu  t** 


THK   SOHANS    IN     BtllTA.lN. 


369 


'intent  on  hia  list  to  notice  it,  and  pursued  hU 
course,  tilt  lighting  on  b  fmvouritc  name,  be 
said,  "  Fidenx.  Ah,  Fidens !  I  >ra  not  sui^ 
prised  that  yuu  ore  among  them ;  but  I  will 
revenge  you.  By  Jove !  I  will  cxtcrrainntv 
ihe»e  Imrhariint." 

White  lie  wits  thus  indulging  his  onlif  foible, 
hU  sererity,  a  cavalcade  approached  tlie  gate*, 
and  a  soldier  immediately  nnnounced  t]ie  cap- 
tan  and  arrivid  of  tlie  King's  daughter ! 
^ft     Roacnn*  and  old  Ana  were  sent  for  to  ap- 
^R>ear  beTore  Suetonius ;  but  old  Ana,  like  Ba- 
^Rum's  ass,  instead  of  moving  forward,  tumctl 
round  to  talk,  and  in  somewhat  disrespectful 
terni!!  disputed  the  orders :— "  Leave  the  King's 
daughter  alone,"  said  she  to  the  guard,  "  until 
ahe  shall  liavc  rested  and  taken  some  refresh- 
ment :     let   your    master    know,"    she    con- 
tinued, as  they  did  not  seem  to  heed  her — "  let. 
your  master  know  that  wc  will  wait  upon  him 
before  tlie  sun  has  doubled  hi»  fthadovr," 

"  Hold  your  tongue,  you  old  hag,"  said 
Mnnius,  who  was  somewhut  impatient  for  hi.t 
ixpected  rewar<I,  linring  kept  up  a  skirtniah 
ritli  Ana  nearly  the  whole  of  the  way. 

**  I>on't  call  me  hag,"  said  Ana  indif^nantly, 

1  am   no  hog,  but  tlie  King's  herb-woman ; 


S70 


btonriienob;  or« 


Bod  my  husband  was  no  brachlcss  surf,  the  Eh  i 
of  you,  but  Uio  royal  blacksmitb." 

Sh«  would  have  added  oiucli  more,  but  n 
checked  by  Roscrana,  vho  was  now  lulling  . 
into  the  presence  of  Suetonios. 

Old  Ana  looked  at  the  majestic,  bat  lun 
features  of  •Suetonius,  and  the  dignified  nub- 
lary  appearance  of  the  officers  around  his. 
and,  for  the  tirst  time  in  her  life,  was  cffcctuft 
silenced. 

Want  of  rest,  abs^enec  from  food^  oad  » 
guish  of  heart,  had  given  a  pale  and  dcJMMt 
appearance  to  the  fine  features  of  RoieiMa 
Her  hair  was  dishevelled,  and  Iicr  eyes  soi 
red  with  weeping  ;  but  sorrow  rattier  this 
terror  was  pourtraycd  in  her  countenance.  !>«■ 
tonios,  unfortunately,  still  had  the  tableis  ii  1 
mortality  in  his  hand,  hut  for  wliich  drcaa- 
stance,  he  would,  probably,  have  H;fTBi«Ml 
Roscrann,  unquestioned,  to  the  place  ntiigwi^ 
for  her,  until  she  liod  a  litrJe  recovered  ftm 
her  fatigues.  When  he  beheld  her.  tlie  tet- 
rity  of  his  countenance  relaxed ;  but  when  ho 
eyes  again  encountered  ttie  fatal  list,  his  so- 
terily  returned :— "  Look  at  this  list,  maidw,' 
said  be,  "and  see  what  tltc  rebellion  of  tbi 


TUB   ROMANS   IN    OBITAIK. 


S71 


i  hou&e  hns  cost  Ui,  and  then  tell  us  what  fate 
I  thou  denervest." 

Tins  question  aroused  in  Roscrana  the  noble 
aptrit  of  her  ancestors,  and  she  was  determined 
not  to  disgrace  them :  she  therefore  collected 
all  her  courage,  and  placinf;  her  tresses  aade, 
so  as  not  to  prevent  her  seeing  the  tablets, 
which  slie  could  not  help  eyeing  with  some 
little  satisfaction,  as  tropliics  of  hei'  country's 
valour,  she  answered  eompoaedly:— "  I  knon- 
not,  proud  Komun  I  what  1  deserve,  became  I 
know  Dot  what  I  h»vu  done;  but  were  thy 
t«J>leta  twice  as  wdl  filled,  tlie  death  erf"  a  tliou- 
■and  of  my  foes  would  not  compeniiat«  mc  for 
tlie  loss  of  one  brother." 

"  But  tell  tne,  maiden,"   replied  Suetonius, 

"  bad  I  slain  as  many  of  thy  father's  friends  as 

H^e   hath  of  mine,  and.  had  1  fallen  into  his 

^hands,  what  would  ho  bare  done  to  me  V 

H     "I  know  not  what  lie  would  hare  done  to 

jfou,"  Roscnna  replied,  "  but  1  know  that  he 

would  not  have  insulted  §ovr  liavgktur.     He 

.was  too  kind  to  his  own  children  to  harm  those 

>f  otliers." 

"  Maiden,"'  rejomed   Suetonius,  somcwliat 

fctoucbcd,  "  I  meant  not  to  insult  tbe« :  1  cannot 


S73 


STON'UllttNOS  ;    OR, 


restore  thy  brother  to  thee ;  but  no  one  iIhU' 
harm  thyaelf.  While  thou  art  under  my  pro- 
tection, thou  shall  want  for  notKing.' 

Koscrana,  vhu  had  bclicld  unmoved  aQ  t]ie 
"pomp  anil  circumstance"  of  power,  was  mehcd 
to  tears  hj  kindness,  and  said,  "  N  able  RobuHi 
since  you  know  how  to  conqnvr  in  mercy  as 
well  as  in  war.  let  mc  ask  one  favour — tell  me 
wlictJicr  my  I'iitlicr  is  sitfe  (" 

Suetonius,  whose  eye  had  agnin  fallen  on  tk  , 
tjthlets,  reaumed  liiit  severity  of  aspect  attbaj 
mention  of  her  father,  and  answered  with  Imi 
benignity  than  he  had  hitherto  islicwn^  *'T(9,J 
child,  yes ;  thy  fattier  i*  safe.** 

Roscrana  now  willidrew;  and  her  de[ 
was  almost  iiisUnily  followed  by  the  arrii 
Pudens,  and  the  old  bard,  whom  for  liis  givater 
security,   Pudens  represented  as  hia  priaooert] 
rightly  conjecturing  that  his  services  migbl  be' 
useful,  in  case  any  ncgociaLiun  should  be,i 
tored  into  between  the  adverse  parties. 

The  return  of  cho  long  lost   Pudens, 
otJ>crs  of  his  faithful  adherents,  n}iom  be1 
numbered   among    the   slain  ;     ibe    fiulura 
Arviragus'    endeavours   to   orgttnice  anothtrl 
army;  and,  above  all,  the  capture  of  tlie  Kine** 
daughter — had  well  nigh  intoxicated  Suetoniu*, 


TIIK    ROUAXB    IK    BBirAIN. 


*7S 


Iknd  produced  one  of  those  momenbi  of  self- 
[■ppUusc  Slid  exultation  wbicli  is  the  sure  pre- 
jcursnr  of  disappointtnctit !  \Vhen  we  feel  in* 
Eolined  to  My,  "  Is  not  this  great  Babylon  that 
[  I  have  built  >"  Let  us  bcwuv  uf  the  iiite  uf 
iNelmcIindncszar ! 

The  6rst  manifeHtation  of  tlits  undue  elation 
the  ^ift  of  an  enormous  reirard  to  MiiniuH 
I     for  the  capture  of   Itoserana,   part  of  which 
^BwaN  expended  in  the  erectiun  of  on  altar  to 
■the  tutelary  deity  of  the  place.  (X) 
^      But  to  rrtorn  to  Suetonius — Suetonius  was 
reclining  at   a  table,  ivith  his  uffieera  aroun<l 
him,   among;  whom  waa    iV^cola,  the  future 
conqueror  of   Britain,  then  a  young  man  of 
aWut  twenty-one  years  of  Bi[c,  who  was  listen- 
ing eagerly  to  his  general's  plans  of  cunqncKt, 
^Kttlc  conscious  that  he    wns  the  person  dci- 
^Tined  to  earrv  tlicm  into  execution.    The  war- 
rior's heart  begian  to  kindle  witli  the  warinilt 
of  some  fine  old   Palemian ;  and  he  indulgeil 
bis  excited  feelings  by  instituting  a  coniparison 
bvtween  his  own  exploits   and    thoKC  of   hi« 
rival,   the   famous    Roman    (lencral   CoHmlo. 
••  Well,"   said   be,  "  if  I  h&re  not  conyumd 
Britnin,  I  have  pretcnvd  it :  for  it  had  well 
jgh  shaken  oil*  our  yoke.     I   have   subdued 

N  3 


27t 


STONRneNOB;  or. 


:  RUT- 


Boiulicca,  deieated  An-imgus,  nnd  captured  tut 
daughter.  Yes,"  he  added,  waxing  more  ener 
getic  as  he  proceeded,  "  and  I  have  m 
done ;  for  since  that  rchcl  Arriragus  bos 
mc  to  draw  my  svrord,  I  will  throw  away  tlit 
sculihitrd,  or,  at  all  ereiita,  I  will  not  sheath 
it  agiiiii  until  the  Romnn  eagle  ovoraliadom 
every  town,  from  Vcclid  to  Thulc."  • 

With  that  military  ardour,  which  was  Uit 
distiiigfuishiiig  trait  of  hia  character,  he  tha 
began  to  enter  Into  more  minute  dcuih- 
pointing  out  the  elegibihty  of  this  place  for  la 
encainpnieat,  and  of  tliat  for  a  furtifiabon. 
the  best  means  of  invading  such  a  terribirT- 
and  of  retaining  such  onuthcr  in  suhjectiDO- 
Pursuing  thc«c  schvmcs  of  eunquest,  he  ttuwi 
to  the  young  Agricola,  who,  notwithatauduu 
his  youth,  poiisessed  marvellous  acumen  in  pa> 
eeiving,  at  a  glance,  the  adaptation  of  a  plia 
for  any  particular  military  pur[>osc :  "  I  u« 
you,"  xaid  he,  addressing  hiaij  **  I  saw  yn 
rvconnottering  Uie  banks  of  thia  estuary;  vldi  j 
ctin  we  do  heref"  J 

■■  I  think,''  replied  Agrtcula,  "  that  we  ni^i^ 
make  hero  one  of  tlie  best  and  safest  porta  a 
the  i&Und. 

■  Vmrn  ihc  Ulc  ot  Wfhtto  SbMlMd, 


TUB    BOtlAXB   l.V    DKITAIN. 

'As  I  sailed  bither  from  Vectis,  I  could 
nut  help  repeating  to  myself  thou  linea  of 
VirgU:- 

Wilkin  II  loa^  tmch  (here  llri  abnyt 
An  itliod  tk*il<*  it  (toot  the  nilling  •(■■ 
Aad  tonat  ■  port  Mcare  foi  iliipi  to  thit  | 
Drake  l>}r  the  juttlDg  UqiI,  oh  either  tide, 
to  il«uhle  armtn)  the  briny  watt-rt  jliiic"* 

Guge  !  eugc !  (excellent !  csocUent !)  my 
Agficoln!"  cried  Suetonius,  "1  would  that  our 
uwiiihi|>«,  which  were  wrecked  in  the  summer, 
hod  liecd  lying  at  anchor  liorc.  Many  a  stout 
vcwel,  and  stuutLT  heart,  would  have  been  left 
|-for  the  lervioc  of  our  oouiitry." 

"  Wo  have  yet  enough,''  said  Pudcns. 
"  liightly  spoken,"  rejoined  Suetonius:  and 
^tlien  lie  went  on  with  his  plan  for  Uie  entire 
subjugatioD  of  Dritain  ;  his  schemes  extending 
as  his  nrdouf  increased. 

Ill  the  midst  of  these  lofly  speculations  lie 
was  interrupted  by  a  messenger  bearing  a  do- 
I  spate!)  from  Home. 

As  Suetonius  perused  tlie  contentt  of  (he 

itch,  which  was  but  a  briel'  one,  his  cheeks 

pale,  and  his  lips  compressed;   and  Ida 

■  1^1  i*  MCMU  l«nga  toca*,  Ao. 


aroNBUBNGK;  or, 


liand  clenched  his  sword,  as  though  in  k  po- 
uxysni  of  rage.  lie  rentaiaed  for  some  mi^ 
menu  uliitorbed  in  mental  emotion.  At  la&(  he 
tlirew  the  despatch  «crnss  the  table,  mutlerio; 
between  his  Leelli,  as  thoa|;h  to  bim&clf:  "  Niy, 
mjr  country,  it  is  not  for  me  to  harm  Uue. 
though  thou  knowcst  not  thine  ovm  wmI 
See,"  continued  he,  addressing  his  officers,— 
"  see  how  1  nm  rewarded !'' 

Tliu  despatch  whk,  in  fact,  a  recall  to 
urging  as  a  protifxt  h\%  carelossncss  in  not  pr^ 
vidiiig  a  sat'i:  port  for  the  siiipping.*  Thuiia 
a  most  astonishing  manner  was  fulfilled  tlw 
prophecy  of  tJie  Arch  Druid  ;  and  tlius  in  on* 
raomcnt  were  annihilated  all  the  uiagni&cnl 
designs  of  Suetonius.  Let  those  good  easy  aonb 
who  have  felt  the  "  nipping  frost"  of  disappobt- 
ment  just  trhcn  they  deemed  "full  surely  thor 
greatness  was  a  ripening" — let  them  imsfiM 
the  hitter  feelings  which  Suetonius  disscmbM 
as  he  exclaimed  with  apparent  gaiety,  "Ak 
welt,  if  it  is  forbidden  us  to  gather  fresh  lauirit, 
no  one,  thank  Jove,  can  deprive  us  of  tfaoK 
which  «-e  have  gathered." 

*  Tliiii  rcnton  i>  Mtlgnril  by  Ticltiu,  Aan.  lib.  sir.  i.Xi 
but  Ihv  tniiiv  miiiioc  nMJ^*  >  dJIfercnt  cauMs  (ia  Vkt 
Agric.  ■.  16.  til.  Iho  KTcfitjrof  Siutoaiaa. 


TUB    BOKANS    IN    BRITAIN'. 


i77 


^ 
* 


Dinppointing,  hovcvcr,  &i  this  suporaeding 

to  Suetonius,  it  was  n  moat  fortunate  cir- 

icurnvtance  for  Art-igarus;  for  as  Utc  former 

aid  not  now  pro&ecutc  tlie  var,  and  as  his 

■uooexsor  Petrauius  'I'urpilianus,  who  was  of  a 

lesa  a«v«rc  diapositiun,  liad   no  inclination  to 

renew  Itostilities,  the  terms  projioscd  to  Arvi- 

ragiu  were  less  humiliating  than  they  othcmiw 

would  hare  bcvn ;  and  consequently,  were  more 

readily   Acquiesced   in.     There  wa*   only  one 

condition  to  whieti  he  fell  luiy  rorygrctt  rduct- 

anoei  but  this  was  |KKniptorily  in«i»ted  on — 

namely,    that   Uosomna   sliuuld   be   taken   to 

Itomc  wi  a  hoatajjo  fur  tlio  iiutliful  obwrvaneo 

if  the  treaty. 

To  this  hard  condition,  Arviraj^*,  being  in 

the  power  of  his  enemy,  wa<i  at  last  obliged  to 

submit :   and  the  treaty   'was   finally   ratified 

by  a  wlcmn  sacrifice  to  the  gods,  upon  the 

alur  which  wc  have  already  described  as  bnng 

consecrated    to    the   tutelary  deity   of   Clau- 

Bcntum ;  and  preparations  were  made  for  the 

tleparturc  of  Hoscrana  to  Rome  ! 


NOTES. 


(A).— PAOB   31. 
BBITIBB    TATOOINS, 


laoDORB describes  the  mode  of  tatooiDg,  thnii — "IW 
Dritous  squeeze  the  juice  of  certain  herba  into  figBiti 
made  on  their  bodies  with  points  or  needlei."  From  & 
colouring  of  these  figures,  the  epithet,  "  Cwnim 
lirilannis,"  was  used  by  Martial,  and  *'  Viridoqgt 
BritauDos,"  by  Ovid  ;  but  begides  these  general  onaoriil 
bearings,  the  [iriests  of  ancient  times  ivere  accostomHl 
to  \ie  branded,  or  stigmatised  with  the  badge  of  the  got 
in  whose  service  they  ministered  :  thus  Ptolemy  Philo- 
pator,  King  of  Egypt  obtained  the  surname  oTGalttB, 
liecausc  he  was  stigmatized,  or  marked  ttrith  the  leaf  of 
,in  ivy,  the  badge  of  his  god,  Bacchus,  in  the  lunt 
manner  as  the  priests  called  Galli ;  and  he  evinced  hi: 
enmity  towards  the  Jews  by  a  decree,  that  all  of  tbtn 
then  living  Id  Aleiandria  should  come  to  be  enrolldl, 
and  at  the  time  of  their  enrolment  should,  under  ih* 
penalty  of  being  made  slaves,  have  an  ivy  leaf  bianded 
with  a  hot-iron  upon  them  ;  from  which  cniel  deem, 
howt'vtr,  tlie  Jews  were  rescued  by  Divine  interpoaitioa.— 
See   I'hiDBAUx's   CuNNecTiON,   part   2,    b.  2  :* 


•  SeEi)»ii  ta  Bccoupt  of  Ihii  pcMMUllon  Id  tlie  spoclirTplHl  borttf 


(B).— PAom  40. 


rm  HAotcAL  csraTAu 


Th*  DrnidB  wnt  taeh  aAtpl*  ia  the  art*  of  magic, 
UmI  rtinf  laf*,*  they  might  hnvr  brra  takvn  for 
dw  inatrvctota  or  Ibe  Pfniaii*  tbpmscU-a.  (rum  «ho« 
tltis  occult  tciFiK*  derjvnl  tU  niunc  [  and  the  vtriout 
inptHncBta  refcrrcd  to,  have  hero  frtiiDpnllj  diamvtrpd 
in  tbc  tumuli  on  Sxli^buiy  pUin,  esd  vUewh«re. 

Tbcr*  i*  a  proround  diiieitatioii  on  tbe  magical  cryttal 
in  IXwglas'i  Nrnia  BKt&nnica,  troat  which  I  uitnct 
ifal  (allowing  biicf  paiit>cular»,  premising  that  the  uib- 
jact  of  hit  invntigation  itm  a  aoiaU  boll  ot  cryita], 
enchxcd  in  a  cap  of  wIttt,  (iciwlaul  to  two  tllver  liugRt 
Ibwul  ta  a  tomutut  near  Chathan  ■—•'  It  i>,"  laj-a  he, 
"a  Druldiral  aiicculun).  which  tli«  Draida  ptcwdcd 
WMild  draw  down  tliv  Logb,  the  cMeooe  of  *|Ntitual  in, 
%ni  ptvMoccuf  Anar,  (Goi)},  wliviMitr  thty  coniatitd 
tbe  oimI«.  It  prevailed  fraia  the  rttnotc»t  period  of 
tlm«,  througliut)(  all  Ihc  Btitjsh  Iilc*,  to  the  |)rtMi)i  day. 
It  is  tUc  uao  ttoiM,  tbv  aac  of  whicb  i>  forhiddeii  the 
J«ws,  Levli.  31.  I.  "  Ye  tball  mak*  yon  no  tdolik  wr 
Crxven  iatagc,  neither  rmr  jpok  kji  a  HaiuUaji  faaojr, 
mhlhrt  »MI  ft  rtt  up  oaf  ima/t  q^afoaf  ia  yoar  lomd, 
which  ia  expoundtd  ia  the  na/gia  i"  rev  a  pillar,  or  uc 
a  pieitiTfdtlout.  the  tatter  being  rcsdmd  hy  the  JO  Xifcc 

Aathunotcianot  ioirnded  for  a  practical  troatiacnpon 
tbe  w  of  the  crytttl  ball.!  do  pot  think  my»«lfoecewitBled 
to  uaMcribe  the  Ivu^liy  form  of  conjuration  given  by 
Dodglaai  but  I  will  cootrot  uywlf  with  copying,  for  the 
cdlflcatlaa  of  my  rraJcn,  the  followiug  niract,  fran  the 
famous  aattDlogcr  Lily,  xhich  will  Miielyditpri  any  irKrt- 
dnlity  wbicb  may  bavir  hitherto  luriel  in  tbeir  nindi  ic- 
•(iwting  tbe  potency  of  thii  magical  inatniBieat.  "All  the 
•  nm.  111(1.  Ub.  ia.«r.  I. 


ISO 


nonu. 


ftncjent  Mlraloiten  of  England  were  artonUhtd  M  ay 
iiiftiiucrofwTilini[.e>tiecially<iBeol(l  Mr.  WillUm  lIo^fM' 
who  lirttd  neat  WaU-«tlmniplon,  mud  many  other*.  «h* 
andcntood  antrology  competently  well,  ai  tb«T  thoogU. 
[loclgRi  twure  I  dltl  mcira  bjr  ii*t(uluf;y  than  be 
by  tlic  ciysttil,  aud  ate  llii'ieof.  wliicb  tie  uniltril 
iwrfectly  aa  mv  one  in  Engtintl.  He  rrsolvcd 
utrolofiieally ;  nAtivitici  be  meddled  not  with  i  in 
of  other  nature,  which  rcqaiicd  more  cur toaJty,  Iw  r^ 
pkired  to  thecryiii«l,  and  invoked  Tor  hUMOK*!*.  R«|ihMl. 
Gabriel,  and  Uiivl.''  I1i«u  he  pv*a  u»  tbc  fbllowitf 
anccdute,  to  wliidi  I  iniMt  request  my  reader*!  in] 
crvili^nco.  "  One  John  Scott,  trftvalting  into  9ul 
ibiff,  ceisidcd  with  IlodRc*  k  month  or  his  we«^.  Os 
hi*  return  Ici  Lniulon,  be  dnited  llodg^  to  abow  faia  Af 
[>«non.  and  featurra  of  the  prrtan  he  khottld  nuFf. 
[)odp>s  carried  bim  to  >  field  not  far  from  bis  hmH«,  vd, 
pulling  out  hi*  crytUi,  bid  Scott  >et  bit  Toot  to  his,  •a' 
after  made  hiin  insped  i  nben,  otling  him  what  be  m«, 
he  replied — 

" '  1  «cc  a  ruddy  cnmplriioneJ  wcncb,  tn  a  red  waiit- 
coott  drawing  a  can  of  hccr.' 

" '  Sbe  inu*t  be  your  wife,*  uid  Hodgea.* 

"  A»  Srott  wa»  under  promiM  of  iBOtrioge  to 
woinnu,  bv  denied  lb<  pOMibillty  of  lhi6.  But  Iwo 
allervinrd*.  on  a  journey  to  Hover,  on  his  ri-tuta,  be  pal 
up  nt  &□  inn,  in  Canterbury  j  but,  nbtaking  the  paair^ 
for  lite  sittii-B- room.  <an  nwLnanl  inislokc,  ihit,  foria 
ungry  traveller  1)    he  now   llir  ukttical  t/irt  tcAick  Mt 

OKH  («  Aim  Ay  Hottgtt  fa  lit  rrplal.  droMriitg  ^  Inr. 
In  oltorhmnil  noon  laJHag  plafr,  Ar  leu  utamW  /•  br* 
And  thua  the  riiiun  uf  tbi;  ctplal  woa  perfectly  aemn- 
pliibed  1" 

1  &Iuill  add  no  CDmm«nt*  of  nine  lo  this  auihMUr 
litilo  outcdote,  further  than  to  observe,    tliat  bdbn  1 


itotu.  SSI 

think  myMlf  jutified  in  recoiameDding  the  adoption  of 
the  erf *tal  to  mj  fair  readera,  id  lieu  of  tbat  very  satis- 
factory experiment  of  drawing  a  piece  of  wedding-cake 
through  a  ring,  Emd  depositing  it  under  their  pillow,  I 
miut  ascertain  whether  this  bright  vision  of  the  damsel 
>rith  raddy  compleiion,  and  still  more  ruddy  garb,  had 
the  efltct  of  making  the  aforesaid  John  Scott  jilt  bis 
former  inoamorata. 

Tlie  sieve  and  shears,  are  thus  referred  to  by  Butler,  in 
the  Sod.  Canto  of  Hudibras. 

In  magic  he  was  deeply  read, 
Aa  he  that  made  the  brazen  head. 
Profoundly  skilled  in  the  black  art. 
As  English  Merlin,  for  his  heart ; 
But  far  more  akilful  in  the  spheres. 
Than  he  was  in  the  sieve  and  shears. 


(C}.— piOB  18. 

THS    DBUID's   OROVB. 


Locan's  description  of  the  Drnidica]  grove  ia  ■ocb  a 
maaterpiece  of  its  kbd,  that  I  shall  insert  a  translation 
of  it,  without  an  apology  for  the  length  of  the  note  : — 

Not  far  away,  for  ages  past,  bad  stood 

An  old  inviolated  sacred  wood; 

Whose  gloomy  boughs,  thick  interwoven,  made 

A  chilly,  cheerless,  everlasting  shade : 

lliere,  nor  the  rustic  gods,  nor  satyrs  sport. 

Nor  lawns  and  sylvans  with  the  nymphs  resort; 

Bat  barbaroDS  priests  some  dreadful  power  adore. 

And  lostrate  every  tree  with  human  gore. 

If  mysteries  in  times  of  old  received. 

And  pioos  ancientry  be  yet  believed. 


MS 


TbM*  DM  the  f«*tbrrtd  MagsWr  buiUs  h«T  om. 
Nor  lonely  doiu  oobcmI  th«  taTa^a  be**!  i 
lliera  no  ((iMiMrtuom  wixiddi  |>r««i)iii«  to  if,         _ 
£'•0  lightniniti  fflnnce  aloof,  u>d  ahoot  obliqady  if 
NowantuD  bntm  Iom  ifae  ilancliig  lekmt. 
But  abiv«rlB|  horror  in  ih«  brucbM  be****. 
Black  BptingB,  with  pitch)'  it/roiiw,  divide  ibc 
And  bubbJini,  tumble  nilh  a  aulltn  •ouad. 
Old  inugc*  or  fomu  nuHbapen  ataDd, 
Rude  and  unknowing  of  the  aitiat's  band  ; 
With  hottiy  filth  begrinod.  Mcb  gbasilj-  head 
Strikes  tliv  aitomtJied  gucr'a  »atil  with  dread ; 
No  gcd*.  who  lung  in  Mmmoa  »)iape«  aiitioarc^ 
Vltte  t'vT  with  lucb  rell(ioua  awp  revered : 
But  Mttlnai  crowds  iu  tgooraacc  ador«. 
And  still  the  leM  lh«7  know,  tlitjr  Tear  tb«  mot*. 
Oft  (u  Fun«  tell*)  the  «krth  in  aound*  of  woe 
k  hnnl  to  groan  ftom  hollow  deptba  btlawi 
Tlie  baWAU  yvw,  thoogh  ikad,  baa  oft  btca  Mn 
To  riM  l>oni  ratth,  nnd  apriag  with  doakf  grcni 
With  *parkUnK  llantca  the  tree*  onbuntiog  sbisr, 
AdcI  round  llicir  IkiIm  prodigioiM  *crpctit>  twine. 
The  piou*  wonbippcn  approach  iMit  near. 
But  »huD  tbcir  bo<U,  and  knerl  with  distoot  few : 
The  prieat  himiiir.  when,  or  the  dny  or  uight 
Bulling  have  rtached  their  full  larridiao  hcighl. 
RelVaiat  the  gloomr  p«th»  with  wnry  fort. 
Dreading  the  decoon  of  the  grove  to  nect; 
Who,  tDrrible  to  Ufht,  at  that  liird  boor. 
Still  treaiU  thn  round  about  bin  dreary  howvr. 
Thi«  wood,  near  neighboariog  to  tlie  cacampmma 
UntODChed  bf  former  n&i>,  remained  alooe; 
And  Mnc*  the  country  round  it  naked  ataocb. 
From  hence  the  Latian  cblof  Bupplica  demand 


itOTU.  183 

Bat,  lo  [  the  bolder  hands,  that  thoold  have  atrack 
With  aonie  aaaaual  horror,  trembting  shook ; 
With  silent  dread  and  revereoce,  the;  surveyed 
The  gloom  majesbc  of  the  sacred  shade. 
None  darea  with  impious  steel  the  bark  to  rend. 
Lest  on  himself  the  destined  stroke  deacendl 
Cxaar  perceived  the  sjireaditig  fear  to  grow. 
Then,  eager,  caaght  an  axe,  and  aimed  a  blow. 
Deep  sonk  within  a  violated  oak 
Hie  wounding  edge ;  and  thns  the  warrior  spoke, — 
'Now  let  no  donbting  hand  the  task  decline. 
Cot  fOQ  the  wood,  and  let  the  gnilt  be  mine.' 

ROWS. 


(D). — PAoa  69. 


DaAtTOn  AND  WaBHDBTON. 

Drajrton'a  translation  of  Pliny's  description,  0ib.  |6, 
c.  44),  of  the  Gathering  of  the  Mistletoe,  ought  to  have 
protected  him  from  Warburton's  arrogant  criticiam, 
who  thai  alludes  to  him : — "  Selden  did  not  disdain  to 
commend  a  eery  ordinary  poel,  one  Michael  Drajrton." 
CPreface  to  Warburton's  edition  of  Shakspcare).  I  am 
aftaid  WarbartoD  never  read  Drayton's  Preface  to  the 
continuation  of  his  Potjrolbion ;  or  be  would  hardly  have 
ventured  to  assume  the  part  of  Zoilua.  Let  me  heartily 
recommend  the  perusal  of  this  preface  to  my  Teaders  : 
more  particularly  to  all  disappointed  authors.  It  is  one 
of  the  moat  amusing  prefaces  in  the  English  language. 


TUB     ADDia     STOHB. 

Pliny  describes  this  farooos  talisman  as  a  congeries  of 
■m^  snakes,  rolled  together  and  incrusted  with  a  shell 


3S1 


NOTM. 


fonacd  bf  the  Mliva,  or  viacou*  gum.  cxudiog  frotn  Ibr 
mother  reptile,  b]r  which  it  n  tOMCd  Into  the  air  wUi 
a.  violtQt  hiwtng.* 

Mason  bai  ihui  ]>actiKcd  tbc  diacription  : 
Thr  potent  nddcr  (tone 
1*  gendcr'd  'fotr  the  notumool  tnoon  : 
When  in  uQilulaun;  twinv, 
'rbe  fiMunioi:  noakra  piolilVc  Join  i 
Wlwn  they  bits,  and  wbcn  tbrf  btat 
Heir  wondroua  t^f  nSxin  in  air ; 
Hivnci?,  Malt  tu  t«rih  it  fall, 
Hie  Druid  in  hi«  balbwfd  p«ll, 
Rr-Ccivci  ihtr  priic. 
Anil  inttnnt  tlio, 
Follow'd  by  tbc  cvcnom'd  brjod. 
Till  be  croM  tlio  cry»t«l  flood. 

The  Adder  Stone  a  (hut  alluded  to.  in  a  poen,  ij 
the  old  RritUh  biud.  Acwwriii : — "  Lively  was  ibt  as- 
pect of  him,  nho,  in  hi*  prnwcsi,  bod  enalchrd  over  tbc 
ford  that  innilved  boll  which  caste  its  rays  to  ■  dbtaact, 
the  aplendid  product  of  tbc  adder,  *hoi  forth  by 
wrpcDte." 

Till-  gcnuiiieiiess  uf  this  tMtisman,  Ilioy  inforau  in. 
wft»  Irsled  by  ita  iwiioming  0|tain»t  tbc  stream  Mt  i* 
gold  i  and  it  ii  certain  that  the  Rvmana  attributed  i 
moftical  power  lu  it,  for  Claudiu*  Cnear  or 
Romoa  knight  to  bv  put  to  dcBth,  bocaiuc  be  bttMighl 
out  into  Court  in  hit  boaom.  Wf  might  have  duubleJ 
the  exialence  of  the  reul  egg  ur  etuiie,  had  not  Fliay 
cipreMly  miU  that  be  liiul  Mrs  <me,  and  minutely  dt- 
ecritied  it  i  but  aii  iiiiititliuii  u(  it  «n«  in  frequent  ate 
which  WM  iiiiule  uf  upeiiuv  (iIbm,  Mrtaked  with  dilfrreal 
colour*,  like  that  glaia  autulet  called  the  Saake  Stoac. 
■  Nu.  f  lui.  Lib.  uli.  cap.  a. 


Korea. 


•till  woni  by  U»  pnmataj  of  Cafii«r4ll,  uid  dtaoinl  lo 
powm  rare  Tinne. 


D  n  n  I  D  I  c  MVATViiiB. 
Sm  in  Davii'i  Mrtliiing;  nf  ibe  Briliih  Draldt,  an 
elaborate  diuerUiion  on  the  initiation  into  tbr  mjitciira 
of  DniMiMD,  ftiM  whicb  it  ivajr  be  inrened,  that  it  wan 
aiemary  tor  an  aipirant  to  the  lewer  ny*lcries,  to  >letp 
Ibr  «  certain  Dumber  of  ntgbts  in  ■  atoiM  cheat,  or  cron- 
ladii  W  tjrpie&l  of  tbe  gra<rc,  antl  for  one  vbo  aspired  to 
llMkiKiwIedK*  oft))*  |;rps(«r  tii}»t(fie*i  to  \k  cuduMd. 
like  tbt  Egyptian  Chiiis,  in  a  aacittd  rli«»i  or  uk,  and 
AoUtd  on  a  lake,  ■fiubolical,  mi  it  i*  aappcwnl,  of  the 
deJige.  Par  a  coadeniim]  acconat  of  tti««*  myateriea, 
Mad  tbeir  oiijptt,  toe  the  Eauy  appended  to  lUa  l^le. 


m 


(G)l— paac  8S. 


naa ■ D I « 


ANT(«t)iTi*a. 

the  princip*!  frktum  of  ibc  nccnory  dticribcd  in  llii* 
cbaptcr  bave  bcrn  icferfnl  lo  l>y  on  old  Greek  writer, 
iwneil  IIccatmB.  I'ort  of  hia  deacription  baa  h«|>(iily 
been  pnsened  by  Uiodoiua  Stculm,  Uiough  the  vritinga 
of  the  old  Abderita  luve  perilled  i  and  from  it  I  have 
tranatata^  the  (otiamia^  biicf  eitrut,  hoping  that  It  will 
bt  pwuoad  by  the  mder  witb  the  aame  pleaturable 
emotioiu  which  it  etcitMl  in  tnyaelf. 

"  Tlcre  it  an  i»Und  in  tbe  oceaa,  oppoiite  Gaul,  not 
IrM  than  Sicily.  This  inland  lie*  in  Ibe  Arctic  regiona, 
oud  H  inbiil)itcd  by  a  people  CAlled  the  llyperborcont, 
fron  tbeir  dwellinu  bejood  tbe  oorili  wind.  The  eotJ  ia 
eiimawly  (cnile,  and  the  cliiutle  tempcmlc,  »o  ihnt  It 


piodun*  two  hirvnU  in  the  year.  LAtona  wm  bora 
llicrc;  and  Apollo  u  tbc  iitiiKipol  di-itjr  wonhippol 
ifacR.  Tlivre  the  prietia  of  AjmIIo  liyimi  the  ii««i««a  of 
tlieir  goda  daily,  utd  Ml«bm«bw  Iwttoare  bom  ■»•- 
duously.  There  i«  a  large  krot*.  aacred  to  Apollo,  in 
th«  I»land,  and  a  icmarkablc  rovod  ICBipIc  Mlontn)  with 
many  offerings.  Than  i»  alto  a  dly  incred  to  tbb  gad, 
wher*  manj  horpFis  dwell,  wbo  oootinaally  play  npM 
thair  liarpi  in  tlie  icmpk,  and  king  bymtia  to  tbcir  p4 
Gitolling  tis  acliun»."— Diud.  Sic.  Biobtwth.  iliM« 
lib.  II.  c.  4*. 

The  exprtHJon,  *'  two  ]iarvr*ta,"  may  allude  to  a 
(ccunil  crop  of  paiturngci  or  may  bo  a  miBlaLe  araini 
from  two  dillcrcnt  kiada  orcotn  being  town  u  two  4^ 
fermi  •(*»"««  ottlw  ycax. 

Tu  tho'r  of  my  tuukra  who  may  bnT«  the  cariouly  t> 
carry  their  iiucallgatior*  fimbci,  with  respect  la  IW 
lUp<'iborcnii>>.  tliu  following  ciUnct  ttom  Reaodt't 
Gfo^iuphyof  Hcrudutus,  p.  199.  will  not  bvunampuUe. 
]  would  mtrrcly  preuiitv  that  Ihi*  writer**  ita^^ty  te 
wonderfully  supplied  his  drfcieDcy  of  philologled 
rruditinn  ;  except,  ladead,  when  he  >«.■»■  to  ha*c  beca 
mlslml  by  an  incorrect  tranalatiuu.  a*  in  ibe  praaMI 
inaiaace,  vrhene  he  endeavours  tu  occounc  for  Bri^a 
being  tPitned  of  equal  citcnt  with  Sicily;  whenafclk 
expttatina  of  Diodorua  ii,  "  not  Ina  than  Sicily,"  f*** 
iXirrm  T>i«  2«iA>rtt),  ••  Tbrrc  is  iraaon  to  ciMiclude.' 
My*  Itconctl,  "  (hat  llie  teini  Hyperboreaiu,  anaji^ 
the  Grrrkm,  had  dilT^rcnt  npplicntioM  in  iliffiiial 
agta,  according  lolbc  proigrcia  of  geogiaphicnl  kiM>wll 
a*  had  Hiulc  at  a  luti-r  time.  Both  meant  the  r«iai 
track  tliey  had  any  kaawledflv  of  i  wu)  of  whicb  ib 
knowledge  wa«  too  limited  to  admit  of  any  cine  nr 
de(ennlD«t«  application .    BritaiD,  according  to  DJodorat, 


font. 


Swu  llie  Hyperborean  cououjr  o(  man  Mtcient  linan  ; 
•imI  »rUf  lli*t,  the  moremnaU  |tart3of  Europ«Uiil  Aaio, 
which  Unr  Omki  ko«w  only  by  repatt."  He  tonliuDFi 
■  *'  Somt  drranuiBncn  of  tfae  (rangolag)  nuntion 
^olat  nidnilljr  to  oar  ula»il  i  etfaara,  to  lli*  (oaatry 
ikMritod  by  UtradMas,  btyimil  S«)'tbia." 

Bwlaw.  (Bm(.  ofCerewKll,  p.  Mo},  itowlnod.  (Mobh, 
(■■  Ttf).  DitIm.  (Ccllk  Rruarclin).  ScbwcigLmnuci, 
<.\Ditat.  10  Diod.  Sic),  kud  the  Kc*.  U.  L.  Itnwlcs,  all 
•ipitc  with  Kcnnpll  in  tfao  apjiljcntion  of  thii  pouaec  to 
Britain. 

It  oaly  mnaiiM  to  correct  a  miitAkc  into  «liich  many 
IwnoM  have  fallen,  ai  to  thv  lime  in  Kliich  HrcatMa*. 
Ih«  anXkbr  of  th«  abDi-c  d(acri|>()oo  Oouriahtd.  "  llKtt- 
laKt,"  My*  th«  Rev.  W.  L.  Ikiolv*.  "  to  nhont  ttiotloriu 
rtfenlbtaccunat  iiftlic  llypcrbufcODfl.  lived  nearly  fl<c 
kuMlRd  ymn  U/om  the  Cli.  Erv."  <tltTiM*  Bnt. 
p.  IIM,  Til*  Icaroed  poet  is,  bow«v«r,  nnlbundiof 
HecaUeiu,  the  nutlior  of  the  Corammlaiia  on  the 
Hyptrtnmiu.  with  (letatxiw,  the  Mitetiani  vhertw, 
EUau/tH.  A.  II.  1),  nprtaftly  dialiBBBiabtd  tbe  tomnt, 
'fewMltt  •**M<Xf mc  nXX'  rASinftr^t-  Sm  abo  Pliny. 

':  H.  Yl.  17. 


(H).-f*o.  99. 
aaiTisu    nana. 


M  M  funcnu  for  hci  dogt,  that  the  Bnmnn 
'port,  Omiu,  ba*  thumlogiMd  ibem  i— 

Quill  frgta  al  MoTlnfini,  <lubki  reRaeotia  panto, 
Vtotri*,  alipie.  )p*M  IftxAt  p«netrare  Briunoit*  I 
O  i|iMiDa  (M  niMGo*,  n  ^uantiim  imprndia  mipra, 
Si  DOB  ad  ipadnn  mnUitiiioaque  dccom 


I'ralina*!     U«  unant  ntulit  JMtnrafinlMuii. 

Ad  niKgDum  c&m  vtiiit  opua,  proincudaiiu*  ii(ta>. 

Ki  vocBt  eiirFmu  jinecep*  (liKtimioiae  ftl*von, 

N«o  taDccgrt^ios  tauiiim  admittn  MoIomh. 
But  on  you  w&lt  scm*«  th«  liHlish  lld«, 
Aik)  Iniul  utii1»ueerM  i>ii  th<  far'iM-r  tide, 
O  whnt  ^rmt  Ritiiiit  will  crilninl;'  rrdoaiid 
yroia  n  free  traliic  in  the  Itritith  booad ! 
Mind  tint  the  badonii  of  their  ktau  or  fiuci 
Tbnt  the  sole  blemish  i>f  ihrir  gracnMu  net. 
WlivTi  ihf  l^old^aiiK'  lurn»bMJ(  upoo  tbtipur,. 
Aud  uti  th«  fiiiif •  wjtit  upiMi  tbr  wv. 
f'ir>t  ill  th«  fight  the  whelps  or  Biltaia  tbior, 
And  snalcb,  tl|iirtiM,  all  tbe  pnln  from  thin*. 
M&DchMtvr  yuAt  partlculartf  dUtingtiubrd  for  in 

or  a  large  tpecies  of  bound  rMcinbliag  tha  Mooil-boo*^ 
WBirTAKrft'a  MaKCiiHTs*- 


(I).— pAom  114. 


aiKOOLAB  supBkariTtoR*. 
Piphilinut  autitcd  ibat  lb«  Britum  octct  ta*t(dU> 
and  wckurn from  OKaar,  Ibal  ibcy  vfrepruhibtUd  Mod 
ben,  har«,  ot  goot*.*  A  auprrttitioua  ftbrtinmiM  IM 
the  llMb  or  tb«tt  aniniala  Ja  a^d  to  csbt.  com  M  <t* 
pnacDtday.  in  North  Devon  and  Cornwall.  "  If  raHt 
a  cnufltrytniui  of  Ihi*  part  of  tha  Lingdom  to  ilinc  vli 
you,"  *ay*  a  contributDt  to  the  SpoitJnK  Ma|acint,  "b 
object*  to  any  kind  uf  gniiie  which  cotae*  to  yaw  aUt 
and  Mfi.  in  bis  |)ruiin<iBl  dialect — '  !'■>  n«<M  n* 
bollon  fowl  r  under  wbidi  term  be  inclodc*  ham  mt 
rabbit*,  a*  we'll  aa  wild  fowL  It  la  in  vain  to  iaqitR 
•  haooe  bia  dublc«  proorada  ;  tot  he  twi  tell  jon  aeaNi 
"  tiOM  dial  bt  dftiTM  it  htm  ki«  falbtr 

•  IK  BtL  <M.  Ub. ». 


KOTKB. 


28« 


'*'htlr*lM  noticM  this  BingulT  superstition  of  bis 

«M«ry(ii,n.— HIST,  ft*  OOEKWAU,  VOL.  I.  p.  39. 


(K).— Pifli  ISO. 


CDIDtBIU*. 


^^''ydcr.  liw  Munc  And  bcyrc,  full  cixragcoui. 
'"".  CTuwncd  WM,  and  kynse  of  excellence, 


a. 


'^  tiibutrs  which  the  KumuDabait  ufui 
'^niei)  iiirn,  and  mtit  gr«at  rtmisiancu 

I'  '*!>  gnat  uoobte  ud  nualjr  violence, 
^o  thia  ilifhl  •lluaidD  to  Guiderius,  in  whuac  chnmcler 
^  fortune*  Shaktpeair  has  inlCKited  us,  I  would  add 
™*  fflloiring,  which  occura  in  a  work  cotiticd,  "  A 
""*«iii|  Dialogue- Ki«e,  bplweeii  Nature,  the  PhcEni«, 
*J"lUw  Turtle  DoM,"  by  R.  Chester,  1601,  cited  by 
^•Wat,  in  a  note  to  Cyinbeline. 

Thii  noble  King  buildcd  fair  Caergueot 
Kow  'cleptd  Winchettter  of  worthy  fame ! 
And  at  Mciunt  E^ladour  he  built  hla  tent, 
TioiX  after  a^*  Shaftuburic  hath  to  name. 


(L).— PAOB  130. 
AKVtKaovM  Ann  ociDnaivs. 
•ncr  ha*  thus  eprtomiicd  this  nnrrntive ; — 

Good  Claadioi  that  atil  una  Kmiieiour, 
An  anny  brought,  aud  with  hiiu  battt-ille  fought, 
1b  ohkb  tb«  King  wan  by  a  Tr«tchetour 
Oiagaiacd.  >ULDe,ere  any  thereof  thou  if  ht : 
Yet  coucd  not  the  bloody  fi;ht  for  ought : 
vou  I.  o 


MS 


JrOtR*. 


Pntimu !    H>c  ana  at  cM«Us  jftciura  Bntaiuiit- 
Ad  na^um  cfiin  vcuit  opua,  pri>iitMi<Ju|n«  Tir«w> 
Kt  vocM  extrrmu  pmcr|i*  dUc'ioBinlM  HAv«r», 
Hon  tunc  cgregius  laiiliim  utmiten  MoIoum, 
But  can  yuu  wufl  acT««t  t)>e  British  lidr, 
And  lanil  auilaiiictt'i)  i>«  thr  TarliCT  lidr, 
O  vhitt  ictr&t  KRinii  will  ortlAioly  RuttMBd 
From  a  Tree  trnflic  id  the  Orilub  bound  I 
Mini)  Dot  tlic  bnilDMa  of  then  forau  or  face ; 
Tliot  tfa<^  ink  blrmith  ofiheiT  genenwi  race. 
Whvii  <lic  l)uld)[auie  luriu  liack  u(k»i  ihtifMr 
And  all  the  furies  wait  apon  tlir  war, 
Finri  in  the  llglit  ili*  wbflt>a  of  Britain  tiiiat, 
Aud  MiAich,  K|iiriu»,  all  the  palm  frou  tbiaf. 
MauchrUtfr  «n«  panieuUrly  JiitinguitliMl  fof  Itabitn 
of  a  largi"  spcriM  of  hound  rMi-mbling  th«  bUml'haH'' 
wuiTTAKKa'a  MAjfCMUna- 


(t)-— pass  114. 


■  iHavLaa  aupiaariTtoni. 
illphiliuui  aM«il«d  that  ibr  Britoma  aefrrtMUi  tiii: 
and  wv  learn  fiom  C«*ar,  that  ib«y  were  prolubitcdMMt 
hen,  hart,  o(  gooM.*  A  auiwrMltioua  ftbrtiatote  Am 
the  fleab  of  ihtta  uimals  ia  Mid  to  exbt,  even  il  At 
|irv«ccil day,  in  North  Devon  and  Commll.  "UjiMtt 
a  counlTf  man  of  thii  part  of  tba  klngdMn  tQ  Am  *)A 
fOU,"  myt  a  cnntiibutor  to  the  S|<orting  hlagaiiot,  "hi 
objecls  to  a.ay  kioil  of  gaiuc  which  cotn««  to  your  tM 
■■d  aa^ai  in  bis  pruviaeiat  dialect — '  I'm  mtm  hd 
botlow  fowl  r  under  which  term  be  include*  ham  vi 
rabbita,  a«  well  m  wild  fowl.  It  ia  in  nin  to  ioftiH 
«  hence  hia  ditlikt  proceed*  j  for  lie  caa  tell  yoa  no  atf* 
"  tbaa  that  bo  dcriToa  it  from  bia  latber  I" 


KOTXS. 


j™'wh*lt«jM  notieca  lhi»  (inpiUr  ■upeniition  ofhU 
^'Twro,— uiiT.  or  caaHWAtx.  vol.  i.  p.  39, 


(K).— r*o>  tao. 

SUIUEIIIIJS. 

Irr.  his  iDODt  and  h«yn:,  Tutl  congraua. 

crowned  wua,  sintj  kyoge  of  cxcclleDce. 

^  '^  triliulm  which  ihv  Roidmis  bad  of  us 


"'(h  great  I  rouble  and  itiaol^  violence. 


HAttOvns, 


K^^ftlflgbt  allusioa  to  Guideriua,  in  whose  chnrnctcr 
P'WOnm  Shak«peftrr  has  intrrentrcl  u»,  I  wnuld  odd 
J*  Ibllowing,  which  cicciiri  in  B  work  CDtitlcd,  "A 
i^ttiiij  Dinloicuf-wiM,  bnwnn  Nfttuio,  the  Phiroix, 
■IthtTnrllc  Dove."  by  R,  ChcHer,  l60l,  cited  by 
'•'Wu,  in  n  note  to  Cymbeline, 

I     Tlii  noble  Kiiix  buildeJ  fair  Carr^eot 
f    Xow  'clejied  Winrhesler  of  worthy  fame : 
Add  at  Mount  Poladnur  be  built  hii  lent. 
That  aftfr  ag«9  Sbaftcsburic  both  to  name. 


(L).— p*o«  120. 
aariitaoDs  Ann  eviDaaiVt. 
'  has  thus  eplloroiied  thin  narrative! — 

,  Claudius  tliut  next  <^H4  Em]>erour, 
i^  anny  bruught,  and  niih  fajm  balteillc  fought, 
[b  whkb  the  King  was  by  a  Treachriour 
|)ja|niM>l<  *iaiue,  en  any  Iheivof  ibouftht : 
|r«t  emed  not  the  bloody  Q^hi  Tor  ought  ; 

tl>l~  I.  o 


MB 


MOIH*. 


PratiniM  I    Mkc  uuft  rut  uiulU  jactor*  Briuuii. 
Ad  UBcnutn  cbiB  venit  opus,  protncDilaqMe  vHm, 
tx  vocM  ettrcna  pnrcep*  diictinuctiiie  Maroo, 
Nod  tunc  cjtrcgio*  IkstAn  uliiunn  Holmao*. 
But  con  you  wnft  ncnns  the  Brilali  tide. 
And  land  uadangct'd  on  th«  futber  mU, 
O  what  ;r«at  saina  will  »rUualy  ndaiuiil 
From  B  tnr  trslTic  in  tbi  Briti>k  bounii ! 
Mind  tiiit  llic  badnew  of  llicir  forn*  ot  hM| 
ThM  thr  »i>l«  blffmHhof  Ibtir  gnarow  ract^ 
When  ihc  bold  gunetunw  bad:  upon  tbetpcar. 
And  all  tfa«  furies  wtlt  upnti  thr  war. 
First  in  tlic  fight  tbe  «ibcl|«  oT  Britain  thine. 
And  »oatdi.  Rpiriaa.  all  tbc  pain  front  tliinr. 
MaacbnttT  wo*  particulMriy  dlilinittilibcd  for  ill 
of  a  Urge  iprdc*  »f  hound  mrmblinx  iho  btood-tow^ 
wniTTAKna'a  it«:ietia»T*i> 


(I).— r*aa  114. 


•  iNflVLAn  lur  an  *T  I  r  loita 
Bipbiliou*  aucrtcd  that  the  Oriton*  ncwr  taMdUi 
aiid  w«  I*&Tn  (torn  Ctuar,  that  (hey  «cre  prohlMud  Ma* 
hen,  hare,  or  euou.*  A  •apentitiou*  abatUMOc*  ft« 
tb«  fleah  or  these  aoimali  i*  naid  to  tiist,  «T*a  U  tti 
pMMDt  day.  in  Nonli  De*Mi  and  Cornwall.  "Ujtmtd 
a  couniryiiuiD  of  ihlt  |>art  of  the  kiotdom  to  dinr  «iU 
yoa,"  uys  a  cooliibutor  to  the  Sporii^  Mapoine,  "W 
Objects  to  nay  kind  of  lani  which  ooaea  to  foot  aU' 
and  Mys,  in  hi>  provbeial  dialect — '  I'm  nin)  (•■ 
hollow  fowl  r  under  whieb  term  be  Indudca  Ii«w  ■a' 
rabbili.  u  well  a»  wild  Cowl.  It  ie  ip  rain  to  lOfiii' 
wbence  hi*  dialike  proceed*  i  for  be  con  tell  yon  M. 
'•  Ihan  that  Iw  dcriiea  it  from  lui  bihci !" 


'^'"rhehaUo  notices  tkia  iiogulu  tuperttitiaaoriiii 
""*''yinco.— Miw.  or  coR!*wALi,  vou  i.  p.  39. 


Karm$. 


3S0 


(E).— i>«oB  130. 


aciDiKiv*. 

_^y<3*T,  kit  Miui*  Rwl  hofn,  All)  corigroas, 
^**  ciowwd  «M,  snd  kjrnga  of  en'cllenco,        • 
~^  triboli*  wbkii  ibc  (UimaiM  bad  ofiu 
~^i*^  tbtn,  ud  nwde  great  rcMitnncc 
'^i>  gmtuoitble  uid  manly  violence. 

imaovKO. 

L*^  tiiit  (Kght  allunion  tn  Ouidnius,  in  whuie  cbancM 

P*  "MtUDCS   ShafcspcBTc  hu  intefntcd  us,  I  would  add 

~*  folloning,  which  occum  in  a  work  totitled,  "  A 
*'*«tio^'  Dtalogac-wiM.  bctwren  Naturf,  the   I'bnnii, 
l^tfct-nmlc  Do«."   bv  R.   Chwlcr,    l60l.  cil*d   hy 
in  a  note  lo  Cymbcline. 
tlii*  noble  King  buildcd  fair  Cacrgucnc 
Xow  'dcpcd  Winchatcr  of  worthy  fame : 
And  at  Moant  lUadour  he  btiilt  his  tmt, 
TLat  aftrr  a^a  ShoAnburiv  bath  to  name. 


<L).— PAOB  130. 
aBria*avs  and  ociDBaiu*. 
■  Inta  thua  vpitomiicd  thi*  Dorrativt : — 

1  ClaodiiM  tbat  next  vu  Bmpcrour, 
I  artny  brought,  and  with  him  bnttciUc  fought. 
In  which  the  King  wn>  by  a  Trcachetour 
Di^niaad.  sUine,  crc  any  thereof  thought : 
m  ceased  not  tbe  bloody  li^ht  foi  ought ) 
I.  a 


M 


Protintu !    Um:  una  «t  utulb  jachin  Btiuiuil. 

All  inaKuum  ctuu  veoit  i>pu*,  pn)m«adiH|«*  *irl«i. 

El  vocat  Mlrtmu  pnecep*  di»ciintinin«  Maian, 

Noo  tuDccgrrgioi  (anttini  adnirara  MoIomw. 
fioi  c«tt  you  traft  acrOM  iSe  BriH^  lUr. 
Adi)  Und  uiiilnnevrM  nn  the  Iknlier  tldtt 
O  wbnt  g!cal  furnt  willccitaialy  rfdouDd 
From  n  (rre  trofiic  in  the  iltitiiib  liauiiil ! 
MiDdoiit  tbc  badaca  uf  tb«ir  fotia*  at  beet 
Thnl  (he  sole  bkmMb  of  tlieir  gfncraua  race. 
When  ihi>  bold  f;anie  luros  hack  ufion  the  »p«Wi 
And  nil  the  fitrir*  wait  upon  ihr  wax, 
Fint  in  thr  fljht  itio  whelp*  of  Briuia  aUor, 
And  mulch,  Epirion,  all  tb«  palm  from  lliinr. 
MaDche»Ur  wa«  paxticuluH^iliiillngniahMl  tot  'M  ItPt* 

of  ■  large  apeciet  of  hound  rMembliog  ili«  blood-hMW 
wiiirTjLKKa'«  MaNCBikfM- 


(I).— rA«B  114. 

(IKSULAB      aUFBKItlTIOn*, 

IliphiJiuiu  autitcd  thai  the  Brituai  actrrtaaUdUl 
and  we  tenrnfroin  Ctnu,  that  thi-)' wtrrpnibibitadlBrt 
brn,  hate,  or  comb.*  A  sopmtiUoua  ahttinciKC  Am 
(he  fleah  of  tb«M  aaimala  ia  aaid  to  eiU(,  ereo  al  ^ 
prawntday,  in  North  Devon  and  Cornwall.  "IfToalri 
a  eouo(ri-inaQ  of  Ihi*  pntt  of  the  hia^dooi  to  dim  aili 
you,"  >af(  D  cc>ntti!iittor  to  tbc  S]K>rtinR  Mfgnrinf,  "kt 
otijeclB  tu  nojr  kind  ufgnmi-  wlucb  coinea  lo  jvm  uUl 
and  •ays,  in  his  provincial  dialect-~'  I'ae  neoM  cM 
hoUaw  TokI  T  under  ohicb  lera  be  iocladea  ham  iM 
raltbiU.  oa  mil  na  wild  fowl,  h  la  in  vain  to  ia^/W 
ohrnre  hi>  dinlikc  prucccda  ;  for  be  can  (eU  you  m 
"  Llian  tbU  be  dciiica  il  from  hit  Ctlbn :" 


3S9 


''•helcilM  notices  thb  singuttLr  Eupentition  urtiia 
""^'^'ynieo.-.BitT.  or  coukwill,  "tol,  i.  p.  39, 


U 


(K).— p*om  IJO. 


ODIDtaiO*. 

~''yt)«t,  huMHiDc  And  heftr,  full  corneous, 
lIJ^'  etowncd  ww,  and  kyngc  of  cxcrcllcnce,         - 
lloi!  triliutca  »hicli  ihc  Komans  bad  ofun 
4ed  tfapD,  and  made  gr«at  r«*i»t:uiM 
''U)  gmtuonblc  and  nunty  violvnn. 

IMBDVK*. 

bl  altonon  to  GnideriaH,  in  wIium  charactcT 
SlukspcAne  h(u  intetvetnl  lu,  I  would  add 
'bllouing,  whidi  otxan  in  a  work  tailtlcd.  •'  A 
"^ttinj  Uialuguv-wiiH!.  bctirna   Nature,  the    Phicnii, 
J^UwT^irll*   Diw."  by  R.   ChsMCr.   lOOI,  cittd   by 
'*tn(,  in  ■  note  to  Cymlxlla^. 
Tfait  noble  Kins  bulldcd  fait  Cacrguent 
Kow  'ckpcd  WiocliMtcr  of  worthy  fMo» : 
And  pt  Mount  lUadour  lie  liullt  hit  t*nt, 
Tbu  after  a^  ShaActburle  hath  to  name. 


(L).— »«B  ISO. 
AaviBAQi]*  A>i>  orioaniva. 
r  baa  ihu*  cpitomiipd  this  narrative:— 

Claadiu«  that  next  va*  Empnuur, 
amy  braut(ht,  and  with  liim  baltcillv  fought, 
which  the  King  was  by  a  Tnui-'hftuur 
iR)[titt«d,  ilaioc,  crc  any  thereof  thought : 
ret  otsacd  not  the  bloody  Gi[lit  for  ought  i 

o 


3SS 


noil*. 


Pratiniu  !  il«c  OM  Ml  ntulb  JBrtura  Diihuui*. 
Ad  mognuni  dun  <«nlt  of>u».  |woa*»(Iiiqu«  vinm, 
Kt  Tocat  extmno  pmcrpt  iliKfiminina  Mftvotm, 

Bat  can  you  waft  arroa*  tb*  Hrit-ish  lidr. 
And  lanil  uDit«ni;«^<l«<)  tKr  futlier  aiile. 
O  whdt  Krcnt  nain*  will  eermiuty  rrduand 
Ptmb  ■  frc<  tralfic  in  ibe  nritiab  bound  I 
Mind  not  Ibe  badnna  uf  ibeir  fwrnM  or  &« ; 
Thftt  the  Mk  Ueinith  o^ their  generova  lurt. 
When  iheboldguiwtnnM  bark  upon  tl>csjiw. 
Alid  all  the  fu[i«*  wail  upon  thr  war, 
Firat  In  til*  fight  the  «bcl|)*  oT  Uritain  abior. 
And  Boaltb,  Rpihu*,  all  the  palm  from  tliine. 
ManchcMcr  was  partkalarly  dtriingtiisbrd  Tot  ib  irmt 
of  a  large  tpedca  of  bound  numbling  the  blood-b«md 


(I),— MOB  Il-I. 
■  IK«ULAB  aupaBtTiTtciMi 
BipbilbiM  Mvcrtcd  dat  ibc  Biiton*  n«irvr  i«atadMt 
and  we  Ittta  from  CKtar,  tba>  Ibof  wcrr  pruhibrtarf  Mi« 
ben,  ban.  or  gooM.*  A  tgptntliiouB  abMiA«an  Urn* 
Ibe  fltab  of  ibtM  asimal*  u  lald  lo  uUt,  cvni  ai  ik 
pitautda^,  in  Noitb  nvron  and  CothwbII.  '•  If  y^^  ^ 
•  couiitTj'nuui  of  thii  jin/t  of  the  kiagdoru  la  tliac  <Mt 
jtau,"  tny*  a  conlribator  to  tbe  Sporting  Maculae.  **  k  j 
abjocta  to  any  kind  uf  sane  nbkli  conn  lo  yovt  taUiJ 
and  Myv,  In  bla  imivincial  dialrct— '  l'a«  netn 
liollow  fowl !'  under  which  Urm  be  iodudea  bam  ttii 
rabbit*,  as  well  ai  wild  (oirl.  It  i»  in  vaia  to 
vhenoe  lit*  diilikr  proccvJt ;  for  be  na  tcU  jtni  so  i 
"ibta  tLklbedcriicsit  frani  bi>  father  I" 

'  IV IM.  GU.  Uk  t. 


Sam.  289 

Polwbele  alto  notices  this  Biagnlar  aapentition  of  his 
oouDtrymen. — bkt.  or  cokrwall,  tol.  i.  p.  39. 


(K).— Fie»  120. 

SUIDVBIDB. 

Gayder,  hissonne  aadbeyrt,  full  coragEoui, 
Tbat  crowned  wm,  and  kyage  of  excellence, 
Tbe  tributes  which  the  Romans  hul  of  us 
Denied  then,  uid  made  great  resistance 
Whh  great  troable  and  manly  violence. 

HAMpyNO. 

To  flii*  alif  ht  alluaioD  to  GuidcriDS,  in  whose  character 
■ad  fbrtBDCs  Shakapeare  has  interested  us,  1  would  add 
tbc  fidhnring,  which  occura  io  a  worL  entitled,  "  A 
Hectiog  Dialogne-wiM,  between  Nature,  the   FfaiBDii, 

■adtheTortie  Dotb,"  by  R.  Chester,   1601,  cited  by 

Sttrma,  in  a  note  to  Cymbeline. 

His  noble  King  builded  fair  Caergneut 
Now  'cleped  Wiocheater  of  worthy  fame : 
And  at  Mount  Paladour  he  built  his  tent, 
Tbat  after  ages  Sbaftesbarie  hath  to  name. 


(L).— PASB  120. 
ABVtttASDa  AND  ouimRius. 
Spenser  haa  thai  epitomized  this  narrative : — 

Good  Claodias  that  next  was  Emperonr, 
Ad  army  brought,  and  with  him  b&ttellle  fought, 
In  which  the  King  was  by  a  Treachetoar 
IXagniscd,  slaiue,  ere  any  thereof  thooght : 
Yet  ceased  not  the  bloody  fight  for  ooght ; 
vou  I.  o 


290  Minju. 

For  Arvtrage  Iiis  brother's  place  aupplyde. 
Both  in  bis  arme  and  crowoe,  and  by  that  drangfat* 
Did  drive  the  Romans  to  the  weaker  ayde. 
That  thef  to  peace  agreed,  aod  all  was  padrfde. 

FAIKY  QuaiN. 
It  must  be  confesacd  that  if  Spenner  had  aever  wiitM 
any  better  poetry  than  this,  he  might  have  been  very  wtU 
satistied  with  a  seat  on  the  same  farm  as  Haidynge. 


CM).— PAoa  138. 
BRITISH    WAK-CBAKIOT. 


Ossian  has  given  the  foUo^ng  sablime  descriptiao  d 
the  equipage  of  one  of  his  heroes.  "The  lapid  carbrt 
behind  like  a  wave  near  a  rock.  Its  sides  ore  emboMst 
with  stones,  and  .sparkle  like  the  sea  round  the  boat  ^ 
night.  Of  polished  hew  is  its  beam ;  its  aest  of  tht 
smoothest  bone.  The  sides  are  replenished  with  speait: 
the  bottom  is  tbc  footstool  of  heroes.  A  thousand  thonji 
bind  the  car  on  high.  Hard  polished  bits  abine  ini 
wreath  of  foam.  Tliio  thongs,  bright  atadded  wilb 
gems,  bend  on  the  stately  necks  of  the  steeds — the  sieeib 
that  iike  wreaths  of  mist  flyover  the  etieamy  votei: 
Tile  wildness  of  deer  is  in  their  course  j  the  strength  of 
eagles  descending  on  their  picy.  Their  noise  is  like  tb* 
blast  of  winter  on  the  sides  of  the  snow-headed  Goraal" 

Sublime,  however,  as  is  this  description,  it  does  ml 
convey  so  coircct  a  notion  of  the  formidable  opeialiM 
ofthe  scythed  chariot  of  the  ancient  Britons,  as  a  penoL 
may  derive  from  observing  a  countrywoman,  with  » 
cloiied  umbrella,  making  her  way  throngh  a  crowded 
village  fair. 

•  Dilute,  counlcrreli. 


an 


ex  •  AS*     »-W  I  S.  Jk 


The  tn£tia«  '■■■■■—'*»■'  'va  3is  imc  Saaeva  x 

■U    BHlilL  UtfifHQH.  M>  IIB.  tJDB  'IC^T  BBX  fULSCT 

yniliTmitH    W     hi^HKi.  '— ™    lie      luc     CkrsoJSaeL 

"  Till  nil"—,  tke  Imkmi   if  rii  iiai ii     li  vi:^ 

Ckmt  hand  to  ha^  ^  iis  r>-»<  ±^h  i.z,  bK  v±^ 
it  •  hiet  a  dr  frt*  -mSjes.  cdK  ioi  ks  ^^  vatia 
fftccB  by*  iAk."    n^  fac  ^«T<Tt,  ■  Bot  ipoixa  «f 

tltt*plb(t  "  RcdDo^:"  ud  wtetancnBlit•can- 
l  pbcc  is  i^cir  ****^ 

AoB  *n*^**   to   it  IB  his  drKriptiaA  of  Ur 
batOmbttmvaCMiariadCmaBhdm— 
So  by  luM  CcMf  cot  the  Tictorr, 
Thrao^  pttX  blooditaBd,  mad  Maiir  a  nd  aHT, 
la  iriudi  himielf  wma  diai^  heaTiIy 
Ofhacdr  NmniDS,  irbarin  he  yet  did  lUy, 
Bm  iMt  hk  swotd,  yet  to  be  hcd  thii  day. 

FAEKT  flDSITIa. 

nan  bt  tbb  u>itor. 

I  would  we  coold  find  it,  and  depoait  it  among  the 
IrcaMuea  of  my  learned  hrethreD,  the  Society  of  Aoti- 
qoariea  ;  Kobcit,  of  Gloocester,  however,  states  that 
it  was  baried  with  NeoDioi,  which  ia  utterly  (Um,  or 
how  could  it  haTe  been  wen  by  our  hero ! 
At  the  north  gate  of  LAndao,  heo  (tbey)  buryede   tiiie 

gode  knyght. 
And  botyede  with  hym   in  hyi  chest  that  swerd  that 

waabrygt. 

It  > 


ata 


KOtl 


Tliat  111-  w&u  of  Uid  liiDperuiir  *ritfa  haiUKtr  yxtow, 
Thitt  rcdf  Deth  was  yclejiUd.  warwyth  be  hjrm  daw. 
Yburird  it  wii  fonh  vriih  hint,  a*  in  tokenyn^ 
Of  ]-i  piovci,  that  be  it  woa  of  oo  ao  hey  a  Itytige. 


(O).— »0B  153. 

TUB  PBKAL  CODS  09  THK   BRITOXS. 

Til*  thiM  Drat  dfcuDMUDtiaJt  of  mnrdcr,  la  putk^ 
tar,  were  i«  point  out  lo  the  mnidercr  th«  proper  fiia 
far  (he  crime,  tu  odTisc  him  about  the  «a«cuUon.  or  cn 
cncoDnigi!  him  to  the  fact  i  and  each  requiml.  upon  a 
denial  of  the  char^.  a  cuinpiugatloo  of  ooe  hintiM 
men,  and  ua«  fotlowed  with  a  flu  of  one  faundnd  ad 
eighty  pence,  upon  confe*do&.  He  three  a««  wtn 
to  point  out  the  puwo  iotctKled  to  .be  munknd, 
to  aceoinpany  the  murdercil  a  little  on  the  roMtl,  otU 
attend  him  to  the  very  aceue  of  villainy  i  aodif  eadtacm- 
■ation  na*  not  rcfjellcii  by  the  oaths  of  two  haiulr«il  aKS, 
each  crime  wu  punished  with  the  mulct  of  three  )iiU>drH 
und  uity  pence,  Anil  the  other  thieo  were  actually 
tu  asii»t  the  tuurderer,  detjiiu  the  unba]>py  bmd  till  b 
oju  up>  or  stand  by  and  behold  the  coanniaatoit  of  th 
crime— and  were  eftch  to  be  amwcicd  by  three  hnndrrf 
mcD,  or  a  mulct  of  five  hundred  and  forty  pence* 


(i*).— paoB  154. 

AKCIBHT   LBOUUTOat   Of    BaiTAIN. 

The  moat  celcbrsted  ].egl»laiorB,  among  th*  andcd 
Briton*,  of  whom  any  memorial  haa  tcacbed    tu,  wan 


■VniMka.k  l,e.S.«,  4. 


m 


Omiwallo  Mulmutiu*.  vid  Queen  Moitii.    Shftlupaan 
made  the  followiog  BUution  to  the  rormcr,  for  the 
I  MbatUKe  of  wluch  he  ti  indebted  to  HuliMhed. 


that  Mnlmittia*,  irfiicfc 

Malmutitw  made  our  bun 
Who  WM  the  first  of  BrilAia,  which  did  put 
Hia  brawi  within  a  golden  crown,  nod  call'd 
HimMiraKiiigt 

CTMIIIUtCB,   ACT   111.   iC.  U 

Mbi  lam.  it  appears,  wmc  icvea  io  number,  and  to 
Ibt  following  cfl«ct  1— 

laL— Tliat  the  Temple  of  the  Gad*  tboaU  eti^oj  iBch 
prfvittCW  and  immiuiitica,  that  nu  miiI«ra«or  fljrtng  to 
Uwin.  for  Moctunry,  could  be  aeictd.  or  b^  force  drawn 
ioM  lluni,  before  he  had  oblaiaed  pardoo. 

Snd.— Hum  Hit^wwealeadiiietDTcvptM.or  roadaio 
i;reat  citiea,  »)iould  have  the  like  ptltilegea. 

3fd.— Thai  plnoght.  oxen,  aad  other  labouring  oattlc. 
ahonld  enjoy  the  *ame  iininuoiiici  :  and  tlic  rruoo  of 
this  law  n  given,  beciMe  uthciwlM  the  groimd  might  be 
aatilled,  and  the  people  petish  fur  want  of  bnad. 

4th.— He  set  out  the  nainber  of  plou)^*  that  ihould  be 
to  t^mj  Shire  aad  linndred,  with  M:icn:  pviuUtic*  opon 
all  vadt  M  thouM  be  tit*  occaaion  of  Icucning  the 
Bu&bcT. 

Sth.— The  llfth  IS  the  *amc  almost  u  tbc  tbini  i  only 
It  teeuK  a  little  to  reatraia  it,  vix. ;  that  no  oien  or 
labouring  beast  thould  be  aMaed  for  debt,  nnlesa  tlieK 
ytttt  nn  other  goods  or  chattel*  to  make  aatisfiKtkin. 

Ctb.—Heordcml  act  woi|[hu  Mid  ntuwaa  for  buying 
and  RrtliRK. 

7tlL— A  law  a^aiaK  thieeei  and  nbtMra. 

oS 


29t 


Sptusct  hu  Uiu«  btwfly  cpitomiud  tfaoM  Ittw»  i— 

Tbvn  tiiBJ«  he  ucnsl  lawu,  wUcb  •ome  raen  Mf , 

Were  UDto  him  rpvt^&lcd  in  Tt»)un, 

By  which  be  freed  the  'n«TCtlc('a  hi^h  wsf — 

The  Cliurchcs'  part,  cmJ  Ploogbninii'*  portion ; 

Ilcitrtuomg  itcnlth.  Dbd  itrans  citortioD — 

The  ^ntjuiu  Nuiuavf  Great  Britaunjr. 

For  till  hi»  dkjnes,  tho  chialW  dotniniim. 

By  •tr«ngih  wa»wl»ldrd  wiUwut  polic)- — 

Therefore  he  tlrtt  wore  crown  of  p)id  Tor  iligtiitri] 

The  circunutancc  «f  Mulmutiui  boitif  alyltil  Uie  fini 
King  of  Britain  i*  explained  by  lloUtuhed.  who  inte^ 
US  thai  hi»  predeceMurs  wure  called  chieA  ood  rakni 
and  Umm  dij^tar^ea  M&rdyiig«  ototn.  wore  oaty  cOffM 
diadenui 

The  lirat  he  wa«,  a»  chronk)»  ezpnnar. 

That  In  this  Ule  of  Britain  hod  crMra*  i^f  foUr, 

Koi  all  sforc  cofrr  atut  yil'  wm  to  behold. 

The  bwa  of  Mulmutiiu,  Holiathed  irils  ua,  «m 
turned  out  ot  the  British  apMcbc  into  the  Latist,  bf 
Cildaa  Priicui,  and  l«ng  time  after  translated  oui  it 
Latliir  into  Englishe,  by  Alfred  King  of  Eagtaad.  aai 
niinitlcil  in  hift  estatutcs. 

Let  us  now  tuto  to  oor  Lady  Legi»IatrcM,  Qbki 
Martia,  who,  aa  Hardyufpt  taya — 

So  w1b«  in  ber  remiahe 
That  tawM  made  of  her  alnguUritc. 
(Ihut  called  were  the  law« of  Marciaa), 
In  Biitalueloogiwoflwr  owne  wit  alane. 
Martin  is  thus  gaUaatty  alluded  to  bj*  Spouvr, 


.forai. 


W 


MertiA,  the  (*jn, 
wooiBii  worthy  of  immorUll  pmise, 
Vhkli  for  thit  K«alme  found  atuoj  prodly  tana,* 
Lik)  wholcMiue  lUiuin  lo  h«r  hiMbuul  brou^t  i 
l«r  ma&y  ilwm'd  to  h&ve  be«n  of  iIm  Fhyt». 
I  waa  Atgtrw  that  Noma  touglit ; 

Bfctofbcr  bcMcitunkws  bath  ura'd  and thoafbt. 

TAERia  quKXna. 

Hitlon  ha*  the  fotlowing  siDpilar  nferencc  to  Maitia, 
iitcn.  ai  it  would  appoar,  when  imartios  tinder  the 
ofitynocraajr, 

Maitia  ciotlled  ao  much  in  wisdom,  a*  to  vcDtare 
I  a  oew  tnatitutioD  of  lawi.  Which  King  Alfred 
itatlliK.  c&ll'd  Matchco  League,  but  more  truly 
ij  U  mi-ant  the  Mvrcua  Law,  oot  trantlaU)!  by 
Jfr«il.  but  dignttcd  or  iocorporaln)  with  tlic  Wnt 
In  the  miuority  of  her  ton  (he  had  tlie  Rule, 
'«iid  tbra.  an  may  be  supimaed,  bmughi  forth  ihcM-  Lawt ; 
not  berMlf,  fur  Law*  are  Maaculioe  Birlha,  but  by  tha 
advice  of  b«r  tagest  CoanaiUora  i  and  llierttn  the  mifht 
do  rimuMaly.  linc*  It  brfel  htc  to  npply  the  Nonage 
of  hertoa;— Kl«r  mlhias  m«rt  awry  fram  Iht  Laic^ 
md  Sainn,  tkaa  Ihal  a  tccnaa  ikoaU  fit  Uf  to 


(Q).— PADB  170. 

wnira  dolu, 

Sif  Walter  Scott,  in  hn  balUd  of  Cadrow  Cattle,  pub> 
liabtd  ill  Um  MiMtrcby  of  the  Scottiah  Border.  Um* 
allmteato  Ihaae  fotanidableaaunaU  ;— 

•Um. 


sw 


Through  lh«  huse  ocLkof  EmMUk, 

WliDH  limb«  a  ihooMUkd  y«Ars  have  wora. 

What  «ul1tB  rou  comet  dawn  tlic  gRlc. 
And  drawut  the  huata'i  pcatiog  horo? 

Mig;htint  orftll  thr  bmlt  of  (4ia««. 

Th«t  rokin  in  woody  Coledaa, 
Ctwhiag  the  forest  in  hi«  race, 

Th«  Mountain  Bull  coun  thonilenng  on. 

Fierce  on  the  fauntrr'iqnlTtr'dbxid, 

H«  rolh  hit  eyes  uf  •watthy  ||to**. 
Spara*,  irllb  black  liooT  ud  horo,  the  Mad, 

And  toaMS  high  hi*  mofio  of  aoow  I 

Is  the  ootf*  to  ihia  ballad  the  author  haa  qnottd  a 
vtrf  minute  d»criptioa  of  the  wild  ball.  (ailveelTla  beaL 
to  which  1  beg  to  refer  my  reoderi. 


([l^— p*oa339 

taa  KONCMItfT  lO  I^ATU. 

Tile  faithful  Luath  aeetnB  10  hfivc  worried  the  famil; 
of  the  Old  Buck*  ill  bi*  death,  n*  much  aa  be  h^  daw 
the  race  of  Younjt  Bucka  Id  hia  life;  for  grcal  aid 
grievoui  have  been  the  ditpute*  ax  to  the  inlcrprrtaMi 
of  the  inicripticin  found  oa  the  conmenioratiit  Utcr 
placed  ovM  bia  grave. 

The  io>cri|)tian  waa  aimply— P IDELITATL 
(to  Cidelity),  which  tiac  hod  tliat  pnuinglf  oblhnatnl, 
FIDK+LTA++. 

Numbrrlcei  antii)n&riea,  accordiDf  lo  tbeii 
*iew»,  and  the  charactar  of  the  Bfca  io   whidi  llicj  n> 
tpectiveljr  lirnl,  have  propounded  their  diOmnt  opiaiOM 
ta  to  tbe  purport  of  this  intcription.    CHd    Bobctt  af ' 


9(«tlC«. 


«»7 


!i*bur7,  wha  flonrUM.  to  to  tpMlt.  iu  ttw  iluk 
^■(M  1  aod  wu  •  ploat  taiat,  and  a  greU  martpuloKitt, 
nteadcd  that  lliU  tXoae  had  been  plocnl  to  lUMk  the 
tb  of  (he  Dritnb  Mutyn,  Aa/on  uid  Julius ;  and  that 
Bly  rcoordcd  tliat  tbcy  bad  died  F 1  D  E,  (in  the 
or  (P  R  O)  F  1  D  E,  (ror  the  faith).  He  wrote  m 
I  book  to  Rubttantiatc  liU  ofilaioii,  and  to  tBtabliah 
MW  (tiniM  for  a  iiilgnronge.  His  book  lu>|)|ieiiing  to 
[lall  into  tlic  hands  of  Ibt  l^}pc't  Itt^tc  Paadulph,  wh«i 
[be  cane  ovt/  to  «tooianu)Dicatc  King  John,  and  bttng 
[bf  him  «cnt  to  his  master,  Innoornt  III,  th«  author  wai 
bligcd  (o  do  penance,  and  rcficnt  ISO  patcmontcrs, 
tuBc  ht  bod  not  sulficii'iitlr  aludicd  bii  tltcviun',  tu 
Ikiiuw  tliat  llic  said  Aatoit  uud  J  uliiu  had  been  buriviJ 
|ln  Walvt  1  nud  ia  consaqiM-fiM  of  tliit  ovenigbt,  the  book 
»••  publicly  Kcaated  andbunitl 

Notwithstanding  this  dctiiion  of  the  Pope,  when  the 
Icfonnation  bad  proved  that  his  Ilolincis  was  not  in- 
lUUblr,  and  it  brnme  the  fashion  10  adopt  all  that  the 
P)pe  bod  ri.-DuuDCFd,  and  to  ttaouace  all  that  he  had 
ad»|>t(i(t,  the  npiuiun  of  ita  bf  ing  the  banal  place  of  tome 
saint  nai  a^aio  revived.  Another  martyr  wai  sub- 
stituted, and  the  aabaciljition  read  thua  i— 

FIDE  {V)  I  T  A. 
EXCESSIT. 

<He   died    in    the    foithj 

That  it  waa  placed  to  nieaioriiiliw  the  tonb  of  a 
Martyr  wa<  oomtidettd  to  be  Mtalilished  beyond  contro- 
verey  i  when,  oa  di^iiiK  below— a  thing  whidi  old  Riebard 
of  Solbbnry  aod  tut  eontempoiulea  bad  nerer  thought 
of  !-^M  bone*  of  a  iof,  were  found  I  Now  the  tnitn 
lashed  aooM  their  minds  i  the  imcriptluo  wu  *JIB- 
bollcal,  and  ought  to  be  restored  ibiw  i— 


PER  I  IT 

pro 
riDE+ITA. 
(So  be  {Mtiahtd  for  tha  ftith)  i  oi 

He  iKrithcd  for  the  nutb,  fAu.  vie  : — Like  ■  degl 
Strange  to  *nf  thU  did  not  tatitly  «II.  Soeov  GootnW 
tltat  it  woa  nut  Aaraii.  or  Julius,  or  indeed,  aaj  oiha 
Catholic  iniat.  vho  had  thai  ignominiooal)*  |icniM: 
but  »omc  lealuua  Befomer,  who  hod  beeo  mMrtfttdhi 
Spills !  Thi*  charge  was  lenmedlr,  and  would  h* 
beCD,  had  circuTn>tsni:M  allowed,  forcibly  ntMTilii 
by  the  other  paity.  At,  howorer,  errata  uf  mora  »■ 
portance  eo^afceil  the  atteritioo  of  n>«nkii>d,  the  wWi 
affair  wa«  nuff^rtd  to  |>su  i]ui«<l]r  iftto  obtivioo,  «Db]  At 
learned  aolhor  of  NnnU  Btiitaniea,  likppened  to  nad  ll) 
ioMription  throURh  hi*  Itomui  ■pcetaclc»,  tad  ff> 
nouaccd  it,  aI  once,  the  tepulchnil  nioaoni«at  ol  woe 
Roman,  named  F 1  U  E  (S  I  U  S),  protukblf  •  retiir* 
of  the  CenturroD,  whute  epitaph  waa  djacorered  tn  Mu- 
chculer,  tliiu  depictei)  and  dociphcrcd  t — 
O  C  A  N  D  I  D  I)  Dia  Mauibus 

FIDES   XX.        Contunonia  Caiulidi  ndoii. 
I  1 1  I.  AoAOrun)  XK. 

MeoAium  ■  •  * 
Diaruni  llll. 


(S).— PADS  1S4.) 
Till  bard'*  ummjrt. 


There  wn«,  pcfbapt,  leM  of  poetry-  than  propbecy  in  til 
MorfiBn'a  dirge  i  fur  alter  an  interval  of  nearly  cigtea 
ceatutio*  abard  of  our  ownlimea  haa  caugbt  iiwnifibw 


HOT! 


9» 


liis  gnvc  it  liaviai  bippaiod  dd|Hltulf  cfloOKh :  that 
th«R«T.  W.  UBowlMYruovntaken  bja  tbondcfitonn 
in  AtlADptiKC  to  otplocc  lb*  amD*  or  llii*  nry  burow  ; 
wbicb  rircttmrtancc  Iig  ba*  coiniacnoratcd  in  ibi-  follow- 
iog  lay,  tboogb   it  appears  (lut   luitory  ha>  tmo  more 
IHendly  tuirardt  ih«  noble  cliivftain,  tlixii  to  allow  ike 
tWUH  ol  Bnnnuii  to  if  main  for  fVt  OBrctcaltil,  a»  the 
Bodcro  hanl  i»«ma  to  ba*«  tta.mi. 
Tbv  follawing  Hum,  tay*  tbo  Authur,  la  hit  togmkiiu 
ay  on  thv  Brttlkh   Mfroiry.  wore  &nt  publUhcd   in 
Sir  Ricbinl  Hoai*'*  tplrndit)  work  on  Wilubirr  aatiqgi- 
"nicy  wcTf  written  on  opnninK  a  barrow,  in  coco, 
av  with  him.  when  a  tkunilcT  ilorm  bunt  over  our 
bMil*.  jcut  R>  wc  dbcoTcrcd  the  intcnnMit  cf  tbe  ntigbty 
tbief,  uiuliiturbcd.   posaibly,  for  tbrae  tbouMnd  yrmn. 
li*  arrow  beads  were  of  diat,  and  with  tb«  flint  urow 
|w>a  Ibund  u  Oai-K  worked  Urge  koife  of  bra**. 
"  Letiue — let  lue  »lecp  ogBtnl'* 
Tbua,  netheught  in  feeble  stnio, 
Plaln'd,  rron  lU  dbtiubcd  bid. 
The  tpiril  of  lb*  niiRhty  dead  : 
"  O'ev  lay  mouldrr'd  aabe*  cold 
Many  a  Cfoiuty  ilow  batb  roli'd, 
Mley  >  race  hath  diMiipcared. 
Since  my  giant  form  I  rcar'd. 
Since  tny  fliotrd  arrow  Qcw,  ft 

Since  my  liBltlc-born  1  blew  | 
Since  my  braecn  dagger'*  pnde 
GlilUr*d  oa  my  warlike  «jdc, 
Wbieb,  tnui»povt«d  o'er  the  wave, 
King*  of  diaiaat  ocean  gave. 
Ne'e?  haib  gland  the  tjt  of  day 
My  dcfttb-bed  awrct*  to  Iwtray, 
Since,  with  mutterivl  Gallic  rbjme. 
Tbf  wbito-hair'd  Dnild  bard  Mblimc, 


»0 


MOTCS. 


'Mid  Ibeslillncnofthe  night. 
Wak'd  th*  «ad  and  solmin  rite. — 
Tho  RtAofdMlh,  nbcn,  where  1  tlMp, 
Row  th«  BBOnumcnlal  h«>|i. 

roiling  npfti  IhrhnllowM  ground. 

Tlic  HoRinn  f;uc<)upnn  ihr  moond. 

And  murmat'il,  with  *  urcrct  niKh. 

'  'lliKrv  in  the  dutt  llie  mifthtjr  tic  !* 

Cv'n  wbllr  hltticfttt  wlib  conqont  glow'd, 

Whilr  the  high-rmi»cd  flinlf  road 

Echnol  to  the  pnuicin^  hoof, 

Aod  golden  mglci  flnm'd  nlaof. 

And  flasbiog  tn  the  Dilcnt  light. 

HU  banno'd  Icgloni  ^liiter'd  bright ; — 

The  vleturuftbe  worlil  confest'd 

A  dnrk&we  tbiveriag  at  bis  brcnjt, 

Sball  the  BOM  of  dbtut  <l*ya, 

UnpuBishtil.  00  my  relk*  fux  1 

Hark  t  Hetus  ruftliet  from  oo  high. 

Loud  w&r  auusd*  hnrtk  (d  the  iky  | 

'Mid  dukncH  *ail  deKMidiiix  rain. 

lluk  !  hollow  thunder*  rock  omaiB 

See  I  Taianuii  de?(ei:d(  tosAVc 

lib  hero's  violated  gnt«, 

And  ehokci.  beoMtth  the  lightninj'a  glw« 

The  mlpbur  frora  bis  bla£ing  bur  I 

While  stem  Teutaita  ilaikly  •hrond*. 

Od  till-  lone  luck,  bit  head  iii  cluud*. 

Hence  I  yet,  thou^  my  grave  jc  vpoil, 

DaiV  ubllvion  mock*  your  toal  i 

Deep  thir  cluudH  of  Kjt^  roll— 

Hitlotv  diopi  her  mould'tins  KroU— 

And  Qcvfi  fchtdl  rereol  the  name 

or  him  who  (coniB  her  ti»niio»t  EuBc** 


XMU. 


»1 


(D.— PA«a  343. 


The  lUnoan  road  davUtn  tmm  ita  ri|^t   liiw,  u  in 

tnapsctto  IhcdtMl,  u^tbe  R«t.  Author  i  to  whick  I 
■dd.  thia  itttimoof  of  mpMt  wum  given  U  tL«  toliclta- 
tioB  of  Pibkoa. 

Tbs  barrow  !■  ntuMed  near  Woodycaf*  Ins,  is  Oor- 
MtBhirs,  cloM  to  tha  Roman  imU.  uul  io  the  imnedlaic 
Ttciaity  o(  ib»  vaM  wogdy  tract  o(  Craobovrn  Chuc. 

H      Every  OM  know*  with  whu   Mptrtiition  tb«  Ra(«n 

Hb  wpinfcd   in  mom    pvta  of   Eogbod.  crta  at   the 

H'pnMbl  tinw.     Ttw  Mlluir  well  rvmcoibcfi  hating  drawn 

V  Opon  hinueU'  a  dire  iuprrcation  from  no  iild  womvi,  for 

baiwg,  with  boTMi  lo*«    of  mischior,  or,  n»  tiic  old 

woman  tbouglH,  with  pfofiinv  lemeritjr.  tbrawn  a  atoD« 

at  an*m. 

Tlie  Spanbh  anaotalaf,  Pftlicl«T,  to  hii  notn  to  Don 
Qniiott,  thaa  allildea  lo  lb«  Oirif^n  orUui  Mipctalition  ; 
by  wkicti  llw  rtailmaf  thia  prctcot  vniiable  hutory, 
will  «ci!  Uwt  the  adaiitaiiaa  of  ao  (Ad  >tory  to  a  nodcra 
hero,  ia  no  novel  in««nlioo. 

ThatdtiNMllary  of  leg«nitary  Jorv,  Don  Quixote.  b«ving 
(tattd  llmt  there  ia  aa  asdcnt  and  couaioa  tradition  ia 
Enghuad,  that  Kiag  Anhar  did  not  die,  but  waa  meta- 
mrpboaad  by  eaehantDMat  into  a  nvco ;  bia  nimoien* 
IMoi  obaervM,  that  oaeof  the  Uwaofthe  hmout  Wdah 
It^atof,  flowvl  l>ha.  made  it  vnlawibl  to  kilt  a  raves ; 
and  that,  pratMhly,  the  ratcn  owe*  ita  ttcarity  to  a 
BistSK  of  the  law  and  the  tradition ;  the  conBOa 
|tM|ile  of  Entclond  tiein|  afraid  to  kill  the  bird,  teat  they 
•bMld  kill  their  kiNf  I 
TOL.  1.  r 


NOTU> 

"  SukU  (AaotMiaDM.  a  Dod  Quixote,  p.  4t),  hw 
RtencioD  de  um  k;  d«  lloclio  cl  Bneno  Rey  de  Cak& 
pKmDlgkda  d  ana  lie  000  ^m  i>robibe  malar  CatrTMc* 
hcndad  agena-  Or  csta  ]>R>hilMcioa  mrtclaila  mo  k 
fobuk  lie  la  cumreiiiiun  tl«l  Ki'y  Artua  en  tuerio.  p«^ 
originaiM  en  el  pneblo  inglete  el  Icmor  d«  malar  cacna 
pur  oo  herir  de  nwierta  a  au  Rey  »n  alguno  da  •Ilea." 
m.LtciKa'i  moir..  tol.  i..  p.  in. 


(U)  — r»om  m6. 

TUB    UlBE. 

The  ancient  DritDo*  bad  a  aopcralitiou  rcpfd  Iw 
the  haro  ;  and  Ckmu  inrornu  u*,  that  it  was  nnUwAil  te 
Ifarin  Id  tat  it.  la  the  time  at  P))li«hcle.  the  topognpbs 
of  Corawtll,  the  aBiwmitian  waa  hy  tut  meaoa  abauJS 
■he  K>uth  Vint  couulitfl  of  Bngland  [  and.  accordlnf  ti 
the  teitimuny  of  a  WDtributM  10  the  **  Sponi^  U«|»- 
licv,"  il  tubsiat*  at  i)ie  prMent  dajr.  Tlic  bore  ira«  ri> 
bablf  nxd  for  putposea  ot  Augnryt  for,  ia  ttw  bbci- 
letter  edition  ot  U«ILn»h«>l,  U  a  wood  cut  re|>tt*coiiac 
Boadina,  addrewing  her  array  vi ft  a  Aore  in  hrlifi 
which,  Hulindwd  quoting  tioia  an  aneiont  author.  MiW. 
tlie  let  f  n  at  the  end  of  her  oration,  aa  it  w«t  to  pn 
pngnotticatlon  of  hrr  sucma. 

Ck*.  EU.  Ed.  p.   92.— Graphic   IlloArator,   pL  S31 
Holinshed't  Hi*,  p.  Si. 

Hi^t  not  thii  ahsliDcncc  from  Ih«  fleab  of  the  hare  u 
CDed^  be  a  relic  uf  th(  Levitical  ln«tilutjon>  } — Ed. 


(Xj.— fJiOB  273. 

nOMAM  ALTAR  AT   BITTKmM. 

Tbii  alHiT  wu  ditcoiered  at  Billeia  nboat  tluitr  jttn 
ago,  aad  it  6liU  la  iKitteace  i  anil  a  good  drawing  of  it  • 


an 


■tvoD  io  Sir  H.  EDflcMil'B  "  Walli  ihrouith  Southunp- 
•oiD."    Tb«  MibMriptioD  opno  it  >•  tbiu  dcdphn«d,    by 

tSir  II.  Engldicid— DE^.  ANCASTiE  GEMiNUS 
WANrUS  LIBENS  MEHITO. 
The  auUior,  it  will  b*  ptrccivcd  hu  diffcnd  froEO  Sir 
H.  Ea^field  ia  liia  tntcrgiretstiiMi  of  tbis  iuvciiptim  t 
BMlgning  ifap  altar  to  the  chaste  Gocldeu  Aa— <AN 
CAST^,)  initcad  of  tlie  tioddoa  Aiicuca.  It  (nay  be 
Mid,  iu  toppoR  of  the  auihur'a  Oipinion,  that  na  Sir  H. 
Eoglffitld  has  nprMMil  it.  "  The  Goddna  Ancaato,  U  • 
LdritjbitlitrlounltiinwiitoutiquvlMi"  ud that  "  (nmc 
■'•atiqnwin  btva  inppoaed  that  Soaibunptoa  derives  its 
]  nunc  from  the  rifsr  An,  orAnloa,  near  whoae  Soathem 
lastnmity  it  Uandi."  Let  my  antiquarian  bftthrts  duly 
aaldtr  tbc  matter,  and  decide  for  themseUta. 


BDITOR'S  NOTE. 

I  tocUae  10  the  opinioD  of  my  aoa,  ud  have  written  » 
bkk  quuto  OD  tkia  important  lubject,  with  whi<li  I 
to  bvosr  the  woild,  ai  acoti  a*  my  Tiicod  Old- 

ck'*  taluahle  Esny  i>o  Ca*tr>iacot«tioD.  tholl  be  in  a 
eScieet  ttatc  of  furwarJnna  to  aJkiw  him  to  auiat  m* 
itbartw  cantnbuiioaaortilaownoa  the  aubject. 


KND  OF  VOL.  t. 


r  I 


n 


L  0  ■  D  d  Vl 
rUMTm  BT  iCnvLtK  AMD  CO,   13,  rOLAMV 


STONEHENGE; 


am. 


THE   ROMANS   IN   BRITAIN. 


VOL.  II. 


tBimn  ST  ■MDUS  AHP  CO^  13,  rOLAS 


STONEHENGE; 


•«. 


THE    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


A  ROMANCE  OF  THE  DAYS  OP  NBRO. 


MAIACHI  MOULDY,  F.S.A. 


NilbltM  >  Britbh  ncoid,  (Idoc  conml'd 
Id  old  AnnnHca,  whK  Kent  apriiig* 

No  GotUc  eiuqDcror  em  dnnJr,)  remlcd 
Tba  BwrcUoii*  cuirail  gftOrfotUn  tUnga. 
■ouitwoa 


X 


IN  THREE  VOLUMES. 
VOL.  II. 


LONDON: 

BICHARD  BENTLEY,  NEW  BURLINGTON  inHEFT. 

1842. 


BOOK  THE  THIRD. 


TIw  city,  whicl)  IIidd  lont,  no  nlber  desm 
Hu  gnat  and  glorurai  Rome,  quren  or  tta«  e*Kh, 
So  fu-  rcnowixd,  aadwilh  the  ipotli  coricliM 
or  n^oni ;  there  the  C^ltol  thou  itM 
Abore  the  rest  littiog  bU  (tttel)'  heid 
Od  the  Tarpeiui  rock,  her  ciudel 
lopregneble  :  and  there  MoDDt  PaUtine, 
The  imperial  palace,  cnmpaM  hofe,  and  high 
The  Mnictnre,  skill  of  Bob1e«t  architect!, 
With  filded  battle  meati,  eoospicnoDi  far. 
Turret*  ud  terracai,  and  g-Ultering  ipires. 
MaDf  a  fair  edifice  belidet,  more  like 
Hoiuea  of  Ood  ;  io  well  h«ve  I  diipoMd 
Hj  aerr  mlntMCOpe,  thou  naf 'at  beboU 
Ootaide  asd  iniide  both,  pillan  and  n>ofi, 
Carr'd  wi>rk,  the  hand  of  famed  artiftcen 
In  cedar,  BiaiUe,  1*017  o'  8°^ 

Fauei»  BioAiHiD. 


TOI~   II. 


m 


STONEHENGE; 


«. 


THE  ROMANS  IN  BRITAIN. 


CHAPTER  I. 


Ronw'i  aiure  tky, 
[  Flowen.  rvln*,  tMtiirt,  mntk — wonli  uv  malt, 
'  The  fln>7  tbcy  tn>nifu«e  vltb  llttifig  tnlb  lo  ipetk. 

Altbouqh  the  recall  of  Suetonius  from 
Britain,  as  detailed  in  the  close  of  tbe  Ust  book, 
was  peremptory,  his  deportorc  waa  not  im- 
mediate;  for  the  cunnulsliip  of  his  successor 
PctxDiiiuii  Tuqiilianus  did  not  cx|Hro  until  the 
last  day  of  the  year.  The  British  Clumitel,  at 
all  tiin«a  fomiidAlilc  to  the  Romans,  was  con- 
sidered innavigable  during  the  winter  montlia  ; 
and  the  «<iuinootial  gale*  were  no  favourites 
with  the  Romans,  as  Ciesar's  Commcntarica 
testify :   io  that,  in  conscc|ncnoe  of  the  delay 

D  2 


stoneubnoe;  or. 


la. 


wrising  rrom  tltcse  and  other  causes,  Ra 
did  not  ornvc  in   Romv,  until   tbc    spring 
tJie  year,  A.D.  fii. 

Dunng  the  interval  between  her 
and  departure,  she  resided  principaUf  i 
Roman  colony  st  Clausentum,  under  the 
nturveillanoe  of  Suetonius.  This  period  of  ta- 
surc,  she  sedulously  employed  in  improriiig 
her  knowledge  of  Latin ;  and  as  that  Ungnagf 
-nras  constantly  spoken  by  all  around  her,  tx- 
cept  her  own  immediate  domestics,  she  eoaU 
speak  it  with  tolerable  facility  on  her  urin)  it 
Rome. 

Her  artless  and  aflablc  manners  made  hct  i 
vcf)'  gGnora)  favourite  with  the  Roman  soldien. 
and  more  particularly  with  their  general,  wbe 
succeeded  in  convincing  Anrirofrus,  that  notUif 
would  tend  more  to  her  improremcnc,  thta  a 
residence  in  the  impcrisl  city ;  where,  k( 
pledged  himself^  she  would  be  treated  uUi 
own  daughter,  rather  than  as  a  h<Ktt^;e.  tb 
his  future  destinies  scented  invoU'ed  in  connda- 
ablc  uncertainty,  and  lie  could  not  give  hera 
asylum  in  his  own  family,  he  offered  to  plan 
her  under  the  care  of  the  philosopher  Seneca. 
at    that  time    esteemed    not  oitly   the  nod 


THE   ROMAKi   IN    DRITAIK.  5 

Jthy  and  powerful,  but  likewiM  the  moat 
virtuous  jicrsun  in  Rutdc, 
B     Petronius  Turpilianux,  tlic  successor  of  Sue- 
'    tonius,  tiaving  exprcsswl  a  wish  that  l*utl«ii» 
would  serve  iiim  in  the  same  capacity  as  he  had 
wrvcd  hii  predecessor,  Pudcns  very  cheerfully 
iplied,  thinking  that  it  would  afTord  him  the 
*t  op|M)rtuiiity  [>f  promoting  the  peace  and 
■perity  of  hii  native  country,  hy  using  his 
loenee  to  quell  the  spirit  of  reaistance  in  the 
[iquiihed,  and  of  oppression  in  the  victors. 
[Hi»  efforts,  we  arc  happy  to  state,  snccceded  so 
rtU>  tiiat,  owing  cliietly  to  hU  friendly  media- 
Britain    never  enjoyed    more   profound 
iiiquillity,  than  under  the  administration  of 
'Tur])ilianu8.* 

1'Ucing  our  leave  of  I^idens  for  the  present^ 

re  must  now  revert  to   Itoscrana,  of  whose 

irrival,  and  first  inipreasionH  in  Rome,  wc  liave 

la  detail  in  the  following  letter  to  her  &ther, 

[vritten  in  her  own  simple  style,  which  we  shall 

not  apologise  for  translating,  and  presenting  to 

I'the  reader, 

*  PrtranlM  TufpUluM  non  irriulo  hotAe,  ncqae  Imciu- 
MO,  boMMiMD  pMb  Bomait  Mgai  otlo  Imporalt. 

7W.  .dim.tit.H,  1.19. 


btonkhenob;  or, 

"  Claudia  Rafins  to  Arvin^os,  Kin;  tt 
"  tlic  B«lgie,  in  Britain. 

'*  You  will  huxlljr  guein  from  this  sapencnp- 
tion,  my  denr  fnUicr,  tliat  this  letter  is  vrrina 
by  your  own  daugliter  Koscramu     Mj  Koam  ^ 
ffiendH,   I  know  not  why,  have   t^iatiged  iiy  I 
Dwne.    Tticy    tell    me   that    ■    Roman  nainr 
sounds  better,  and   hare  chosen    the    abon 
name  froin  the  colour  of,  what  mj*  dear  aU 
Morgan    used    to   call,    my     sunny    tnsMs; 
titough   that  epithet   wus   more    suitable  tea 
years  ago  than  it  is  now.     For  my  own  pot 
I   was  well  satisfied  with  my    British  nanu; 
and,  baibarouB  as  it  might  be  thought  ben, 
1    never    think   of   its    abbreviation    *  Roty,' 
but  it  colls  forth  a  tear  for  my  broTc  brotlxt, 
or  a  sigh  thnt  I  cannot  hear  it  from  the  Uptd 
my  lovod  father. 

"  When  I  think  of  roy  poor  dear  Brennus,  I 
cannot  help  weeping,  Co  think  that  I  have  <npl 
so  little  for  him.  I  am  sure  I  feel  my  Ion  laort 
bitterly,  and  have  often  wept  myself  to  shiy 
upon  my  pillow ;  and  yet,  next  morning  p«^ 
Imps,  I  have  seemed  as  liglitrbearted  as  unuL 
Oh,  roy  father!  if  Brennus  has  ever  looked 
down  from  bis  duud,  and  seen  me  so  blytt* 
and  meny,    he  must   liave  judged  ma  rtrj 


i 


THE   ROUAXft   IN    BHtTAIN. 


and  liard-hcnrtcd  to  tltink  so  liUle  of  him, 
h«n  he  was  klvays  so  kind  tu  nie ;  snd  yet  I 
sure  Uiat  if  tears  could  have  brought  biro 
Iwok,  he  would   not   hxTc  lingi-red  when:  he 
V  in.* 

"  Yes,  my  dear  father,  I  thank  the  gods  that 
though  tlie  Uoauuis  have  changed  my  name, 
they  cannot  change  my  heart.  1  have  almoiit 
forgotten  my  old  name,  l>ut  I  have  not  for- 
tten  you  or  my  dear  country;  and  yet  if 
iiyUiin^  could  make  me  forget,  it  is  being 
such  a  city  as  this.  £ver3rthiiig  seems  so 
I,  tliat  1  often  think  it  cannot  lie  real,  but 
t  I  must  be  dreaming :  yet  1  do  not  bcltcve 
that  dretimit  could  be  so  beautiful.  I  have  al- 
ways loved  to  look  upon  the  blue  iiky  and  the 
golden  sunset  in  Britain,  and  hare  thought 
Uiat  there  was  something  in  the  air  which  made 


■  Could  (Fin  nUrH  Ibo  tyrant  in  hii  <onr«« ; 
CooU  ilgbi  nttrt  Wii  dart*B  ttfl«nilfn  fomi 
Than  Mfll  buUi  llv'd  to  blesi  wj  athiug  ligbli 
Tfajr  conrRika'  booour,  tnd  tbjr  (rieniU*  drligku 

■  t  RU1. 

Tlw  Hsw  i4n  bM  bna  (ka*  optMMd   by  lb«  K«tI  of 
,  StMTBjrc— 

Ab  ;  C\»ir:  U  lot*  hwl  booted,  oh«  or  eou. 
ll«a*'B  bsd  out  won,  nor  Banb  m  Omtifia)  Inl. 


(sJEnriy. 


e 


flTONEllENOB}    OR, 


me  happy — as  we  see  it   aficcts  insects — te 
there  is  something  here  which  makes  me 
happy,*     I    feel    as   if  I   could  gaxe  oa„ 
deep  blue  sky,  and  watch  the  purple-crii 
golden  su»set,t  and  gase  and  watch  for  etcr. 
I  seem  to  want  nothing  bat  the  bright  sun,  and 
ihe  sweet  gale,  to  live  upon.      I  feel  as  I  did  an  i 
my  recovery  from  the  fever  which  I   had  laat 
summer,  when  I   scorned  to  drink  in  beaUi  [ 
from  every  sweet-Sf:ented  brcexe.      But  oh,  mj  ' 
father  !  how  shall  I  describe  to  you  the  waodtf 
with  which  I  beheld  llome  itself !     Tlie  hngt 
buildings  seemed  more  like  those  large  maud 
of  cloudit,  which  are  sometimes  piled  up  in  tbe 
west,  tlisn  anything  else  to  which  I  can  cvin- 
pare  them.     At  every  step  one  beholds  ardiesi 
and  columns,  and  statues,  whose  marble  wtule- 
ness  looks  still  more  white  from  being  am- 
trasted  with  the  purple  sky.   Then,  again,  tbtit 
are  theatres,  which  seem  hke  hollow  mountMiii. 


*  la   lh(  tuHil  cliiiiHlc  ot  NIte,  Nuptfa.    or  SkDy, 
r.Tiitfnrt  U  offlt^nrr,  and  onn  the   pniat  of  dome  U«fct> 
pDtun  imidM  tW  balmy  innurnftn  of  nstun!,  mi  ■! 
o(  «j)tM«ble  attd  oniDlernipUi]   Mtnatioos    larlta  to  i 
and  olillrloD.-^ir  II.  Dary'i  Cmurtitifmt  fat  Trm^t 

t  See  the  bfau(i»  of  aa  lUlUn  *uoi«t,  dcMrila^  la  OM 
Harold^  Cum  iv. 


TDK    ROUANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


capable  of  conUuning  nations;  nni]  temples, 
rhich  would  nlmost  tempt  tlie  gods  to  reside  in 
[tiietn,  but  tluit,  oa  our  Druids  tell  us,  tlie  gods 
nnot  l)e  cnnfineJ  within  wallii.  11ieii  itiv 
ita  are  so  crowded  with  troops  of  soldier*, 
■ions  of  priests,  msj^istntes  with  their 
attendants,  aii<l  nobilitjr  with  their  trains,  that 
■  Uie  whole  world  seenis  assembled  in  une  sput. 
"  1  went  into  the  Forum  tJw  other  day, 
id  1  was  giddy  with  watching  the  different 
roups.  Here  a  crowd  was  listening  to  aii 
>rator  pleading  a  cause ;  there  parties  were  ool- 
cled  round  aoniC  favourite  senator.  Conricn 
hurrying  along  in  all  directions ;  and  A>- 
rvign  Binbossadoni,  from  the  remotest  comers 
of  the  earth,  were  gasing  at  each  other's  diffe- 
rciit  costumes  (B).  Ercrything  seemed  to  pro. 
vlium  Rome  the  mistress  of  the  world.  What 
struck  roe,  however,  as  most  remarkable,  was, 
that  the  Romans  must  always  have  considered, 
that  the  gods  had  designed  that  they  should 
one  dsy  give  Laws  to  all  otticr  nations ;  for  all 
their  public  works  arc  very  much  Larger  tliun 
tJiero  was  occasion  for,  when  they  were 
built.  Rven  their  common  sewers,  made  when 
Rome  liad  no  more  inhabitants  than  t!>eFG  are 
in  your  territories,  have  not  required  to  be  en- 

b3 


■TDNBtimsaK ;  OR, 


larged  since,  althuug;h  Rome  now  conoina  se- 
venty times  as  nuiDf  people  as  it  diil  tboi.* 

"Yon  will  be  surprised  at  mr 
the  sewers,  but  they  seem  to  me  the 
wonderful  of  all  the  wonders  I  have  seei, 
for  th«y  are  carricil  through  the  bills,  oi 
under  the  city,  and  are  so  lai^  that  ship 
miglit  sat)  beneath  the  archway.  Seven  sUeami 
unite  in  tliese  channels  vith  sudi  foree^  that  bt 
guide,  who  was  a  yoang  patrician  of  the  nsnt 
iif  Lucan,  a  nephew  of  Seneca,  aMund  Di 
that  huge  fiUmtts  and  beams  of  timlicr  aie  c«- 
ricd  along  by  tliem,  like  leaves  or  straws  don 
a  running  brook.  I  was  told,  too,  that  dt 
same  king  who  conrtHM^ed  these — I  foricet  iit 
namet— also  built  the  Circus,  which  will  hM 
nearly  SOO.fHX)  people.  It  lias  been  enlai^ 
it  is  true,  since  he  built  it,  but  it  would  te 
hold  more  than  half  that  number,  whiob  wtsi 


*  Tlie  finl  rciilDt  of  the  InhabltuiU  of  R«4n*w 
by  SerriiitTnTlu*,  tlip  •otoeMor  iif  Tunioiaiui  Prnroi^  A> 
builder  of  tbe  iiTKcn,  iikdalwef  Ibr  Circiu.TW  ninAiX' 
(lie  inlinliiunu  wi*  tlicii  SO^O,  £ti>.  L  44.  In  A»  ttfm 
uk«n  t.U.r.  801.  !a.d.  i8.)  sbaut  14  ]wtn  befoiv  ti*  m 
rtfemd  to  in  our  U\t,  Ihr  muMbt*  wm  UM.Vn.  Tar.  -ta 
xL  !S.  Forlhe  varjiPE  uiiulwnaf  (he  popalMtonirfbwt 
Dhco  ucb  wniiu  »•>  tsLen,  w  Amrirr'j  VvOt   (■  th0—. 

i  Tar^iiiniut  IViKU*. 


TBR    ROUAXS   1:4    BRITAIN. 


t 


very  great  many  more  tlinn  his  kingdom  could 
■apply  M  fill  it(C). 

"Now  I  am  npeaking  of  tbe  worlu  of  this 
great  King — 1  wiili  I  could  think  of  liiit  tiami^— ' 
who  ^aiH^4t  xiwae  msgiuliveiit  structures,  1  must 
tvll  you  of  a  visit  which  I  paid  to  tho  Capitol, 
ai  tlic  princip4il  temple  to  Jupiter  is  called, 
and  which  wu  also  begun  by  him,  though  it 
lias  linoe  lieen  robuttt.  The  very  thrvvholdi 
of  tliii  magnificent  edifice  are  of  brau;  the 
roof  iR  gilded,  and  shields  of  solid  gold  aiid 
ailrirr  cover  the  walls.  As  I  was  looking  around 
me,  holding  my  breath  with  astonishment 
at  the  splendour  of  this  place,  and  looking 
now  at  the  silver  rn&cs,  and  now  at  the  lepldeii 
choriot,  and  other  piiM^ious  things  whtdi  arc 
ranged  along  the  floor,*  Lucan  told  me,  that 
the  allocator  of  the  Romans,  King  Kvander, 
lived  on  this  very  spot,  in  a  low  roofed  cot- 
tage, and  that,  where  a  splendid  building 
called  Porapcy'a  palace  now  stands,  fonocriy 
stood  the  sheds,  in  which  were  penned  the  few 
cattle  which  formed  his  only  wealth!  As  wc 
lell  tlic  scal|iture4l  portico,  Kupjwrtcd  by  beau- 

■  Sm  A4Uni*«  AnilqnitlM^  snd  »Ua  Brotin'a  Note  lo  Ta- 
ritiM,  lli*L  lib.  in.  Ci  73,  anil  (he  autkoriiin  Uirtn  ntrmi 
10  for  in  amuni  ol  Iki  MafntflMMtt  of  the  Capiuli 


13  HTOMinKNOB  ;    OR» 

tiful  AtheniAn  pillars,  uid  were  descending  Ik 
hundred  Step*  leading  to  the  Purum,  Lncvt, 
who  is  B  poet,  recited  Mtnc  verses  of  anoUur 
poet's,  in  which  tiiti  circtinistancc  is  rcUtedi'Dl; 
and  I  could  not  help  ukiiig  myscl/,  as  be  «it 
repeating  them,  'what  is  there  to  prcvcot  mj 
own  dear  country)  Britain,  becoming  «  gnU 
nation  nt  some  future  day }'  Your  wbite  bovK 
is  better  than  King  Evander's — jrou  areasgool 
a  man  as  h« — and  your  people  cut  brarc  as  htL 
"  Sciiecn  tells  cne,  Uiat  when  Rome  wu  tt 
small  as  to  be  almost  unknown,  unother  dbM 
Iiad  subdued  the  world ;  and  that  when  tlut 
nation  was  in  its  infancy,  a  former  one  bid 
conquered  tlie  eartli.  Empires  seem  to  naBc 
oaka ;  they  riae  and  flourish,  wiue  old  and  d» 
cay.  The  king  of  tlie  forest  looks  glorious  la- 
day,  but  perhaps  some  acorn,  which  has  sprang 
up  unobserved,  will  hereafter  throw  ovXi 
mighty  limbs,  and  hide  tlie  place  where 
its  sovereign  stands.  Roone  is  the  oak,  ami  i)it 
king  of  the  forest  now;  hut  what,  my  faths. 
if  Britain  were  tlie  aconi }  Tlicse  iboa 
struck  ine,  as  I  walked  through  the 
Forum.  I  dare  say  Locan  would  have 
very  much  amused,  had  he  known  what  aS^ 
pied  my  mind. 


THE    ROMANS   IN   BRITAIN. 


IS 


"  I  am  very  glad  that  I  am  in  Scnea's  hoiue, 
for  be  takes  alnnont  as  much  pains  to  teach  me, 
19  my  dear  old  Morgan  took.  He  is  a  great 
riter,  and  I  am  now  reading  Ms  worltx.  He 
also  recommended  mc  to  learn  Greek, 
rliich  I  have  begun,  for  Greek  ia  as  much 
ttslkcd  here  as  Latin.  The  greater  number  of 
f  hi*  slaves  arc  G  recks  ;  and  so  much  the  worw : 
|/or  Lormn  says  Uiat  she  thinks  if  her  mother 
Iwere  to  know  tlic  Greeks,  iilie  would  nu  longer 
[bear  such  ill-nill  to  tlie  Romans,  for  that 
[the  Romans  arc  a  hundred  times  better  than 
Itbc  Greeks. 

"  I  wish,  my  dear  father^  you  could  we  the 
I  inside  of  Seneca's  palace:  you  would  tJien  think 
I  your  daughter  a  queen  indeed.    For  my  inart,  I 
'begin  to  be  wearied  with  so  much  magnificence. 
Were  it  not  that  I  am  unproring  myself,  and 
hope  one   day  to  teacti  my  countr^'men  some- 
thing,  1   should  he  impatient  to  leave  Rome, 
:  witli  all  her  grandeur,   to  sec  my  own  lorcd 
Britain  ngain  :  and  yet  I  am  treated  witlt  great 
kindness ;  and  Pauliita,  Seneca's  wife,   is  like 
a  moUtcr   to  me.     Lucan     reminds   mc    very 
much  of  Fudens,  who,  I  daxc  say,  has  forgotten 
me,    now    he   is  surrounded   by    his    Roman 
friends,  and  perhapa  holds  tome  high  office  in 
Britain. 


u 


stoneuknob;  ou. 


"  I  could  tell  you  n  g;r«&t  deal  more,  vti)  tn- 
teiided  to  do  so,  but  thnt  my  head   ia  so  «•- 
fused  with  Higfits  and  tounds,  that  I  wonder  I 
have  been  able  to  write  »o  mucli ;  and  do«I 
find  that  I  must  leare  off  witli  what  I  ueantl* 
make  the  beginning   of    tny    letter,    h»d  not 
other  things  put   it  oat  of  my    head.     J  b- 
tended  to  give  you  some  slight  account  of  our 
voyage  fix>m  England  hither,  which  waa  ndt, 
indeed,  aa  it  is  quite  impossible  adequately  M 
describe.     A  furious  storm  nvcrtook  u>;  Mj 
hcsrt  even  now  sickens  at  tJic  recollectioo  oi 
the   terror   which    I   felt.     Wave    after   wan 
rushed  upon   us,  like  a  herd  of  savage  bessti, 
lifting  us  up  to  the  very  clouds,  and  kbakiag 
us  in  their  foaniy  mouths,  and  then  dosbiog  d 
into  an  abysa  as  dark  and  aa  deep  a*  Ibouxb 
the  sea  itself  had   been  riven,  to   make  ua  ■ 
grave  in  the  sand  beneath  it.     Oh  !  the  cnsk- 
ing  of  the  ship— the  crash,  us  dift'erent  parti 
of  tlie  rigging  gave  way — and,  above  all,  llr 
awful  shriek  which  we  heard  from  another  v«i- 
sel,  which  was  dashed  to  pieces  againat  a  mk, 
within  ught  of  us  ;  and  our  own  dreadftil  fMe 
of  suspense  when  our  ship  was  driven  on  tkt 
shore,  and  then  rectojmcd  by  the  angry  sea! 
Oh,  my  father!    1   could   see,  hear,  tliink,  at 
notliing  else,  all  the  rcstof  our  journey  ttmwfb 


i 


THE   BOUANS   IN    BRITAIN. 


IS 


I 


I !  Onljr  live  oat  of  thirteen  ihips  escaped ; 
we  were  drireii  a  gnat  vny  out  of  oar  pro- 
courae,  and  tandnl  ujwn  m  little  island 
opposite  the  mouth  of  the  I-igcr,  in  Gnul.  I 
waa  half  insensible,  and  do  not  know  how 
I  escaped  at  last,  or  remember  what  hap- 
pened, before  we  reached  MorseJIlra,  to  em- 
bark fur  Italy.  But  Lornm  tells  me,  that  the 
ialand  on  wliich  we  were  caxt  was  inhabited 
only  bj-  women,  who  were  as  cruel  and  as 
M  the  sea  itself.  1  atn  afraid  tliat  )'ou 
'vilt  hardl}-  believe  what  I  am  going  to  add,  but 
Lorma  aHSurex  me  it  tH  true ;  and  that  she  was 
an  eye-witness.  While  our  vessels,  whicli  were 
stranded,  were  wiuting  the  tide  to  carry  them 
over  to  Gnul,  these  women,  who  were  all  clad 
in  white,  and  had  their  hair  flowing  loosely 
about  them,  pulled  otf  the  roofoftlieir  temple, 
and  coverc<l  it  again  bvforc  Kunset ;  and  one  of 
them  lia*>-ing  let  her  load  fall,  her  companions 
fell  upon  her,  and  tore  her  to  pieces  >* 

"  But,  my  dear,  dear,  father  (  1  must  close 
my  letter,  as  tlic  courier  a  wiuting.     I  hope  that 

old  Morgan  is  wolL    Oh  !  what  would  I  give 
I 

■  IMt  dncrlftloB  «f  l^niu'l  Ik  no  tethM,  bqt  wigkt  htttt 
bMD  lalun  alnoM   mtttlm     froai      Slrabo.— Caiaut.  nU. 


ITOWBBBHaB  {   0% 


16 


toltearoiie  mora  of  hii  tmtea  mulK  the  wft> 
lowtreel  I  hope  thst  Au  bu  oeaaed  ta  aoa 
Lonna  by  thia  time.  Ftonrdl,  ftremlU  mf 
dear&therl — take  care  of  Toond^  fatwcfwim 
— for  I  can  with  cEifiBaa%  oxiat  eo  ftr  wnj 
from  yoa ;  and  I  am  mre  I  ehcnild  die  if  anj 
evil  befell  you  1 

"  P.8.— -Do  yon  ever  bear  of  Pndeoa  l—€at\ 
am  often  aaked  about  bim  hennas liimn  fami 
bim  Tery  veU."  ■-  ■ 


TIIR    ROMANS   IN     ORtTAIH. 


17 


CHAPTER  11. 

MagBM  ScAMB  prBdlrltls  boftM ! 

IC1.  10. 16. 

Lrt  tn*  dMcribc  Ihe  p>1mm  uul  gmooili 
Of  S«D*ca.  wboM  iTMlifc  oMacdt  all  bouaib. 

KoiicRAVA — or  rather  Clitu<lia — for  being 

now  at  Rome  wc  should  da  as  tiic  Roman)  do, 

Land  call  our  heroine  w  thoy  oiled  her,  Claudiji 

-in  her  letter  to   her  fatlwr,  stated,  that  could 

'he  *ec  the  interior  of  Senccn's  palace,  and  wit- 

ne»  the   magnilicencc  which   prevailed  there, 

L  he  would  indeed  think  his   daughter  n  qiteen. 

Another  letter  contained  n  descri|ilion  of  a  fevr 

^ftrtiolea  of  luxury ;    hut  graphic  and  liveljr  aa 

^faerdeaeri])tion  waft,  wc  hare  preferrc<l  bringing 

^•ome  of  the   most  curiouK  details  relating  to 

the  private  \-oluptuou3ncs)i  of  tlie  Romans  into 

one  point  of  riew ;   and  have  accunlingly  de- 

voted  this  and  the  following  cliapter  to  tliac 

purpose. 

Sume  idea  may  be  formed  of  the  enormous 


le 


8TONRHENOR;    OB, 


wcalUi  iif  some  of  the  Romans,  from  tlie  cir- 
cutnsUiice,  tliat  Apidus,  an  epicure,  contempo- 
nry  with  ijeneca,  haviitg,  liy  his  profase  cxtrt' 
vnguice,  squandered  Mvay  so  much  of  ha 
wealth  M  only  to  tenve  tlic  contemptible  bft- 
Iftnce  of  a  hundred  sesteices,  or,  to  give  tt  b 
English  coin,  K3,:j33/.  6«.  8(/.,  was  so  horrified 
at  the  near  ))roapect  of  penury,  tiiat  he  put  a 
period  to  his  pitiable  existence,  by  a  doae  of 
poiwnl* 

Among  the  rich  men,  who  flourished  at  tUi 
period,  Seneca  was  not  the  least  distinguished : 
for  although  his  wenlt)i  did  not  equal  tlmt  of 
aome  of  the  Em]>eror*s  freedmen,  yet  oar 
renders  we  apprehend,  will  hardly  deem  soicide 
justifiable  on  that  aocount,  when  they  ai«  b* 
formed  that  it  wasi  computed  to  amount  tu 
2,500,000/.  in  cash,  besides  a  great  many 
villas,  1,5(H)  citron-wood  tables,  and  other 
valuable  articles  !t 

Having  premised  thus  much,  we  will  now 


*  Thb  lofcdote  la  rerorded  hy  S«nc»,  CoomI.  tdl  tUt 
<ap.  II.  !■  10.  Bivtlcr.  to  whacu  tin'  annuUitur  wUDolkMl 
tonpitM  Lii obligations  fa**  a  duitcrlatino  aa  tk  luni^of 
the  Roniaii*,  in  bU  NoUi  in  Tic.  Ann.  iii.  c.  iJ,  wUch  •ill 
■mute  a  tirader  ciiriou*  on  UiU  lubjecC 

I  E.  Broiler,  nt  (upra. 


THE    ilOHANS    IN     nRITAIX. 


19 


proceed  to  a  ilescription  of  his  etUblUhtoent  at 
Rome,*  where  Claudia  vas  domiciled. 

KA  bandsome  marble  arclied  gateway,  in  the 
centre  of  which  the  word  8ai.vs  ("Welcome") 
was  sculptured,  conduebed  the  risitor  from  the 
street  into  the  area  uiwit  irhich  Seneca's  por- 
tico opened.  This  portico,  the  principal  use  uf 
which  was  to  serve  as  a  place  of  exerciso  when 
it  rained,  surrounded  three  ndea  of  tlM  area, 
and  was  supjwrted  by  no  less  than  six  hundred 
culumns.f  Leading  from  hence  to  the  atrium, 
or  grand  hall,  vna  u  vestibule:,  or  proihynim,  as 
it  wan  calW,  on  the  pavcmmt  of  which  was 
rtfiKsented,  in  mosaic  work,  a  ficroislooking 
dog,  chained  up,  but  spriiif^ing  forward,  as 
if  about  to  attack  aiiy  intruder ;  and  beneath 
was  ti*ced  in  large  cbaneters  cavb  caksuI 
("Beware  the  dog  I") 

The  atrium  was  the  moat  magnificent  aparl- 
t»fnl  in  tlie  liuuHe.  lu  fre1te/l  roof  was  sup- 
ported by  twelve  lofty  Corinthian  columns  of 

^B    *  For  tatthrt  iD(uru»lioa  on  tb«   lubjfct  of  lli»  domcsUc 

^^MellilMMre  ol  the  Hoibmi*.  Ibr  ividec'  b  rpfcrRd  Id  Sir  W. 

OM'i  dtful  rork  "  Ponipcuna,"  knd  to  [he  Ich  ^r«A- 

«1t«,  tml  Mil  ku  sfcrul  (lulitiulioD  or  Ihc  Soctctj  rur  ll>c  M- 

hrioa  »r  Uacfal  Knowlcdgt,  cnllttHl  "  Poupdl." 

t  Juv.  Sm.  vui.  178.  ;  rtuoKiufc 


so 


STONIvUeNOK;   OB, 


LucoUiait  or  blade  marble,  and  in  it*  ceDtre 
vras  un  opening,  edged  with  omatneatal 
tiles,  called  the  oomplurium,  through  wfateb 
w»s  usually  seen  the  dark  blue  sky,  ImI 
which  might  be  covered  with  a  purple  awt»> 
ing,  if  the  rays  of  tlie  sun  fell  upon  it  too  in> 
tensdy. 

Ttie  floor  «ru  teMcUted  marble,*  and  b^^ 
reservoir  of  water,  in  the  middle,  called  «l 
implitcwm,  equal  in  size  to  the  open  space 
above,  and  which  served  to  receive  the  naa 
water  from  the  roof.  This  impluviuin  wu 
made  to  represent  a  chasm,  or  large  nccidcDUl 
fissure ;  and  on  its  margin  stood  an  equeHtriaa 
statue,  in  bronze,  of  the  patriot  Marcus  Curtioi^ 
armed  like  an  ancient  Koman  warrior.  Hie 
hor§e  appeared  about  to  plunge  ita  rider  aad 
itself  into  tlic  abyas  below ;  or  from  its  being 
mirrored  there,  might  seem  already  to  be  half 
ingulfed.  The  border  of  the  implovium  ma 
of  the  most  tostcfiil  mosaic  work,  and  bore  tht 
circumscription  >— 

Da1<«  M  dccaruD  <at,  pro  p«tila  iDori. 

(■OR.  us.  Ill,  %  IX 

The  walls  of  this  magnificent  room  vcn 
•  SUL  SilT.  Lib.  I.  3.  u. 


TRB   HOUAN8    IN    nSITAIN. 

divided  into  compsrtroenU,  Mparated  from  each 
other  by  pilUutera  of  LoculUan  marble,  with 
I  gilded  cafHtalti. 

Each  alternate  comportment  oODtuned  • 
Taloable  painting,  or  a  niche  adorned  with  some 
masterpiece  of  sculpture.  Ufrt  vna  a  marble 
Cttpid,  the  work  of  Praxiteles ;  there  a  splendid 
hraxeii  stAtuc  of  Hercules:  another  niche  was 
filled  with  the  representation  of  a  female  prc- 
aenting  a  votive  basket  to  Diana,  the  chf- 
d'auvre  of  Polycletus. 

But  it  would  be  weariHOme  to  enumerate  all 
the  different  invaltuble  productions  of  the 
ehiael,  and  still  more  so  to  describe  tlic  beau- 
tiful paintings  which  adorned  Seneca's  atrium. 
Tliere  were  two  paintings,  however,  which 
deserve  particular  notice,  as  illustrative  of  their 
owner's  character,  whose  house,  as  well  aa 
bead,  was  filled  witli  scraps  of  morality ;  and 
who  was  accustomed  to  garnish  his  walls,  as 
well  as  his  speeches,  witli  ajthorisms. 

The  first  painting  was  a  beautiful  copy  of  the 
celebrated  picture  of  Polvf^notus  at  Delphi, 
representing^  L'lyascs  consulting  the  spirit  of 
Tiresias  in  Hades,  as  described  in  the  com- 
mencement of  the  nth  book  of  the  Odyssey. 
The   retiring    ghosts    in     the   back   ground— 


9S  STONB1IKNQE  ;  OB, 

the  nujcstic  and  uneaithly  form  of  'Hrcsiu 
leaning  upon  tiis  staff  of  gold— and  the  coun- 
tenance of  Ul)-SHe«  listening  with  the  iniMi 
intense  anxiety  to  the  stoiy  of  his  fittuit 
fates,  as 

Aiiunithi^  *{  thr  *i||l>t.  •(bMC,  lie  uaoi, 
Ant)  B  (olil  Tenr  ran  tbirtriag  Uro*  hii  bloodt 

were  all  pourtntTcd  with  awful  fidelity;  aad 
the  srtist  Heomed  to  liave  caught  Uie  moiiMtf 
when  the  poet  describes  the  shadowy  seer  u 
saying — 

But  Vnott—hf  m^  KMBlaf  hM  Jfacloit 
N<w  traJDi  of  imager,  sad  ntw  tceau  of  me*. 

Below  this  picture  was  the  motto  taken  fna 
Horace — 

Quid  tit  nituTun  crM,  roirc  ^uartw. 

OD.  LIB.  I.  9,  V.  13. 

Kooiigh  for  thtc  i*  thi*  ds]i*i  vo*v 
Seek  not  to-ioomiw'*  fnic  to  kno*. 

The  other  pictUTc  was  the  celebrated  paiac- 
ing  of  Timonthcs,  representing  the  sacrifice  td 
Iphtgenia.  The  genius  of  tbe  artist,  whokaev 
that  it  was  impossible  for  the  pencil  adeqoatelT 
to  poortny  the  mental  anguish  of  the  fallu' 


< 


TUB   ROWA»ll   IN    SltlTAIN. 


33 


I 


ut  to  be  deprived  of  his  onlir  daughter,  bad 
him  avert  tiis  l»e«d,  «nd  veil  hi«  het, 
nther  th&ii  behold  so  Iteart-rendtng  a  spectacle. 
Tbia  new  and  beautirul  expedient  had  been 
applaaded  by  oratorsi  and  artists,  until  applause 
itself  had  become  trite ;  Scnecx,  t1>crefoT«,  liad 
resolved  to  direct  the  attention  to  a  different 
view  of  tlic  subject ;  and  in  this  he  had  very 
happily  aucceeded. 

I  The  artist,  who  had  veiled  the  features  of  the 
afflicted  jiarciit,  liad  Invishcd  all  the  resources  of 
his  matchless  skill  on  the  countenance  of  Iphi- 
genia ;  which  was  li);hted  up  with  an  expression 
of  supcrlioman  beauty.  Ilie  holy  ealrn,  which 
bad  Buoceeded  the  stormy  atniggle  between  the 
lore  of  life  and  filial  obedience ;  the  patriotic 
resignation  to  death,  which  seemed  to  have 
huslied  the  natural  repinings  of  youtli,  gave 
her  a  saint-Uke  appearance,  which  recondled 
tlie  beholder  to  the  decrees  of  Heaven,  as 
having  only  claimed  its  own. 


Td,  Ikcn  <n»  lig%l  around  titt  brow, 

A  bolJBni  ia  ikoK  d«.rli  rr«B, 
Wliteh  «)MHr*il— tlioogh  vuidtrlag  uithwsrd  now, 

fl*r  ipirll't  Some  wm  in  Ihe  ikira. 

MDoaa. 


This  exquisite  paintbg,  formed,  as  it  were, 


34 


bto.vkhenob;  or, 


the  nUarpieco  to  an  mlUr  which  stood  in  tlie 
atrium ;  and  under  it  va  this  ioscriptioB, 
taken  from  Virgil : — 


Ftog*  Dm. 


Tc  quoquo  dl|mm 


■)i.viil,  3M. 


An  inscription,  which  Drydcn  biraself  hu 
pronounced  antran&ktcable ;  but  which  id- 
monisbea  Uie  spectator  to  *  make  hiravelf  tlso 
worthy  of  the  skies.* 

The  richest  and  rarest  marbles  were  into- 
worcn,  fif  I  may  be  allowed  the  expresnon),* 
to  form  borders  for  the  niches  and  cmpannd* 
lings ;  and,  notwithstanding  there  was  a  tariah 
profusion  of  gold  in  the  cornices  and  tracery, 
the  whole  was  disposed  with  such  exqiaiite 
taste,  tliat  they  appenred  merely  employed  as  a 
relief  for  the  rich  carvings,  which,  without  it, 
might  hare  appeared  too  massive.  The  plintlt, 
or  basement  of  the  walls,  was  adorned  with 
mosaic  work,  representing  flowers,  birds  peek- 
ing at  froit,  &c. 

Benches  and  tables,  of  the  diuicest  woodi, 
and  moat  clc^nt  clesi^s,  and  urns  and  Tasei 
of  the  most  costly  material,  and  tasteful  patUn, 
filled  up  the  recesses.    The  very  corcr  to  the 

•  Sim.  SJlT.  Ub.  I,  I,  T.  14S. 


TBE    BOUANS   IN    BBIT&tN.  95 


puteal  or  wcU,  which  vrsa  near  tlie  implurium, 
was  mule  of  bronxc,  Btid  reHOnibted  some  large 
■quatic  bin]  bending  <lown  its  hc«d  to  plume 
its  fe&then ;  but  the  altar  to  the  lares,  under 
which  Mtood  the  gold  box,  bratudded  witli 
pouls,  coutainitig  the  first  slinviiigs  of  the 
bMrd,*  KM  such  an  eli^iu)t  pieoc  of  art,  tliat 
j  1  am  afiaid  the  artutt  was  more  thought  uf 
1      than  t3ie  gods. 

^fe  It  is  time,  however,  to  quit  this  splendid 
^BBpartmrnt,  and  to  proceed  to  the  la&linum,  or 
^■Kpository  of  the  familj-  archircs  aiid  nioiiu. 
HmenU.  t 

^M    The  tabliatim   faced   the  principal  entrance 

^^totlie  atrium,  of  which  it  mif^lit  be  made  lu 

form  a  part,  by  drawing  audo  some  curtains 

of  Attahc  upestry,  in  wliicli  Agores  of  gold 

were  embroidered  on  a  ground-work  of  Tynan 


W  *  pMronlui  Sucloniu  tiaiei  that  Nero  praenUd  •  ilat- 
br  oAriBg  ts  JqpiMr  CifUDllun.  AaitaK  pHwtmm  pnmil, 
tni*lwi|n  t»  aMTnt  ffwidim,  tt  frtntummU   wmrfmrUii 

^H  SmH.  ta  Arnww,  II. 


Atria,  DoUUUi  wla  Ml  «tf  oe  bhw  riitai- 


VOL.    II 


26 


stoneiienob;  ob. 


porple.*  Where  the  owner  of  the  Itonse  couU 
not  boast  of  a.  long  line  of  sncestry,  as  w 
tbe  cue  witlt  Seneca,  whose  father  had  raixd 
Ills  fiimiljr  to  the  dignity  of  Roman  kni^l- 
hood,  the  absence  of  tlie  honourable  insifiui 
of  high  descent  was  compensated  by  •  ga^ 
geous  display  of  wealth.  Among  the  trcantm 
which  adorned  tliis  mngniAoent  apnrtiiienb 
tlie  roof  of  which  was  of  carved  cedar,  aad 
the  ftooT  of  gla»  mosaic,  were  ums,  vaaet, 
<lrinking  cups,  small  statues,  gems  and  pw- 
tureH,  all  of  them  dtstinguishMl  by  the  ooM); 
material  out  of  which  they  were  wroo^l,  cr 
by  their  elaborate  workmAnnliip.  t 

The  urns  were  of  marble  and  pOTptiyrr, 
adorned  witli  Grecian  sculpture.  Som«  of  Ux 
vaaes  were  of  terra  cottn,  from  Etruria  ku! 
Nola,  of  such  surpasnng  beauty,  that  ifcer 
rivalled  others  of  silver  and  CorintKian  brai^ 


■  Cl<.  in  Vrrr,   Actil,  Sb.  iv.,  e.  13,  aad  Lodpribt  it 
Toee  Atlatuh 


I  Vidl  artfi,  tvuriiniqut  mniia,  nriitqiw  i 
Vl*a  modi*.  Uhor  mi  lari  menwran  fifuru, 
Au(  tbar.  nut  dig  nu  ilghn  c«atiB(crc 
Quidquid  H  trgrnlo  (iriuiun)  nl  in  mtt  Mrnmii 
Lutit,  ct  enornio  idxeiuj  «l  npcru  colottML 


THE   ROIIAHS   IN    BBtTAIN. 


27 


» 


I 


and  eTen  of  onp:,  which  stood  by  their  side : 
altliou];lt  tliey  were  u))ligcd,  in  their  turn, 
to  yield  preoedenoe  to  die  still  more  precioiu 
Murrhine  viute,  made  of  chskcdony,  which 
was  ooiuidered  wortli  several  thousandB  of 
poonds.  Among  tlic  drinking  ^xasels,  wen 
two  silver  jugs  of  the  iDo«t  taxteful  design, 
eoebued  by  the  band  of  the  oclcbnit««l  Mentor, 
whidi  hsd  belonged  to  the  orator  Crusus,  but 
which  Uie  fear  of  sppenring  too  luxurious  had 
['TeslTaiiied  him  from  uning ;  utd  a  liirgc  p«tera 
or  goblet  of  the  purest  Ljrdiitn  guld  bentudded 
with  gomi,  considered  tlic  ctu;f-d'<ruvrr  of  Uie 
&nious  Sicilian  artist,  BoCdius.  Some  of  the 
■maUer  cups  were  of  agate;  and  one,  which 
was  esteemed  of  pcculinr  rarity  and  \'aluc,  wa<t 
of  colourless  glasa.  Nor  roust  I  forget  to 
mention  a  silver  patella,  or  sacrificial  dish,  and 
a  censer  or  thuribuluni,  both  of  silver ;  tlte 
former  carved  by  Mys,  and  the  latter  by 
Calami*,  who  lind  gained  hu  great  celebrity  by 
hartng  eiicbaHed  upon  it  a  drunken  satyr,  so 
well  tlutt  it  appeared  to  hare  been  affixed  to, 
lather  than  embossed  on,  the  vessel." 

To  avoid  a  wcarisomi;  detail.  I  must   pass 

*  Par  ■  lUt  of  lb*  <b<f»-il'»nTn  la  vnbomed  and  •«- 
|raT«il  plain.  t««  Ptinjr,  lib.  xxsiii,,  e.  It. 


S8 


btonshkn'Ok;  or. 


over  the  statues  and  pictures,  with  a  brief  il- 
luKion  to  two  paintinf^  which  were  singolarij 
characteriatio  of  their  posw&sor.  The  fint  vu 
an  alto-relievo  on  the  walls,  tilling  up  •  spWI 
generally  appropriated  to  the  genealogic 
It  represented  the  tniniatcra  of  state  pr 
a  death-warrant  to  Nero  for  signature,  who 
was  in  the  attitude  of  putting  it  away  from 
him,  as  though  unwilhng  to  sign  it;  aad 
beneatli  was  the  famous  speech  of  the  youthfol 
Emperor.  "VcUcm  nesrirc  Iitei«»  :*'— "  I  wish 
I  had  not  learnt  to  write!"* 

Seneca  nas  a  courtier,  and  a  tactidan,  u 
wt3i  as  a  philosopher;  and  it  is  wry  difficult 
to  say  ill  Tvliich  capacity  lie  was  the  grcatetl 
adept;  hut  in  the  chotc*  and  dispositioo  of 
this  painting,  he  displayed  great  proficiency  ia 
tliesc  three  characters.  The  picture  of  Nen 
being  substituted  for  the  principal  ancestral 
bust,  was  fluttering  to  the  Emperor,  and  seemed 
to  convey  the  idea  that  Scnecn  considered  hint » 
Uie  fatlter  of  his  fortune* ;  but,  at  the  same  time, 
the  subject  and  memorable  sjieeeh  uf  Xero^irhiU 
they  reconlvd  his  p;tKt  demenc)',  upbrat<bd 
him  for  his  present  cruelty,  and  seeined  1« 

*  Vtd.  SeoM-  D«  (Jlcmenlii,  lib,  ii.,  e.  L 


■r 

p^ 


TIIK    ROMANS  IN    BRtTAIK.  39 

Uh  him  to  rrtorn  to  tliat  Tirtuous  path, 
ich  lie  luu]  BO  long  lost  siijht. 
was  the  other  picture  less  characterUtic 
the  philosopher's  mind.  Antithetical  in  his 
thooghts,  »»  wdl  OS  in  his  Unguage, — the 
wealdi  which  strewed  his  floors,  and  heaped 
is  shetves,  seemed  hut  to  remind  him  of  the 
precarious  and  transitory  nature  of  human 
prosperity.  To  enforre  this  reflection,  there- 
fore, on  the  gilded  wall,  was  hung  a  painting, 
representing  the  deserted  and  solitary  Marius 
musing  amid  the  ruins  of  Carthage. 

1  will  merely  add,  before  1  leave  this  magnifi< 
cent  afMkTtment,  that  the  seats  were  inlaid  vrith 
tortoise  shell  and  ivory  ;  the  tables  were  of 
wood,  supported  by  masnre  silver 
itra  ;  and  on  a  stand,  made  for  the  purpose, 
was  a  bronxe  lamp  of  a  very  curious  design, 
from  ^gina,  representing  the  festival  called 
the  Kcphaistia: — 


TliM  Ureb  n»,  alMfc,  from  h»oi  lo  hand^ 
'  B]r(Bg  fOMka  UmnMoLl  Uie  tklaiog  bnad. 


■  The  burners,  so  to  speak,  were  three  small 
statues  of  young  men  in  a  raoning  position, 
each  bearing  a  torch ;  and  at  the  goal  stood  a 


80 


STONBttBNOK;  OS, 


sih-cr  vase,  whicJi  seemed  the  prize  for  vhieh 
they  contL-ndcd,  but  vrliieh  was,  indeed,  Uis 
receptacle  for  oil.  As  k>  many  writers,  tna 
I^ato  downward,  hare  made  alliuion  to,  and 
moralised  upon,  this  torch  race,  it  is  not  to  be 
supposed  that  Seneca  would  have  pa&sed  it 
oTtr  in  silcRCC ;  accordingly  the  base  mi 
inscribed  witJi  tliia  rerae  from  Lucretius : — 

Indt  brtri  apktio  toDUuitur  •■cla  aoiinuilaiii. 
El  qnui  CariorM  riui  lampulik  ituIudi. 

OK  ur.K.  ^^T.  til.  it,  ».  77. 

This  portion  of  Seneca's  house  whidi  I  htre 
dcRcribed,  together  with  the  oic  or  wingi. 
which  were  smaller  apartments  on  each  aide  of 
tlie  atrium  devoted  principally  to  the  use  of 
visitors  and  clients  from  the  country,  and  alio 
tlie/tnu'eii  or  pasaages  communicating  with  the 
interior  of  the  house,  were  considered  pabBc; 
and  a  husirr  ict-nis  tlinn  was  displayed  hereof 
a  morning  can  hsnllv  be  imagined.  As  sow 
as  it  was  light,  the  ostiarius  threw  open  tfe 
f;ates — the  crier  proclaimed  that  doles  verc 
ready  for  the  needy — and  in  an  instant  the 
]jorttco  and  vestibule  were  crowded  with 
suppliants  for  alms,  bearing  little  baskets  called 
aportnia. 


BRITAIN. 


Id  joatice  to  Senccn,   I    vrould    observe,  in 
ling,  thftt  hia  liberality  hu  becti  the  theme 
of  JuTenal's  commetutations  :^ 


Ntato  ptiil,  Moilicu  ^m  BJUrbaalsr  (Miclf, 
A  Sena* 

For  BODc  eipcci  «bo  in  lk«c  bad  tiuM  lira, 
IW  dak*  uliicb  Sanccm  <nu  vMit  lo  pit. 

JUT.  MT.,*,  109. 


L 

■  While  tlie  dispemiiitors    were    dealing    out 
H  tlicae  doles,  wtiich  were  by  no  means  restricted 

■  to  the  necesMtous,  tlie  atrium  and   tablinuoi 
V  begwi  to  be  crowded  willi  clieikla  aiid  cuurticn : 

ud  M  Svticcu  waa  jtut  now  in  the  xeiiitli 
vof  his  proaperity,  and  ihaired,  with  )uj  friend 
BBurrbus,  the  highcHt  oflioea  in  the  state,  few 
J^  penotis  of  conse<iuence  in  Rome  were  absent 
firotn  his  levee.  His  more  intimate  friends 
were,  however,  conducted  to  the  peritljfle, 
whither  we  shall  follow  them,  as  it  will  afford 
us  an  introduction  to  the  domestic  part  of  the 
bouM. 

The  PerUtyk  was  a  kind  of  court,  surrounded 
by  a  colonnade.  It  somewhat  rcacmbled  the 
atrium,  but  was  much  larger,  embnciDg  not 
only  the  widtli  of  that  apartment,  but  al»o  of 
the  aUc  on  either  side:    its  widiJi,  however, 


32 


stonsrbnob;  or. 


eon«<lenbty  exceeded  its  length.  The  floor 
was  made  of  opua  aiffmnuM  or  temelated  lilei, 
brought  from  Si^ia  ;  and  the  vnJls  were  ele- 
gantly pdintcil  ill  fresco :  but  tite  heftuty  of  the 
peristyle  consisted  in  twenty-four  lofty  Conn- 
thicn  columns  of  Pitrian  marble,  wliich  support- 
ed the  niof  I  whose  snovry  formi  verc  treaw- 
lously  mirrored  in  n  reservoir  in  tJie  centre  of 
the  apartment.  In  the  midst  of  this  rcservor 
a  fountain  iiuued  from  a  marhle  statue  of  Iris; 
the  water  proceeding  from  tlie  extended  hanil 
iif  the  graceful  f^ddess.  »nd  fulling  upon  htr 
in  a  shower  of  spray,  wliich,  when  lighted  up  b; 
the  sunbettms,  appeare<)  like  her  own  rainbow. 
Here  let  us  pause,  and  cnnuder  what  muu 
liare  been  the  eoup-d'ail  of  the  whole  ;  for  tbe 
whole  might  have  been  cxi>osed  to  view  at  OM 
time,  by  drawing  aside  the  curtains  ia  front  ef 
the  tablinuin,  and  opening  the  folding  door*  it 
the  back  !  Let  the  reader  in  imagination  win- 
der ajnid  the  grove  of  columns,  and  conten- 
plate  the  beauty  of  the  statues  and  painting)^ 
of  the  urns  and  votes ;  let  him  in  (ancy 
review  the  glittering  throng  whicli  threaded 
(his  gorgeous  maze,  and  mark  the  stately  fi>nB 
of  the  purple-robed  senator — the  gay  drea  of 
the  polished  courtier — the  white  gown  of  tlw 


THE    BUUAS'S    IN    BBITAIN. 


33 


P 


oHMquious  client— the  futtasUc  L'ostume  of  the 
&r-trarrUfld  ambasKador  —  utd  ttic  brilUant 
livery  of  the  Moorish  footmen,— mU)  mingling^ 
bU  in  living  motion ! — he  may  then  form  sumt 
idea  of  the  scnsationa  witi)  which  Claudia 
behtltl  this  blaze  of  niagiiificciico,  contrasted, 
u  it  wu  in  her  mind,  with  the  rimpUdty 
or  rude  decorations  of  tlie  while  Aokw  .' 

Dazzlod  by  the  splendour  of  the  jilate  in^l 
treasures,  the  pictured  walls,  the  TjTian 
tapestry,  the  gilded  octting,  and  the  nurble 
floors ;  in  vain  her  overpowered  sij;ht  sought 
for  repose.  The  blue  sky  above  her  was  too 
bright — the  fountain  too  sparkling ! — She  was 
intoxicated  with  beautv ! 


o  3 


34  nOKXHBIMBi  OB, 


CHAPTER  III. 

PrUBan*  ad  «■«■,  da  BaribwHltia*  flM 
QiuMtia.    flnot  firit  mttoi.'  ywrt  powtdrt  igri 
Ji^M  ?  qottn  nnlta  mguqne  panipdde  cMatt 

JDV.  Ilk  141. 

Ftnt  u  to  Ui  wEilA  let  n*  loqaln 
How BUf  Nnnaii  4om  htfcadaadhfaaf 
muw«haMi»-btaUiA!    Hew*MbillMl 
What  Btyle  affect — what  lOTti  of  lappen  pre ! 

Till  this  we  know  out  qarllioiK  we  defer 

Al  to  hit  life  and  moral  cbaraetcr. 

In  the  preceding  chapter  we  have  attempted 
a  brief  description  of  the  luxury  which  wu 
displayed  to  the  casual  visitor,  at  Seseca's 
palace :  we  will  now  briefly  describe  some 
of  the  less  public  apartments,  coaimenciiig  with 
one  of  the  triclinia,  or  dining-rooms.  Seueca'i 
mansion  had  different  tricUnia  and  suites  of 
apartments  adapted  for  the  diSierent  seasoni 
of  the  year  ;*  bat,  as  the  summer  triclinium 

*  Nee  semC  Natura  Ticei ;  hie  Sirius  alget, 
Bruma  tepet ;  Teranmque  dumui  ilbi  temperat  iddhm. 
Slat.  SUv.  Lib.  I.  2.  IM. 


THS    ROUAKS   IN    BRITAIN. 


:i5 


happened  to  t>e  in  use  «t  the  time  of  Claudia's 
nrrival,  we  vhaJI  select  tKu  fur  descnpdun; 
merely  premising  itiftt  it  wm  np|iru|)riut«d  to 
tbHt  ceuon  oil  itccouiit  of  its  coolness,  in  ounM* 
quen<:e  of  its  having  m  norLliem  ss]>e>ct. 

This  room  wm  cullctl  the  Achilles,  on  ac- 
count of  the  wiUh  being  ornsmented  with 
pnintings,  reprewiiting  tlie  sceneii  which 
Homer  luu  to  inimitably  described  in  his  I8th 
Iliftd,  u  biing  cinboHHcd  on  that  hero's  shield. 
Thus,  on  oite  wall  were  jinLfited  two  cities— the 

I 'one  tlie  emblem  of  war,  tlte  oUter  of  peace. 
Ill  the  former,  tlie  nuptial  train  winding  along 
the  streets  with  ciieerful  pompt  and  the 
crowded  cnurt  of  jastioe  vrhere  the  elders  sat 
on  their  primitive  judgment  seats  of  stone, 
repres«nted  the  peaceful  occupations  of  ptem- 
sure  and  business.  In  the  latter,  a  ferocious 
troop,  led  on  by  Mars  and  I'alUs,  was  seen 
springing  out  of  an  smbuah  ujKin  some  flocks 
and  herdi,  driven  by  two  shepherds,  who  were 

■  utisusfiedingly  beguiUug  tiuir  way  witli  their 
Pandfeeii  pipes.  Here  the  mangled  caroasea  of 
the  cattle,  and  the  ruin  and  devastation  omand, 
IKHirtrayed  lite  miseries  of  war. 

■  On  Hie  opposite  wall  were  paintvd  a  harvest 
m  Boenv,  Mid  a  vintage,    lu  the  former  were  de- 


ad 


STONBnBNCS;  OB, 


picted  the  rustic  tord,  and  his  labonren,  rap- 
ing, and  women  and  cliildrcti  collecting  the 
falling  cont  into  sheaves ;  while,  in  the  ilistincri 
biisy  matrons  were  employed  in  preparing  dw 
harvest  feast  under  an  oak. 

The  latter  represented  the  gnthering  in  of 
the  Tintage ;  the  luscious  clutters  hnnginf  in 
tempting  profu-^on,  and  n  train  of  gnceAil 
yMutliii,  with  light  baskets  on  their  beadi, 
plucking  them. 

Other  scenes  of  a  similar  nature  were  deli- 
neated on  different  compartments  of  tlie  othtr 
walla :  a  Dffidaltan  dance  was  depicted  ia 
marble  mosaics  un  the  floor;  and  the  domed 
ceiling,  coloured  aKuie,  and  bespangled  with 
^old,  represented  the  moonlight  scene  m  beeu- 
tilully  described  by  the  poetf — 

'     Thr  moon  complrislf  round. 
TtiK  aurry  llf[hu  lh>i  Hmoo'*  liifb  c«aT#i  <ran1d  ■. 
Tlii^  FIri«l>,  *nil  Hyai]*,  wiih  the  norlbcTB  Uaai. 
Apd  gmil  Orion'*  more  Ttriilfenl  btmai 
Ta  wliicli,  uruund  the  »xi\e  of  (h«  tkjr, 
Tli«  bear  rnToking;  pointi  hli  soMen  eye, 
sun  iliinM  onlud  on  til'  KlhcrUI  pUIn, 
Not  luUirt  bii  bitting  rnrehciid  in  the  luun. 

P»rt*t  It.,  s*  1 1 1. 

The  doors  of  this  elegant  apartment  were  of 
cedar,  with  btazen  binges  and  irory  haodUi; 


TUB    ROUANS    IN     DMITAIN. 


A7 


I 


the  windowTs  were  gtazed,  (if  I  may  be 
klloired  the  expression)  with  the  transparciit 
stone,  caMedphfTtffitet,  which  had  rcry  recenUy 
been  discovered  in  Capadocia.* 

The  triclinium  was  divided  into  two  parts, 
tiie  upper  part  being  occupied  with  the  t«hle, 
knd  three  couches,  from  which  it  derived  its 
liuDe  ;  and  the  lower  part  being  appropriated 
to  the  use  of  the  attcndantt.  The  dinner  table 
e.-(hibitod  a  matchleju  apecinien  of  the  costly 
citron  wood,  the  beautiful  graining  of  which 
,ed  to  represent  the  spotted  skin  of  a 
ither.t  It  was  supported  at  each  end  bjr 
one  of  these  animals  in  a  salient  attitude,  w 
czqitintely  carved  in  ivory  as  to  appear  to  be 
a«»erting  iu  right  to  partake  of  the  feast.J 
This  inimitable  piece  of  sculpture  was  the  pro- 
duction of  the  famous  Mentor's  chisel.||  The 
couches  which  embraced  tlircc  sides  of  it,  were 
overlaid  with  tortoise  shell  and  gold,  and  would 
accommoditte  forty  persons:  they  were  cover- 
ed witli  euabions  of  rich  Babylonian  embroidery, 
and  canopied  by  a  kind  of  awning  of  purple, 

•ni».  NaL  lliM.Lib.xiXT),  e,  33. 
(TImm  ubtt*  wtf«  brpcc  ulld  I'snUierlMC,  PUd.  N.  U. 

us.  srii.c.  1>. 
JJnv.  SM.SI.  Its. 
B  JiiT.  S«l>  VIM.  104,  nraiiM  McntonnedMi. 


3S 


STONEHBNaB;    OR, 


fringed  with  festoons  of  pearls.     The  loweT 
I)art  of  the  room  xna  orntmentetl  with  three 
magnificent  vasen  of  Corinthian  hrnss. 

Or  one  Hide  of  the  triclinium  a  pair  of  fbU- 
ing  doors  opened  upon  the  garden ;  and,  oo 
another  side,  iras  the  pacina,  or  fish-pond. 
Reserving  b  more  ample  description  of  ■ 
Roman  garden  for  another  opportunitVi  vt 
vili  at  present  onljr  observe,  that  flower  bedi 
filled  the  middle  spnce,  nnd  that  on  esch  side 
was  m  colonnade,  witli  trellJa  work  nupporting 
vines,  so  as  to  form  a  shadj-  walk  in  tlie 
sDramer.  The  wall  opposite  the  tridinitm 
was  painted  in  tlic  style  called  opua  lopiarivm; 
by  which  tlie  object  represented  was  risible  at 
A  certain  distance,  but  on  a  nearer  approach 
ranished  into  nnmcaning  dashes  of  colour- 
On  this  wall  was  rcprc-icnted  a  thick  grore  of 
trees,  apparently  of  such  on  extent  as  only  Is 
be  bimndcd  by  the  horixon ;  and  in  the  midst 
was  a  rude  grotto,  whose  gloom  was  )i;;hted  ufi 
by  the  airy  form  of  the  goildess  Egcria,  and 
the  sparklings  of  what  appeared  to  be  a  small 
natural  cascade  issuing  from  tlte  grotto.  Tbe 
goddess  seemed  in  the  act  of  dictating  to  ■ 
person,  who  was  lintening  with  great  attention. 
the  robutit  proportions  of  whose  6gure  were 


THE    ROUAN8    IN    BBtTAIN. 


S9 


veil  oontTftatcd  with  the  dcltoatc  shape  of  this 

rung  'Aurora  uf  the  ftir". 
The  pUeinOt  or  fuh-pool,  which,  u  we  have 
stated,  wu  nnutlier  ot>j«ct  visible  firoin  the 
onfoldcd  doom  of  th«  Kumtnffr  tncliniuiD,  wu 
a  mkrble  resen'oir.  surroutided  by  a  colonnade 
of  Corinthiftit  columns.  On  one  of  the  walls 
wu  painted  the  story  of  Arion,  as  related  by 
llerodotuB  ;*  the  hero  st&nding  on  the  declc  of 
s  veiwcl,  with  hia  harp  in  his  band,  aoudst  the 
•avage  crew  intent  upon  bis  deatli ;  while 
above  the  foaming  Hurges  appeared  the  saga- 
cious looking  head  of  the  dolphin  destined  to 
be  his  deliverer. 

»As  the  court  of  the  piscina  very  much  re- 
•enbled  the  peristyle,  except  that  it  was  much 
larger,  wc  &haU  only  add,  that  the  fisbpool 
tremulously  mirrored  a  marble  statue  of  Nar^ 
ciatus,  cootemplatiog  hima^  in  the  water. 

»11ie  piscina  communicated  with  Seneca's 
liaths,  which  would,  indeed,  demand  a  descrip- 
tion, hat  we  shall  have  occauon,  in  a  nib- 
sequent  diapter,  to  notice  the  polilic  baths; 
tirom  which  they  nther  different  in  extent, 
than  in  tlie  costly  nature  of  their  decorations. 


•  Uvrod.  I.  c  U. 


40 


stoneuengb;  ott, 


Here  was  the  same  nltematian  of  T/gypdm 
iklfttMister,  and  bUck  Nunii<liiiii  marbU  t  At 
same  vAriety  of  tcs»clat«cl  genui ;  the  Mine  pro- 
fusion of  Htxtuea  &ti(l  oolamiia ;  the  s^nie  nhs 
pipes  Htid  niunnuiing  waters.*  Nor  of  covM 
was  forgotten,  what  wu  conndered  an  almoit 
indiapensable  a<ljunct  to  the  hatha,  an  anple 
library  piled  up  with  books  to  the  very  roo&t 

Having  thus  described  t)ie  principal  apMt- 
nienta  in  tl)ia  magnifitTent  house,  we  would  o^ 
serve,  that  tJie  domestic  establishment  perftctly 
corresponded  with  it ;  and  when  we  coosenl  to 
^vc  the  number  of  domestks,  it  is  with  die 
express  stijiulatton  that  we  shall  not  be  calld 
ui)on  to  define  their  employment. 

With  this  understanding  we  proceed  to 
the  gentle  reader,  that  there  were  no  less  I 
6vc  hundred  serranta,  lircedmcn,  and  sUv 
Sencca'scstablishmcnt  at  Komel(E)  Incrediblt 
OS  this  number  may,  at  fint  sight,  appear,  tte 
marvel  will  much  diminish,  when  we  take  into 
consideration  some  of  the  customs  of  the  Bo- 
mnns  in  relation  to  this  subject.  Tlieir  apart- 
ments being  !io  public,  and  thdr  most  valnaUe 
treasures  being  constantly  exposed,  tfactri 

'  Stnnm,  V.pltu  gfi. 

>^8enr«:  DtTnaq.  Aalml.c.11.1.7. 


THE   MOMA.VB    IN    BStTAIX. 


41 


lb  nctcd  &4  «  body  of  police  in  guarding 
pDpcTty,  and  were  stationed  in  oonsidcsw 
nambcn  aboot  tlie  different  spartmcDts 
which  we  have  described.  Nor  wcm  their 
datiea  reitricted  to  the  dajr  ;  every  chamber  of 
importance  had  its  gtuinl  by  night,  and  each 
private  msniiiun  had  a  complete  fire  cstablish- 
nwnt  aitncbed  to  iL  11ie  epicurum  of  the 
Romans  wm  such,  too,  as  to  em[doy  almost  a 
regiment  of  cooki ;  each  dining*room,  and,  in- 
deed, in  tome  housea,  each  coarse  of  an  enter> 
taiiimetit  having  a  separata  suit  of  servants.* 
Nor  were  tlicre  fewer  persons  employed  about 
their  hatha,  than  in  their  kitchens  ;  nor  in 
carrying  their  litters,  than  in  ministering  tt 
I  their  baths. 

Their  lilirarieit,  too,  with  their  libnrinns, 
*nd  secrotanes,  and  copyists,  and  clerks,  em- 
ployed as  many  (>crsons  as  a  small  printing- 
office. 

It  must  also  be  borne  in  mind,  that  almost 
all  tiie  necessaries,  and  a  great  many  of  tlie 
luxuries  of  life,  were  manufscturcd  witliin  tlie 
walls  of  u  Roman  cstubtishment,  which  often 
oun  tallied   as   many   works  hui>s   as     a     small 


*  StMci  Dt  CouUsUi  Skfltaii*,  Mp,  M. 


4» 


arONKHRNOE  ;    Oft, 


villige :  nor  waa  the  supply  of  such  wticki 
limited  to  the  home  consumption,  bat  a  hrgi 
income  was  sometimes  dcrired  frorn  the  tale  at 
the  surplus  stock. 

With  thcs«  lew  brief  liints,  I  must  now  tnil 
myself  of  my  stipulation;  nor  through  my  cu- 
liusity  encounter  what  seemt  so  much  to  hare 
molested  some  jiersons,  v'lx  : — the  crabbediw 
of  tlie  oolicliiiien ;  the  petulance  uf  the  prifatB 
perruquiers ;  the  tloggedneas  of  the  door- 
kDC]>en ;  tlie  negleot  of  the  nomenclators  ;  the 
vagabondism  of  the  valets,  and  what  vu, 
perhaps,  worse  than  all}  tlie  garrulity  of  the 
Ureek  copyists! 

Such  M  we  have  described,  was  the  splem 
in  which  Seneca  lived  at  Uome,  at  the 
of  our  history.  Such  was  the  magnificence  to 
which  Claudia  was  introduced.  The  pateraal 
care  of  her  guardian,  however,  pro^Hded,  that 
she  should  be  nithor  a  spectator,  than  a  pai- 
takcr  of  tix  dissipalions  which  surrounded 
her  I  for  she  was  carefully  kept  from  the  ritist- 
ingstmusplicrc  of  the  court,  and  waa  not  allowed 
to  associate  with  the  voluptuaries  who  danced 
attendance  upon  Seneca.  Nor  was  this  aa 
unnecessary  precaution ;  for  the  most  unbridled 
licentiousness,  at  this  time,  pervaded  all  claue* 


'^3 

peiuw 


I 


THE    ROUANi    IK     BBtTAI.V. 

U  Ronctc:     the   fla^tious   rhancter  of    Nero 

liATing  ju«t  begun  to  tlevelope  itaelf;  uid  bU 
courticra  bcjng  been  advanced  in  n/jtX  laroiir, 
preciMlf  in  propurtion  to  their  matarity  in  vice. 
It  wu  from  k  sense  of  tbe  dangers,  to  wliicb 
tba  wtnild  linrc  been  exposed,  if  facr  real  situi- 
tiun  had  Iwcomc  known,  that  her  British  naoie 
van  exchanged  for  a  Roman  one  lesa  likely  to 
attract  attention. 

The  youth  and  modesty,  as  ircll  as  good 
senac  of  Claadia,  were  not  unfavourable  to 
this  dcainblc  obscuiity :  and  Seneca's  views 
were  farther  proaioted  by  the  inatemsl  pra- 
denoe  of  Polla.  and  the  attention)  of  Lucaa 
and  his  wife ;  who  softened  every  denial,  and 
made  Claudia  sensible  of  the  propriety  of  their 
ooaduot,  and  tiic  kindness  of  their  utobves. 
Ttib  propriety,  and  this  kindness,  will  be 
better  appreciated  by  the  reader,  as  the  narra- 
tji-c  advances  ;  in  the  mean  time,  wc  must  bcj[ 
of  bini  to  resign  our  heroine  to  the  care  of 
Her  considerate  guardians,  and  to  accept  our 
offer  to  introduce  him  to  acciics  and  persons 
forbidden  lier  to  visit.  Nor  must  he  tliink  an 
episode  relative  to  the  fates  and  fortunes  of 
SenccB  wholly  irrelevant;  for  we  assure  him, 
that  in  the  machinery  of  life,  as  in  that  of  wind> 


44 


BTONBIIENGB  ;    OR, 


mills,  a  lnrg«  wheel  turns  a  smaller,  u  often  u 
a  smnll  uiie  does  n  larger ! 

Witli  tliiti  profound  reflection,  worthy  of  tlie 
immortiil  moralist,  SMicho  Panxa,  or  the  saga- 
cious Sam  Weller,  who  also  delighted  in  the 
discover)-  of  "  veels  vitliiii  veela,"  we  resuine 
our  narrfttire. 

If  wealtli  nnd  honour  could  confer  lupp- 
ness,  iio  iiiaii  had  been  happier  than  Seneca. 
His  riches  were  almost  boundless  ;  he  beldtlie 
highest  civil  offices  in  the  city ;  and  the 
governor  of  the  world  was  his  pupil.  In 
political  wisdom  he  was  without  a  sujwrior; 
in  science,  literature,  and  philosophy,  he  vn 
without  an  equal — and  he  was  esteemed  the 
muter  of  eloquence.  It  would  becontnrylO 
tlie  experience  of  all  ages,  however,  to  sappoM 
that  in  any  court,  particularly  in  one  so  noto- 
riously profligate  as  that  of  Nero,  Seneca  covii 
enjoy  this  giddy  emiTicnce,  unmolested.  Hii 
attainments  were  humiliating  to  his  court 
nvals,  while  his  virtues  were  their  constant  re- 
proach. They,  therefore,  endeavoured  to  iostii 
into  the  breast  of  Nero,  a  jealousy  of  thoie 
attainments,  nnd  an  impattcnce  of  the  rcstnint 
imposed  upon  him  by  tliose  virtues  ;  and  wh3e 
they  were  thus  undermining  his  influence^  they 


mK    BOUANS    IN     BBITAIX. 

^took  care  to  strengthen  tlicir  own  by  Bktterinj; 
the  Emperor's  v&nity,  tmd   pandering  to  hU 
■vices. 

It  VM  the  happiness   of  Seneca  to  hvrt 

Burrhus  for  ■  collengue  in  die   aiiministration 

of  pubUc  affairs.     Seneca  managed  tltc  civil, 

Hknd    Burrlius  the  miliury  dcpaitment.    They 

hftd  been  usodated  in  the  tutorage  of  Xero ; 

were  equally  exalted,  and  cnduwed  with  equal 

Bbnt  different   talents,      Thcjr   now,  says    tlie 
BKoman    tiistoriaii,     exhibited    the     isre   but 
Hedifying  spectacle  of  equality,  wtUiout  rivalry ; 
H  tlieir  only  eniulatiou  apiwrrnlly  being  in  their 
mutual    endearoura    to  excel  each   other    in 
■  eliciting  the  virtues,  and  controling  tlie  vices 
^  of  the  Emperor,  and  generally  in  promoting  the 
adrantsge  of  the  state."  Iliiticrto  their  identity 
B  of  purpose,  and  their  reciprocal  friendship,  had 
'      mainiained   (>otli  in  their  high  and  much  as- 
sailed situations ;  hut  now,  the  base  Tigcllinus, 
the  most   execrable   of  all    Nero's   detestable 
H  courtiers,  having   headed  the  detractors   who 
were    endesvouring    to   siip]>bnt   them,  their 
efforts  were  more  successful. 

Burrhus  being  selected  for  their  first  victim, 
ihejr  [Hvvailed  upon  the  Km|>cror  to  have  him 


"fW.  Anaulih.xiii.  t,!. 


STONEEIENQE;    OB, 

aea  ^  poisoned ;  and  thus  the  way  was  pre- 
pared for  the  overthrow  of  Seneca.  The  cha- 
racters of  the  courtiers,  however,  and  the  effect 
which  their  villnnw  had  upon  Seneca's  future 
life,  and  upon  the  fortunes  of 

our  heroine,  -x  understood  after  an 

introdudioQ  al  tahle,   whither  vt 

hope  to  have  ir  of  conducting  the 

reader. 


THE    nOUAKS    IK    DRITAIK. 


I 


47 


CHAPTER  IV. 

Mjr  mrst  (hill  all  roioe  in,  in  tndioti  abvlll, 

Ditliu  o(  agito  wl  in  goM,  ind  ituddcd 

W>Ui  vnivmliU,  Mpjilurvt,  tiyulntlii,  and  robie*. 

Tbr  tong<i*^  of  mrpfi,  ilurniirti  aaJ  CHitirli'  btcJi, 

Boil'd  in  ibc  spirit  oF  >o1,  nnil  itiatoWd  prarl, 

Aplciut'i  did,  'gMMl  Ihc  rpilcp>y  : 

And  I  will  (HI  llirie  broili',  witli  »[n>oni  of  urabcr 

Hcadrd  wilh  iTintnunil  iti'l  ciic)>uncli^. 

Mj  foot- boy  ilinll  Ml  pfacainnli,  culvcr'd  ulniaoa. 

Kmim,  itodnlls,  lamprey*.    1  myaclf  vlll  Imva 

Th*  bnnl*  of  burbclii  «irrrrd,  irii>(*-*d  of  <il(d«i 

Oikd  mutbroumt,  nnd  tbv  •wtllinit  iincIUDUi  ptpi 

Of  m  fit  prcgnint  low,  nrwljr  cut  olf, 

Drett  witli  An  uquiiitc,  ind  pojgiunl  lauctf  ( 

Fat  obich  I'll  Uij  uiilo  my  (ook,  Itett'i  S»td, 

Gt/atlh  aiul6t(i  Jtmlgil. 

■EK  lONion**  ALCHIMIlt. 


Aa  Nero's  court  became  dsu]y  more  corrupt 
nd  pro6igate,  and  Seneca's  inilueiice  pro- 
Ortionabl^  waned,  his  visits  to  the  palace  I>e- 
less  frequent,  and  were  ratlier  lliuse  of 
minister  than  of  the  courtier.  One  nioni- 
;,  however,  he  received  an  invitation  to  par- 


48 


STONKnBNCB;    OR, 


tkke  of  tlie  imperial  banquet,  coucbcd  In  tenu 
of  tucli  utiu'onted  cordiality  as  to  render  it 
impoH!*il>le  to  decline ;  although  it  made  bitn, 
who  well  knen*  his  master's  treachery,  trenUt 
At  the  price  which  he  would  have  to  pay  Ac 
the  compliment.  Ill  as  he  augured,  his  antki- 
pations  fell  far  short  of  iLc  cruel  rrality,  u 
will  be  seen  in  tlic  sHjuel :  in  the  nacantiBM, 
it  is  permitted  an  many  of  my  readers  aa  ehogte 
tu  accompany  Itim  and  Lucan  to  tlic  rojil 
table ;  wherv,  if  they  are  not  so  much  gnttfieJ 
a)  Sir  Mammon  Kpieure  would  have  been,  il 
will  not  be  for  want  of  cillicr  novelty  or  abw»> 
dance  in  tlie  provuiona. 

To  prevent  disappointment,  it  may  be  well 
to  state  tliut  the  entertainment  being  sumewliit 
more  sumptuous  tlian  ordinary,  the  time  BUB- 
tioned  in  the  noteit  of  invitation  is  two  o'clock— 
an  liour  earlier  than  usual. 

The  guests  were  introduced  to  the  Empcfot 
in  the  [Hscina,  where  they  found  him  leaniif 
over  tlic  omrbic  edge  of  an  artificia!  lake, 
abounding  with  fish,  having  in  his  h»nd  a  kind 
of  landing  net,  the  network  of  which  was  cd 
purple  and  sicarlet  silken  cords,  the  hoop  boag 
of  gold.*  It  is  not  worth  white  to  describe  his 
*  Sun.  Ill  Ntnin*  30. 


THB    ROMANS    IK    BBITAIK. 


49 


itae;  for  altliough  it  wu  new,  that  morning, 

of  tbe  most  splendid  description,  it  yna 

tie  ouuisc  of  luJf  an  hour  Ibid  aside  for  bis 

tiv&l  garb,  andfifvcr  ogain  resumed;  it  beiag 

custom  not  to  wi-ar  luiy  garment  twkc* 

|tbey  entered,  Nero  was  just  in  the  act  of 

Dg,  with  the  assistance  of  liis  axtendanta, 

fish  called  a  mullet ;  which,  on  being 

tken  out  of  tl)e  water,  was  placed  on  a  table 

Vre  him,  tliat  ho  might  hnvc  tl»e  gnUt6emtioa 

etng  it  die !  He  Bpi>e»red  to  bang  orcr  tbe 

6ab  with  ecstjui)*,  to  mark  tbe  nixing 

nlours  as  life  was  ebbing. 

Wh*l  radiaal  ch>ngct  (lrik«  Ihc  utooithtd  ugte, 
Wbtf  e[cmio$  biM  o(  ■bgled  *k^c  Md  Ufki ! 
Not  equal  bcBUtiai  gilil  ilw  lueU  nA, 
Witli  lurUng  btaaa  all  o'tt  protaMljr  itwt'A  i 
Not  lortllvr  eal»nr*  fainl  the  T«ra*l  davB, 
When  orient  iIfwb  imprarl  Oi'tammalt^  ksat 
Thaa  fcotn  bii  liilci  io  brigbl  lulkilaa  lovi 
That  now  with  gM  ccapyrcal  acemM  ■«  fto*! 
Nuw  la  ptllucid  tapjihim  bcvi  iW  (lew. 
And  rmulaM  the  aoft  wlcatlal  boei 
Now  bcuD  a  BaminB  crimwa  oo  llw  tj*. 
And  DO*  aHunc  Ibr  piirplr'i  dnrprr  dyr- 

Eeneca  and  Lucan  were  bedconed  to  draw 
,r,  and  were  congratulated  by  tbe  ooait  lycv- 


•  SmC  Id.  Neraoe.  3*. 


VOL.   II. 


so 


BTON'KBKNOe  ;   OR, 


pliAiits,  on  their  being  in  time  to  enjoy  mohi 
ruriithing  Hpcietacle.  "Each  of  the  oounitn 
delivered  a  funeral  oration  over  the  poor  •» 
nuil,  contriving,  of  course;,  to  introduce  aoa» 
(ar-fctclied  ftiUonM!  flattery  to  the  Empenr. 
One  even  nugur«d  from  i(,  that  >■  it  lay  roUiiif 
on  its  linny  side,  even  ro  should  our  friend 
Arvinigus  roll  ahout  in  tlie  duit  in  Iiis  scythed 
chariot  I 

Sr«  iliK  mighty  omen.  *te  > 
lie  cnn.cir  «ome  ntaatrioiii  rfctocy '. 
Snmccitplin  Kinfr  lbf«fat>  a*wlorri*hatl(n>o4 
Or,  from  hU  Drititb  eliiiriai  liMdltwg  Ilica*a, 
Till!  proud  A)T>r>gu*  eaiat  luinbliag  dow*. 

Many  of  the  specehcs  were  ingenious,  •) 
so  harrcn  a  subject  necessarily  exercised  lit 
speaker's  invention  ;  but  none  of  them  wat 
so  ingcniotu  as  is  the  poet  Juvenal's  kdift- 
tation  of  them  to  the  courtiers  of  his  ityf 
nor  were  any  of  tliem  lo  sensible  »>  tbow 
which  were  mode  by  Seneca  and  Lucan  to  CK^ 
other,  in  an  under  voice,  on  the  occasion. 

"  Who  among  these,"  whispered  Seiwa. 
**  would  watch  so  patiently  over  a  dying  fririiJ. 
as  they  do  over  a  cl)'ing  fish  !t" 

•  Vid.  JuTTiulia,  Sill.  IV. 

I  Seooc.  Natur.Qa«Bt.Ub.  III.  c  17  &  10. 


Till    BOUANB    IV    DRITAtN. 


51 


Lucnn's  reflection  was  more  poetica] — perhups 
more  prophetic. 

■  "The  ever  varying  hoes,  which  have  luc- 
ceedcd  each  other  so  rapidly,"  uJd  he,  "  and 
htve  now  subsided  into  one  dull,  indifferent 
grey,  are  like  the  fitful  changes  of  life,  m  soon 
to  be  succeeded  and  effaced  by  the  one  nn- 
meaning  hue  of  death  I" 

K  To  ifcU  coinpmioB  we  iD«t  Mine  it  luL 

Nero  interrupted  the  eloquence  of  lii*  Mtcl- 
lites,  as  soon  as  the  poor  creature  had  felt  it* 
Uat  pang,  by  hurrying  them  to  the  tridimum, 
saying,  that  if  tbey  lingered  in  the  Pisdna,  the 
6ah  would  be  sp<Hlt.*  Thkbcr,  therefore,  the 
party  hutCDed,  and  found  the  room  bfilUantly 
iUuroinatcd,  with  ooloured  lunpa  duitering 
amid  wreaths  of  flowers,  which  twined  around 
the  colomnii,  and  bung  in  festoons  from  tlic 
dellDg.  The  table  was  United  with  uUirr 
lainps  firoiD  Egina,  of  the  roost  ekgant  designs. 
A^  soon  as  they  were  seated,  iloofish  boys 
vent  round  sniong  the  guests,  and  poarcd 
snow-water  over  their  btadi,  aad  pmtA  Aar 
tuc-nails,  di^itig  sU  the  lias  th*y  *»•  pcy- 


^««k< 


52 


stonbuenge;  or, 


forming  their  task,  which  they  executed  intb 
n&rr^oua  dexterity. 

Among  the  party,  besides  Seneca  and  Lueui, 
were  Otho,  Galba,  and  \'itellius,  all  of  «ho« 
aftenvards  had  a  taste  of  the  icnperial  {tower: 
Piso,  who  subsequently  originated  a  conqitnn 
a|;ainst  Nero ;  Tigellinus,  and  Petronius  Artiittr, 
vho  has  left  us  a  minute  account  of  the  eoto- 
tainment,  which  tlie  reader  will  find  toagre^ia 
all  material  circumstances,  with  our  own. 

The   feast  began   with  a  vessel    filled  irA 
metheglin,  being  handed  round  to   tlie  gunbi  i 
together  with  tu-o  silver  salreni,  one  containiigj 
roast    dormice,   with    a   snuce   of   honey  aixf 
pepper,  and  the  otlier  a  Brilinh  bosket  dindedl 
into  two  compsrtoients,  coDtaining  respectirelT  { 
black  and  white  olivca,    Tlir^c  liltle  stimuUnU  I 
were   varied    by  mn    accompaniment  of   hetj 
sausages,  served  up  on  a  silver  gridiron,  and  ■ 
dish  of  large  damsons,  from  which  the  stona 
had  been  extracted,  and  their  [^aces  supjiliel 
with  tlie  kernels  of  pomegranates. 

This  preliminary  coarse  had  proceeded  iboi 
far  in  llie  Emperor's  absence,  who.  it  appeuit . 
had  l>een  engaged  at  his  toilet;  but  on  iu 
completion  he   was  borne   in   on   a  litter,  M 
closely  packed,  that  only  his  bald  bead  and  ■ 


TMB    ROMANS    IM    BRITAIN'. 

ppet  of  hu  sorlet  tunic  peeped  out  from 
ander  tiia  embroidered  pallium,  wliicti  was 
fiinged  with  purple  tasHcls. 
■  On  alighting,  he  threw  himself  into  an  Btxi- 
tudo  which  displayed  to  great  adnatiga  tW 
omatncnison  his  right  ann,  conuBttngaf  siiali 

» bracelet,  and  ivory  armlet,  fastened 
vrith  a  chain  tirom  which  a  medal  hniif  j 
His  left  arm,  on  which  he  leaned,  wa 
td ;  but  the  hand  was  ornamented  willi  tvariagiy 
uiie  of  gold,  and  the  other  of  the  wMOt  mHai, 
but  most  exquisitely  intcrwroogbt  viti  rtadL  A 
^beautiful  sUve  followed  him,  beafiof  am  jikil 
J^tMhle,  with  crystal  dice,  and  gold  Mai  dacr 
ooantera ;  with  whii^  he  played  iaiawitmifif 
during  the  whole  tncal,  and  contriTed  to  wim 
of  Tigellinus  a  sum  amounting  to  no  tew  tfcia 
i:.1.~f,:).t3  of  our  money.* 

In  the  mean  time,  a  tray  waa  bram^  M 
witli  a  basket  upon  it,  filled  with  wtrrw,  m 
the  Riid&t  of  which  was  an  artificial  1«b  widi 
outatretched  win-;*,  us  if  oorering  ber  brood. 
Music  having  atruck  up,  two  wrraata  be^^ 
itearclung  tlic  Htrnw,  and,  taking  out  aome  pm- 
bcns*  cgga,  oa  tltey  appeared,  diatributcd  tbem 
among  the  company.  ThcM  ^gs,  bovettr, 
■  J^Mdngk*  MiUitl&m. 


ff4 


STOTCEHENOe;   OB, 


turned  out  to  be  made  ufsomc  confectiu.') ; 
wb«ii  opened  wcru  found  Ut  contun  tiic  yoOttt 
an  egg.  well  pc])pcrcd  vi'ith  a  delicate  whestftf 
in  the  centre. 

Tiie  fint  cuurse  being  removed  almott  on- 
tasted,  tlie  relics  were  given  to  be  scrambled  for, 
by  tlic  singers  and  dancen  present;  mad  a  ulvcr 
dish  hnppening  in  the  coiifusiun  to  be  tlirom 
from  the  table,  it  was  ordered  to  be  swept  vnj 
with  tlie  otlter  frngmeiits. 

Two  long-haired  Etbiopian*,  in  the  Em- 
peror's livery  of  green  with  cherry  colnutd 
girdlo,  now  M-uitcd  on  tlie  guests  witli  vinr, 
wberenith  to  wnsli  tlicir  haitdx.  Other  scr* 
vants,  in  the  meantime,  brought  in  some  lafge, 
antique,  double-enrcd  vcMfls  of  gl&ss,  vitk 
mouldy  and  almost  illegible  labels,  wlucb 
hinted  than  expressed,  that  they  coui 
Opimian  naacadine,  a  rich  wine  so  called,  be- 
cause it  had  been  bottled  in  the  cunKuI&h!p  al 
Opinius;  and,  eonsequently,  was  one  hundnd 
and  eighty- two  years  old!  There  wu*  id 
course,  a  great  variety  of  other  vrinen,  autoq 
which  the  prinapnl  were,  tlie  Lesbian,  Ctarn, 
Falernian,  Albanian,   and   Sctinc  wincss* 


■  For  I  bkTe  nlto  liMnl.  prrhipi  Iibtb  tvad 
Their  wiiiH  ot  ScUi.Calt*.  aad  FalitM, 


[OJoi. 


TUB    HOHAN*    IN    DRITAIK.  55 


wai  tlie  famous  Rhctiaii  forgotten,  which  had 
been  the  fiirourite  hevengc  of  Augustus. 
Nero  having  filled,  wiUi  tnuacndtne,  a  magnifi* 
cent  murrhiiie  cup  wlitob  stood  before  htm, 
snd  for  which  lie  lind  tliat  morning  giren 
■erentjr  talents,*  did  Seneca  the  honour  to  pro- 
pose to  the  company,  to  drink  Lo  every  letter  in 
lus  nsiite,  which,  with  tlie  prefixes  Lucius,  An- 
aaua,  would  Inive  admitted  of  eighteen  bum- 
I  rt  but  !>eiieca  in  a  oourtly  speech  decUned 
;  oompliment,  until,  at  least,  tlto  tknperar's 
bod  receired  due  honours,  which  be, 
e,  proposed  should  be  substituted  witli 
fbltowing  adjuncts,  Cbbbst,  Augustus;  to 
which  the  sycophant  TigolUnus,  added  by  way 
of  amendment.  Paler  patrix  /  As  a  fatiguini; 
business  seemed  to  be  awiuting  tbcoi,  the 
voluptuous   Pi»o   touW   Iiis    too    burthcnsomc 

CUm,  knil  Crew,  •n<)  linw  tWjr  qiiait  la  ^lil, 
('rrrtal  *od  MjrrrliUif  ciifii  mibou'd  with  (cnii 
And  ilDdt  of  petrls. 

ParoMi*  RrgmMtil,  B.  IT,  r.  IIC. 

•  jTI V&O.  VM.  I'Un.  Nat  Hit..  Mssvn,  c  3. 

t  MartU  Ibui  aUudn  (a  tbi*  cniton  of  drinkiag  btsl^M  i 
.V«Wa  M  cjmUi  )  •f^fBin  JmitM  lubiur  t 
^■i*fv  hfttui  Lj/<l€  fssfitari  Mi  ttibm. 
Omnit  kb  wfuo  tmmtrttm*  uoica  Palaroo,  Ac 

r^g.  lA.  I,  77. 


56 


avANKBCNOB;  oa. 


rings  from  his  efiieminBte  fingers,  and  hung 
them  on  his  cmbotscd  drinking  cup,*  which 
was  ulrendy  resplendent  with  beryU  and  exae- 
raldti;t  while  the  more  prudent  pert  of  the  eca^ 
puny  provi<lcd  thennselves  with  distilled  water, 
couled  in  snow,  to  allay  the  fever  produced  hj 
the  generous  and  high-Hpiritcd  wines. 

Hie  tedium  of  their  protntcted  toast  WH 
somewhat  alleviated  by  the  exhibition  of  a  sil- 
ver automaton  tumbler,  which  tlircw  itself  into 
a  number  of  singular  atdtndos.  Mc&nwhile  n 
immenae  charger  was  brought  in,  divided  into 
twelve  compartments,  each  of  which  was  m- 
graven  with  one  of  the  signs  of  the  zodiac,  aMJ 
laden  with  something  emblematic  of  the  sign  in 
which  it  was  placed.  Aries,  fur  instance,  had 
some  confection  fashioned  in  the  semblance 
of  a  ram's  head ;  Taurus,  a  piece  of  beef,  Ac: 
and  a  plate  of  herbs,  resembling  ft  green  turf, 
adorned  the  centre,  upon  which  was  lud  a 
honeycomb.  At  the  same  time  a  sin^ng  boj 
earned  round  bread  in  a  silver  ovon. 

This  allegorical  course,  being  rather  curwHii 
than  dainty,  was  soon  discussed ;  the  opfxr 
part  of  the  charger  was  then  taken  off,  amJda 

•  Jur.  Skt.  I.  n. 

I  Jut,  Sit.  V,  v.  98  A  43. 


TUB    ROMANS    IN    BRtTAIN'. 

hunt  of  music,  by  Uie  vrautvrt,  u-lio  aln-nvit 

mov«<l  in  n  kind  of  dandng  step ;  nnd  nhusc 

BexulUinl  ^sIuks  now  slwwcd,  thst  tlicy  were 

B^WUt  to  regale  the  epicures  present  u-itli  the 

^^l^t  of  some  real  deliciicies.    And  such  they 

were,  lu  mny  be  judged  from   tltc   foUowtni; 

dishes.    The  first  wns  fiUed  witli  tli«  livers  of 

geese  t  the  second  conUined  the  "  condited 

bellies  of  the  sairus  ;"*  a  Uiird  the  brtuns  of 

peaovdcs  and  pheasants  ;  a  fourth  Huningoes* 

t tongues  i  iL  fifth  the  soft  roes  uf  Inmpreys ;  and 
■  sixth,  which  waH  the  centre  dish,  a  hare, 
•domed  with  the  Bnit  of  u  tisli  so  as  t4>  look  like 
•  young  p(:gsHus.t 
Luxuries  now  crowded  thick  und  fast;  and 
various  kinds  officii  were  brought  togetlier  from 
almost  all  psrts  of  the  glolM  : — 

All  Alb  from  wk  ur  ihoN, 
PrfslMI  or  pnrliDff  brook,  of  ih«U  or  fin, 
Abd  FiqaitilMt  ttuut,  fur  vtiicb  vat  ilrainM 
PoDtU),  snil  Liitrinc  Bty,  uwl  Afric  rout. 

[Tcs,  there   was  the  thrice  renowned  squillal 

•  ittrmr  Tqrior.  1  S«tL  In  \'lWllio,  1.1. 

;  Voluiw*  raifhl  br  wrilWo  on  ihc  «picuri>ni  of  Uic 
Romuii,  bnt  for  •  ^neral  idta-  Vid.  Pfiroa  i  Atbii :  !>*l 
Jdv.  Sot.  1  &  V^Hor.  Ub.  ii.  Sat.  2  ft  S.  Sm  ilio 
J*nvtj  Tajrkir'a  llouM  ot  F«wUd(,  Scrmoa  sv,,  and  Bm 
JoMon'*  AI(h«Mi»l. 

D   3 


58 


stonebenob;  or. 


from  Africa,  with  ib  gonusb  of  upuiini: 
there,  also,  were  muUcti  from  Coraca;  tA 
from  Syene ;  &noU»vr  kind  of  fish  fron  Uic 
pcrplcsing  EuripuH  ;  and  lampreys  from  Uie 
vurtcv  of  CliarylxJiM !  Uvlt  these  6sh,  ftm 
little  images  apouteJ  a  savoury  Kiuce,  as  the  Bo- 
mans  deemed  it;  but  which  would  liarc  cauacd 
|)Oor  PalUt't  heart  to  heave,  being  made  from 
hitter  berl)s  and  sailron,  [uckled  in  Hyziintiu 
hriite,  and  boiled  up  in  wine,  to  which,  wImb 
cool,  the  tinest  Venafrian  oil  had  beea  added  1 

.Sera,  a  pupil  of  Tiypberus,  the  celebvalcd 
profcKSor  of  carving  at  Itome,  oSiciatcd  u 
carver ;  and  bis  name  literally  signifj-tti; 
"  carve,"  urved  the  Emperor  aa  a  perpetutl 
occasion  for  pminin);,  of  courBe,  to  thctDfinitt 
diversion  of  bix  cumpiany,  for  a  royal  pun  b 
always  amusing ;  and,  indeed,  any  pun,  scntd 
up  villi  such  s{)icy  viands,  could  nut  bat  be 
highly  entertaining. 

Due  honour  having  been  done  to  tbrac 
luxuries,  a  great  bujttle  was  excitcul,  and  an  un- 
initiated person  n-uuld  hare  thought  that  the 
entertainment  was  at  an  end;  for  Uie  rich 
Dabylonian  coverings  of  the  seats  were  now  ts 
yield  precedence  to  otber  coverlets,  on  wliieh 
were  embroidered  figures,  symbolical  of  the 
cliase;  and  an  entirely  new  suite  of  servants 


J 


THE   ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


59 


were  busily  emptoved  in  investing  the  couches 
with  their  new  {jarbii.  ThiH  was  hanlly  <)oi>c, 
when  a  padc  of  well-triuiied  Thessulian  hounds 
ran  round  the  tabic  u  thought  in  full  cry,  and 

»then  disappeaired. 
This  scene  was  introduced  merely  to  uslicr 
in  the  next  dish,  which  contained  a  hu^  Lucs- 
nian  buar,  on  whose  tusks  were  suspendwl  two 
_  little  baskets  of  dates  am)  almoitdu;  while  round 
B  Iiiui  luy  sweetmeat!!,  made  up  in  the  form  of  lit- 
tle pigs,  denied  as  trifles  for  tli«  guests  to  take 
home  with  tliem.   "  What  think  ye  of  my  dogs 
to  bare  brouglit  down  this  hoar  mu  soon  ?"  said 
^Mero,  addressing  tlic  elegant,  but  dissolute,  Pe- 
tmnius,  whose  exquisite  tusCe  bad  been  offended 
by  the  incongruity  ofthclitlcr  of  pigs;  wid  who 
.     wittily  replied,  "  True  Thi-swlians,  |>er  Pol,  (> 
HCiesarl  fur  they  seem   not  only  to  hare  run 
down  tiie  boar,  but  to  liave  traced  his  consort 
In  her  litter;  and  thun  to  bare  made  an  end 
of  ihe  whule  family !" 

»NeTX>  a]>plauded  ihe  remark,  tliough  it  sume- 
Urbat  reflected  on  his  cook 'a  taste;  luid  for  this 
Rnd  some  other  elegantly  expressed  critJcisms, 
in  tfao  course  of  the  cvtmng.  conferred  upon 
Petronius  the  title  of  Arbiter,  which  has  ever 
^since  been  appended  to  his  name. 

While  they  were  thus  conver^ng,  tlic  c«rver. 


60 


8T0NBIIBN0B;  OR, 


who  was  dressed  in  cbimcter  as  a  kind  of  nntie 
huntsman,  with  a  long  br»rd,  drew  a  iiuntii« 
knife  from  his  girdle  and  perforated  the  hou'* 
side;  when  out  flew  *  number  of  blackbinbl 
The  birds  were  immediately  caught  by  some 
fowlers  stationed  tJiere  fur  tlie  purpose,  «lio 
prcsentc<l  them  to  tlie  guest*;  and  at  the  taiM 
time  two  pages  took  off  the  basket*  and  Itanded 
round  the  nltnunds  and  dates. 

Tempting  ajt  the  boar  looked,  the  gvmrmaai 
Otho  did  not  venture  to  touch  it,  until  assured 
that  it  had  been  caught  during  the  prevalence  of 
a  south  wind ;  and  he  felt  the  same  scruples  wUk 
regard  to  the  mushrooms  which  filled  the  next 
dish,  and  which  had  been  imported  from  Afrio, 
until  informed  that  ihcy  had  been  gatlKied 
after  a  thunderstorm  '.*  jVs  he  made  the  is- 
quirics  which  elicited  this  inforrualiun,  tlie 
serere  countenance  of  old  Galba  assuiued  t 
look  of  ferocious  disdain  at  the  epicurism  of  Us 
future  competitor  for  the  purple.  Tlie  |^n* 
went  merrily  rx>u»d  again,  and  tlie  doith  wu 
removed,  amid  a  flourish  of  music ;  but,  think 
not,  gentle  reader,  that  if  you  are  weary  of  ibc 
cntertainmL-nts,  tliat  so  were  the  royal  parly. 
By  no  means.     A  very  extramgant  and  aon^ 


*  JuV.SnL*.,  110. 


TUB    aOMANS    IN     BRITAIN. 


61 


wlwt  <l»guating  ucnc  ensued.  Ttircc  fat  hogs, 
of  clifTervnt  siee  and  n^,  were  led  in ;  and 
tlie  Emperor  having  asked  his  gui'»U  whicli 
they  would  like  to  hare  drc!»ed,  as  though  an- 
ticipaUng  tlieJr  choice,  unlered  the  cook  to  he 
■ent  for,  and  the  Urgent  to  be  killed  and 
cooked  in  time  for  th«  next  oourM. 

In  the  tueantimo  the  Ulietiim  wta  circulated; 
but,  during  the  revolution  of  the  bnttJe  a  little 
incident  occurred,  which   might  Itave  been  at- 
^teiided  with  MerioUK  cuuxequences  to  our  he- 
Iroiiie.     It  vta  usu^,  on  such  festive  occasions 
hthe  present,  to  allon-  vucli  uf  the  nobility  and 
ers  of  Seneca's  court,  as  were   not  in- 
I  to  imrtake  nftlic  entertainment, to  view  it 
^u  spcctjitors;  and  Seneca's  wife  wishing  to  in- 
dulge CUiudiii,  had  imprudently  introduced  her 
among  the  crowd.    Curiosity  led  her  insensibly 

(forward,  until  she  occupied  a  rattier  pruminei^t 
situation  ;  and  unfurtuiiHtely,  while  her  inno- 
cent eye  was  unounsciously  wandering  over  the 
magnifwence  which  every  where  surrounded 
her,  the  Emperor's  sensual  gase  had  lidlen  on 
her.  Uer  snowy  complexion ;  her  (-oiiijnn* 
tively  light  hair;  the  mingled  simplicity  and 
dignity  of  her  countenance  and  hgurc,  were  all 
attentively  scanned  by  iho  profligate  Eai|>eror. 
Senoca,  witli  the  w&tcbiulncss  of  a  courtier's 


•TONBRENOKi   OR, 


olisen'Rtion,  perceired  the  object  of  the  Em* 
]]cror's  cvirioKitr,  iinil  the  probable  consequencn 
Uttsbod  lit  once  »crosi  b'»  mind  ;  but  before  he 
niulit  think  of  luiy  expedient  td  di^-ert  tbc 
Kni[)eror's  attenttoii,  Nero  asked  him  "Wbu 
lovely  ImiH  have  we  got  tlierc?  Bt  Joi«! 
she  is  one  of  Uie  graces."  added  the  li^pervr. 
Seiieca  nrmde  no  reply,  but  witli  the  ni'»t  en- 
viable jiresciice  of  tiiind,  cuuntertVited  deufiiCM 
or  inattention ;  iind  a:i  though  disturbed  from  a 
reverie,  and  unconscious  of  what  hnd  laken 
place,  be^i;ed  the  Kinpen>r,  that  he  would  coo- 
desceiidto  allow  the  company  the  felicity  of  lii- 
tening  to  one  of  his  immortal  poems.  Ncn, 
whoite  vanity  even  csccUcd  his  w^^&uality,  ns 
delighted  uith  the  complimcnl.  His  c^junte- 
rumoe  biiirhtcni^d  triUi  pleasure.  Claudia  waa 
forgotten  ;  and  the  master  of  the  world  waa  b- 
■tantly  metamorphosed  into  a  would-be  ApoUo! 

I  will  have  mure  compassion  on  my  reader 
than  to  transcribe  hia  song;  happily,  we  an 
not  obliged  to  tUten  to  it,  as  were  his  etniitien- 
As  may  be  sup|>osed,  daring  its  onntinnaitcvv 
Seneca  availed  himself  of  an  opportunity  u 
cause  Claudia  to  be  removed  from  her  perilnus 
situation. 

Nero  hut  scarcely  fini«]iod  Kta  »ong,  be^ 
a  fht  hog,  resemhliDg  the  corpse  of  that  wliich 


THR    ROMANS    IN     BRITAIN'.  GS 

be«n  BO  recently  condemned,  wss  brought 
table  well  cooked,  amid  the  astonishmeni  of 
beholden,  who  deemed  it  nothing  less  tbsn 
nuncle.  On  cxBmintng  the  bog,  bowever, 
It  apfx-ared  Utat  tite  most  important  pcocesa 
that  of  disembowelling — liad  been  overlooked ! 
le  cook  was  sent  for;  and  »o  defence,  on  tbe 
grounii  uf  the  incredibly  short  time  which  hud 
been  allowed  him,  availed  with  the  stem  Nero. 
He  was,  nutwithstanding  the  combined  in- 
tercessioii  of  the  ooiupany,  condemned  to  loM 
bead.  Bjr  way  of  momentary  respite, 
be  waH  ordered  to  cut  up  his  ill- 
cooked  dish ;  wlteii,  on  ripping  up  tbe  belly, 
with  tfCJiibUng  tiand  —  out  tumbled  faog's- 
Ijuddings  and  sausagea  in  abundance,  amid  the 
iMWiTuUed  laughter  of  tlic  (pie»ts !  Tbe  rook's 
admirable  perfonnance  was  justly  rewarded 
with  wiiie,  a  silver  coronet,  and  a  drinking- 
bowl  on  a  magnificent  salver  uf  Corintltian  braai. 
Nero,  who  in  tliis  cuarte  exhibition  had 
MOmewhat  wantonly  trifled  with  the  feelings  of 
hb  gooau,  shocked  them  more  —  far  nrare, 
cruelly,  immcdintclr  aiterwards ;  for  the  ty- 
ranny, wliich  he  had  only  counterfeited  in  tbe 
fanner  instance,  he  exercised  in  reality  in  the 
latter.  An  artist,  who  had  ac«|uired  great 
cclebrity>  by  the  manufacture  of  glass  reaMl^ 


fi4 


stonbhbnob;  ob. 


wKich  were  so  hard  as  almost  to  ticfy  fikcun 
hax-ing  expressed  a  wish  to  present  a  ttitf* 
d'anvre  of  bU  art  to  the  Emperor,  wm  now 
summoned  before  the  company.  The  autdul 
ajid  workmanship  having  been  warmly  eulo- 
gized, the  artist,  tn  increase  the  admiration 
of  the  spectators,  dashed  the  Teasel  to  tkt 
ground  when,  to  thnr  asTonlithiiient,  it  le- 
oeived  a  bruise  like  a  piece  of  malleabk 
metal.  He  then  beat  out  this  bruise,  and 
restored  the  vessel  to  its  forruer  ahape,  irith 
as  much  ease  b3  if  it  had  been  made  of  eop- 
per !  While  all  the  guests  were  cxprcMine 
their  amazement,  and  the  artist  was  secretly 
exulting  in  the  triumph  of  his  art,  the  Em- 
peror inquired  whctlier  any  one  else  w» 
skilled  in  the  construction  of  this  malleobk 
glass,  and  being  answered  in  the  negatiTe, 
onlered  his  guards  to  strike  off  the  poor 
artist's  head  instantly  ;  o1>$en-ing,  that  if  tbe 
secret  were  oiiee  divulged,  silver  and  gold 
would  be  perfectly  valueless  1  Fortunately  fa 
some  of  the  spectators,  and  partieularly  ht 
Lurati,  the  exiiresaion  of  horror  which  in*tk- 
luntnrily  escaped,  was  unobserved  ;  for,  just  si 
tliis  moment,  an  exhibition  of  tumbling  and 
rope-dancing  was  introduced ;  and  the  Em- 
peror's attention  was  occupied  by  a  tumbling 


THE    ROUANS   IN    BltlTAI^r. 


65 


I 


who  dimbed  up  a  ladder  held  by  another 
pertton,  and  having  danced  on  the  top  ^»r, 
tumbled  through  buming  hoops  o(  iron  with 
a  glass  in  his  mouth.  It  happened  that,  in 
the  course  of  this  exhibition,  one  of  the 
tambtcjs  liad  the  misfortune  to  stumble  vio- 
lently agsinst  the  Emperor,  who  groaned,  and 
oidered  his  phrsiciBii  to  be  sent  for.  The 
guests,  who  had  witnessed  the  poor  artist's 
hte,  shrieked  aloud,  and  tbc  boy  hid  himself 
nnder  their  feet :  the  Emperor,  howerer,  hanng 
vammoned  the  trembling  culprit  before  him, 
demanded  his  name. 

"  Bromius,"  answered  the  boy. 

"Henceforth,  thou  shall  be  called  IJber,** 
(or  free),  said  the  Emperor. 

He  accordingly  manumitted  the  boy,  declar- 
ing that  it  was  shameful  for  so  augtut  a  person 
as  himself  to  be  hurt  by  a  slare !  Having  ao 
dune,  he  called  fur  his  chronicler,  and  de«red 
him  to  record  tliia  imtaaoe  of  hia  magnaitimity! 
A  nagnificent,  highly  embossed,  silver  plateau, 
was  next  brought  in,  laden  with  picsents  for 
hia  guesta,  whose  names  and  penjiuritea  were 
proclaimed  by  a  boy;  and  Seneca  trembled 
when  he  aaw  a  bcantifol  crystal  cup  placed  be- 
fore him ;  for  he  knew,  that  with  all  the  Empe- 


ee 


STONEIIENGE  ;     OR, 


ror's  affectftUon  of  libernlity,  he  never  mMle  a 
prtsciit  but  in  tintici|)iil)On  of  some  trcmciidou 
Sftcrilice,  ciUier  of  conicicneo,  fiHtunc,  or  feA- 
ing  on  the  part  of  the  person  so  honooied. 

After  this  liule  interlude,  the  fout  wis  re- 
sumed vritii  increasing  debaachery.  I  cuuiM 
attempt  to  enumerate  the  dliihes  which  formed 
tlie  next  course;  but  they  consisted  principallT 
of  birds,  such  tut  guinca-hcns,  storks,  fla- 
mingoes, &c.  There  was  one  dish,  haweTfr, 
of  peculiar  beauty,  vhich  roust  not  be  [ussed 
DTcr  in  silence,  as  Pctronius  atmrded  it  ibt 
palm  of  the  whole  entertikiiiment.  It  conxittal 
of  four  peucocks,  and  as  man<r  codc.pheHUiti. 
tlie  plumage  of  whose  tails  was  united,  and 
formed  n  resplendent  dome-like  cover  to  the 
disb.  When  tliis  course  was  removed,  a  set  u{ 
strolling  players  came  in,  and  travestied  liw 
Ipbigeriia  of  EuHpides,  by  way  of  introductioa 
to  the  next  dish  ;  vrliich  consisted  of  a  boiM 
heiftr.  nith  a  helmet  on  her  head.  Ajax.  one 
of  the  players,  as  though  in  n  fit  of  dutnctioa, 
fell  upon  this  limfer,  and  in  tJie  most  dcxlcrait 
manner  imaginable  can'ed  it  up,  and  presentri 
the  most  delicate  parts  to  the  guests  on  tbc 
point  of  his  knife.  The  party  had  scarcely 
time  to  express  their  admiration  of  this  Ksl. 


TIIK    nOUAN8    IN    BRITAIN. 


67 


'  to  digest  tbetr  rationa,  before  they  heard 
rumbling  u  tboogh  of  «  distant  earthquake, 
Ivhich  actuBlljr  shook  tticir  scats,  and  increased 
IgraduaUy,  unti],  to  their  coiiKtcniation>  the 
[beams  of  the  celling  appeared  to  give  waj-. 
[There  was  no  real  ground  for  darm,  hoirever; 
[ibr  through  tlie  aperture  In  the  ceiling  was 
let  down  a  circle,  lu^uiid  wtiidi  were  hung 
golden  gnrlaods,  and  alabaster  \mc»,  fiUtd 
sriti)  tlie  most  precious  perfumes.  While  all 
I  eyes  were  intent  on  tlits  new  luxury,  the  table 
was  kup])li<-d  witli  wliat  appeared  to  b«  confeo- 
tioiiar}'  and  fruit ;  in  tlic  midst  of  which  was, 

I  a  fijcure  of  the  god  Terminus.  On  touching 
tliese  deliciu'ies,  they  tlirvtr  around  a  delicious 
liquid  otluur,  which  iillcd  the  room  with  its 
fragrance.  At  tliis  |>eriod  of  the  entertainment, 
the  household  gods  were  brought  in,  by  two 
boys  dreuwd  in  sacerdotal  costume,  while  a 

I  third  poured  out  a  goblet  of  Khodian  wine  as 
a  bbatioD ;  after  whi<^i,  the  statue  of  Nero 
was  carried  round,  and  kissed  by  the  company. 
Other  viands,  the  very  names  of  which 
would  be  wearisome,  followed  in  almost  eod- 
Itss  auoccBsion }  until,  to  the  great  relief  of  the 
nwre  sober  part  of  the  company,*  from  which 


■  Pm  fat1h«r  ialnnniitioM  nlf«ctiii(  die  InutUbk  and 
duRoUiai  (Uwiajr  of  VitelUa^  SM  SmC  In  Vliullln,  13. 


68 


STONBUttNGS;    OR, 


the  glutton,  Vitcllini,  must  be  cftiefuUy  ex- 
cluded, the  banquet  seemed  now  at  an  end; 
and  they  beheld  with  pleasure  the  tablet 
removed,  and  the  floor  strewed  with  sawdwt, 
djred  s&£fron  and  vertnUlion,  mixed  with  a 
glittering  powder,  made  from  the  tapit  tprc- 
/om,  or  a  species  of  talc 

But,hurrah,forViteUius!  as  Lucan esdaiiiicJ 
— this  was  but  the  note  of  prepnration  for  an- 
other and  another  sorrice.  The  first  seemed  > 
kind  of  dessert;  and  consisted  of  a  blackbird  pt^ 
with  Sardinian  chcsnuts,  some  dried  grapes  from 
Picenum  and  Tibur,  and  some  peaches,  the 
culture  of  which  had  been  recently  imporud 
from  E^ypt  and  Greece.  Tlierc  were  abo 
applet  from  Phceacta,  of  such  beauty  and  odoar, 
that  the  sight  and  smell  alone  seemed  refresh- 
ing; but  which,  1  would  observe,  though  tempt* 
ing  as  Atalanta's  bait,  were  resolutely  rtfasti 
by  Nero,  leet  they  should  prejudice  his  divine 
voice!*  Another  dish  contained  what  np- 
pcared  to  be  a  goose,  with  all  kind  of  lish  sul 
fowl  round  it ;  but  Nero  informed  his  gatSU, 
that  the  whole  of  that  heterogeneoua-IookiBj 
assemblage  had  been  manufactured  oat  of  one 
substance  by  his  cook,  who,  be  said,  couU 

*  For  ihc  p*in>  nhicli  Ncra  tmloveJ  In  llw  inpr<nTi*rtl 
o(  Li*  vmev,  (M  Suet,  ia  NcroDC,  30. 


Till   EOtlATVS   t>    KRITjUX. 


C» 


I 

I 
I 


Muly  create  •  plover  out  of  Ut  baooo,  m  tntk 
oat  of  ■  ipring  of  pork,  maA  a  ben  oat  of  • 
piece  of  brawn !  Wbil  tbe  oii^ial  oMser 
wu,  1  cantiot  uy ;  bat  let  not  the 
be  disconsolate;  for  I  can  tdl  Ub 
ingredients  of  tlic  next  dub,  wfaidi 
teeoted  by  tbe  BomuiB  a  vert  dtfiaW  ] 
bat  wbicb  pouiblf  might  be  daned  ^aier  lie 
geiiu)  pickles,  in  our  preaent  eoEaacy  ejtkf 
peedias.  It  was  composed  of  sawke-dnad 
Albanian  grapes,  mixed  up  with  leea  of  wiac, 
apples,  white  pepper,  and  salt-bernag  brae ' 
Wbile  tiiis  last  delicacy — so  to 
being  ditcuased,  two  serranta  eateni 
luge  earthem  pots  on  tbeir  head^  a«d 
Tancing  to  tbe  Emperor's  aeat, 
decision  on  some  subject  in 
ttiem.  His  sentence  djd  Dot  seem  to  act  tic 
matter  stt  r«st ;  for  as  tbey  IcA  ban,  Atj  pi»- 
ccedc<l  with  tbeir  quarrel;  aitd  ham  warda 
at  last  resorted  tu  blows,  and  broke  each  olber'a 
caitbem  pota.  Tbe  company  were  at 
ahocked  at  Ibia  piece  of  indeearsMt  tmi 
■urpriaed  that  the  Emperor  iSA  act  ialcrfan  ; 
but,  upon  close  observation,  they  pcrcciwd  a 
iiumlier  of  oysters  Uliog  ONit  of  tbeae  bnfccsi 
pota,  wliich  a  boy  coUeded  ai»d  anaagtd  to  a 
dtab,  and  tlieii  carried  roond  to  tbe  gaeMa  t 


70 


stonghexob;   or, 


Tliio  last  dislt  nlToTded  Otho  ui  opportuinty 
of  expatiating  on  his  favoarite  sadject,  uid 
displaying  his  wonderful  discrimination  m  tU 
science  of  epicurism. — 

"These  oysters,"  s«id  h«,  scrutinizing  oo^ 
as  an  exquisite,  some  twenty  years  ogo^ 
vlien  wholesome  port  was  more  in  fmsbMi^ 
would  hftve  scrutinizt'd  a  kUss  of  bec^s-wing. 
"These  oysters,  Cicsarnill,  1  am  sure,  beorme 
out  in  saying  so,  came  from  the  British  cotrt, 
Rliutupinum.  In  size  tbcy  equal  the  LaeHnc; 
and  in  sweetnCHs  tiicy  excel  the  Ctrcoaa. 
Di\-ua  CtcMtr  showed  himself  a  god,  in  addia| 
Britain  to  hi*  dominions."  * 

"  And  they  are  fools,"  interpolated  the  f»m- 
ing  Tigellinus ;  "  they  are  fools,  as  ro« 
divine  Majesty  said,  who  accaso  your  miglrty 
ancestor  of  having  crossed  the  British  occib 
for  the  sake  of  her  pearls — it  was  for  her 
oysters  i" 

Noro  was  pleased  at  tliis  repetition  of  bti 
own  pleasantry ;  and,  to  show  that  his  teis 
was  nut  exhausted,  asked  TigcUinos  fiKV- 
tiousty — 

**  In  what  do  I  excel  ray  ancestor?* 

"  In  everything,"  replied  the  adulator. 


I 


■  Jur.Su.ii'.,T.14<l. 


THB    IIOUANS    IN    BRirMM. 


71 


I 


e  SBtne  qui-stion  wns  proposed  to  Lucan ; 
TiiJ  l»  replied — "  In  Binging.'' 

TliU  MtiricaJ  answer,  strange  lo  say,  pleased 
the  Emperor ;  and  he  rejoined — 

True,  very  true,  my  Lucan,  but  1  did  not 
mean  tlmt ;  but  I  excel  in  this,  tliat  tbc  divine 
'Cnsar  went  to  Brititin  After  Uic  oysters,  but  I 
made  the  slaves  Uiemxelves  bring  th«m  to  me." 
I  need  not  odd,  tliat  pcota  of  mirtli,  reol  or 
dissimulatedt  followed  this  miverable  attempt 
at  wittidun. 

But    the    trum])ets  sound    again    to    tlte 
charge ! — 


I- 
Oen  more  uaui  ibt  brMcb,  mj  friend*— once  niatel 
The  last  service  was  at  lengtli  brought  in ; 
and  now,  gentle  reader,   1   would   Iiuve  you 
prepare   for  a  bonat  koue/if,     Methinks  1  see 
your  napkin  applie<)  to  tlie  comers  of  your 
mouth,    awiiiting   tlie  consumniation  of   thia 
dinner,  "  after  tlie  mimner  of  llic  ancients." 
^ft     Well.  I  will  dctny  yuur  happiness  no  longer. 
This    Just    disli   consisted    of    brvUtd  mah; 
lianded  round  on  a  silver  gridiron  by  a  hoy, 
wIk>    satig    as    he    went,    making    his   voice 
and  gestures  liarmonixe. 
H     While  tlie  gridiron  was  making  its  revolution. 


» 


Ti 


stoneuenge;    ott, 


Other  slaves  entered  with  v&ses  of  liquid  per- 
fumes, with  which  they  anointed  the  feet 
of  the  company,  having  first  decorated  their 
legs  and  ancles  with  garlands.  This  tastelesf 
piece  of  extravagance,  dictated  by  the  same 
vulgar  mind  which  had  designed  the  disgusting 
scene  of  the  stuffed  hog,  was  intended  as 
a  refinement  upon  the  trite,  but  Iieautiful, 
custom  of  wreathing  the  head  with  garlands  of 
Sowers ! 


THB    BOH  Airs    IN    BBJTAIN.  73 


CHAPTER  V. 

I  piMrd  ttw  piUcc,  where  Ihe  frantic  King 
Yet  holda  hit  crimson  rerel — irbcDCc  the  roar 
Of  deapentc  mirth  came,  mingling  wiih  the  (igh 
Of  dtath 


Thbbb  is  a  popular  superstition,  that,  at  the 
Vigil  of  St.  Mark,  the  spirit  which  is  doomed 
to  "  shuffle  off  its  mortal  coil,"  ere  the  close  of 
the  ensuing  year,  asserts  its  native  liberty, 
uid,  leaving  its  companion  rapt  in  slumber, 
walks  abroad,  and  views  its  future  resting- 
place,  being  visible  to  those  who  have  the 
temerity  to  visit  the  churchyard  at  the  awful 
hour  of  midnight.  *  Let  this  fated  period  be 
a  little  extended,  and  the  spirits  of  all  present 

•  See  MoBlgomerr'i  poem,  entitled  "  The  Vigil  of  St, 
Mark,"  the  firat  ghoit  slary  which  Ihe  author  ever  read, 
the  impmaioD  produced  by  which  twenty  year*  1ibt(  Dot 
effKcd. 

VOL.    II.  B 


7-1 


ATOVRneXGB;    OR, 


at  the  entertainment,  whidi  we  have  dcccribed 
ill  t)ie  prweding  chapter,  might  have  l>ccn  Men 
hastening  from  that  midnight  debaach,  to  lliar 
respective  tombs,  and  each,  with  the  blood-red 
mark  which  is  said  to  distinguish  the  ghotti 
of  the  murdered:  not  one  of  tiiat  paitjr  «» 
(loomed  to  see  the  nest  lustration — not  oactd 
therp  to  die  a  natural  dcatli '. 

Futurity  is,  honrcrer,  Imppilv  veiled  (torn 
the  ken  of  mortals ;  and,  therefore,  the  hofriUt 
calamities  wliicli,  at  no  very  distant  day,  wen 
to  ovemrhelm  Nero's  purty,  did  not  affect  tlw 
present  enjoyment.  Fortunately,  they  re- 
scmhled  in  ignorance — still  more  fortunate  bid 
they  reseinhled  in  bmocettce,  Uie  senteaotd 
animals  browsing  in  the  butcher's  paAkxi^ 
which  — 


RMNdi  Id  tlii>  loKi,  tint  crop  ibelr  II01K17  food, 
Aad  lick  Ihc  bull  Juil  nlacil  Ui  ihnl  ibrif  bhiod. 


No  gloomy  forebodings  checked  tbctr  le- 
Tclry;  on  (lie  contrary,  tlie  cup  went  mrnilT 
round,  ns  though  tliere  were  no  to-moiruw. 

Nero  sang  as  though  inspired — if  no*  bj 
Apollo,  at  least  by  Bacchus.  All  the  letlcrt 
■n    his  name  liaring  been  toasted  at  dinner, 


Honour  *n8  now   done,    at    liis   request,    to 

iv»  Ann^l-s  Seneca!     White  the  F»- 

rnivi  van  circulating,  a  messenger  la  bicath- 

t%   faaKto,    but  u   nnobMTTcd    as   pmnblr, 

entered  the  room,  and  whispered  the  foUowing 

piece  of   intelligence  in    the  Emperor's    car; 

which  S«neca,  who  sat  next  to  him*  could  not 

help  overhearing.^ 

fc'*  Harrltns  ii  dead,"  said  he ;  "  your  dtvitie 
sjcHty's  gtirgle  has  hwl  its  efiecU"  " 
"  The  god«  be  tlianked,"  whispered  Nero  in 
reply.  "Loeusti^ti  medtciiies  seldooi  Giil;  but 
Pbow  are  yoo  aisorcd  of  the  fact  >" 
"  1  heard  the  trumpet  sound  a  knell  at  bis 
bouMe,''  was  the  anxwer;  "  I,  therefore,  walked 
in  to  satisfy  myself;  and,  having  dont  so,  I 
hasted  to  satisfy  your  majesty." 

"  Lettbe  news  gonofurthcryct,"said  Nero; 
and  then  addressing  his  attendants,  he  ordered 

IB  silver  goblet  tn  be  filled  with  wine  for  tlw 
messenger. 
Aceostomed  as  Seneca  was  to  the  control  of 
■■'Mm;  ftwtnma,"  Mjn  TaciliM.  "•Oft*  >>>*(  Durihn*, 
b«lD(  Kai<tnl  villi  •  dlwrdrr  id  Uic  ilira*!,  had  s  jMiUoDoni 
t»t$h  lulxilntttiircd  by  tbt  dIrcrtloD*  «f  Nero,  pndcr  >ti« 
prcUMr  ot  it*  btiim  ■  rrmcdy  (or  bi»  dl»Bu»."— r»r,  yf»»., 
kiv.,  M.  JHtM.  (•  A'nwtr,  3&. — "  Bunho  prrfctto  rcmr- 
4lBm  W  tumc*  pdllitiiua,  loxkun  niriL" 

K  2 


7« 


STOMKHKNOK;    OR, 


liin  counWnaiice,  he  felt  it  difficult  to  com 
the  almost  convulsive  agitation  which  snud 
him  at  tliis  uncxpC4:tcd  intelligence  of  the  doth 
— the  violent  death  of  Ins  most  intimate  friend. 
The  cruel  fact  now  bimt  upon  him,  that  all  An 
unusual  courtc-sy  to  himself  was  only  designed 
to  obviate  anr  suspicion  which  the  public  mi^l 
have  of  BurrhuB  having  been  toltcn  off  hj  Sad 
means  at  the  instigation  of  tlie  Emperor ! 

Never  wns  a  more  hcartleits  tiling  liofie  bf 
Nero  himself,  than  thus  to  assnxsinitc  liis  etrlr 
companion  and  tutor,  and  then  to  invite  ihc 
most  intimate  firicnd  of  the  deceased  to  spend 
the  evening  in  revelry  with  him.  Seneca  bad 
seen  much  and  felt  much,  and  had  been  obliged 
to  repress  and  conceal  much ;  but  a  blow  etxaA 
home  as  this  was,  staggered  him.  He  sh^L 
dered  at  such  cold-blooded  ingmtitude  i^| 
tTMchery  j  but,  what  was  to  be  done  ?  "Kt 
was  no  time  or  plnce  for  weeping  or  lamenta- 
tion ;  an<l  the  ex])reuion  of  the  least  emobM 
would  have  bee>t  fnlul  to  biro.  It  was  in  vain 
to  attempt  to  sroootli  his  features  into  a  calm. 
The  big  tear,  forced  by  the  recollection  of  the 
many  happy  years  of  friendship  which  Burrint 
and  himself  had  passed  together,  would  not  bo 
controlled :  his  heart  would  have  burst,  had 


DRITAIK. 


77 


he  natiinl  portals  of  feeling  been  closed.     But 
9W  weep  unobserved; — Ncvesitty  suggested 
ji  expcdtenU     He  duhed  to  the  ground,  xjt 
Fthougti  by  fiAcident,  tlie  Jwnutiful  crystjil  cup 
kvhich  tlie  Emperor  hiul  but  reccntl)*  given  to 
bioi,  and,  teemiDg  to  weep  orer  tlie  fragments. 
Iiis  tean  were  allowed  to  flow  on.    The  Bm- 
Bror  hiioself  was  touched   with  LhU  ruark  of 
' attuchinent,  as  lie  construed  it,  to  himself;  aiid 
the  courtiers  were  lost  in  admiration  of  a  nun, 
rhO|  as   they   thought,   could    thus    simulate 
but  wlio,  it)  reality,  was  only  dissimu- 
tlie  cause.(F) 
The  admiration  of  tlie  courtiem,  however, 
only  atiniulated  tlieir  rivalry,  and  ntadc  each  of 
them  strain  his  talents  to  engratiate  himself 
with  his  inaater.    The  elegant  and  witty,  bat 
licentious  and  profligate  Pctronius,  exhausted 
all  hia  resources  of  amusement;  and  related, 
with  inimitable  gaiety  and  humour,  his  well- 
known    story   of   the   disconsoUie    widow  at 
lEphesus,  who,  after  ha^nng  mounted  over  the 
relics  of  her  late  husband  in  the  very  tomb,  to 
which  they  had   been  consigned,  aikd   almost 
starved  herself  for  grief,  had,  artoally,  procured 
^tfao  oorpM  to  be  gibbeted,   to  save  the  life  of  a 
laew  paramour.    He  told  the  tale  with  ao  mncli 
I  and  eloquence,  and  with  Kich  irrenatibk  hl^ 


7a 


stonbdbn'Ob;  ok, 


mour,  that  wen  Senoca,  wlioae  heait  wu 
bleeding,  could  hardly  be  insensible  to  the 
amusement  which  the  story  afforded.  Tberc 
seemed  9i>  little  art  in  his  narrftlive,  that  it 
almost  invited  co[U|>ctition ;  yet  but  a  britf 
essay  would  have  convinced  any  oue  tW 
the  fascinating  narrator  dobcd  all  attempts  »i 
imitatiat).  * 

Fctronius  was  a  nwn  of  tlie  most  exqoidM 
refinement  and  elegance  of  manner}  and  hi* 
dedsion  in  matters  of  taste  admitted  of  no  ap- 
peal. His  entertainments  were  less  expensive 
tluu)  those  of  some  of  Uie  other  courtiers ;  but 
they  were  conducted  witli  such  perfi!ct  pro- 
priety as  to  he  quite  faultless-t  He  had,  also, 
such  versatility  of  talents,  as  to  exocl  in  CTeiv 
tiling  to  which  he  applied  them ;  so  tlial  lie 
would  plunge  with  his  fcJlow  courtiers  into  tlie 
very  depths  of  debauchery;  but,  leaving  thcB 
there,  he  would,  apparently  without  nn  efibn, 
make  a  sudden  transition  to  the  most  erudite 
studies.  Hcthrewa  haloof  beauty  arouitderoy 
thing  which  Im:  touched ;  but,  unliappily,  it  wst 

■  Fancjr  ■nil  irt  in  gty  I'olroniui  |>taBMh 
The  *cboliir'i  Ickttitng,  wilb  the  coartin's 
Ptfft'i  Eitay  «m 

I  Vid.  T<ic.  Ann.   xvi,  Ig,  19.    "He  vu  dtsUatabM* 
layiTtcitut,  "  vuAh  (ajM." 


WniAXI   IN   DBtTAIN. 


JU 


r 

^Bodi  •  halo  as  JtiguiacJ  die  comption  lurViti); 

Bjrithiii — **Ag3ikdbtlo  bovering  round  dccAy." 
Too  oAca.  akt !  by  oonoealing  the  defbrmity 
of  Ttoe,  be  impaitnl  to  it  a  li>vcUncu  whieb 
tamia  it  tbe  iDore  alltning  and  dangcroua ;  for 
one  nig^t  hart  been  seduced  by  tlic  elegant 
Tolaptncwsiieu  of  Pctronius,  wHo  would  only 
bare  (dl  tbockcd  at  the  dii^sting  deliauehrric* 
of  'HgvIGnat.  His  character  has  been  wdl 
drawn  by  the  port : — 

htnaiu  t  ■■  IIk  MOW*  ««c  p  for  Ibrc  I 
6m  cTvry  lew  iImI)  tcaU  Ihf  Dcmoiy  ■ 
Tin  Oraca  uo,  whik  Tirluc  M  Uirlr  >Mm 
Lay  MeoUos  nailer  Ibkt  tnh  band  of  tbin*,- 
Prti  t>tk  ■  Mortal  tub  Ut  hir  own  bttMi, 
AbbocT'd  tto  Mcritcc,  uid  cuixd  i1>»  prieC 
Tboa  t«U*)i'd  ud  bigb-flniib  M  fbc  lu  tmk, 
nray-beMi  eompier  of  out  Ikuoiof  jo*<K 
To  porn  Mrd  tkUa  iwi^r  <'»  "''li  't'  *^> 
Tbat  M  ntocd  U  migtil  (lie  norc  «MtW. 
Tbea  pcnir  It  aa  Ibt  >or«l*  i>f  U>7  wb, 
Ta  taint  hi*  kurt  wm  wodb  j  ot  Ibla*  < 


A  peraon  w)iu  bnd  sect)  Inm  al  ytnt'%  tabtc. 

would  bave  niistukvu  him   fur  ao  iilW  vr^ufj- 

tuary  ;  but,  strange  to  «ay,  he  was  adive  and 

unwearied   in    public  buiincM  ;    uul   wm  h 

perfect  a  ttatesnuin  aa  Ite  waa  •  eoorticr. 

•  Tbb   tktuk    U   diMbileM   !■  w  i-d  <»   (b-   f-ul  U 
CbMMMd. 


St' 


srONEllENCiE;   OB, 


"  How  is  it,  ID}'  Petronias,"  said  Nero,  is 
Ute  course  of  convcrsalion,  "  that  you  mre 
hefoTc  tint  old  censor  Tlirasm  Pstua  the 
utiicr  day,  who,  they  said,  commcnocd  bit 
canvass  at  sunrise ;  when,  to  my  own  knos- 
l«(]ge,  you  w<;re  not  up  much  before  sun-set?* 

"  Simply,  most  august  Cicsar,"  he  rqilitd, 
"  hecatiHc  1  hud  commenced  my  canvas  at  soa- 
set,  the  preceding  dny ;  and  liaij  finished  bcfon 
he  began.  Permit  me,  gracious  Empcrar,'' 
he  continued,  "  to  submit  a  question  to  the 
company  present,  which  this  conrenation  hai 
luggeHted.  1  would  fain  know  of  tliem,  which 
they  consider  to  be  the  oldest  nation  in  te 
world?" 

"  You  are  quite  at  liberty  to  propose  tt 
question,  my  Petronius,"  rc))lied  the  Emperor, 
"  although  I  caunot  aee  its  connection  with 
our  conversation ;  and  I  will  further  venture 
to  predict,  that  the  general  opinion  of  t&e 
company  «ill  incline  towards  Egj'pt." 

"  Probably  your  majesty  is  rightj"  replied 
Petronias  ;  "  but  I  had  thought  of  awardii^ 
the  meed  of  antiquity  to  the  Gauls.** 

-"  The  Gauls  ?■'  repeated  Nero,  with  astuniih- 
uient. 

"  Probably  your    majesty  will  think  the  Im 


I 

I 


TUB    R0MAX8    IN    BRITAtX. 

mjf  error,"  replied  Pctroaias,  "  wbcn  ao- 
(jiuintMl  with  my  reasonH.  We  are  infomicd  by 
your  divine  ancestor,  in  hia  oomnientarics,  as 
your  majesty  may  remember,  that  the  Oauls 
reckon  tJieir  time  by  niglits  rather  than  days ; 
now  Uie  night  being,  as  every  one  knows, 
the  elder  sister  of  the  day,  it  struck  me  that 
they  are  half  a  day  older  than  the  rest  of  the 
world." 

*'  Excellent,  by  Jotc  !"  said  Nero ;  "  and  if 
1  had  nniicrtsken  to  revise  the  niniansc  as 
Juliua  did,  I  would  bare  followed  tlieir  ex- 
ample, and  begun  with  ti>e  night  also.  In  this 
instance,  I  think  that  the  Gauls  were  wiser 
than  Utcir  conquerors.'' 

"  Doubtless,  must  august  Cfcsar,''  replied 
PetTOnius ;  "  and  1  do  not  liesitatc  to  say,  tJiat 
the  reason,  why  tlie  owl  is  the  emblem  of 
lom,  is  because  it  prefers  tlic  night  to  the 


Great  applause  followed  this  witticism,  and 
the  handsome  and  eloquent  young  Piso,  wlio 
■at  next  l^troniuK,  took  up  Ibe  conversation. 

"  Certainly,"  said  he,  "  according  to  yottf 
divine  majesty's  criterion  of  wisdom,  there  is 
not,  in  all  your  boundless  dominions,  a  greater 
sag6  than  I'etronius;    for  1  slept,  or  r»ther 

b3 


82 


ston'buknoe;  ok, 


|iHS«ed  tli«  niglit  at  his  bouiie,  a  slioit  tinte 
liinoe,  xnd  about  the  third  hour  of  the  iii^lit,* 
I  iward  th«  noise  of  the  wliip,  when  on  inqoiiy 
I  was  u>hl  tlint  the  Kteirards  were  juid  caifiiig 
the  slaves  to  w)int,  if  it  had  been  pnwfiif 
twelve  hours  earlier,  I  should  hare  called  tbdi 
moniing  account,  and  was  cbustuung  the  cul- 
[iritx.  At  midnight}  I  heard  the  sound  of  some 
person  talkin;^  very  lotidly,  and  found  that  it 
wAJi  Petronius  himself,  exorcising  his  voice  ta 
declamation.  Well,  botig  unaccustomed  u 
Kuch  liours,  1  fell  asleep,  and  wa.s  awakened, 
about  two  hours  after  midnight,  by  tlic  sound 
of  wheels  and  the  tr&mpling  of  horacs,  and  lib- 
covercd,  to  my  surprise,  that  he  was  just  aboal 
taking  a  little  airing  before  dinner  !  Notwith- 
standing this  disturbance,  I  nodded  off  to 
iileep  a^in ;  but,  about  the  twelfth  hour  of  tbt 
nt^ht,t  just  as  day  beg;an  to  dawn,  I  was  tod- 
denly  roused  by  a  great  clamour,  and  bastcnia^ 
half  drest,  to  the  spot  whence  the  notae  pro- 
ceeded, found  his  slaves  and  butlers,  and 
cootts,  running  about  in  all  directions,  to  pfv- 


*  Nine  uVlock  in  tL«  cvrninf-,  Tbia  Mieodole,  wbkk  m 
very  illiiiliilirc  of  tbc  ninnnpti  ol  tW  Honuiii,  Is  rrUtfd  ^ 
£«aeot.  [of  Spurlm  Pjipiniiu}.  EpiiL  132. 

t  Sii,  a-m. 


THE    nOMANB    IX    BRITAIN. 

'  pan  dinner  for  hit  goodnesa,  who  had  just  left 
the  btU),  and  was  calling  out  for  some  mead 
and  fntmeiity  I" 

This  little  anecdote,  of  wTiich  we  haTc  merely 
given  the  outline,  was  related  with  a  grettt  dcsl 
of  aprightlinesA  and  good  humour,  and  very 
much  oinuked  the  party  ;  nor  did  Pelmnius 
seem  to  enjoy  it  the  leuL 

Seneca  had  remained  .lilent  since  the  incident 
which  we  hare  related  in  the  commeitc«nieiit 
of  this  chapter,  and  would  gUdly  have  con- 
tinued quiet ;  but,  fearful  lest  his  sUenoe  should 

'  excite  the  attention  of  the  party,  he  briefly 
observed  that   the  hghl-nhuMun,  whom  Fiso 

.had    so    well     deNcribed,     had     been    wittily 

'  called  by  Cato,  '  the  Anlipode*  of  th« 
dty!* 

I  This  remark,  inoffensive  as  it  was,  drew  upon 
him  a  furious,  hat  ill-judged,  atdivk  from  Ti^el- 
linua,  who  was  almost  bursting  with  spleen 
nt  tlic  ajipUiuw  which  Nero  had  bestowed  upon 

ktbe  elegant  and  refined  Piso  and  Petrunius; 
and  who  was  jealous  aUo,  lest  Si-ucca'a  conduct 
had  made  too  fuvoumble  aii  jinpreaston  on  tlie 
Emperor.     He,  therefore,  ubterrcd  tliat  Cata 

•  Sinrta.  C|n*L  ISI. 


84 


ktuskiiengb;  on* 


iiad  a  rigtit  to  siiimadvert  on  the  onndoct  of 
ntlicrs,  for  he  vna  not  one  of  those  who  prnctut 
what  they  condemn. 

"  But  I  have  not  patience,"  cootinnedbe,  "to 
hear  any  one  inveigh  against  luxury,  eapcdallf 
one  who  carries  it  to  the  very  extreme.  I  wonU 
>ay  to  such  a  pcnton,  Wherefore  arc  yoor 
pleuHurc  (grounds  so  artiticially  cultivated  ! 
Why  do  you  not  xup  with  tlic  ccvnony  yon 
prescribe  to  otliers?  Why  is  your  fumitim 
so  costly?  your  wine  older  than  yourself'*— 
your  house  ko  extensive,  and  adorned  with 
such  useless  shrubs?  ^^'hy  doca  your  vHt 
wear  jewels  in  her  ears  worth  the  value  o^  a 
rich  estate  ?  Why  are  your  slaves  so  aumptih 
ously  clad?  Why  do  professional  canrcn 
servo  at  your  t^)le  ?  Nay,  I  would  ask  audi  • 
person,"  continued  he,  stimulated  by  the  tndt 
encouragement,  which  the  significant  glancn  of 
his  companions  afforded,  "  Why  do  you  boU 
possessions  beyond  the  sea  more  in  number 
than  you  can  enumerate?" 

Every  word  of  this  was  applicable  to  Sent 
and  the  last  charge  was  well  seleeted  for  a  I 
of  troNp  de  grace,  it  lianng  reference  to  Seneca'l 
British   possesions,  the  oolleotioa  of  the  )»- 


TUK    ROMANS    IN    nRITAlK, 


B5 


I 


I 


Venues  of  which  had  caused  the  inBurrcction 
of  the  Briton*. 

None  of  tlie  eloquence  or  tlie  vit  of  the 
evening  was  so  much  enjoyed  ni  tJii»  covert 
Rttack  upon  Seneca  ;  and  the  mulcvolcncet 
hich  inspired  it,  could  only  be  e>(]ualled  by  thf. 
aelf-exultations  with  which  it  was  concluded. 
This,  howerer,  was  brief ;  for  Seneca's  feelings 
were  already  too  much  irritated  to  snfier  this 
attack  to  be  made  witJi  iin])unity.  Adopting, 
therefore,  the  satirical  and  indirect  manner  of 
Tigellinus,  he  retorted : — 

"  ^^'e^e  sudt  a  charge  to  be  made  against 
myself,  I  would  reply  to  ttie  person  making  it 
aomewbat  as  follows ; — '  1  own  indeed  tliitt  I 
am  not  wise ;  and  to  gratify  your  mnlcvolcnce, 
I  will  even  own  that  1  never  shall  be  wise. 
I  do  not  require  of  myself  tliat  1  sliuuld  be 
eqaol  to  the  bc^t  of  mankind ;  hut  that  I  shoald 
be  better  than  the  ba<I.  I  linvc  not  yet  arrived, 
■nd  I  feiu-  that  I  never  shall  arrive,  at  perfect 
health  :  and,  tliercforc,  I  prepare  Icnttives, 
rather  than  cures,  for  ray  gout ;  content  if  it 
but  rarely  pinches  me,  anil  if  it  tortures  mc 
less  tlian  it  wns  wont,  tiouty,  however,  as  my 
lcf;s  are  ;  compared  with  you,*  1  would  say  to 
my  opponent,   'I    am  an  Olympic    runner ! 


86 


stonbubnoe;  or, 


This  nme  cliurgu  of  inconsistency  in  teaching 
precepts  Uiey  did  nut  practise,  was  lirooght 
i^piinst  Plato,  a^^inst  E^ucunu,  against  ZcDO. 
Shall  I,  then,  expect  to  be  exempt  ^m  thai, 
from  which  Rudlius  and  Cato  were  not  deemed 
inviolate  f  For  even  Cato— your  own  boajrttd 
Cato — when  he  praised  Carius  and  Coruoea- 
nius,  and  that  i^e  of  simplicity,  in  which  it 
was  deemed  an  otl'ence  cognizable  by  the  cen- 
sor, to  posKexN  a  few  little  plates  of  silftr, 
— Cato  liinisell'  itt  that  time  possessed  vp- 
wards  o{£.rj,Wu  1*  which,  thoogh  uuch  less. 
without  doubt,  than  the  wealth  of  Crassia* 
was  more  tlian  Ciito  tlie  censor  was  boUeved  lit 
poHiiess.'  But,  for  my  own  part,"  continael 
Seneca,  "  1  do  not  blame  him ;  for  do  person 
can  deny,  that  wealth  atTurds  a  wider  scope 
for  the  exercise  of  i-irtnous  inclinations  than 
poverty.  Fortitude  and  rectitude  arc  thr 
virtues  of  poverty ;  but  temperance,  liberalU;, 
diligence,  economy,  anil  greatness  uf  mind,  ate 
the  TirtucB  of  wealth.  Thus,  although  a  wist 
man  would  not  despise  himself,  because  lie  wat 
uf  low  stature,  or  bccau&c  he  laboured  unikr 
some  infirmity  or  deformity ;  he  would  yttfrt 


*  UuaJrlngcntic*  wflettliiB, 


TUB   BOHAN8   IK    BRITAIN. 


97 


ft 


cing  of  tlio  oanal  height,  well  formed  And  ro- 
bust. All  tiie  sages,  whom  1  have  mcotioncd, 
taught  tlieir  disciples,  not  how  they  themsdv«s 
lived,  but  how  they  ought  to  live ;  and  in  like 
ner,  I  commend  not  myacif,  but  I  commend 
c ;  and  I  also  condemn  ricca,  even  thougli 
•J  be  my  own.  It  is  the  characteristic  of  a 
lerouH  it[nrit  to  have  high  resolvoi,  thougii 
may  seem  somewhat  disproportiunBte  to 
luenna  of  aocomplishing  theoi;  and  to  aim 
Rt  excellence,  ulUiough  it  should  never  reach  it: 
for  shouM  it  fnll,  it  would  full  nobly.  But  as 
fur  you,  I  would  jiay  to  my  accuser,  when  you 
hear  tlte  excellence  of  any  person  praised,  you 
bark  and  snap,  precisely  as  little  dofft  do  at 
gtraiigtrt.  If,  therefore,  tliowe  who  make 
virtue  tlicir  study,  have  l/tdr  failing ;  what 
must  be  your  condition,  to  whom  tlic  very 
name  of  virtue  is  odious  y* 

Poor  Tigcllinus  found  the  tubles  completely 
turned  upon  him,  and  did  not  venturo  to 
upen  his  lips  again,  during  the  remainder  of 
the  evening,  excejit  tu  insert  his  olt-fillcd 
cup. 


■ 

^H  ■  TIm  vkole  of  tkt  fnttifoinf  (luufe  Mid  dofcnM  vill  be 
H  found  KViptadXcd  in  S«a«ct**  TwMiiiy  D«  Viu  DcaU, 
H  Mp.  17—31. 


es 


8TONEHBXOB:    OB» 


Bat  it  is  time  now  to  draw  the  curtain,  uid 
conceal  the  remaining  scenes  of  this  enter- 
tainment; which  were  of  such  unmised  ile- 
bauchery,  that  the  eloquence  of  Seneca, 
and  the  wit  of  Petronius,  could  not  nlierate 
them.  (G) 


h 


TBB   BOMASft   IX   ■SITA.T!C.  S3 


CHAPTER  VI. 

1  uv  aad  kae*  too  vc^  ibc  rice  of  cobiu  : 

Ah,  B«  1  too  loBg  I  mwJ,  B»  BBch  endnrad. 
Still  by  AnfaitJOa*!  Bw^cnMi  voice  MUniad; 
BdI  vbcB  Bj  kopcB  and  tobIIi  alikr  ns*  foae, 
I  tben  br^BD  m  ttHtr  to  *— -'"■"i 
And  bade  (o  coorti  aod  crioKa  a  Inav  f«ii'»»ll. 
Id  life'i  more  paoifa]  •bade*  afaia  lo  dwdL 

TAMO. 

Ox  the  morning  sfter  the  entertaiiuDeot,  of 
which  we  have  attempted  a  desaiptkni  in  the 
preceding  chapter,  the  "Aela  Dhana,"  or  clulv 
newspaper,  announced  the  death  of  the  ex- 
cellent Bnrrhus,  and  the  inerpresnble  grief  of 
the  Emperor  on  the  occasion  ;  who  had,  as  it 
was  stated,  with  his  usoal  condescennon  and 
arbanity,  visited  the  sufferer  daily !  The  next 
paper  announced,  that  the  command  of  the 
Pnetorian  cohorts,  which  had  become  vacant 
by  the  death  of  Burrhos,  had  been  given  to 


90 


ItTONEnKNOK  ;    OR, 


Tigellinus  imd  Fcnius  Rufua  ;*  the  latter  [)«> 
son  being  nominidly  associatcil  with  the  liaud 
fiiTourilc,  on  Recount  of  hU  popularilT.  bat  ill 
tlic  real  power  of  the  oHioe,  which  was  tk 
most  important  in  Uie  state,  being  widded  bj 
the  itifatnoux  Tigcllinu*. 

Scnecn  needed  no  ghost,  nor  eren  thi 
friendly  offices  of  tho9C>  who  reported  to  kia 
tlie  csilumnies  of  bis  detractors  and  tk 
machinations  of  hU  rivals,  to  assnre  hiai,  ihit 
his  power  had  irrecoverably  fallen  willi  ibc 
death  of  hiii  excellent  condjutor.  His  llim- 
hold  soon  ceased  to  be  tbrongcd  with  eottiticn 
at  break  of  day :  the  tide  of  obsequions  clieiut, 
which  had  filled  his  ample  hftlls  almost  t» 
overdowing.  subsided  into  a  small  stream  tf 
needy  dependents.  A.  few  court  favouiites 
came>  it  is  true ;  but  it  was  rather  to  gn'olj 
their  malice,  than  any  more  kindly  dispoatioo. 
To  say,  that  Seneca  was  unmoved  at  tliii 
cliangd  would  be  to  do  as  be  did^to  disgnitt 
the  truth,  llcfeltit,  indeed;  but  not  like 
dinary  man :  for  he  was  a  ))liilo!Hiplier  at 
although  the  world  had  well  nigh  spoiled  hta. 
In  forming  an    estimate  of   Seneca's  chs' 


•  T«c.  Ami.  siv.,  c.  31. 


» 


TRK    HOMAN)    IN     DntTAlN. 


ncter,  we  muMt  bear  in  mind,  thkt  he  hod 
been  exposed  to  the  ]>erils  of  two  profossions, 
of  all  oUiera  the  most  hkzanlous  to  real  virtue 
and  pliilosophy — tliose  of  a  courtier  and  n 
aophist.  Ill  tlie  former,  he  tuul  been  obliged 
to  connive  at  crimes,  until  insensibly  he  began 
almost  to  tolerate  them ;  or,  at  least  had,  by 
lotig  tamiliarity,  lost  that  repugnance  u>  tliem, 
which  is  the  truest  symptom  of  moral  health. 
Q  the  latter  character,  he  bad  so  often  under- 
taken to  defend  what  was  really  unjustiBable, 
that  ilia  notions  of  mural  rectitude  became, 
gradually,  somewhat  confused.  Losing  that 
exquisite  sensibility,  which  constitutes  what  ia 
termed  a  tender  conscience,  his  prindplcs  grew 
ttnoertain  and  wavering  ;  until  at  last  he  im- 
posed false  views  of  virtue  and  vice  upon 
himself  as  well  as  otiiers.  His  defence  of  his 
own  inconsistency,  as  related  in  the  last 
chapter,  will  furninh  an  apposite  illustration  of 
the  trutli  of  these  remarks.  Eloquent,  hajipy, 
and  triumphant,  as  tliis  was  considered  by  tliuwc 
who  «aw  the  discomtiture  of  Tigellinui,  it  will 
suggest  to  the  moralist  many  sercreand  painful 
reflections  upon  tlie  weakneas  of  human  nature, 
Doe  of  tlio«e  who  have  been  esteemed  iU 


M 


STOMEDRNOIt;   OE» 


grcntest  omamunts.  Sucb  a  person  will  tmiB^ 
diauly  pcrceire,  that  the  inconsistency  of  Sfr 
ncca  was  not  justifiable,  and  tii&t  it  detneted 
from  tlic  wcii;lit  of  his  antlionty ;  he  will  iln 
perceive  tltnt  his  superiority  to  an  acknowln^ 
proflignte,  upon  wliich  the  piquancy  of  the  r- 
tort  rests,  is  no  real  couse  fur  triumph ;  and  bt 
will  regret  lliat  the  censure,  even  of  an  enan;, 
should  luiTe  induced  a  good  man  to  defend  tlul 
line  uf  conduct,  which  it  ought  mther  to  have 
made  him  instantly  abandon.* 

I  hiLve  ventured  to  mnke  tliia  digresaon,  t»- 
cause  Seiteca'sdcfence  of  himself  has  alvrays  been 
considered  arailahLe  hy  all  who  bare  rendoid 
themselves  Unble  to  a  similar  attack ;  and  rack 
pcrsuTis  are  apt  to  forget,  that  it  is  an  untentUt 
piece  of  sophistry,  wholly  at  variance  with  the 
Bpiiit  of  Seneca's  best  and  most  conudcnUt 
writings;  and  tliat  such  objur^ntiona  as  thcMof 
TigclUnu»,  if  deserved,  should  induce  htuuik- 
tion  and  contrition,  ratlier  than  false  i^ 
defence,  and  vain  exultation. 

To  resume  the  nanatire  :  the  condition,  ii> 

■  Had  SvDKn'i  dvfFiKe  twta  a  men  rttort,  it  »«u>d  b" 
hecn  more  cicaiablc ;  but  it  i>  brouf  ht  forward  bj  hia  m  • 
gnrt  jnitlficaUon  In  an  cUborale  Bat»j,  De  Vita  Beata.— E^ 


TRK    ROUAKS   IS    BRITAI!«. 

which    Seneca   oon-   found    hiroKir,   wsa  one 
apon  which  he   had   often  meditated,  in  tltc 
hours   of   his    pTo«pcnty  ;    and   ftlUiough   he 
could    not   help   feeling    scutcljr,    when    his 
musings  were  ciianged  into  resUtiea,  yet  his 
contemplotions    had    nutde  the    reverses    of 
fortune  familiar  to  him,  and  had  deprived  the 
blow  of  its  shock.     With   admirable  fortitude 
end    philosophy,    therefore,    l>c    resolved    to 
antirapatc  wluit  he  could  not  avert;  and  by 
ing  to  Nero  tlie  wealth  and  power,  which 
:hat  prince  had  conferred  upon  him,  to  pboe 
imself  at  once  beyond  xiie  reach  of  tlie  cu- 
pidity of  the  Emperor,  the  mflJignity  of  his 
coarticTs,  and  the  inconstancy  of  fortune.     In 
accordance  with  this  dcBign,  he  requested  an 
interview   with   Nero;  and    made   known   his 
intention  in  n  speech,  which  he  had  composed 
labile  pacing  his  own  deserted  tAblinuro,  where 
iung   his   fnvouritc   pointing  of   tlic   fortune- 
stricken  Mtirius. 

II  The  speech  vi  Seneca,  on  his  resignation, 
feogetlicT  with  Nero's  reply,  arc  both  recorded 
hi  Uie  inimitaUc  language  of  Tacitui;*  but  1 
cmnnot  forbear  gratifying  myself  by  a  geoeni 


*  Tat.  Aan.  SI*.,  e.  >J-9&. 


94 


BTONKaCS'OB  ;  OR, 


•Uuaion  to  the  topics  of  both  ;  as  no  tpc«i 
in  the  works  of  tli&t  master  orator,  SbaktpeaR, 
appenni  to  me  more  charactcristtc  of  lb 
q>e«ker,  tb«i  are  those  dcHvored  by  these  tn 
odebntted  personage*. 

Seneca  began  by  adverting  to  the  lengllW 
tine  during  which  he  had  been  devoted  tolbt 
Eni|)cror's  service,  which  now  unounted  Id 
fourteen  years.  lie  then  cited  examples  of  minit- 
terswho  had  been  allowed  to  retire  from  offioc. 
and  contrasted  their  merits  with  his  own,  M 
course  to  his  own  tlispnmgement — but  so  wvA 
the  more  to  magnify  the  unbounded  tibenlitj 
of  the  Fmperor  towanU  himself.  Having  is  At 
next  (ilacc  nrtfuUj  defended  himself  apiatf 
the  nttnckv  of  his  enemies,  on  account  of  bii 
exorbitant  wealth,  by  stating  tJiat  the  Em- 
peror's munificence  was  not  to  be  resisted;  hi 
concluded  his  memorable  oration  thus: 

'*  But  both  of  us,  Cffisar,  have  now  filled  tf 
our  measure — you,  of  what  it  was  passible  fu 
a  prince  to  give;  I,  of  what  it  was  possiblcfor 
his  friend  lo  rcwive.  Farther  generositf 
would  but  increase  envy ;  which  though,  in- 
deed, like  other  mortal  ills,  it  would  nut  rcatk 
your  eminence,  might  yet  fall  upon  me ;  mi, 
therefore,  it  behoves  me  to  avcnd  it.    Aa  is  ■ 


TBB    ROUAHa    IV    BBtTAIX. 


95 


fctniMugn,  or  «  n»rdi,  if  ovtrcome  by  bt^oc, 
1  would  supplicate  for  repose;  to  now  in  tlie 
joumcjr  of  life,  old  wiil  unequal  to  tu  pettiert 
cans*  I  can  no  longer  bear  the  bmtbea  of 

•wealth,  and  therefore  entreat  to  be  rdiered  from 
its  command.  I  beseech  jroa,  O  Cxsar,  that 
your  officers  collect  and  restore  H  again  to  the 
royal  treasory.  I  shall  not,  indeed,  force 
myaelf  into  jioTcxty ;  but  baring  giTrn  up 
thone  thinga,  by  the  faUc  gkre  c^  which  I  bare 
been  too  moch  daexled,  I  sfaaD  dcTot«  that 
time  which  has  been  bvjsbcd  on  my  gardens 

rd  villas,  to  the  improveinimt  of  my  mind. 
"  Yoo,  O  Cccsar,  ve  in  the  full  vigour  of  yoor 
oays,  and  experience  has  taught  yon  how  to 
reign  ;  bat,  surely,  your  more  aged  frienda 
may  be  allowed  to  seek  repoae :  nor  will  it 
diminiah  your  glory  to  bare  rabed  tboae  to  the 
mimmit  of  prosperity,  vho  can  be  content  with 
Umciliocrity." 

I     To  tliia  courtly  harangue  the   dinimilatiM 

■Emperor  replied,  in  a  manner,  wlodi  allowed 

^  no  deficicnc}-  of  natural  talenL    AAcr  haviag 

paid  lite  complimetit  of  adDnwlcd^iatf  ihM  W 

wai  indelKed    to  hia  former  tutor,  far   mt 

fmlity,  which  1m  might  poMcta,  ta  replyii^ 


96 


STONF.BESGB  ;   OH, 


extempore  to  this  preincdiutcd  addree;  ll 
proceeded  to  comment  on  the  cxunplcs  w^ 
duced  by  Seneca  3  stilting  that  none  of  tbcn 
afforded  an  instance  of  a  miiiiitter  haringbeea 
deprived  of  liia  property  on  quitting  his  ofieei 
adding,  with  an  affected  modest];,  that  tb 
wealth  of  Seneca,  far  from  surpauiDg  !■ 
merits,  did  not  eqnal,  he  blushed  to  sij,  lie 
opulence  of  some  of  his  fireednien.  He  tte 
orerruled  Seneca's  pretext  of  disabilitj*,  ta 
account  of  age ;  and,  finally,  refused  to  accepi 
his  resignation;  urging  his  on'n  need  of  ifat 
experienced  counsels  of  the  veteran  statestaia. 
•'  Should  the  volatility  of  youth,*"  said  be, 
"  lead  ys  astray,  it  will  be  for  thee  to  itaU 
our  steps ;  and  thus  minister  alike  to  tht 
stability,  and  to  the  glory  of  our  reign.  It  «3I 
not  be  attributed  to  tii/  modemtion,  sbonUri 
thou  resign  thy  wealth ;  nor  to  iMy  deshe  «f 
case,  sliouldst  thou  retire  from  Hxe  service  cf 
thy  prince;  but  it  will  be  imputed  to  w 
avarice,  and  to  /Ay  dread  of  our  n{»dty- 
Therefore,  Seneca,  should  thy  modenuoo  U 
applauded,  it  were  not  the  jmrt  of  a  wise  BW 
to  ])romote  his  own  glory  by  the  infamy  of  hit 
friend !" 


TUB    ROUANS    IN    BBtTAI.V. 


At  the  clou:  of  thi>  speech,  Nero  emhmcctl 

^htii  minister,  with  tlie counterfeit  exjiression  of 

Uic  wu-incst  siTection;   >o  farmed   hy  nature, 

kad  xo  practised  hj  lung  habit,  wm  he  to  con- 

ueal  tiie  odious  malice  of  hit  lieart,  under  the 

,V«tl  of  HimaUted  iVieiidit  hip  ! 

Scnecm.  however,  though  compelled  to  retain 

tis  office,  laid  aside  all  ita  pomp ;  and  as  lar  as 

ras  conaiatent  with  the  nlinoHt  nominal  duties 

[which   the  interference  of  the  Emperor,  and 

le  encruavhtuentii  of  his  sycoplianta  had  left 

lttU(  lived  ill  comparative  aec)u»ion.     Nor  yeaa 

'  hv»  lime  leas  usefully  employed,  perhaps,  than 

IE  would  have  been,  had  he  still  retained  his 

ministerial  functions ;  for  the  exerose  of  tliat 

didactic  talent,  which  beso  eminently  poaseiscd, 

watt    now    transferred    from   the  iocorrigible 

{ |iupil,  Nero,  to  others,  more  Ukely  to  lemu- 

I  Derate  his  labours.    Among  tbcae  nooe  was 

more  diiitiuguished  than   ClawKa,  wboae  tm- 

pruTcnient  corre»|N>nded   with    her  hi^  ad- 

vantages;  though,  pertiapa,  thoK  -f-iTigpi 

were  never  excelled. 

A  a,  llterefore,   Ctaodia**  character  wm  ^ 

much  moulded  by  the  edooboa  sUk  ^m 

now  received,  and  ai  bcr  < 

VOL-   It. 


98 


STONBIIBXCB  ;   OR, 


connected  with  the  fortunes  of  Seneca;  an^u 
ve  we  tuixious  to  render  our  readers  fuBifar 
with  the  manners  and  tlio  c-haracicn  of  ik 
principal  personitgcs  of  that  d^y  at  Rome,  h 
dope,  that  we  shall  not  incur  the  char^  rf 
having  made  an  irrelevant  digression,  by  n- 
turning  to  that  illustrious  philosopher. 

Seneca,  at  the  period  of  Ins  tendering  hiiifr 
slgnation,  although  far  from  being  an  old  nus. 
■was  hyno  means  unaffected  bjr  the  reTagn  wlnei 
Time  commits  upon  the  human  frame;  for  tit 
constant  U>naton  of  his  intellectual  powcn.iD< 
the  cares,  anxieties,  and  disappointments  in- 
cident to— we  had  almost  said— the  i^vtrn- 
ment  of  the  world,  had  induced  all  the  eob- 
sequences  of  premature  old  age  upon  Ml 
overwrought  system.  Added  to  this,  far  m 
afflicted  with  a  violent  asUmia,  wliicli  oAa 
eonfined  him  to  his  couch.*  Sadi,  iImd, 
were  the  accumulated  trials,  with  which  be  M 
to  struggle — age,  .sickness,  and  the  rcreiieit' 
fortune;  under  n)ii<rh  last  head  were  inelniM 
9tome  of  Uic  most  cruel  of  all  **  the  ilia  wbift 
flesh  is  heir  to,"  both  of  a  public  and  of » 
private  nature— the  ingratitude  of  his  Ions* 
cuerishud  pupil — the  triumphant  cory  of  liit 

•  ScDCCK,  Ef  Ht,  St. 


TIIK    HOHAKS    IN    DBtTAlN. 

rivBlft^the  frufltration  of  all  hia  public  efforta 

tand  poUtic&l  hopes — the  rcspoDsibility  of  tlie 
fcilcat  of  all  governments,  without  thv  honours, 
BiDoluments,  or  oontrol  of  it— the  burcavcmvnl 
of  an   excellent  fni'jid,  while  confiscation  uid 
death  were  suspended  over  his  own  head ! 
^K    'Extremity  is  the  trier  of  spirits;'   and  in 
vifewing  the  philosopher's    demeiuutur  in  tlilt 
one  cannot   help  uddreuiiig  him   in  htti 
>WH  language,— "3/rjyntur  MLiV:  aedundetcw, 
tihi  Jwtvna   non  dat  facuUatcm  athtbendie 
rlittii  ?•      Yes,  Seneca,  thou   wert  a  great 
nan;  but  I  should  still  have  doubted  it,  had 
it  not  been  for  this  udversitj  :— 


Hb  OTvrtbr«>  btoptd  liBppis»M  upon  kim  i 
For  (h«m,  and  nnl  till  lli«».  ti«  Ml  biintelf  ( 
Aad  round  tbc  blcaicda«*«  of  being  Kitlt.l 


^B  Let  us,  Iiowcver,  take  a  nearer  view  of  hin 
'  conduct,  and  scv,  with  what  weapons  he  armed 
^^him self  against  tliesc  various  attacks. 
^^  As  for  his  sickness,  lie  rcjmced  in  it,  as 
afibnling  him  an  opportunity  of  studyjl  and 
conrerted 


or  his  age, 

•0*  ProvidcutU.e.l,,*.  I. 

lEpl>u«7. 


to  a  subjec 

t  Iloty  VIU. 


F  2 


100 


9TONBHBNOE;    OR, 


for  merriment,  as  will  appear  from  the  follow- 
ing faoetious  Ictlvr : —  * 

"  Whercrer  I  tuni,"  he  writes,  with  h»- 
tnorous  exaggeration,  "  I  sec  proofs  of  mj 
ol<l  age.  I  went  the  other  day  to  my  countrr 
riUa,  and  having  complained  of  the  expense  of 
my  house  getting  so  much  out  of  repair,  mj 
boihfr  answered,  that  it  vras  no  fault  of  his ;  U 
had  dune  all  he  could,  but  that  it  was  gettiif 
old.  Now  this  very  villa,"  continues  Scnto. 
**  had  sprung  up  under  my  own  hands.  Vi\M 
am  1  therefore  to  expect,  if  stones,  no  oldtr 
than  mysflf,  have  decnye*!?  Out  of  hooionr 
witli  my  bailiff,"  he  continueii,  **  I  tetied  tht 
next  opportunity  of  finding  fault  with  hin. 
It  appearit,  said  I,  that  these  plane  trees  han 
been  neglected — they  have  no  leaves ;  see  ho* 
knotty  and  twisted  the  bought  are,  and  look  at 
the  mossy,  mouldering,  condition  of  the  trunb! 
This  would  not  have  liappened,  I  told  him,  if 
he  bad  dug  round  tlie  roots,  and  watewJ 
tliom.  My  bailiff,  however,  awore  by  oy 
genius,  that  he  had  done  all  tliis,  and  that  b« 
had  never  remitted  hi*  care,  but  that  the  trees 
were  old  and  past  cure!  Now  I  must  tell  jou," 
adds  Seneca  to  his  correspondent,  "that  I 
•  Epi*L  It. 


r 


THE    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 

tliese  wry  trc«s,  «n<)  thkt  I  saw  the 
Again,"  iie  purstien,  "  turning 
towards  tJie  gate,  who  is  ttiis  decrepid  uld 
man,  inquired  I,  and  was  proceediag  witli  other 
questiunn  relative  to  a  personification  of  old 
age  which  1  saw  there,  when  1  was  interrupted 
by  his  asking,  'Don't  you  know  roe?  I  am 
Felicio,  your  former  Uttle  pet,  for  whom  yon  tued 
brin^  home  gilt  g:ingerbread  *  from  the  fair." 
In  this  manner  would  Seneca  sport  with  his 
infirmities,  and  defy  tlie  attacks  of  nature,  as 
well  as  those  of  fortune. 

As  for  his  other  trials,  he  was  wont  to  boast, 
Uiat  adversity  had  no  more  jiower  to  alter  the 
mind,  than  rirers,  or  rain,  or  medicated  springs, 
t»  change  the  waters  of  tlic  sea,  which  they 
neither  aScct  in  colour  nor  in  taste,  t  Nor  was 
this,  in  tlic  present  instance,  an  empty  ora- 
torical flourish,  but  his  practice  corresponded 
with  his  profession  ;  for  although,  indeed,  his 
royal  master  would  nut  accept  of  bis  resig- 
nation, or  of  his  returned  favours,  yet  tlw 
philosopher  provided  against  tlic  very  pre- 
carious tenure,  upon  whicfi  he  held  his  Tist 
puB&esstons,   by  endeavouring  to  estnnge  ItU 

•  SIfillart*  >ffcm. 
t  D«Prorid.ti-t.l. 


103 


atokbhenob;  or, 


affections  from  thcto,  «nd  to  accustom  hinuelf 
to  those  privations,  against  irliich  he  felt  tbi 
he  had  no  sure  ^;uarantec  He  withdrew  luoi- 
self,  therefore,  from  the  prinixly  halls  whidk 
we  have  described,  and  retired  to  the  mm 
humble  apartments  of  the  house ;  and  in  orto 
to  sccuhtom  himself  to  inconveniences  lad 
annoyances,  tw  oho»e  for  hi»  study,  wbere  b 
spent  a  considerable  part  of  his  time,  a  rooa 
over  a  public  bath,  where  his  ears  were  labk 
to  every  npcciot  of  interruption,  from  tlw 
puffing  respirations  of  the  swimmer,  to  tbr 
l»ravy  plunge  of  the  diver :  while  the  gibhcriih 
of  the  Greek  attcndanta  contcatcd  tbc  pahn 
with  the  united  hubbub  of  anointen,  po- 
fumers,  baker's  boys,  aaussge-roen,  and  pailiy- 
cooks ;  and  perhaps  an  occasional  vocal  vghia- 
tary,  given  by  some  youth  enamoured  of  hit 
own  voice,  yielded  in  its  torn  to  the  looikr 
damour  of  some  sudden  liuo  and  cry  afW  m 
interloping  thief!  • 

The  same  antithetical  disposition,  whieh  M 
prompted   tliis   sudden    transition    from   tbe 
summit  of  studious  luxury  to  the  def 
artificitd   poverty,   determined  him    to 


the  number  of  hb  domcHtics: 
•  KfiM.  56. 


and  even  to 


THE    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN".  103 

admit  some,  whom  he  deemed  worthy  of  that 
Iionour,  and  others^  whom  he  hoped  to  make 
such,  to  his  own  table.  * 

NotwitbBtaDding  that  his  age  and  habits  of 
life  were  auch  as  to  make  luxaries  almost  neces- 
aaries,  yet  be  dispensed  with  them  all.  In  his 
baths,  he  contented  himself  with  but  one  atten- 
dant ;  and  bis  diet  was  so  moderate,  that,  to  use 
his  own  expression,  it  did  not  soil  his  hands — 
in  other  words,  it  consisted  of  bread  and  dried 
fruits,  t 

It  is  not  to  be  supposed,  however,  that 
Seneca's  mind  instantaneously  adapted  itself 
to  this  violent  change.  On  the  contrary,  he 
kcknowledged,  that  when  he  laid  aside  bis 
magnificent  eqiupage — bis  handsomely  carved 
carriage,  drawn  by  sleek,  well-fed  mules,  all 
of  the  same  colour,  and  attended  by  a  number 
of  Numidian  outriders ;  and  when  be  used,  in 
its  place,  a  shabby,  rustic  conveyance,  drawn 
by  a  pair  of  mules,  whose  lazy  movements 
hardly  sufficed  to  prove  that  they  were  living 
animals,  and  which  were  driven  by  an  old, 
barefooted  mule-driver ;  be  could  not  help 
blushing  for  bis  own  appearance,  whenever 
the  splendid  carriages  of  the  nobility  passed 
•  B^L  47.  t  Epitt.  83, 1.  3,  et  uq. 


104 


stonkiiknor;  or, 


him.  *  He  endeavoured,  indeed,  to  fortify  h'u 
iRitid  with  the  rejection,  that  Cato,  the  etoMt, 
liftd  heen  accustomed  to  share  the  back  of  • 
clumsy  gelding,  with  &  pair  of  pondenw 
■addli^baipi ;  but  it  was  in  vain:  and  he  «ii 
obliged,  for  the  present,  to  content  hinuctf 
with  tracing  the  evil  to  its  true  source,  namely, 
an  undue  concern  for  tlie  opinions  of  others 
and  a  falie  estimate  of  men,  by  their  exteml 
circumstiktices. 

However,  in  time,  his  mind  accommodated 
itself  to  his  self-imposed  privntioriit.  A  vist 
which  he  made  to  the  villa  uf  the  immortil 
Scipio  Africnnus,  &nd  the  contemplation  of  llit 
monuments  of  ancient  Roman  simplicity,  wUici 
there  surrounded  him,  had  tlie  effect  of  pro- 
ducing Uiis  cliange.  As  he  compared  the  iov. 
dark  hnth,  in  whiclithe  '  dread  of  CarthagcMiai] 
once  refreslied  his  manly  limbs  when  fatigncd 
with  rust4c  labour,  with  the  sumptuous  bathiag 
apartments  in  his  own  house,  resplendent  with 
silver  and  precious  stones;  the  soal  of  tk 
hero,  he  says,  seemed  to  him  to  descend  tnm 
its  celestial  abode  into  his  own  bosom,  and  ts 
inspire  him,  with  contempt  for  the  enemtisf 
luxurie«  of  the  age.  f 

•Bpf*t.8r,«.4.  t  RplM.8G. 


TUB   KOMANfl    IN    BRITAIN. 


lOS 


ftut  it  vnx  not  to  such  momentary  excite* 
incntu  as  those  produced,  by  standing  under 
Immblc  roof  which  had  once  Gheltered 
pio,that  he  trusted  for  a  permanent  change  of 
tcr.  It  was  rather  by  unwearied  study, 
Mlf-examination,  that  this  object  was  to  be 
'cctcd.  He  was  »  con8t»nt  attendant,  even 
his  latter  years,  at  the  scliools  of  philosophy ; 
and  ridiculed  the  idea  of  censing  tit  learn, becnusc 
only  a  brief  opportunity  for  lairning  remained. 
I*  Learn  as  long  as  yoa  are  ignorant,"  was  his 
motto ;  or,  in  oUier  words,  as  long  as  you  live.* 
He  esteemed  his  books  almost  the  only 
friends,  who«c  converse  was  safe  and  sin- 
in  those  degenerate  times,  and  he  was 
wont  to  say,  that  altliotigh  it  was  not  in 
^Ihc  i>uwer  of  any  person  to  choose  lus  uo/k- 
Hro/  parent*,  he  might  diooM  bis  adopted 
^ktreot,  from  any  of  the  sagea  of  olden  time, 
"and  not  only  inherit  bis  name,  hut  enjoy  all 
^  tlie  iiiiperiahalile  treasures  which  he  had  avcu- 
^nnulated.  t  In  the  contemplation  of  the  mag- 
^Blifioenoe  of  nature,  also,  he  learned  to  dc4pisc 
tJie  [Wtty  luxuries  of  life.  "  Oh,  how  contentp- 
">l«  a  thing  is  the  man,"  be  n-outd  exclaim, 
vho  does  not  rise  superior  to  human  affairs !" 
CyiM.  70-,  *.),«■  I  D«  Brrrluu  VLw,  e.  IS. 

r3 


I     fricni 


10b' 


vrOKEIIRNOB  ;  OB, 


HU  lioura  of  relaxation,  too,  vcre  nndc 
Rubwn-ient  to  liia  mental  improvement;  focil 
yita  his  delight  to  be  surrounded  on  ut  ctm>- 
ing  by  a  few  of  his  more  intimate  friends,  mi 
to  converse  M-illi  them  on  subjects  of  pUo- 
sophy  ;  and  when  conversation  flagged,  to 
resuHcilate  it  by  having  the  works  of  locnc 
favourite  author  read  aloud.  *  Nor  did  lie 
ever  retire  tfl  rest,  before  he  had  rerietred  thi 
events  of  the  past  day,  in  silent  meditation,  wd 
Rcrutinizcd  his  own  conduct   in    relation  M 

tb«in.t 

I'hus  did  S«ncca  endeavour  to  pradiM 
those  lessons  of  moderation  and  self-know* 
ledge,  which  he  has  inculcated  in  his  tn- 
gedy  of  TliycsCea,  composed  al  tltis  my 
time,  and  under  the  cireuinatancei  aboit 
described. 


Lfl  bill),  that  irill,  aKond  the  IMtcrisK  fcat 
Of  «nu(ily  griindcar,  nntl  beraioc  ■■  kk»I 
Al  >r*)  bi>  ranunt!ng  irl»1ica  ;  u  fur  me, 
Lrl  twcri  rrpotv  miiI  retl  mj  portion  W; — 
Gin  me  (utui^  dkmid  obuvrc  rtem — •  >pW» 
Ont  of  thf  rond  o(  buiio«a^^)r  Ikt  (ear 
or  fril1iii|{  1iiw«r,  Ac, 
DcAili  in  n  mrrr  aiirptlw,  a  frry  ■mm. 
To  liim  thRt  nmliM  ft  hi*  li's'*  B'^*'"'  < 


•Brio  61,*.  I. 


1  De  ln^llb.tii.,«.3*. 


THB    ROMANS    IN   BRITAIN. 


107 


To  be  a  public  pageant ;  known  to  all. 
But  noacqaainted  with  bimMlf  dotb  fall.* 


"Tbe  abon  extract,  from  the  Tragedy  of  Thyettei,  U  from 
the  tnnllatloa  by  iaigt  Bale,  wbo,  od  bU  retiremeDt  from 
public  life,  thuB  el^antly  emplci]>ed  bimielf. 


J06 


nONEIlllMCB;   OB, 


CHAPTER  VII. 

And  Ibou  dread  (UIOFiTct  niMeat  m 
ThcAutfprnt  form  of  naked  njBJcMy  - 
lliciu  irl>n  bi-iii<!dm,  'mid  the  u*aula'i  din, 
Al  Ihy  b*lli«d  bair,  ibc  bloodjr  C«Mr  Ik, 
Folding  liii  robr  in  dying  dittnily, 
ADOlTctinii  Id  tliiae  altu  from  ihe  qneen. 
0/  (odi  and  dien.  gnu  Nomoia !  did  be  die. 
And  lliDu,  Inv,  p«ri>b,  famftj  F     llarr  yt  ktcn 
Viclon«rcouiiIl«MktDgt,or  punxt*of  ■MOM'' 

CHILDB  Miati-u. 


A  PHitsoN  must  bare  been  more  tbui  (l^ 
dinarily  obtuse  of  intellect,  who  could  reauJB 
long  under  Seneca's  roof,  witbout  innproveineiL 
The  pliilosuplicr  seemed  to  live  onlr  to  in- 
struct ;  and  rarvl)'  opened  tiis  lips  but  to  exprtn 
sume  moral  nphorism.  It  is  not,  thercforct  u 
be  supposed,  titnt  Claudia  remained  uninfl*- 
eiiced  or  uiibenetited  by  bis  society.  Far  fnm 
it;  she  was  sensible  of  tlie  golden  opporiuiii- 
ties  whicb  she  enjoyed,  and,  to  use  ber  on 
language,  resolved   to  take  home  some  spoilt. 


TBS   ROMANS   IN    UBtTAlK.  109 

r  her  own  <Iear  country,  from  Rome,  in  re- 
Ual  tor  those,  which  tlie  Romans  bad  carried 
away  from  Britain.  Neverthcle&s,  hercharacter 
■■rould  have  l>c«n  vciy  different  from  wliat  it 
"subscqupntly  )»ecanie,  had  it  been  entirely 
□ludelicd  by  Scncc*'a  tutorage.  There  was 
•omething  too  strained  and  /ri|^d  in  his  philo* 
sophy — too  even  and  uoimpassioned  in  his 
conduct,  for  hia  example  to  be  so  persua- 
sive or  ao  odifyinK  as  it  would  hftve  been,  had 
his  actions  and  opinions  been  the  spontaneous 
effusions  of  nature. 

This  dclidcncy  was,  however,  amply  com- 
pensated by  the  influence  of  others,  into  whose 
company  Claudia  was  thrown.  Paulina,  the 
wife  of  S>eneca,  was  a  |>erfcct  model  of  tlie 
Koman  matron;  and  Lucaii's  wife,  the  high- 
bom  and  beautiful  Polla,  who  was  a  frequent 
visitor  at  iicxeca's  house,  vna  endowed  with 
every  graceful  accomplishment.  Nor,  indeed, 
was  Lucan  himaelt'  a  person  who  oould  associate 
with  another,  without  transfusing  some  of  bis 
own  noble  enthusiasm,  into  the  mind  of  Ids 
coropuitoit. 

It  was  Claudia's  fortune  to  be  a  special 
favourite  of  the  poet ;  for  it  delighted  him  to 
contemplate  the  motions  of  a  generous  spirit. 


110 


STONKIieNGB  ;    OR, 


which  had  never  been  oppressed  I)y  the  tnm- 
mcls  of  artificinl  society.  He  win  wont  total 
her,  his  young  BoBdicea;  and  often  declared  lo 
her,  that  he  wuald  nther  hare  descended  froB 
Cara«taciia  than  from  Ca;«nr. 

One  day,  as  he  was  taking  hrr  to  see  »oim 
of  the  curiosities  of  the  city,  they  happened  to 
pass  Pompcy's  Theatre,  and  Claudia  expressd 
her  admiration  of  its  magnificent  ttiarUc 
basilica,  and  of  the  tine  colossal  statue  of 
Pompcy,  which  stood  there. 

"  It  is  a  fine  statue — a  very  fine  statue. 
And  tAat  of  a  great  man  too,"  said  Lucu ; 
"  but  it  is  oot  of  its  proper  place  here." 

Claudia,  who  could  not  exactly  coincide  in 
tlie  propriety  of  this  remark,  asked  him  when 
he  woul<l  wish  it  to  be  placed. 

"  I  would  have  it  placed,  or  rather  replsced, 
where  it  formerly  stood,''  he  replied,  pointiii; 
to  some  ruins  of  the  Court  of  Justice,  eilU 
Pompcy's  Court,  at  a  tittle  distance.* 

^'  You  would  not  have  such  a  l>eaQtifti]  monit- 

*  PoiupcU  lUtviBm,  cDiitn  ibulrl  *]«  intii.  MinV' 
no  Jkqo  [(Icurjaii)  iu|ierpa>uit.  Uali>li«UB  t  iM 
in  na*  C.  CBMt  (uenil  occhia-Smtl,  in  Otur.  91.  ^ 
■1m>  notf*  on  tlic  itsDi*  of  ChiliJe  HaroU  pndM^  »  it* 
chapter. 


TlIK    BOMANS    IN     BRITAIN. 

ment  buried  iimong  those  ruins,  would  you }" 
^^aalicd  CUudia. 

H    "There  ia   afar  more  glorious  monument, 
Bwnong    those   ruins,"    atistrered'  Lucaii,  "  of 

■  which   this  stAtti«   formed   n   part,  and  from 
which  it   ouglil  never  to  have  been  severed." 

B     By  thia  time,  they  had  approuchod  the  ntc 
^mtlM  Curia  Pomi>eii. 

*'  Thcjv,"  said  he,  pointing  to  k  dUeoloiired 
.  p&ventcnt,  at  the  base  of  a  broken  pedestal; 
B'*'  that  btood-stained    marble    is    the    noblest 

■  BDonunient  in  Rome— for  there  Ccesar  fell  l" 

Claodia  would  have  naked  more  questions, 

1     respediiig  tlie    death   of  the   nii<;)ity   C(c«ir, 

B'whom    tier    imngination    tiad    invested    with 

superhuman  attributes  ;    but    she  perceived, 

that  Luean'a  mind  was  absorbed  in  eontempla* 

tion. '  Twas  well   that  she  did  not  interrupt 

I  the  train  of  his  reflections,  for  on  tliat  moment 

hung  ihe  weight  of  Lucan'M  eternal  fame. 

It  wiLs  there,  as  he  gazed  on   the  vindictive 

I'lwrainent,  revulving  the  fiitet  of  Cwsar  and  of 

I' Rome,  that  tbe  seminal  tdca  of  the  immortal 

Pliaraalia  was  conceived ! 

"  Yes,"  he  exclaimed,  cIaE[Mng  his  hands 
together,  aa  they  turned  away, — *'  yes,  the 
Hoiaana  even  tlurn  were  free  !'' 


IIS 


STOKRUSMaS;   OB, 


Claadia  ventured  to  asit  wlicther  diey  wm 
not  still  fre«  j  but  their  conversation  wai  in- 
lemiptccl,  by  ti  solemn  prooession  of  prieott  in 
white,  and  senators  in  purple  robes,  kll  crowMd 
with  laurels,  followed  by  a  vast  conooone  cf 
people  in  thctr  holiday  caps  and  garbs.  Tiai 
traun  w«»  proceeding  to  the  Temple,  to  oSa  > 
supplication,  or  tlianksgiTing,  to  ihc  gods,  u 
was  the  custom  among  the  Romans,  when  any 
very  fortunate  event  had  happened.  As  thty 
passed  Lucan,  he  turned  to  Claudia,  and  mii, 
loudly  enough  to  be  heard  by  all  : 

"  You  asked  me  just  now,  irhether  the  Ro- 
mans are  not  stitl  free.  No.  they  are  the 
basest  of  slaves," 

A  friend  of  his  among  the  crowd  imme- 
diately whispered  to  him, 

"  Lucan,  are  you  weary  of  your  life?" 
"  Almost,"   he  replied,  tuniing  his    bad 
scornfully  on    t)te  procession ;    without    ever 
deigning  to  uncover  his  head,  aa  one  tif  iht 
codbuIb  passed. 

Claudia  was  naturally  desirous  to  know,  what 
hiippy  event  had  occurred,  for  which  tlie  people 
were  olferirig  tlieir  thanks  to  the  gods. 

"  Ye  gods  1"  was  Lucan 's  reply,  as  be  struck 
hia  hands  tc^ether  violently,  ^  must  I  publish 


die 
ae-   I 


J 


I 


THE  ROMANII    IX    BKITAIN. 

tbadiagracc  of  Rome  to  a  descendant  of  Caroc- 
laeuB }  Nay,  but  ye  iiavc  published  it  your- 
Bctvcs  !'' 

He  tlitrn  told  her,  with  a  voice  half  choVed 
viti)  indignation,  that  tlicsc  oblations  to  the 
gods  hitd  been  decreed  by  tlic  Human  senate, 
on  account  of  the  death  of  the  unhappy  Oc- 
tavia,  (be  wife  of  the  Emperor,  u-hom  Nctx> 
himself  hud  caused  tu  be  most  cruelly  mur- 
dered, because  he  felt  a  preference  for  another 
woman  !*  Lucan  might  wcU  blush  that  these 
tilings  sltould  come  to  the  cars  of  a  descendant 
of  Canicta«us ! 

Claudia,  when  she  had  in  some  measure  re- 
coTcr«d  from  her  astonishment,  which  at  first 
nuutcrcd  every  other  feeling,  could  not  help 
inwardly  ejaculating,  "  Foor  Britain,  and  Hum 
are  thy  conqucmra  1" 

The  high-M>ulcd  Lucan  returned  from  his 
walk,  so  mortified  at  the  servility  of  his  country, 
and  her  humiliation  in  the  cycsof  the  strsnger, 
that  he  resolved  to  leave  the  city  imme<)iaiely, 
and  retire  to  his  country  villa.  1 1  is  resolution 
was  heartily  approved  of  by  Seneca ;  who  was 
very  often  alarmed  for  hia  personal  safety,  when 
he  heard  him  give  vent  to  his  aspirations  after 

*  T»r-.  Ann.  ii\,  C4  ;  whrrc  Ibc  nsdcr  miy  »,  wiik  »ka1 

noMc  isdigouioD  Tacttua  tteonb  tkii  dnusuuM. 


)t4 


STONEIieNQB;  OK, 


lihertj',  and  to  liis  impcticnce  of  the  iDmannf 
thraldoiTi,  untliT  wlticli  his  country  lay,  in  O' 
pressions  so  alien  to  the  spirit  of  tlioM  it- 
generate  days,  and  even  so  different  Irom  hit 
own  prudential  mnxims. 

Lucan  liad  been  a.  companion  and  farmrib 
of  t)tc  Emperor,  at  the  promising  conim«io»> 
mcnt  of  his  rci^  ;  but,  as  the  extreme  vicioui- 
nes.i  of  N>ru*s  c)i>rn«ter  began  to  dis]>Uy  i^ 
self,  and  to  draw  nround  liim  more  congentil 
couftiers,  he  soon  became  supjilanted.  He* 
tlierefore,  wisely  with<lrew  to  his  deligtitfbl 
suburban  villa,  on  the  scu  coast  nt  Laurentina, 
which  wcH  about  sev«n  miles'  distance  fiont 
Rome  I  and  as  Foils  had  conceived  a  retf 
strong  attachment  to  Claudia,  kIiq  inTited  bet 
to  accompany  thcni ;  to  which  proposal  Senta 
Uie  wore  readily  aa&ented,  as  he  thought,  itai 
his  own  mode  of  living  mij(ht  appear  aomevliat 
austere  to  his  young  pruti^de,  and  that  a  R- 
moral  from  the  city  would  be  a  remox**!  fnm 
many  temptations  and  corruptions. 

Although  it  is  my  object,  in  the  present  walk, 
to  furnish  the  reader,  as  &r  as  I  can,  withsfl 
the  information  neoessiu-y  to  enable  him  to 
form  a  correct  view  of  the  various 
brought  before  him  i  yet,  I  du  notdcemT 
minute  description   of  Lucan's  villa  reqniaK^ 


TRI   aOHAXt   IS    BKITAIN.  115 

after  the  detailed  aoconat  almdf  given  of 
Seneca's  muiston.  1  shall,  tfaenfore,  only  ob- 
■erre,  that  the  peiistyle  vas  {daced  before  the 
■triam  instead  of  be/iimd,  whidi  altostion  caused 
the  great  distinction  between  snbortnn  villas* 
and  town  houses.  The  pleasing  effect  of  this 
•Rangement  was  shown,  when  the  decorations 
were  snch  as  to  bannonize  with  the  niral 
leenery  which  opened  apon  it,  as  was  the 
case  in  the  present  instance.  There  was  so 
much  taste,  indeed,  displayed  in  this  particular, 
lliat  a  very  brief  description  of  one  of  tbe  chief 
mnaments,  which  presented  itself  to  the  visiter, 
may  not  be  anwelcome. 

In  the  centre  of  tbe  peristyle,  and  on 
the  borders  of  tbe  impluviam,  was  a  beau- 
tifnl  statue  of  Diana,  in  Parian  marble, 
ntrrounded  by  her  hunting-dogs.t  The 
majesty  and  grace  of  the  goddess  inspired 
a  feeling  of  venerstion  ;  while  the  life-like  atti- 
tude of  the  d(^,  some  of  which  were  springing 
forward  with  their  fore  legs  in  the  air,  exdted 
admiration  and  astonishment.  Behind  the 
goddess  was  a  rocky  cave,  whose  dark  sha- 
dows contrasted  well  with  the  bright  form 
of  Diana,  and  which  was  overrun  with  moss, 

•  VlWiT.  6-8. 

t  Vld.  Apnki  UMam.  lib.  II. 


116 


STONKIIEN«R  ;   OR, 


iry,  and  wild  flowers.     At  tlie   sides  of  iW 
nve,  and  overhanging   Uie  vrnter,   wen  Irat 
trees,   from   which   hung  pendant  gnpes  tod 
ajiplcs,   all    cxquisiteljr    wrought    in   coloured 
marble  ;   and   which,   being   mirrored    In  tbe 
tremulous  stream  below,  seemed  like  real  frvt 
waving  in  tbe  wind.     Among  the  leavea  «f 
these  trees,  was  seen  the  metamorphoiied  fonn 
of  the  too  curious   Acticon,  now  n  beautiliil 
stag.     The  execution  of  tliis   chef-^ttmrt  tt 
sculpture  was  such  as  to  arrest  all    rUitent 
and  it  was  observed,  that  no  person  ever  passed 
it,  for  the  first  time,  without  stopping  to  admtte 
it.     Is  it  wonderful  tlien,  that  it  has  detained 
us  for  a  moment  in  our  progress  ; 

Tliere  wait  an  ample  garden  to  this  villi, 
which  1  shidi  have  u  better  opportunity  of  dr- 
scribing  anon ;  in  tlie  meantime,  I  will  onh 
add,  that  nature  and  art  combining,  under  tlie 
direction  of  taste,  and  supported  hj  cofflmen- 
surate  weultli,  had  rendered  this  retreat  all  that 
a  ])oet  could  desire. 

Here  the  '  thought  divine,*  whidi  had  sprang 
to  life,  as  Lueaii  gazed  on  the  majestic  statw 
of  Pom|)ey,  began  to  expand  itself,  and.  ondtr 
the  fostering  influence  of  tliis  delightftd  sedii* 
sion,  to  throw  out  those  rich  bloasoma  of  gei 
whicli  were  never  doomed  to  ftde. 


TIIR    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


n: 


I 


LcKTC    vre    then    Luean    to   his  immortal 
labours,  while  wc  rpturn  tn  Clnucliii. 

Surroumlcd,  in  tliis  retirement,  bjr  all  that 
could  i>le»e  tlie  eye,  and  MKittied  by  all  tliat  the 
must  nKsiduouN  frieiidabip  cuuld  niiiiUter.  CLau- 
dta'ada)'))  [tasscd,  pleasantly  and  profitably.  The 
:sh-pond — the  violet-bed — her  harp,  and  her 
books,  afforded  an  agreeable  change  of  amuse' 
uents ;  yet  they  did  not  make  her  forfcet  her 
home.  Often,  on  a  summer  evening,  would  alie 
walk  nlonf;  tlic  shore,  and  watch  the  wild  ocean, 
which  played  at  her  feet,  aa  if  vainly  wisb- 
ling  to  bc-juile  ker  thoughts  of  the  distaoce 
vbich  it  interpoHed  between  her  and  home, 
until  the  tear  would  imperceptibly  ateal 
her  chrekk,  and  her  ai^b*  woold 
willi  the  murmur  of  the  waves.  Aa 
leet  from  Britain  was  expected, 
walks  along  the  shore  became  more  fre- 
quent ;  and  indeed  she  spent  a  copadgraibfa 
portion  of  her  time  in  tliis  manner,  with  bcr 
favourite  Virgil  in  her  hand,  seated  on  ■  rock, 
which  overlooked  the  sea,  and  from  which  she 
could  pbtiidy  distinguish  the  ships,  whidl 
iitcred  tlie  mouth  of  the  Tiber. 


^  couh 
K«iitci 


CI 

My  friend  l[et  shjpirn 
Unheeded  by  the  gods 
Their  iatfea,  the  relii 
Tom  (rom  the  nahed  j 
By  the  wild  winds,  km 
Lie  impotent;  nor  cui 
The  drifted  veuel  sheii 
And  on  her  shatter'd  m 

PBRSIU),  AD4FTBI 

Having  thus  t 

heroine,  for  the  pr 

Pudens,  whom  we 

in  the   unprofeaaii 

The  immediate  rei 

•  Dryden,  in  ■  note  , 
of  PerBiu»'8s«timi.  .... 


TUB   ROKANB    IN    niltTAIN. 


119 


T  gallantly  was  the  centurion  sliip,  vacant  by 
ic  cleatli  of  Valeos,  with  tlic  promise  of  his 
tcral's  interest  to  procure  him  the  post  of  a 
ipilar,  which  was  a  post  of  roiUtary  prcfcr- 
nt,  that  raised  the  person  promoted  to  the 
|uestrian  rank. 
I'udeiis  had  not  had  mach  persooal  inter- 
)urse  with  Arvira^us,  afier  this  appointment, 
a  acctmnt  of  tlic  remoteness  of  his  slstion, 
'hich  vna  at  Rhutupinum;  the  ruins  of  which 
nt  are  now  risible  in  Ricliborough  caMtle,  not 
r  from  Sandwich,  and  about  a  mile  and  a  Italf 
Dm  the  retiring  sea ;  hut  which  at  that  time 
Btually  frowned  over  the  wavc$.(H) 
High  in  tJic  conhdcncc  of  his^ncntl,  rudeni 
\s  dispatched  to  Home,  with  tiie  care  of  the 
inaport  ships,  bound  thither  from  Briuin  in 
e  saromer  of  the  year  C4.  In  the  course 
his  voyage,  a  dreadful  storm  nnnc,  in  whicli 
ro  or  three  of  the  accoui[Muiying  vessels 
erished,  and  his  owrn  was  dixniastcd,  and  sus- 
ined  m  touch  damage,  that  it  wot  tliought 
qicdient  to  remore  the  crew  into  a  galley 
MarseilloB,  which  hod  joined  their  ileet 
protection  ;  and  which,  being  more  sub- 
ontially  built  Uian  their  own,  had  not  been  so 


ISO 


stonehengr:  or. 


much  injured.  As  the  waves  nn  furiou^; 
high,  it  was  not,  of  course,  an  easy  tuk  to 
transfer  the  crow  from  one  vessel  to  stiotber: 
the  two  ves^eU  were,  however,  sfter  much  difr 
cultj-,  warj>cd  together,  und  all  had  now  ebn- 
bered  into  the  galley  except  Pudcns,  who,  «•■ 
aidering  it  bis  dutj*  bs  officer  to  sec  the  at* 
safely  shipped,  remained  the  last. 

Now  it  hapi>ened  sini^larly  enoujjh,  tbiloi 
board  this  galley  was  FrothoU,  who  was  |»- 
eeeding  to   Komc,  to   seek  restitution  of  !• 
property,  whirli  Arviragus  had  very  proprif 
cunfiitcated.     Frutliall   had   nut  seen  hii  liM 
since  the  battle  of  Sherbonte  Chaw ;  but  as  hi 
MOW  saw  liitn  alone  on  the  deserted  vessel,  At 
tliought    flnnhed   ncroNs  his  nrlfiil  mind,  tW 
the  present  was  a  St  opportunity  of  n(Ui>{ 
himself  fur  ever  of  one,  who  not  only  had  btca 
his  advcrxiu^-,  but  who  might  defeat  the  fu- 
pone  of  his  visit  to  Rome.    The  means  of  le- 
compHiihing  this  project  immediately  presenu' 
themselves  ;  and  fortune  particularly  &vo«nd 
him  in  carrying  ihem  into  effect;  for  jiistn 
the  unsuspecting  Pudens  was  about  to  teave  tk( 
disabled  vessel,  Ryno,  who  now  acoompatnd 
him,  KB  a  kind  of  valet,  called  out  "  The  tick 


TUB   SOMAN'S    IN    BRITAIN. 


121 


m  1 — ^the  ncfa  man !"  Tliis  sick  man  vua 
a  friend  Linus,  who,  indeed,  liad  been  sirk 
bugh,  and  bad  been  kid  up  in  a  litter,  tike  » 
'ing  man  ;  but  tbe  chance  of  escape  had  had 
Bh  an  effect  upon  bis  irregular  spirits,  that 
threw  otr  liis  pallium,  and  panula,  and 
Ibcd  all  tbe  supernumerary  vests  in  which  be 
t  been  packed,  and  was  one  of  the  first  U> 
Ic  the  galley. 

^  no  person  near  had  seen  any  thing  re- 
Sbling  bis  abstract  notion  of  a  sick  man ; 
BBBS  went  below  in  quest  of  bis  friend. 
pVothall,  who  could  not  have  desired  a  more 
'Ourahlc  opportunity,  cut  tbe  cord  which  had 
t'nd  to  brace  the  vessels  together;  a»d  tbe 
jUcy,  having  a  shred  of  a  sail  which,  from  tbe 
Itence  of  tbe  gusts,  could  be  neither  reefed 
k  haui'd  down,  soon  parted  company  with 
i  more  tardy  companion. 
fVben  Pudcns  had  refined  the  deck,  there- 
fe,  he  fuund  himself  deserted,  and  his  crazy 
tocl  drifting  about,  at  the  mercy  of  the  waves ; 
isle  the  gnllcy  was  almost  borne  down  by  the 
le.  Witlimit  a  moment's  delay  or  consideni- 
h,  he  plunged  into  the  sea,  in  the  vain  lioj)e 
reaching  it  hy  swimming,  but  the  immersion 
VOL.    II.  O 


IflS 


nONEHKNOS;   OB, 


nione  wu  ftlmnst  sufficient  to  connnoe  1iim«( 
ttie  futility  uf  this  nicusurc :  for  it  wu  <nlj 
when  raised  for  a  moment  to  the  summit  dt 
wave,  tliat  tlte  galley  was  at  sUl  risible. 

Meanwhile  the  storm  increased  :  the  Mtim, 
as  th<;y  raised  tbcir  crests,  were  dashed  'att 
the  foam ;  and  the  foam  itself  was  fiittered  hIii 
hase.  By  an  almost  miraculous  clianee,  Padeiii 
recovered  his  own  vessel ;  the  sides  of  whick, 
iu  the  present  state  of  the  aea,  it  would  hiM 
been  impossible  to  climb,  had  it  not  been  tlit 
the  larger  portion  of  the  grappling  cord  dangM 
from  tlieru,  having  been  cut  close  to  tlie  otte 
vessel.  I'oor  Bran,  too,  which  had  been  givra 
him  by  Arvingus,  and  was  now  hia  feBiff 
traveller,  was  in  great  danger  uf  >>c'mg  Iml 
tliroiigh  hrr  own  fidehty ;  for,  not  bnding  ha 
nuurter  in  the  galley,  bo  which  she  had  be« 
transferred,  she  had  swum  back  a^n. 

In  the  mean  time,  it  may  be  remarked,  iD 
had  not  ]iuxs«d  quite  so  unobsorved  in  Ihe 
galley  ax  Frottudl  could  have  wished ;  for  Ryoo 
had  seen  him  sever  the  cord,  and  bad  no  soomT 
seen  it,  tlian  h<!  had  revenged  it,  by  burling  hia 
into  the  sea,  us  he  leaned  over  the  sides  of  dir 
vessel — there  to  meet  th«  fabe  deseed  for  Ul 
rival.     Nor  did  it  seem  certain,  that  Uyno  hiv 


TRB   ROMANS    IN"    BBITAIS. 


123 


I 


I 


would  cscapo  that  fate  :  for  a  vioknt 
(c  uoae,  between  t)ic  sailors  of  the  galley 
■nd  tbe  crew  which  Iiad  just  been  quartered 
upon  them;  the  former  espousing  FrotliallN 
pari,  and  the  latter  Kyno's.  This  confiiakin 
alonc^  would  liare  prevented  the  ship's  being 
so  manoiurrcd  as  to  alford  any  asaisuncc,  either 
to  Puduns  or  Frolhall ;  but  the  increased,  and 
still  increasing  fury  of  the  storm,  was  auch,  as 
to  render  the  most  judicious  etTorts  wholly  un- 
available 

Tlw  rago  of  the  elementa,  however,  produced 
oitc  beneficial  effect :  it  effectually  mantered 
and  *ul>ducd  tlte  luniult  of  human  pauions! 
A.  gigantic  wave  swept  off  two  or  tliree  uf  the 
ooBtbatants ;  and  the  rest,  sensible  uf  their  own 
danger,  immediately  laid  asi<)e  tlieir  animositv, 
and  coo|>cratcd>  with  the  most  perfect  unani- 
mity, in  attemptini;,  in  compliance  with  the 
remonstrances  of  Linua  and  Kyno,  to  pat  the 
galley  about,  in  order  to  succour  Pudrns :  but 
the  galley  was  as  httle  under  their  pilotage  as 
the  Aoatiii;;  island  of  Atalantn  would  have  t>cen ; 
and  our  hero  was  ciinHi.v|Ucntly  left  to  his  fattf. 
Tlius  alwnilonedt  Puilrns,  wishing  to  remain 
on  deck,  lashed  liimKelf  to  the  cleTaicd  prow 
which  bore  Uic  figure  of  l*rometlieus;  and  had 

O  2 


124 


BTONEHEVOR  ;    OR, 


Bcnrcfly  done  so,  vhcn  the  vessel  became  a 
cuiuplete  wreck.  The  stem  being  carried  vwtij, 
the  provr,  under  which  he  and  hia  dog  ntt 
oowcrtng,  ovcrtMiIanccd  the  remaining  part,  mI 
fell  prostrate  on  Uic  water  ;  in  this  sitnatiM 
it  remained  floating  and  haoj'ant,  in  conse^iiMaac 
of  it«  concave  shape.  In  this  scallop  iM^ 
Pudcns  Lay  all  tlic  remainder  of  that  day,  mi 
the  whole  of  the  night,  without  seeing  mf 
other  object  than  those  savage  wa\-es,  at  wluii 
his  heart  so  sickened :  still  liope  did  M 
sJtogether  forsake  him,  as  he  kncir  that  Uk 
larger  part  of  his  fleet  remained  1>ehiiid. 

To  his  infinite  joy,  when  ho]W  deferred  hid 
almost  made  his  heart  sick,  he  saw  one  of  that 
vessels  borne  along  towards  him,  diimaital. 
indeed,  and  in  the  most  shatt*^red  plight,  b« 
still  outliring  the  stonn.  He  ahotited.  vi 
made  sigmds  to  her — but,  aJas  1  the  lioal  (J 
the  winds  drowned  his  puny  voice;  and  tb 
mountainous  billovrs  obscured  his  petty  fbnn' 
It  passed  him ! 

Heartless,  and  almost  hopeless,  he  no* 
Buppli<^t>.?d  the  heavens  with  vows  and  pn}'m: 
and  Neptune  seemed  at  last  to  lure  beedn) 
him :  for  the  ocean,  though  fearfiilly  «iU, 
became  somewhat  less  furious,  and  hisstrMO- 


THE    ROMANS    IX    DRIT.VIX.  125 

ing  eyes  once  more  beheld  a  vessel  approach- 
ing him.  It  seemed  impossible  that  this  vessel 
could  leave  him  far  out  of  its  course :  and  he 
had  scarcely  time  to  congratulate  himself  upon 
this  drcamstance,  when  he  saw  it  on  the  sum* 
mit  of  a  mighty  wave,  almost  suspended  over 
bim,  and  bearing  down  with  such  appalUng 
velocity,  that  he  thought  it  must  inevitably 
overwhelm  him.  He  uttered  a  shriek,  which 
the  voice  of  the  tempest  itself  could  not  drown ; 
and  the  steenman  hearing  it,  and  seeing  whence 
it  proceeded,  gave  the  rudder  a  violent  turn,  so 
that  the  vessel's  side  merely  came  into  slight 
contact  with  his  own  raft  ;  the  only  mis- 
chief which  ensued  was,  that  Bran  was  shaken 
out  a  few  yards  to  leeward,  and  his  master  al- 
most stunned  with  the  concussion. 

The  captain  of  this  vessel  being  a  Tyrian,  and 
like  most  of  his  nation,  a  very  skilful  navigator, 
and  being  also  a  benevolent  man,  commiserated 
Pudens's  situation,  and  ordered  his  vessel  to  be 
put  about,  with  the  view  of  taking  him  in.  His 
attempt  waa,  however,  v^n;  the  waves  ran 
fdiiously,  and  all  the  art  of  the  mariner  only 
enabled  him  to  fetch  three  wide  circuits  round 
the  helpless  raft ;  during  which  Pudens  re- 
covered Bran  ;  and  the  benevolent  Tynan  was 


IStl 


btonbubngb;  or. 


obUg^i  >'9  It"    predeooBora    had    donr.  w 
abandon  Pudcns  to  bis  fiite ! 

It  wore  vain  to  Bttvmpt  to  describe  the  fad- 
ings of  Pudcns,  BR  he  saw  tliia  vessel,  on  vtadb 
his  lust  hojies  were  6sed,  leave  him.  Dwdv 
and  that  of  n  most  lingenng  and  horrible  IbdA 
seemed  ik>w  to  await  him  !  He  was  left  not 
only  to  die,  liut  to  feel  himself  die  !  la  tlii) 
ugoniting  Hlate,  Kuireritig  from  hunger,  and  cod- 
liisiotiM  eaused  by  the  bufTettng  mrcs;  aad 
what  is  worse,  almoHt  mhid  from  tlitrst,  he  «is 
drifted  ahoiit,  till  night  came  on. 

About  midnight,  as  he  was  cndeavourinf  to 
doso  his  deapairing  eyes,  be  caught  sight  cf* 
glimmering  light,  whicli,  from  its  fixed  povitiai, 
ti«  flattered  himself,  was  a  beacon  trocn  tbt 
shore.  This  revived  bis  almost  extinguiiM 
liopea  ;  for  he  thought,  and  rightly  thoo^ 
that  he  WAS  not  very  far  distant  from  hnil. 
Ilie  wind  now  abated,  hut,  alas!  alast  to  coot- 
pletc  tlie  horror  of  Pudcns's  aituatioo,  tbc  tidr 
changed,  and  began  to  ebb  from  the  sboRi 
and  every  wave,  therefore,  carried  htm  fuitWr 
from  the  goal  of  his  hopes.  Faint  and  &nud>* 
ing,  he  sunk  doni)  in  a  state  of  dcspur,  wUck 
soon  gave  pUice  to  a  state  of  inttensibility. 

Oh  who  cnn  estimate  the  pangs  which  lint 


THR   ROMANS   IN    BRITAIN. 

tnsensibUtty  saved  bim !  for  dre&dfii]  ax  hut 

ksuffcrinspi  wcrv,  it  would  have  given  the  neV  of 
anguish  one  more  excntcinting  turn,  had  he 
Itnown  llie  fact,  thst  the  light,  from  which  every 
Wkve  w«s  hurrying  him  further,  proceeded  from 
the  tower  of  bis  friend  Lucan,  who  waa,  at  that 
^kery  moment,  consuming  bis  miilnight  oil  ta  the 
^dcKCriplion  of  II  storm,  to  the  Iiorrors  of  which. 

Ibis  friend  was  exp«vc<i !  Yes — there,  iji  s 
hvourite  triclitiium,  which  formed  part  of  a 
tower,  projecting  so  far  u|>on  the  beach  as  to 
be  washed  by  tlie  wurea,  was  Lucan,  absorbed 
in  stuihous  rapture ;  and  while  billow  after 
biUow  in  sepulchral  mimicry  was  rolling  over 
the  senseless  body  of  poor  Pudens,  be,  like 
le  Genius  of  musings  invoked  by  Kirke  White, 


r 


IVbcn  Rum  gMUt  b»lroda  tb*  vintod  ilonB, 
Sm  la  lib  lonclj  nidt-tower,  when  lin  luiip 
Vk\mt  bUila^  (track  ibc  witck'd  man'i  tre  tnm  fir. 


128  ITONEHENOi;  OB, 


CHAPTER  IX. 

The  dog  who  laj 
Befora  Raiiill&'i  feet,  eying  him  loag 
A  ad  wUlfuJlr,  bid  reeogoiied  it  ieagtb 
Hi<  noble  muter.    And  he  row  and  licked 
His  iricb«red  hand,  and  earneitly  looltcd  Up, 
With  eye!  whose  human  meaning  did  not  need 
Tlie  aid  of  speech  ;  and  moaiied  as  if  at  once 
To  court  and  chide  the  long  witliheltl  caress. 

SOtTHEI. 

One  morning,  after  a  very  furious  stona, 
wliicli  had  raged  all  that  night  and  tlie  preced- 
ing dity,  leaving  behind  it  a  swell  of  the  se», 
which  had  not  yet  suhsiiled,  Lucan  invited  his 
wife  iind  Claudia  to  take  a  stroll  with  him  on 
the  beach. 

"  If  you  win  come  with  me,"  said  he,  "  I  will 
tell  you  what  enijiloyed  me  so  busily  yesterday 
and  last  night." 

"  It  ought  to  have  been  something  of  im- 
jiortance,"  said  his  wife,  "  to  have  compensated 
you    for   remaining   so   long   in   that  rocking 


TBI   BOMAKt    IX    BBtTAIN.  129 

tower}  which  I  expected  every  moment  would 
hare  been  swept  ftvar  br  the  liirioas  wares." 

"  And  if  it  had  been  swept  away,  methinks 
1  could  have  died  content,''  replied  the  enthu- 
siastic Lacan ;  "  I  should  not  have  lived  in 
vain,  had  I  only  lived  to  see  that  ma^ificent 
storm  yesterday — but  the  swell  is  still  very 
grand ;  for  the  wind,  though  not  very  violent, 
is  due  sooth-weat ;  but  we  are  losing  time — dn 
you,  ladies,  accompany  me  ?" 

"The  weather  is  so  boisterous,  1  should 
prefer  remaining  within."  replied  Polla;  "but 
Claudia  can  go  if  she  tikes ;  although  I  would 
strongly  recommend  her  to  follow  my  ex- 
ample." 

**  1  do  not  mind  the  weather,*'  answered 
Claudia. 

**  1  thought  not,"  observed  Lacan,  as  ha 
almost  dragged  her  away  in  haste,  amid  tht 
entreaties  of  his  wife,  that  he  would  not  venture 
too  far  on  the  beach. 

"And  take  care,  Claudia,  too,''  said  Polla, 
"  that  Lucan  does  not  lead  you  into  that 
danger  in  which  he  so  delights." 

Lucan,  with  all  Ida  haste,  had  not  forgotten 
to  take  his  pagUlaret,  or  writing  tablets,  with 
him,   which,  together  with  his  afylta,   hand- 

g3 


ISO  tTomHaHsai'-oft 

kerchief,  wid  pane,  won  mpendad  fioa  i» 
iriDge  of  his  girdle. 

"Thia  storm,*'  asid  he,  addreHiiig lunudfli 
Claudia,  "  thia  storm  wu  the  moet  ftnteartt 
thing  which  oould  have  heppened  t  I  mi  Jat 
wanting  to  describe  a  rtonn,  and  eooU  Ml 
have  had  a  better  opportonity  of 
one,  than  I  had  yesterday  from  my 
ninm." 

He  then  began  repeating  lOtae  of  tiw 
which  he  had  written  :— 

•^— Ttntam  natiUa  Tidere  trMaratei^ 
Fluctibus  e  sum  mil  praceps  mare.  * 

Seeing  Claudia  impressed  more  with  tbe 
grandeur  of  the  scene,  than  with  that  of  lui 
verses,  he  remarlied, 

"  You  cannot  hear,  can  you,  Claudia  ?"  And 
without  waiting  for  a  reply,  continued  in  s 
louder  voice — "  Nothing  improves  the  vwc 
more  than  reading,  amid  the  noise  of  the 
waves.  Demosthenes  taught  us  this  usefbl 
lesson : — 

Curaque  tumeote*  ; 

and  he  continued  swelling  his  lunga,  until  tbef 

*  The  venes  here  cited  are  contained  io  tbe  Pbaltdi^ 
lib.  T.,  T.  639.,  et  aeq- 


THB  BOHANS   IN   BBITAIN.  131 

were  ready  to  burst,  and  walking,  as  it  were, 
into  the  surge, — 

Rdthu  hUnL— — 

The  other  part  of  this  line  was  lost ;  for  as 
he  had  adranced  unconsciouBly,  during  his 
reotation,  some  angry  billow  filled  his  mouth 
fiill  of  sea^water,  as  it  was  opened  to  give  effect 
to  the  last  word. 

This  by  no  means  disturbed  his  equanimity, 
though  it  recalled  his  attention  to  hii  situation, 
■Dd,  as  it  would  appear,  inspired  him  with 
ft  new  thought ;  for,  as  he  receded,  be  ob- 
aerred, — 

"  Ah  t  how  magnificently  they  roll  and  curl ; 
I  had  not  observed  that  beautiful  overarching;" 
and  then  whipping  out  his  stylus  from  hia 
girdle,  he  substituted  the  following  exquisite 
lines  for  some  indifferent  ones,  which  he  had 
previously  written  :— 

Nod  dUo  littorc  larfuat. 
Tarn  nlidi  Bnctn*,  alioqnc  ei  oriw  rolati, 
A  BugDO  reDCTC  nari-  * 

While  he  was  thus  employed,  Claudia's 
attention  was  attracted  by  some  animal,  which 

•  Phara^  lib  <r.,  w.  CIS. 


us 


STOXBIIBNOS;  QBf 


wu  thrown  appnreiitly  tireless  on  the  be 
but  which,  as  she  apjiruaclieil  it,  gvn  toot 
indicBtions  of  ritalltjr.  The  »e*  foun  ud 
vri-cds  had  50  disguised  it,  that  it  wu  some 
time  before  she  discovered,  that  it  was  a  \BTgt, 
half-fain  islicd  dog.  Lucan  was  too  humane  to 
allow  80  valuable  an  animal  as  a  dog  to  perish 
through  neglect ;  and  therefore  returned  to  the 
bouse,  iind  brought  out  some  food  for  iL 
Claudia  threw  her  pamtila  *  around  it ;  aad 
the  sun,  wliieh  fell  hot  upon  the  sands,  aoon 
revived  it  sufficiently  to  enable  it  to  tako  sooe 
food.  Its  strength  gradually  retum«d  ;  for  it 
was  only  suflenng  from  exhaustion;  and  the 
tirat  symptom  of  its  recovery  was,  an  ovtf- 
whelming  embrace  which  it  bestowed  on  its 
benefactress.  The  poor  animal  now  sliooi 
itself,  and  displayed  the  shape  and  figture  of  • 
large  kind  of  staghound. 

"  llow  like  this  is  to  my  father's  poor  Bnaf 
said  Claudia. 

The  sentence  wiut  hardly  concluded,  before 
the  grateful  animal,  whether  in  recognition  of 
her  own  name,  or  of  hiN  fonncr  miatreu  [foi 
it  wuM  our  old  acquiuntance,  the  white-breoMed 
Bnn),  disphtyed  such  signs  of  pleasure,  » 

•  A  kiad  or  rtcmh. 


I 


TIIIC    BOUAN8    IN     BUITAIN. 

iflst  drew  tears  from  tJi«  eyes  of  the  spec- 
tators, who  coDBistcd  of  unc  or  two  sailors 
belonging  to  Locan's  establishment. 

"Tin  Bran!"  exclaimed  Roscrana,  almost 
overcome  vritli  nstonislimcnt. 

Brail  Iiuviitg  by  tliU  Lime,  in  some  measure, 
regained  her  former  vigour,  to  the  surprise  of 
all,  left  her  half-fmislied  and  uft-int«rrupte(l 
meal ;  and  bestuwing  a  mere  jiassing  ulute  on 
his  mistress,  seized  the  skirt  of  Lucan's  tunic, 
and   eiideaTUured    to   lead     him   towards   the 


I 


-  The  poor  creature  plunged  into  the  furious 
billows,  from  which  it  had  so  reocntlr  escaped, 
and  moaned  for  some  one  to  follow ;  and  being 
disappointed,  returned  to  land,  and  then  agun 
plungvd  into  the  waves,  rcp«utii)g  these  gestures 
several  times. 

As  soon  as  Claudia  had  recovered  from  the 
first  paroxysms  of  surprise,  she  suggested  her 
surmises,  that  poor  Bran  uiust  liave  escaped  a 
wreck.  With  this  due,  t)ie  motions  of  tlie 
more  tlian  liidf- reasoning  animal  were  very 
intelligible  ;  an<l  were  no  sooner  understood, 
tliKh  the  generous  Luean  resolved  to  follow 
his  guide,  be  tl>e  consequences  what  thoy 
might. 


134  STONMBBiraBt  OB> 

A  galley,  which  had  been  the  day  hmn 
safely  moored  to  the  beach,  bnt  wUidi  < 
left  sereral  yards  finm  the  retiriiig ' 
immediately  launched,  notwitJutan^ng  Ae 
remonstrances  of  his  saolon,  who  were  doqiMBt 
in  describing  the  dangers  of  a  lee  abort ;  and 
in  a  few  minutes  Lncan  was  embarked,  recitilg 
in  tnamph  another  Hne  of  hia  yeaterdn^ 
tasks- 


Sperm  miDH,  Inqni^  P*l*gii  tMteq—  flnat^ 

TVide  liuoD.  ■ 


Poor  Bran,  forgetful  of  her  late  fatigues  and 
perils,  and  strengthened  and  directed  by  tlie 
unerring  guidance  of  Him— 

Who  bide  the  ttork,  Columbus-like ,  explore 
HeBTeoa  nol  hia  own,  and  worlds  noknowa  before, 

plunged  into  the  defying  billows,  and  trndthta 
trackless  wastes,  with  as  much  alacrity,  and 
apparently  with  as  much  certainty,  as  she  would 
have  pursued  her  way  along  ber  best-known 
paths.  Ever  and  anon,  indeed,  she  looked 
back,  but  it  vr&s  to  see  whether  her  guidance 
was  followed ;  and  sometimes  she  would  raiie 


of 
bu 


TUB    H01IAN8    IN     UHITAIN. 

i«r  head  out  of  the  water,  and  paildle  about 
with  her  feet,  without  makinft  wuy,  us  though  to 
t  herself  :  od  such  occasions,  an  agony 
of  anxiety  vna  visible  in  her  countenance; 
but  still  she  continued  her  pilotage.  She  had 
tiov  swum  ttercnd  miles,  when  bcr  progress  be- 
ine  slower  and  slower,  and  a  fre<)uentl]r  re- 
peated low  voiced,  whining  kind  of  luirk,  an- 
nounced tiiat  her  strength  was  fast  ebbing. 
:e  sailors  tried  to  take  her  into  the  boat  i  but 
site  wotdd  not  allow  it,  bat  pursued  her  weary 
way ;  until  at  last  her  Bcc«Icimtod  qwed,  and 
quick«nrd  bark,  showed  that  abe  fancied  she 
waa  not  verj  diiitiuit  from  her  goal.  She  now 
elevated  herself  in  the  water,  u  though  to 
ccNDinand  a  more  extensive  view ;  and  witli  a 
piteous  moan,  iihifted  her  direction,  as  if  the 
object,  wKieh  site  was  in  pursuit  of,  had  drifted 
from  the  place  where  she  liad  left  it. 

Haring,  however,  repeated  her  reconnoitre 
scvi'Tal  tinii-s,  )>lie  exerted  the  reniuns  of  bcr 
strength,  with  tlte  must  distressing  ardoar;  and 
at  last  approaching  a  kind  of  raft,  which  was 
Soatingoii  the  wares,  which  shcattcmptcd,  hut 
in  vain  t<i  clioih,  she  whined  in  a  very  pecu- 
liar manner.  A  human  hand  was  seen  hanging 
hstlculy  over  tlie  side  of  the  raft,  which  the 


136 


btonehevge;  or, 


^^B      poor  creature  affectionately  licked  ;   and  thn 
^H      exiiauatcd,    sank    to   rise    no   more  !    I  Ao 
^H       >iot  know  whether  the  milon  felt  the  gmttt 
^m        anxiety  for  the  shipwrecked  individiul,  mior 
^V         their  faithful  guide ;  but,  oertaiiily,  the  fotowf 
H         was  not  attended  to,  until  every  effort  had  bet*> 
H  made,  but  made  in  rain,  to  save  the  Utter. 

■  It  was  impossible  to  rcet^niEe  the  ft 

■  and  almost  equally  so  tlic  form,  of  the  htt: 
I  being;    his  oozy  locks  streamed   wildly  o' 
I  his  pallid  countenance ;  the  foam  of  the 

had  wreathed  his  brows  ;  and  the  sea-weed 
vested  him,  ax  if  it  had  been  hix  xhroud.    Tt* 
body,  however,  seemed  still  to  have  •ome  t3K» 
bers  of  vitality  smouldering  within  it ;  for  »3- 
though  the  extremities  hung  cold  and  li«deaK> 
there  seemed  some  little  warmth  abovt  ibf 
client  and  trunk.    Willi  difliculty  it  w«s  n> 
moved  into  the  boat ;  and  with  stiU  more  difr 
culty,  fur  the  surf  ran  high,  was  it  coureycd  tt 
the  ithore. 

T\w  task  was,  however,  acoomplished;  aii 
in  the  course  of  time  the  flitting  spirit  n 
soothed  tu  linger  in — 1  had  almost  said  to  n- 
tum  to,  Jier  cheerless  tenement. 

The  first  r*y  of  animation,  which  strug|^ 
through  the  half  opened  eyes>  discovered  tu 


TUK    SOMAN8   IN    OSITAIN. 


137 


'  Claudia  the  emanated,  and  Uanlly  recognizable 
coantenauoc  of — Pudcns  1 

■     The  surprise  of  all  parties,  and  tbc  delight 

'of  Lucan.  by  whom  Fudcns  was  grcstly  be- 
loved, may  l>e  more  easily  conceived  than  ex- 
pressed :  but  the  present  %vas  no  time  Ibr  ex- 
ultation ;  extreme  exhaustion  having  so  debili- 
tated the  sufferer  as  to  render  his  life  and  reason 
vo'y  prcrarious.  Itwns  long  bcfure  he  could 
bear  the  lights  or  was  at  all  sensible  of  his  real 
litiutMn ;  nor  could  he  for  several  days  rccog- 

^nise  his  kind  deliverers. 

^f  la  the  mean  time  the  most  delicate  andasai- 
dnoiu  attentions  were  paid  him  by  his  amiable 
host  and  hostess ;  to  facilitate  Iiis  recover}', 
he  was  conveyed  to  Lucao's  sanctorium,  which 
WM  a  chamber,  with  a  little  library  atid  p«r- 

Blour  attached,  to  which  Lucan  was  wont  to 
retire,  during  the  celebration  of  the  Saturnalia, 
as  being  the  only  part  of  llic  house  which  did 
not  echo  to  tlie  clamour  of  tlie  rioters.  Tliis 
retreat  was  peculiarly  adajited  for  an  Invalid ; 
being  in  a  distant  port  of  tlie  house,  separated 
from  tlie  other  rooms  hy  double  walls,  with  an 
intervening  empty  space ;  and  having  shutters 
and  a  small  stove. 


modify  tlio   light 


heat; 


•  Plin.  Eful.  Ub.  ii.  epM.  19. 


138 


noRBHBitasi  oa. 


Podens*!  fint  inqniiy,  I  am  hi^?  *■*  ^"^ 
to  record,  waa  retpectbig  bu  dog;  nd  }m 
grief  for  the  ftHhfol  ■mnial's  frte,  vhidi  ww 
attempted  in  tud  to  be  oonoeiled  fionlnBi, 
retarded  hia  recuvcry,  u  the  docton  dedn«^ 
for  some  days :  moumiiilA,  u  be  bed  not  nn 
Claadia,  dnce  be  vu  able  to  datjngoiih  In 
friends,  Locan  amnied  binudf  with  pbnang 
a  surprise ;  not  doabtang  Ibat  tiw  ubKnaUsg 
alteration  in  her  appearanoe  wonld  nods  i» 
cognition  somewhat  diffionlt  to  her  fbmar 
tutor. 


THl   BOHANB   IN   BBtTAIK.  139 


CHAPTER  X. 

Qirt  with  mMBj  ■  baron  bold 
SaUimc  their  sUrrr  front*  the;  rear; 

And  gor^DDB  damei,  and  itateiineii  old. 
In  bearded  majaty ,  appear. 

Id  the  inidit  a  form  dmne  I 

Her  tje  procUimi  ber  of  the  Briton  line; 

Her  lion  port,  her  a«e  commaodjag  face 

Attemper'd  ivpet  to  Tir^n  grace. 
What  itrisga  i^phonioni  tremble  ia  the  air '. 

What  itrainsof  Tocal  traniport  roand  herpla]'! 
Id  afterdiyi,  ihallTaUi»iD  bear. 

And  draw  fresh  ioipirstton  from  the  lay, 
Bright  rapture  calls,  and  aoaring  ai  the  aingi, 
WaTei  ID  the  eye  of  Hearen  her  many  coloured  wingi. 

OKar'*  BIRD. 

As  soon  as  Pudena  had  become  convalescent, 
it  was  resolved  that  he  should  offer  his  oblor 
tiona  to  Neptune  for  his  preservation,  and  that 
the  evening  should  be  spent  in  a  festive  man- 
ner at  the  poet's  villa ;  where  a  few  of  the  most 
intimate  friends  of  both  parties  should  be  in- 
vited.    Before  this  took  place,  however,  Lu- 


uo 


8T0NKUBNGB  ;  OB, 


can  thought,  that  lie  would  introduce  Podeu 
to  his  former  pupil,  whom  in  conse<iuence  el 
his  oonfincmcnt  to  the  sanctorium,  he  bad  not 
y«t  seen.  He  accordingly  chose  the  lime,  whtn 
Polla  was  accustomed  to  feed  her  tame  fisk,* 
as  Claudia  usually  accompanied  her;  shcbariig 
also  a  favourite  trout,  which  she  was  wont  to 
summon  to  receive  its  morning  portion,  bri 
thrum  of  her  h»rp,  with  which  instrament  At 
generally  amused  herself,  for  some  time,  altR 
having  attended  to  her  pet. 

In  tliis  manner  were  they  occupied,  vkn 
Lucan  led  Pudens  to  them,  as  though  accidcB- 
tally.  Polta  was  leaning  over  the  marble  ed^ 
of  the  piscina  ;  and  Claudia  was  seated,  vilk 
her  harp  in  her  hand,  in  a  rustic  grotto,  M 
which  she  was  very  partial,  and  around  whiA 
a  vine  threw  its  wild  tuxariaticc.  A  amaU  bM 
very  beautiful  cascade  dashed  from  the  nxfa 


*  Thr  rtiyfATOiiritc  aDHileHHMI  of  til*  RiMMaBfal 
ume  fisli  u  tliui  iiUui]i!d  ta  by  Marliki, 

Piicina  tbi>iiibuin(<t)  piicil.  ot  lupca(A)  nnust 
NruI  ml  inii||iilruui,  dfUotla  >nurBai(c), 
Nomf  nrulilor  mu^ilcm  ('/j  riul  notun, 
Et  ulcsH  juiai  prodeuQt  «me(  nullj. 

£plg.  «»»,  IB. 

(a}  'ftarbot.  (t)  Native  tlurfcoiL 

(t)  SilTer  tel.  (-O  Mulbt. 


■ni   ROMANS   tN    BRITAIN'. 


1-1) 


! ;  and  the  murmur  of  the  waters  fnlling 
DSt  at  hor  feet  gave  a  delicate  softness  to 
the  tones  of  tlic  iiistrumonL 

Claudia  tuul  suspended  her  struns  at  tbe  ap- 

IproBcb  of  the  visitants  ;    but  Lucan   begged 
her  to  resume,  thus   iadircctly   leading    his 
Oompanion's  nttentiun   to    her.       As   Pu<)ens 
looked  up,  Cluudta  blu.ihed  and  tnmbled ;  and 
to  hide  Iter  emotions,  bent  over  her  harp,  and 
concealed  her  &oe,  as  much  as  she  could,  with 
H  the  rini;lcls  of  Iior  liair.    If  her  object  had  been 
Hto  avoid  recognition,  !>he  certainly  attained  it; 
Halthough  Pudens  turned  his  eyes  towards  her 
Htnorc  than  once.     She  had  attempted  a  Koraan 
air  adapted  to  one  of  Horace's  odes ;  but  litrr 
emotions  were  such,  as  to  cause  her  to  play 

Ivery  much  out  of  tune ;  and  Pudens,  who  loved 
music  could  not  help  observing  to  Lucan  in  a 
wbis|)er : 
"  1  admire  her  6gure  more  than  her  perforro- 
Booe.*'  He,  hovevcr,  thanked  her,  when  she 
had  done,  addin;;,  "The  water  gives  a  delicate 
softness  to  jour  notes;  but  you  will  pardon 
me,  I  hope,  if  1  say  that  you  should  honr  tlie 
liarp  played  in  tlic  country  firom  which  1  am 
<  come,  to  judge  of  its  capabilities.    You  Roman 


H2 


STOKEHKNOC;   OR, 


ladies,"  said  he,  taming  to  PoUa,  *'  atut  jidj 
to  the  Britons  there." 

**Perliap9,"  faultcred  Claudia,  "yoa  oauU 
give  UH  a  specimen  of  British  loinalrclay." 

The  harp  was  aoconlingly  pu&sed  to  hoiu 
and  taking  it  up,  with  some  apologies  and  pn- 
testations  against  judging  of  the  niinstrefay  d 
the  Uritish  Bards  hy  his  performance,  be  utrad 
off,  with  great  aniniatiun  and  effect,  a  melodj 
which  Claudia  hcrsdf  had  taught  htm ;  and 
which  she  had  Icsmt  from  old  Morgan. 

lliiit  was  too  much  for  poor  Claudia :  tkt 
grey-headed  bard — the  willow-tree — her  lathtf, 
and  her  father's  balls; — all  swam  before  bff 
eyes,  as  the  tears  atrcamcd  do«-n  Iier  bcaabfnl 
countenance.  She  hid  her  face  behind  tk 
vine  tendrils;  and  retired  to  weep  ont  (tf 
sight. 

Lucan  had  observed  this;  andwaai 
that  Pudetis  should  hare  another  trial 
his  readiness  of  recognitioii.  In  the  eveni^t 
as  had  been  arranged,  a  small  party  met  at  Lu- 
can's,  consisting  of  Scneoa  and  his  wife,  thi 
young  PcTxius,  Tcnax,  a  stnuiger  whom  I  sWf 
afford  another  opportunity  of  introduang  hiai- 
aelf  to  my  readers,  and  our  friends  ClanA 


TBE    ROMANS   IN    BRITAIN. 


1-13 


P 


and  Pndcns.  The  company,  tncladtng  their 
boat  uitl  hostess,  did  not  exceed  eight  in  Doro- 
ber  I  which  was  as  manj'  as  the  Tortoise-shell 
table  calJed  a  Sk/ma,  on  which  the  ftut  was 
set  out,  would  ■n.'onimodate. 

Tlie  occasion  being  one  of  unuiua]  featiirity, 
though  of  a  private  nature,  the  guests  were 
crowned  with  garlands,  and  presented  a  very 
picturesque  group;  but  as  we  hare  alrvady 
given  such  a  foU — perhaps  it  might  more  pro- 
perly he  said  such  a  probx — account  of  a  feast 
at  thu  Emperor's  tabic,  wc  will  nut  wi'Jirv  the 
reader  with  a  description  of  the  eatertaiiimcnt ; 
but  content  ourselves  with  a  brief  glance  at 
some  of  the  guesta. 

At  one  extremity  of  the  table  sat  PoUa.  at 
whom  we  shall  only  observe,  tliat  it  was  not  in 
the  power  of  a  high  towenng  head-dress,* 
which  accorded  much  more  «-tth  fashion  tliaii 
taste,  to  conceal  her  beauty.  Next  to  her  re- 
etioed  Lucan,  whose  vivacious  countenance 
expressed  every  passing  emotion,  and  agreeably 
relieved  his  natural  Spanish  gravity,  lie  was 
habited  in  a  new  equestrian  suit  of  peculiar 
a])lendour — a  toga  white  as  the  drifted  snow, 


*  SmMlnai  cotom.  Sut.  Sih.  lik  u  t.  S. 


144 


STONBHBXaX  ;    OB, 


the  ujipCT  part  of  whtcli  was  ooncvftled  )n  a 
kind  of  tunic,  oJled  a  tacfma  of  the  richest 
Tyriaii  purple,  with  a  border  of  invrongk 
gold,  called  an  a**gv»litlave.  He  lutd  laid 
anide  his  red  morocco  slippers  with  th«  itatf 
hnif  moon  lil)ula,  wliich  vaa  one  of  the  iniigBis 
of  n  Rnnimi  knight:  but  lie  disphi%-etl  the  tn- 
oquiToeal  gold  ring  ;  and  ii  Urge  Mirtloiij'x  tig- 
net  hung  from  hia  neck  itus)M*iK)ed  by  a  Tieh 
gold  chain* 

Next  to  him  sat  the  lovely  Claudia,  wbo, 
with  idl  her  guilelessness,  was  not  ignorant  of 
the  charm  which  elegance  imfurht  even  to 
henuty  itself.  Her  dress  naa  in  tlic  Oreciu 
mode,  which  prcvailetl  almost  exclusirdy  ta 
the  higher  circles  of  society  at  Rome.  It  odo- 
Histcd  of  It  white  paUium,  or  loose  upper  gar- 
ment, fringe!  with  gold,  and  of  such  dclicatt 
texture,  that  Seneca  called  it  "  woven  wind." 
It  was  fastened,  on  the  right  shoulder,  with  aa 
emerald /iu/a,  and  fell  in  graceful  folds  abost 
her  knees;  where  it  dinptnyed  a  silken  jtfais. 
or  under  garment,  nf  celestial  blue.  Her  hau 
was  wreathed    with  roses;  but   dusicfed  m 


•  For  Ibe  drNi  of  ■  Romio  Kaiglil,  vU.  HwL  Bp%.l 
II.,  e.  2). 


TItK    BO»ANS    IX     nittTAIN. 


145 


y  profusion,  nbout  her  neck  and  thouldcn. 
Her  right  urn  wax  bsirct  with  the  exception  of 
a  pearl  bracelet;  as  were  also  her  tlelicate  an- 
cles, her  yellow  shoes  being  left,  as  was  cus- 
tomary, at  the  door." 

Nest  to  Claudia  reclined  Seneca,  in  his  se- 
natorial  robes  of  scarlet,  with  tlie  deep  border 
of  embroidered  purple  and  gold,  called  the  Jsfj. 
eiart.  lie  looked  indeed  like  a  '  pillar  of 
state;'— 


Dwp  on  liU  fron  t  cajrarcs, 
Ddibentlion  wt.  *ud  public  e*rc; 
Aa4  princrijr  «Miawl  in  hi*  fata  fM  iIum 
M^Mtic 


■  ILTOM. 


Bj  hia  side  sat  the  affcctiunatc  Paulina,  who 
proved  herself,  as  ready  to  share  his  death,  as 
Ilia  life  and  honours.  There  was  nnthif^  re- 
markable about  her  dress,  which  of  course  u-as 
rich  and  magnificent,  except  her  car-rings, 
which  wore  of  such  immense  value,  a<i  to  have 
furnished  one  item  in  Tigcllinus's  charge  of  ex- 
travagance against  Seneca. 

Next   to  Paulina  lay   Pudens  ;  whose   pale 
sturea  contrasted  with  the  embronsed  coun- 

*  Sf«  Pocdptu,  TQl.  ri.  |Jkif  oppo«ii«  p.  311. 

VOL.    II.  B 


146 


STONRnRKOB ;   OB, 


tentnce  of  Ten«x,  n  togit'd  ndvociil«,  vbon- 
cliiied  between  him  nnd  Pentius  hy  whom  tW 
opposite  extrcinit;^  of  tlte  table  vn*  occupW. 
A  perton  who  had  mnrked  the  toft  and  faat- 
nine  features  of  the  youthful  Persius,  no  pM^ri 
liarty  expressive  of  modesty  «nd  Bmishil^ 
would  have  been  surprized  at  the  inflexibli 
stoicism  and  grave  indignant  censare  of  Id» 
precocious  satires.**  To  him,  we  might,  tndfed, 
with  angular  propriety,  apply  the  Unci  itf 
Martial  — 

CaMu*  pmribiw.  InUBer  padorc. 

After  dinner  the  company  were  amused  wili 
the  feats  of  some  rope-dancers ;  who,  dftned 
liltc  Ihc  Hours,  were  lightly  tripping  upon  thi 
unseen  cords,  resembling  aerial  inhabitants  pc^ 
funning  their  noiseless  evolutions  in  mid  «r.  A 
myrtle  br»nch  vna  then  presented  to  Pndflk 
who,  afirr  Iiaring,  by  the  desire  of  the  vm- 
pany.given  them  a  brief  narmtiTe  of  hUadnr 


•  Full  nornm  1rnl»ilinoniin,  rcfccuodl*  TkflMll>  1*^ 
na  pvlebrv,  plaulli  <^*  malrm  ct  aat«««tn.  il 
fwrnplo  fUlEri«iiti) — Suti.  in  Kfa, 

t  Epig.  lib.  VI.  c  28. 


ILill 

"as  JMn~ 

^  9  Xi  x^^ciuuF  jiiiitfr'JwiTt  snGitsc^  ^sk- 

•nrniwrmary :  asiarilness  3>xw 
aa  BBxe  pmecak  Hx^f^  She  wms 
,  t&a£  Paiieiis  lad  x*  Teco$iute<i  her 
- ;  aad  loe  «aa  ttill  man  iDartifi«J  at  th« 
at  Mr  awbnnj  debtXt,  in  th« 
Momiwg :  both  of  tfa«se  redections  were  somo 
vlnt  a^rmi^cd  bj  the  iiuiidiereac«,  with  which 
Ae  barp  bsd  been  pusnl  to  h«r.  Pudens 
had  bidced  hoped,  that  she  would  have  refiiaed 

B  ^ 


MB 


ktoneiibnob;  OB, 


it,  and  liod  not  perhaps  been  able  to  concnl 
his  hope,  from  t)ic  penetration  of  fcm^c  tun- 
tiny.  Amid  these  conflicting  feelings,  a  cov 
aciousness  of  povrcr  began  gradually  to  mani- 
fest ttM-II',  and  gave  a  triamphant  cxpranioa 
to  her  dark  blue  eyta, 

A  wild  symphony,  with  which  she  prvluiM 
her  snng,  soon  huslied  erery  whisper,  mI 
drew  erery  «j*e  upon  the  performer ;  who.  wilk 
the  modest  grsce  of  a  newly  b««tiiied  fpiiil 
stringing  her  virgin  liarp,  sang  the  foUonif 
strain  to  her  natire  land ; — 

D«r  Und  of  mjr  Cftthers!  Eiir  liltof  Ike  w»l! 

To  lhc«  my  tout  ctln(r>>  ■•  a  <hilil  Ui  Ibt  br«M(i 

It  Joys  <n  thy  )ny.  Inlbj  wimiw*  It  moarni  ; 

And  Khf  rv  mr  it  wtniln*  Is  Am  it  retunM. 

So  (hr  ■iiQ  in  Lit  <ii«n«  lhn>u(h  the  rrgioM  of  *lt 

Mityaiiiilc.  or  inaj- front*,— hat  be  tHtW*  n«t  Um«| 

Uli  cyc*ul)  li  fixM  i>h«r«  atona  W  Ota  >m. 

And  hi*  >U>r<l*  Sf  more  ni/Uf,  tb«  B(»m  IhiC  Wetf ! 

Stnfalli  Ihy  4trk  Onkt.  ■hoo  the  worM  ]rrt  WM] 
Tby  iUttli  nfl-l  ilif  Dru  iili  Ihcir  mLJnuhl  liyiMW  MafiS 
Wlicn  llic  ik|>lli*  of  the  torrtX  flemu'i  bfinbl  ntlihlbdrl 
And  itii-  n<|[l-l  irfiid  Hvtn'd  huili*d  to  the  louBd  o/l&idrf 
Thuir  nniudl.  rouar*!,  t«vple«  Ar  god*  •c'vr  cooADcit, 
Far  ihry  titH|lii  ili*l  no  (curr*  ■  arlnt  canWMlt 
Ami  lliat  UWt  hot  •  (Ecm  on  lUrrnilf '»  brraitt 
In  the  Otrt  n  nf  tkiiF.— a  mttt  Itit  of  tbc  WcM  | 

Thoiigh  oihir  Innili  haiii  of  a^MnnW  ctime. 
or  rinr*  inon  inpid,  nnd  bill*  more  aahllDM  t 


'TUS   MIKANS    IN   BRITAIN. 


149 


b*  «m  tor*  Uu  hMdlf  iht  piM*  «f  Utnm 
i  uh**  MiDptml  villi  tb«  Mglv'*  hupt  OMt! 
-Iho'  lr*i  vilJIy  (b^  rir«ri  miijr  flov, 
of  iR]r  fithen  ii  niimyi'd  bcloir  i 
ndi  BHf  mort  oftca  o'enliiifow  Ihjr  hrcMt, 
odi,  UM>,arc  buutcoui,  wlieii  trva  in  ttit  Wc*l!(l) 

idia  would  have  prolonged  Ui«  strain, 
e  bad  touched  too  potent  a  apetl ;  uid 
notions,  which  she  bad  awakene<),  like 
of  the  Hebrew  captive  by  the  Hvera  of 
>u,  were  too  intense  for  uttentnce.  She, 
MV,  laid  her  harp  aside,  aa  soon  as  slie 
to  feel  her  voice  falter. 

melody,  it  is  admitted,  woi  simple 
ti :  but  sung  in  the  impnusioned  manner, 
true  feeling  inspired,  and  accompanied 
instrument  which  seemed  to  be  con- 
by  mere  volition,  its  effect  waa  almott 
cibable.  Thin  etTect,  too,  waa  height- 
ijr  the  youth  and  beauty  of  the  pcrform- 
1  by  the  interest  of  hersituation,  exited, 
appeared,  fn)m  her  native  land,  whose 
image  not  all  the  luxuries  of  Rome  could 
from  her  bosom !  Under  such  cir- 
Uices  her  perfomiaiice  could  not  fail  to  be 
ng;  but  tiie  action  acquired  a  degree  of 
ktty,  when  wc  take  into  considersUon  the 


ISO 


aTONKHEXaB;  OB, 


mokal  courage  which  it  required,  in  the  poti^ed 
•odety  of  Komc,  to  jirofc^ii  attachment  kn 
place  esteemed  so  barbarous  lu  Bhtun !  Lo- 
cal) fdt  this,  and  npplaudcd  it,  with  the  gtat- 
mus  Hiduur  which  distinguished  him;  umI, 
indeed,  lltcrc  w«s  but  one  person  vho  did  do( 
join  in  the  general  applause — that  indiTidal 
WSB  Pudcns'.  Puden»,  alone,  could  duly  ip- 
predate  tJte  magnaniaiity  t^splnred  in  spetl^ 
tng  with  »uch  etitliusianm  of  Briuin ;  for  he  Mt 
humiliated,  wlien  he  rejected,  that  be  had  samt- 
times  blushed  to   own  his  country. 

Admiration  and  sarpri*e>  therefore,  at  the 
greatness  of  mdI  and  general  improreinai^ 
which  Itc  bclii?ld  in  Claudia,  rendered  him  ps- 
fectif  mute !  He  could  scarcely  bclierc,  thai  tbr 
elegant  form  so  tastefullj'  nJomed  with  a  Gr^ 
<rian  vest,  and  whose  e«ery  morement  was  4t 
development  of  some  fresh  grace, — 

WboM  roiof  Ml  nastc'stoAo*!  IU7, 
And  b«i  foiin  llic  conirlint  wjmantrf,—^ 

was  the  same,  whos«  simplicity  rather  than  as; 
other  of  her  endowments,  Imd  charmed  him- 

*  Hou'iEatearRaifb. 


TOE    ROUANS   IN    BRITAIN. 


151 


Tbot  nnip1icity>  indeed,  remained ;  but  it  was 
mixed  wiUi  so  much  ivfiiivnicnt  and  dignity, 
tbat  Claudia  wa.i  only  di»UnguiHlicd,  from  the 
accomplished  and  eourtly  wife  of  Lucan,  and 
the  ladies  who  viaJtcd  her,  by  the  wont  of  that 
cejiw>rioiisncs!(,  superciliouaiiea>,  md  inconsi- 
derate dctnution,  wliich  the  most  amiable  oc- 
turcs,  by  a  residence  in  tlio  circles  of  fashion) 
and  by  the  substitutjmi  of  what,  at  tlie  pre- 
sent day,  would  be  considered  a  vulgar  ain- 
xy. 

UnuMed  to  the  dissimuktioni  of  polished 
life,  it  was  almost  amusing  to  hear  her  remarks 
the  manners  of  her  assioeiatcs.  To  ftaga  a 
idneis,  witieli  wu  not  felt — to  slander  a 
pemuii,  fur  whom  the  most  intimate  friendship 
vnu  pn^feKsed — to  conceal  feelings  whtcli,  like 
the  Spartan  boy's  fox  gnawed,  unseen  i— these 
oonveiitional  vices,  in  which  she  was  so 
unpractised,  that  she  sometiraes  dispbyed  a 
most  provoking  ignorance  and  dulnew  of  oom- 
[prebenaion  regarding  them.  This  was  of 
course  deemed  great  awkwardness  and  stupi- 
dity by  those,  whose  conduct  she  sometimes 
tnroluntarily  exposed ;  but  it  endeared  her  tlic 
lore  to  tiiose  who  vren  capable  of  appreciating 


^■mre 


ISS 


eTONSUKKGB  ;  OB, 


her  purity  and  guilclcssnesa  of  xml,  b; 
which  she  cxcit«d  rather  envy  than  tidh 
cula.  Few  persons  could  appreciate  thii 
transparency  of  character,  this  nim  i» 
piicitai,  AS  it  was  bnppily  styled  by  thi 
poet,  MaitiAl,*  hetter  than  Pudcns ;  ul 
few  wuin«n,  who  could  have  inteqiretcd  Uk 
ardent  look  of  admiration  with  which  he  g»(d 
on  her,  would  tiitve  been  offended  at  hit  a- 
lencc ;  for  indeed  it  was  far  more  eloquent  Ihtf 
words. 

Pudena's  silence,  howcrer,  was  of  short  d»- 
ration;  for  common  courtesy  demanded,  tbtf 
he  should  advance  and  greet  Ro&crana,  afta 
so  lonjs;  a  separation :  and  1  am  sorry,  that  it 
impartiidtty,  which  is  incumbent  opon  on  his- 
torian, obliges  me  to  atate,  that  PadaA 
greeting  was  more  awkward  than  became  i 
mere  fashionable  acquaintance — such  ^owA^ 
rrct  dit)  young  gentlemen  commit  in  oMes 
time  for  want  q(  having  studied,  Hints  on 
Etiquette  I 

Lucan,  however,  with  that  kind  respect  h 

*  Quo  ate  Binrrrior  ■Iter  k^bttBr 
FoelorTi  dm  mivn  lim/flirttatt  ftinr. 


THB    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN.  153 

the  feelings  of  others,  which  constitutes  true 
politeneas,  perceiving  the  observation  of  the 
company  fixed  upon  them,  relieved  them  firom 
their  embarrassment,  by  reading  to  his  guests 
the  description  of  the  storm  to  which  we  have 
raferred,  as  well  as  some  other  parts  of  the 
Fharaalia  which  he  had  lately  Enished.  By  this 
artilice  he  drew  off  their  attention,  until  it 
became  more  deeply  absorbed,  by  the  discus- 
non  contained  in  the  following  chapter. 


154 


STO.VEnF.yOB  ;   OR, 


CHAPTER  XI. 


The  {RMBl  arfomeaC  i*  lb*  diom  afadiMtod  ibM  fM  I 
■■■(■(•d  loi  it  ilrsini  Dijr  (KBltiot  lo  ibrir  kigbMt  MMA' 
and  I  dMiw  the  reader  M  ■nnJ  vith  ibp  ntmoK  jerpa^i 
for  I  nvw  pracMid  to  uarsrcl  lUi  kaotiy  potni. 

■win'i  TALX  01  *  TUk 

List  sny  of  tny  reiulers  should  oomplBO, 
tliiit  I  hnTC  drawn  theiu  unvrwily  into  t  dry 
liisctisNion  oii  ethics,  and  in  despnir  of  findiq 
Uteir  way  out,  throiv  down  my  book  in  dufMt; 
I  have  selected  a  motto  expressly  to  (bnon 
them  of  tlidr  danger.  1  would  also  ftntba 
inform  them,  that  tbey  may  aroid  the  mcb 
luid  quickxands  ot'  a  stormy  sea  of  aigmnMl. 
by  makiiif;  a  tack  to  the  chapter  mSier  the  next: 
vhere  the  course  of  the  narrative,  which  m* 
or  may  not  be,  the  course  of  true  lore,  nut 
HDioothly  enough.  Only  let  me  b^  of  thtn 
nut  to  serve  me,  as  Pltny  complains  that  some  of 
his  guests  used  to  serve  him,  who,  at  the  Toy 


THE    ROUANi    IN    BRITAIN. 


155 


^aiid 

I.' 

■ten 


niinc  of  philosophy,  called  for  their  slippcnc 
aiid  took  their  leave  altogether  !* 

To  (hose  who  think,  that  tho  friendly  ood- 
tion  of  kindred  souls  is  as  beautiful  ts  the 
play  of  the  occ«n  wares,  where  billow  mcctn 
billow  in  amicable  collision,  and  cacli  shines 
and  spwklea  but  the  mors  from  the  conflict'— 
to  such  I  would  hope  that  no  apology  is  ncoes- 
tary  for  introducing  wlut  i  cannot  but  deem, 
an  interesting  debate,  carried  on,  as  it  appears 
to  me,  with  considerable  ingenuity;  and  the 
different  parts  of  which  were  sustained  by  such 
gifted  individuals  as  Seneca,  Lucon,  nnd  Per- 
•ius.  In  making  this  brief  pause  in  the 
arrative,  1  am  incited  lesa,  however,  by  the 
interest  of  the  subject,  or  the  celebrity  of  the 
dispuUiiU,  than  by  the  desire  of  representing, 
and  holding  forth  for  emulation,  the  intellectual 
manner  in  which  the  ancients  were  accustomed 
to  Utc — who  made  the  pleasures  of  tlie  table 
subservient  to  higher  gratifications  ;  and  wlw 
[  could  with  trutli  say  of  ttiose  social  seaaons, — 

yft  )r«iil  Unib  not  In  Io]w,  ot  lDM,«r*1a*, 
Hiilwiirrb  of  divp  pkiloaophjr, 
WU.  ckM)iwnM,  *ail  fedrjr.' 


'ntD.Epl«l.,  Ub.il.,  tp.  37. 


'WiOct. 


156 


STONF.RBNnX;    OR, 


It  dMcrvei  mention,  tint,  even  in  the  nMH 
diMolute  itociety  in  Rome,  the«e  intcHectul 
{^euureit  were  not  altogether  bnnished;  bat 
that  the  dcljauchrriei  of  Nero  himself  were,  in 
■ome  ineaKurc,  relieved  hy  scenic  exhibilioBi 
poetic  recitatinnit,  and  philosophic  diqmttt. 
Tlie  lennied  trnnslalors  of  PlotAreh  hare  tiuide 
some  remarks  on  this  subject,  not  only  m 
ptrtinmt,  hut  so  pungent,  that  I  e»nnot  (oibm 
introducing  them : — 

"The  discourse  of  people  of  education  and 
distinction,  in  those  days,"  sav  tliey,  speaUag 
of  the  contemporaries  of  Plutarch,  "wuMOie- 
what  different  from  that  of  ours.  Itwuaot 
on  the  powers  or  pedigree  of  a  horse ;  it  wm 
not  on  a  match  of  tmvclling  between  gtat 
and  lurkcvs ;  it  was  not  on  a  race  of  maggots, 
started  against  each  otlier  un  the  table,  wha 
they  first  came  to  light  from  the  shell  of  t 
Albert;  it  M-as  not  by  what  part  you  may  »»' 
pend  a  spaniel  the  longest,  without  maki^ 
him  whine ;  it  was  not  on  the  exquisite  linessfh 
and  the  highest  ni&na:uvre  of  pUy.  The  «U 
Romans  bod  nu  ambition  for  attainneott  M 
this  imturc.  They  hud  no  such  master*  ia 
Kcionce  u  Heber  and  Hoyle:  the  taste  of  tter 
Umes  did  not  ran  that  way.     The  pouren  of 


TUB   ROlfANt   IN    BRITAIK. 


157 


poetry  and  philosophy,  Uie  economy  of  humftn 
life  and  mBQtiors,  the  cultivation  of  the  intel- 
lectual faculties,  ttte  enlars^eroent  of  the  mind, 
histuricnl  and  political  discussions  on  theeTonls 

I  of  their  country^these,  and  such  subjects  >• 
these,  nude  the  principal  part  of  their  coiiver> 
■ation." 
The  time  is,  1  hope,  fast  approaching,  if  it 
has  not  already  arrived,  when  modem  society 
will    vindicate    itself   from    the    censures    of 
Sliafteshury,  who   attributes  the  unpopniarit)* 
Kof  the  dassica]  dialogue  to  the  circumstance 
Bof  it9  appcnrin^  to  modem  criticism  an  tmpro- 
V  bability,   l>cyunJ   the  licence  of   fiction,  that 
persons  ahould   carry  on    a  long  literary   or 
philosophical  argument  without  weariness ! 
The  champion  of  the  intellectual  combat, 
.     which  we  arc  about  to  describe,  was  Teiuuc, 
Btbe  Corduban  advocate,  with  whom  I  promised 
to  make  my  readers  Wttcr  acquuntcd.     Tenax 
was  a  professed   Pyrrbonist ;  and  affi»;ted  to 
disbelieve  all  which  could  not  be  demonstrated 
by  reason  to  exist.     In  many  respects  he  !»• 
semhlcd   our   rationalists  and   utilitarians,   of 
whom  he  may  lie  considered  a  kind  of  arcbe< 
type ;  hut  he  was  withal  a  very  acute  aopbist, 
and  delighted  in  an  argument. 


1S8 


stohbbenob;  ob^ 


The  subject  of  dt*pat«  happened  to  ba  the 
following  lines  of  Lucan,  wbicb  occar  in 
ipeoch  of  an  Egyptian  ooiuticr : — 

Sidrm  ln¥B 
U(  dlHurt,  el  flanma  nuri,  lU  miilr  rcMa.  ■ 

A*  Same  from  octfau.ca'lli  froa  atar*  of  alflita 
Sg  ilittvn  lh«  axpvdWnl  and  ib<  rigfaL 

"  I  am  glad/'  said  Tenax,  "  that  yoa  attri- 
bute these  words  to  a  mendacious  courtier:  1 
am  mire  that  you,  Lucan,  would  not  bart 
maintuned  such  a  proposition  as  an  opinioB 
of  jour  own." 

"  Perhaps  I  might  not  have  used  so  bold  > 
comparison,"  replied  Lucui ;  "  but  ccrtainlj  I 
think,  tJiat  there  Lt  a  wide  difference  between 
the  expedient  and  the  right.  What  ■;■ 
Senecn  ?" 

"  I  perfectly  concur  with  Lucan,"  repM 
Seneca. 

"Then  I  hare  the  mtsfortnue  of  differini 
from  you  both,"  said  Tenax ;  as  his  eyei 
glistened  with  pleasure  at  the  anticipation  of  i 
discussion. 

"And  from  me — and  from  me:"  said  Fades' 
and  Pcrsius,  simultaneously. 

*rh«ra..Ub.Tiii.,T.  4tf. 


TUB    ROUANS    IN     BRITAIN. 


159 


"Then  from  >11,  I  suppose,"  said  the  un- 
datintcd  Tunax ;  "  niid  although  I  might  well 
•hrink  from  pruroking  ho  nuuiy,  and  tvfh 
combatants,  yet  I  >m  very  much  disiwwd  to 
mainUiin  my  opinion  against  your  united  oppo- 

■      sition." 

^  **  Thou  art  a  bold  fellow,  my  Tenu,**  nid 
Ifuean,  Kmiling,  "  and  we  will  be  merciful  to 
tbee:  so  now  let  us  hear  your  proposiUoti, 
that  we  may  begin  our  dispute,  as  Ciccru  enjoins 
us>    by    Btatiog    expHdtly    the    question    in 

(debate." 
"My  proposition,"  said  Tenax*  "is:  That 
the  erprdient  and  the  right  arc  one  and  the 
aaiuc  things  and  are  to  be  judged  of  by  one 
and  the  same  faculty ;  n»d  that  tliis  judgment 
ia  the  result  of  circumstances,  and  does  not 
proceed  from  what  some  rainly  coll  sii  innate 

(moral  principle." 
Just  as  ho  was  enunaatini;  this  twofold  pro- 
portion, he  was  interrupted  by  the  entrance 
of  a  neighbour  of  Lucan's,  Ambobus  by  name, 
mudi  mor«  diatinguiabed  for  easy  oomplianoe 
than  for  liia  subtlety  in  disputation ;  although 
his  self- oom place »cy  often  led  him  into  ditti- 
culties;  foraometimes  wishing  to  be  conaidered 


160 


■TONBRBNOB  ;  OR, 


the  ally  of  each,  he  vu  tmtcd  u  a  fbe  b; 
both  parties. 

**  You  are  come  just  in  time  of  need,"  nid 
Tenax ;  "  I  want  the  assistance  of  sobb 
doughty  friend  to  aid  me  in  &n  argument." 

At  thiii  appeal  Anibobus,  erecting  hiiDxlf 
into  an  oracular  position,  and  n-rinkling  up  1m* 
forehead,  till,  as  Shakspcare  expresses  i^  it 
resembled, — 


Tbc  M*-ihore.  wkioh  (he  ebbing  tide  hM  jnt  left^— 


requested,  tlmt  the  point  in  dispute  might  be 
sUted. 

When  this  was  done,  be  desired  tl»t  il 
should  be  repeated ;  and  having  heard  U  a 
second  time,  he  gave  three  profound  haa, 
and  with  great  gravity  thus  addressed  Tenax— 
with  a  loud  roiee>  which  might  have  been 
heard  by  a  much  lart>er  company  than  thst 
present, — 

"  Since,  Tenax,  you  have  done  me  tlic 
honour  to  appeal  to  my  weak  judgment — (hem. 
hem  !) — I  will  give  ray  candid  opinion."  Then, 
with  the  greatest  solemnity,  as  though  bi 
was  about  to  broacli  a  series  of  novelties,  be 


I 


Tns   UOMAN*  IN    BRITAIN. 

repeated  as  much  as  ko  coold  remember,  and 
&r  mora  Ition  he,  or  imlecd  any  other  person, 
could  understand,  of  what  he  supposed  had 
fallen  from  Tenax  ;  concluding  thus, — 

"  Such,  Tctiax,  is  my  humble  opinion ;  which 
I  propose  wiUi  the  greatest  deference  to  the 
gentlemen  opposite !"— (bowing  to  Seneca, 
whom  ho  wished  to  enlist  on  his  side.) 

"  1  catmot  coincide  in  your  ticwk,  or  in 
those  of  Tenax,"  said  Seneca  ;  "  but,  on  the 
contnry,  I  hold  that  Uie  expeditfU  and  the 
right  arc  terms  perfectly  distinct,  and  some- 
times indeed  the  opposite  of  each  other.*' 

"There  I  agree  with  yoo,"  interrupted 
Ambobus  about  to  repeat  the  words  of 
Seneca :  hut  Seneca  silenced  him  with  a  bow, 
which  seemed  to  anticijiate  all  he  was  about 
to    say,   and   rentier  anything    further  unne- 


I 


**  In  answer  to  Tcnax's  projiosition,  tliat  the 
expedient  and  the  right  arc  the  same  thing," 
•aid  Lucan,  "  1  would  observe  that  all  laa- 
foagca  employ  two  distinct  terms  to  designate 
them." 

"  Witt)  respect  to  tanguagcs,"  replied  Tenax, 
"  it  is  possible  that  they  may  ratlier  farour 
your  opinion  ;    for  I  think  tliat  by  far  the 


169 


stovebenob;  or. 


greater  number  of  common  erront  UDOtg 
which  I  would  reckon  this  opinion  of  jcmt, 
ara  attrilmuble  to  tJie  raguene^s  of  Ungnife. 
If,  for  cxsmple,  ire  refer  to  Homce,  I  xHak 
that,  sjieaking  merely  from  memory,  I  cm  pn 
jrou  three  or  four  ditferent  Applications  of  the 
•ame  won).  You  shall  Hud  the  Mme 
used  in  reference  to  speaking,  to  laugtung.'tt 
raving,  tn  dying,  aiid  to  being  idle ;  it  la  alio 
applied  to  a  sound,  to  a  taste,  to  m  danger,  mil 
to  at  least  n  do&en  other  diSbrent  thuiga." 

Ambobus,  who  had  been  listouing  with  gmt 
attention,  saw,  from  tJic  puazled  looks  of 
TenaxN  firiendi,  that  they  were  a  little  poted 
at  tliis  answer;  and  wishing  to  come  in  fbr 
his  share  of  the  triumph,  to  conaole  bin  fit 
Ills  dread  of  Seneca's  opposition,  be  tdbnti, 
with  great  emphasis — "Yea,"  to  at  but  a 
dozen  different  things. 

The  nicrcilcsB  Pcisiua,  who  could  souolf 
tolerate  follv,  was  determined  to  boah  Hat 
interlocutor,  and  therefore  asked  him  what 
term  Tenax  had  alluded  to  ? 

It  was  ludicrous,  indeed,  to  mark  into  what 
an  awkward  dilemma  this  uncxjtectcd,  but  un* 
answerable,  question,  threw  poor  Ambobu*. 

Tenax,  however,  continued, 


DbIm  rWraln*  Ldagro  uwbOi 
Dolce  kiqiiencpu.  ' 


T)IB    ROUAN8    IN     BBITAIN. 

"The   word   to   which    1    allode   is — rfm/re, 
■wceti   and  j-oa  will    remember  that   Ilonoe 

V*nie  xwcetly  laugliing,  nweeily  talking  Lalagc ! 
&C.;  and  I  doubt  not  but  that  your  memo- 
ria  will  aupply  you  witli  all  ibc  other  in- 
atanccK." 
H  lliu qmtitioD  was  arclily  thrown  el  Pudens, 
^  who  arreittcd  the  challenge  to  take  a  part  in 
the  ditcuvHiun,  and  obserred  ;— 

"  You  are  entitled  to  great  credit  certainly, 
iTenax,  for  your  judictou*  Meleetion  of  one  of 
the  moat  vague  words  in  our  Inngiiiige ;  but  1 
think  tliat  if  you  confine  yourself  to  tJie  words, 
^respecting  the  meaning  of  which  we  are  now 
disputing,  you  will  hardly  be  ao  successful ; 
nor   need  we  go   furtlter  than    the    works  of 

■  Tho  other  pUc«s  ttltnei  to  ia  tW  text  wci— 

Ihin  nUil  turtn  «t  aoilco.— Ub.  Z,  oil.  7,  r.  28. 
tHWt  M  drcorum  nt  pro  ptirii  mori.— LIH.  3,  od.  1  t.  tS. 
IWm  «M  dcN(«n>  m  Idtd.— Ub  4,  od.  UC.  r.  S8. 
UnIcmb  qa*  lUqilluin,  ftc— LLb.  4,  od.  3,  r.  IS. 
Dakmn  tUhunhuM  inpomu.^Lib.  3.  od.  I,  t.  I9> 
(Mm  pnttalun  «aL— Lib.  3,  od.  U.  r.  IB. 


I 


IC4 


stom^ubnoe:  or. 


Horace  himseir,  to  prove  that  he  affixed  ■ 
definite  meaning  to  the  word  expediefd,  which 
cannot  be  strained  to  apply  to  right : 


Tbt  (lioui  }it<l||«  whojuillrc  Lcepi  Id  algkt 


and 


This  qootation  was   mucli  applauded 
Lucan  resumed, 

"To  turn  from  words  to  things; — I  preinae, 
Tenax,  (l)nt  if  wc  can  adduce  any  nMnl 
action,  whidi  was  erpediaU  but  msnifnti; 
tinr'iuf;  or  one  which  was  ine.rpediati,  and  it 
the  saiuc  time,  indisputably  right ,  that  you  «Q 
then  acknowledge,  tlutl  tlte  ex[>edient  and 
right  are  not  synonymous." 

Ten  ax  nodded  assent. 

"  Tlien,"  said  Lucnn,  "  1  think  that  tbt 
instance,  in  refejrence  to  which  I  have  used  ibf 
Unguuge  which  originated  this  discussion,  ii 
decisive.  Waa  the  murder  of  Pompcy  just  « 
unjust  ?" 

"  Unjust,  doubtless,"  replied  Tenax. 

"  ^Vas  it  not  expedient,  nevertheless  Y*  asW 
Lucan.      "  Did    not  Egypt,  by  these  incaBSt] 
avoid  a  war  with  C<Bsar,  which  might  bne^ 
blotted  her  from  the  map  of  nations  i" 
*  Bor„  lib.  IT,  S*L  9.  T.  41, 


TAB    BOHANI   IN    BBITAIN. 


165 


I 
I 


I 


*•  I  Mn  l)y  no  meana  prepfcred  to  annrer  that 
question  in  tlie  affirmative/'  replied  Tenax ; 
"  for  bad  B|;ypt  Iwfriended  Pompcjr,  he  might 
bave  rallied  again,  poxsibly  liave  defeated 
Cnsar ;  and  rentored  liberty  to  Koine :  and 
then,  in  all  prottability,  Rome,  in  tier  gratitude, 
would  have  made  I^i^gypt  a  free  nation." 

Lucan  felt  a  little  repulsed  at  this  answer, 
•nd  replied, 

•*  Rome  is,  I  fear,  too  much  of  a  slave  herself 
to  bestow  freedom,  with  so  lavish  a  hand,  upon 
others,  as  you  have  done  for  her ;  but  I  think 
1  can  put  a  still  stronger  case.  You  recollect 
tlio  scheme  for  the  ag^ndiecnient  of  Athens, 
by  burning  the  fleet  of  the  rival  confederates  j 
the  adoption  of  which  was  referred  tn  the 
deciKtnn  of  Aristides  ;  and  doubtless  you  recol- 
lect his  answer—*  NoUiing  could  be  more  ex- 
pediait,  hut  at  tlie  same  time,  notliing  could  be 
n\mK  uyu»t !''  What  say  you  to  this  reply? 
Docs  it  show  that  the  expi/dietit  and  the  just 
are  one  and  Uie  same  thing  ?" 

Tenax  was  a  little  disconecrted  at  this  in- 
atance  ;  but  he  was  too  well  disciplined  a 
•opiiiiit  not  to  recover ;  and,  aAer  a  luo.-ucnt's 
pause,  be  thus  replied : 

•Vid.  nntia  l"*!-  Arliifal*!. 


1«6 


mtonbhsnob;  or. 


'*  It  simply  shews  that  AlUtidec,  like  jaai- 
&eU,  did  nut  think  them  the  Mine  thing." 

*'  Well,'* '  rejoined  Lucnn,  "  will  jrou  mt 
admit  that  the  proposition  of  Theciistorln 
to  bum  Die  whole  fleet  of  the  coofiedftila 
was  very  unjtui  ?" 

"  1  have  no  objection  to  admit  thai,''  aa- 
tvrered  Teruuc. 

"Then/' rejoined  Lucan,  "1  call  upon  jv* 
to  prore,  that  it  would  have  been  imejjr- 
diml." 

"  If  I  cnnnot  prove  that  it  ipow/rf  have  twcs 
inexpedient,'"  retorted  Tenax,  "  1  oin  eanli 
prove  that  it  miffkt  have  been ;  for  it  is  ntt 
at  all  intproliabic,  that  if  Athens  had  pnnotd 
her  schemes  of  nj-trandiEpmcnt,  to  the  pn-j*- 
dice  of  the  confederates  the  whole  of  the  Gre- 
cian states,  in  revenge  for  the  infracttun  of  tbv 
liberties,  would  have  combined,  and  pertaip 
have  availed  thcmxelrc*  of  forei^  buddov, 
and  the  fntc  of  Troy  might  have  been  that  tf 
Athens:  who  then  would  linve  doubted  tial 
the  nnjust  n-as  the  inexpedient  V* 

Pudenii,  finding  thnt  they  did  not  nak* 
much  prosress  in  their  attempt  to  bind  Iblir 
l*ruteus-likc  adversary,  now  took  up  the  ir- 
gument. 


i 


TUB    nOUANt    IN    RKITAIN. 


167 


"  It  is  an  cntlleas  task,"  ntd  he,  "  to  ipcca- 
Ute  upon  possibtlilies ;  but  tlie  prolnbilities,  as 
Tenax  titmwlf  must  mcknowledge,  or  otherwise 
he  muni  proffss  to  know  more  ahout  GrecJMt 
ailairs  Uuin  either  Tiiemistocles  or  Aristides, 
are,  that  it  vrould  hnvc  be«ti,  u  the  latter 
Tery  unjust  but  liighljr  expedient. 
'  However,  giving  Tcnax  the  benefit  of  the  doubt, 
1  think  1  can  propose  an  instance,  which  it  will 
■baffle  even  liis  ingenuity  to  prove  cqunlly 
right  and  expedient.  It  is  the  case  of  Regdus, 
who  sacrificed  himself  upon  the  altar  of  Troth. 
Jlcrc  was  a  good  action;  was  it  expedient? 
Wb«  it  expedient  as  it  regarded  Ahuey,  to 
expose  himwlf  to  the  infernal  tortures  of  Uie 
Cartliaginians  ?  Or  was  it  expedient,  as  it 
re^jatded  kit  tvuntty,  to  deprive  her,  in  her  hour 
of  need,  of  the  best,  and  bravest,  and  wisest  of 
her  tons  ?*" 

ITensx,  with  inimitable  readiness,  answered, 
"  I  do  not  hc«itate  to  luiy  that  the  conduct  of 
Itegulus  ma  as  exjmlittit  us  it  was  iKile.  It 
Iran  ex|>cdient  both  for  himself  and  hia  country. 
As  for  him,  ho  exchanged  a  short  and  prccariuus 
life  for  an  immortality  of  glory ;  and  as  for  his 
country,  the  incprcKuble  courage,   wliich    the 


168 


BTOKEHBNaK  ;    OR, 


thint  for  reveDge  inspired,  and  wbicb  wemcd 
to  infuse  his  heroism  into  the  btwonu  of  ■ 
tJiousand  imitatoni,  well  compensated  Bone  for 
tl>e  loss  even  of  Kcgulus:  but  ^oa  oonfiot 
witliin  very  narrow  limits  an  cCfcct.  wbicb  atir 
not  be  circumscribed  cither  by  time  or  sjnn. 
Tlie  example  will  lij{ht  ap  otlier  kindred  soolv 
like  beacon  fires  along  tlie  coast  of  time.  A 
bright  example,  like  Vesta's  firc>  never  cetfci 
to  bum." 

After  the  applaos^  which  followed  tbia  boM 
of  eloquence  had  subsided,  1*udcns,wboscininil 
teemed  to  have  acquired  fresh   force  at 
grapple  with  bis  opponent,  replied, 

"  I  am  rather  charmed  with  your  eloqann; 
Tcnax,  tlian  con\'iiiocd  by  your  BrgamcM : 
for  if  the  influence  of  ezKinpIc  is  to  be  thron 
into  the  scale,  Airewcll  to  virtue  in  obvcunt;) 
If  a  good  deed  is  more  rirtaoos,  bccUMJ 
peiformcd  in  public,  crimes  will  be  less  \iciaw 
when  perpetrated  in  secret.  The  more  osten- 
tatious your  chnrity,  the  more  iofluential  wfil 
be  your  example ;  and,  tbererurc,  the  worthier 
your  conduct :  on  tbe  contrary,  your  fiv- 
tjtude,  being  exercised  in  private,  will  hsnVy 
deserve  tbe  name  of  a  virtue.     As  tlib  ugo- 


i 

nind 

RUCV 
CM;" 

I 


I 


I 


THB    ROMANS    IN     BRITAIN.         *     169 

incnt  of  youn,  <]nwn  from  cx«nipl«,  wUl  be  a 
great  Ktutnblin»-bluck  in  our  way,  and  1  tttn, 
theretiire^  the  more  Mixious  to  remoire  it;  I 
will  take  the  liberty  of  itppealing  to  Seneca,  to 
HtrengtJien  iiiyKlf,  if  1  Rin  right,  with  his 
authority." 

Seneca,  being  thus  appealed  to,  replied, 
"  I  will  not  intciiVrv  in  your  dispute,  which, 
I  must  do  you  the  justice  to  say,  is  carried  on 
with  ^rcat  spirit,  further  than  to  observe, 
that  I  concur  with  Pudens,  tlint  if  the  force 
of  cxamplt:  is  pusbrd  too  far,  it  will  exclude  all 
(hose  unobtrusive  virtues  which  are  sometimes 
practised  in  the  mid»t  of  privacy  or  obscurity, 
and  which  are,  in  my  opinion,  some  of  the 
noblest  of  which  we  are  capable.  What,  for 
instance,  can  be  a  nobler  ajiectaole — a  spectocle 
on  which  the  deity  intent  on  tlis  own  works  can 
look  with  greater  plcamrc — nny,  what  can  be  a 
more  god-like  object  than  a  brave  man  cum* 
posed  amid  adversity  i*  I  do  not  onean  a  man 
ttrtinff  Au  part  in  the  crowded  arena  of  the 
world,  r«ir  the  world's  applause  may  be  a  sutG- 
ctent  coinpensahon  for  the  inconvenicncca  with 
which  he  may  have  to  contend,  but  a  man 


•  S«nee.  Oc  ProfU.  C•^  S. 


VOL.  11. 


•mmsBBMOB:  o». 


brarcly  stniggling  with  troubles  and  tempti- 
tkrns,  with  no  spectator  but  hu  God.  Sudi  * 
CB*c  might  exist  under  circumstances  wfaicfc 
would  render  it  of  no  influence  as  an  cxamplt ; 
hut  the  spectacle  would  not  be  less  lovely  l» 
God,  though  less  useful  to  man." 

Pudens,  having  disposed  of  tJiis  obstadt. 
thus  resutued: 

.  "I  will  now  propose  oite  more  .example, 
Tenax,  and  tliat  is  ihe  bat  with  which  1  «3 
trouble  j'ou.  I^rHius,  as  you  are  aware,  il- 
Icmptcd  to  bribe  Fabricius  to  betray  hi&coiuUiy: 
Fabrioiua  refused  the  bribe.  Was  his  oowfatf 
right  in  so  doing  ?'* 

"  Doubtless,"  replied  Tenaz. 

"  May  1  ask  you  wherefore!"  said  PodflU. 

" Because,"  answered  Tenax,  "lie  did  tbai 
which  was  most  expedient  for  his  oouniry.'' 

"  Well,"  rejoined  Pudens,  "  the  same  Kabo- 
cios  had  an  offer  from  a  physician  to  pois* 
Pyrrhus,  which  he  not  only  dedined  to  tnA 
himself  of,  but  cautioned  Pyrrhus  to  be  on  hi* 
guard  u^^ainst  similar  attempts. — Wat  his  ttat- 
duct  right  in  this  instance  ? — and  if  ao,  was  it 
expedient  for  his  country  ?" 

Tenax  saw  the  dilemma  to  vhlch  lie  was  tt- 
duccd,  and  with  great  ingenuousneas,  an- 
swered. 


^n 


TIIK    aOUANS    IN     URITAIN. 


171 


en 


'  Pudcns,  I  yield ;   you  Iibtc  fou^it  like  « 

t ;  you  liKTC  finught  me  in  yoar  net." 
"  Nay,"  xniwerad  Padens,  "  my  cimse  xamy 
^hnvt!  given  me  Itie  wlvantage,  but  not  my  net; 
for  lind  I  asvd  «  net,  our  deb«l«  had  been  but 
short  one ;  for,  from  th«  veiy  outset,  you 
would  liiive  bccji  obliged  to  concede  tliat  the 
exjiedient  itnd  tlic  ri^lit  arc  not  one  nnd  lite 
Mm«  thini;,  to  render  ynurni-lf  intelligible.     If, 
ideed,  they  were  identical,   it  would  follow 
that  in  action  being  admitted  to  be  riglit  or 
wrong,   it  ma»t   nccesMLrily  be  expedient  or 

» inexpedient ;  and  you  could  not  Itavc  main- 
tained an  argument  upon  the  subject  V 
Tn-nienilous  pUudits  followed  tlii«  N])e4>ch, 
in  wliirb  Tenax  htmteir  joined,  complimenting 
his  adversary  by  observing  that  he  had  indeed 
fought  like  a  rctiarius,  for  he  had  used  the  net 
first.  an<l  the  trident  afterwards. 

The  uproar  of  applause  awoltc  Ambobus  who 
had  fallen  asleep,  unobserved,  and  had  «lum- 
^bered  through  the  greater  part  of  the  di»c»H- 
lion:  lie,   how«^ver.   with  hit  usual  good  hu- 
iQiir,  jn)nc<l  in  it  as  heartily  an  though  he  had 
it  all    When  it  had  a  little  subsided,  the 
indaunted  Teriax   was  nimut  to    resume   hia 
far;gunvc»t ;  but  Seneca,  who  had  i<i*t  observed, 

I    3 


178 


■TOHBHUfOBJ  OB, 


from  Hie  wtndowi  of  tin  CiiMwlaM,  &• 
mooD  rinng  from  tin  nlnnd  deapk  hriM  fl» 
ugnal  for  him  to  ratam  to  hu  hom^  nd 
begged  Luoan'B  pemuMOon  to  call  for  iu  tm^ 
pattvm.*  Thia  pennunon  ww  vidi 
rehictance  eooanled,  bid  not  until  k 
hut  been  extorted  from  faim  to  oltend  Gtt  eoe- 
dosion  of  the  diwniiion  m  tbe  maaiov,  di 
when,  aa  Ihe  <UBpiitanti  but  loit  tiheir  attik^ 
tar,  the  debate  ww  ■djonmed. 


>Bb  euriiga. 


THB    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN.  \JS 


CHAPTER  XII. 


HeKi  raiting  in  cool  sbelter,  we  befniled 
The  mid-day  faoun  vilfa  deinltory  talk, 
ProQ  iriirUI  thcmei  to  general  ailment. 

WOBDIWOaTU'i   BXCUBIIOII. 


At  about  the  fourth  hour  of  the  day,  or  ten 
o'clock  according  to  our  computation  of  time, 
the  parties  militant  were  assembled  in  a  little 
meadow,  or  slope  of  lawn  in  the  middle  of 
Lucan's  garden,  one  side  of  which  was  shaded 
by  a  knoll  of  fine  old  palm  trees.  In  the  cen- 
tre of  this  lawn,  was  a  marble  statue  of  Plato, 
which  Lucan  esteemed  amongst  his  most  valued 
possessions,  on  account  of  its  having  formerly 
belonged  to  Cicero,  who  has  described  himself 
and  his  two  friends  Brutus  and  Hortensius  as 
fitting  at  its  feet,  and  enjoying  that  immortal 


174 


SToyBBa.N'OB;  ob. 


converse  which  has  nide  u*  fiuuitur  vHii 
the  omtors  of  nncient  Greece.* 

The  BseociHtion  of  Pinto  and  Cicero  •tivd 
Scncoi,  Riid  rccallcMj  to  hM  memory-  «  pUMT 
in  the  n-rititigs  of  the  Intter,  peculinrljr  appru- 
pnate  to  the  plsoc,  and  the  occasion. 

"  Vi'hy"  said  hv,  pointing  to  a  luuriant 
plane-tree — "  why  flu  wc  not  imitate  Socnttci, 
my  CrasHux,  as  he  is  described  in  the  Phxdra  <tf 
Plato?  fur  so  your  plane  tree  admunialMt  nr, 
w>iich  extends  its  far-spreading  braoeho  la 
shelter  this  place  with  quite  aa  niueb  migRi- 
licence  ns  thnt  whose  shade  Socmtcs  songtilt 
and  which,  indeed,  appears  to  tnc  to  have  txes 
less  nourished  by  Llie  streamlet  of  water  wfaid 
be  has  described,  than  by  the  eloquence  vi 
Hlrto.  If  Socrates  threw  himself  on  the  gtsat, 
and  talked  of  things  dirioe,  why  should  tiot 
we  do  AX  he  did  Vf 


•  Bralui,  *.  S, 

t  Cut.  fion  imiUmur,  Crtuf,  SocraUn  IIImb,  ^dI  MClt  ' 
n»ilro  FlaloDb  i  aim  nit  bare  lus  pl*un«t  tduBiiiilLvi* 
ann  mtnua  id  opacwidnm  liuac  lutvm  |>kIu1U  rn 
rninit,  iiumii  IIU,  cujui  uinbrim  imvIu*   p>i  Smtitn,  n» 
■nihi  ridiTliir  nun  iniii  ![<*'  ■■(<■"■■■  V""  dpkrnbiinr, 
riauaw  onlioor  cnniw<i  «t  h""^  "k  d»riMtali| 
fccil,  nl  w  abjicercl  in  heiliain,  bI^up  Ita  ilia,  qv*  fk*l< 
^klnltua  fitruBt  cm  dItU,  loi|u*rslur,  id  Dcli  podlliMt 
(aaenillnl*>)ulu>.— CW-.  rfc  Oratarr,  1^7. 


TUB    nOllANS    IN     HRITAIN. 


US 


jring,  Iw  took  hiH  seat  under  tbc  shade 

[of  the  plane  tree,  and  the  otJwn,  admiring  and 

lauding  his  apt  quotation,  followed  his  cxam- 

Iple,  as  did  nito  tlic  ladies  who  had  accomp^ 
niod  him  from  the  houw. 
All  ?jres  being  now  directed  to  Temuc,  be 
comtncnccd  as  follon-s  : 
"  1  have  been  often  struck,  in  reading  his- 
tory, with  the  sagacity  of  the  Spartans  in  «•• 
tablishinp;  it  as  a  rule  never  to  make  war  with 
the  sanic  nation  more  than  once,  if  it  could  he 
avuidal,  lot  tltiit  nation  should,  if  vanquished. 
leani  the  art  of  (.-onqucring  from  tlie  victor.  It 
wras  for  want  of  such  n  rule  lliat  the  Athenians 
taught  tlie  iiiciliana  and  the  Lacedemonians  how 
to  conquer;  and  in  the  same  manner  Hannibal 
taught  ui.  Encouraged  by  these  examples,  m* 
tlwr  Uian  diHe^rrcd  by  my  discomtilurc  yesterday, 
I  am  not  without  the  hope  of  gaining  a  lesson 
in  tactics  from  my  conquerors.  I  am  also  en- 
couraged, too,  by  Uie  reflection  that  my  defeat 
was  mninly  attnbutid>lc  tu  my  having  stated  my 
proposition  incorrectly.  Although,  therefore, 
I  acknowledge  that  1  must  give  up  the  outpott 
of  my  argument,  and  concede  that  the  eipedimi 
and  the  r^hl  arc  not  identical  terms;  yet  I 
hope  to  recover  my  position  by  proving  lliat 
the  same  test  is  applicable  to  both ;   namely, 


I7C 


rrONRIIENOE  ;  OR, 


the  inunint  of  benefit  done  to  societjr.  I  bopt 
hIm  to  prore  tb>t  the  faculty  by  wbicb  m 
estimate  octions  ts  no  innate  principle,  b« 
simply  the  judgment  modelled  by  educatiaD  « 
other  circumstancea." 

The  audience  unanimously  cheered  Tenet 
for  the  spirit  with  irhich  he  bad  reaunied  tbt 
discussion ;  and  he  tbuK  pursued  bis  atja- 
ment, 

"  When  I  luok  ujmn  yonder  beautifol  statue, 
or  when  I  conleniplatc  in  imagination  tb* 
commonwealth*  designed  by  its  divine  arcbe> 
type,  I  feel  admiration  for  tlic  sculptor,  or  tat 
the  k'gislator.  My  admiration  of  Polydetm^ 
or  PInio,  is  tlie  ume  in  kind,  though  perht^ 
difTcrent  in  degree  ;  Uie  degree  depending  apOD 
the  extent  of  the  benefit  conferred  on  society. 
So  if  I  succeed  in  an  arduous  undertaking,  ll 
gives  me  pleasure  ;  and  if  I  minister  to  tlv 
welfare  of  otiiers,  it  also  gives  me  plcason. 
My  end  is  tlie  greatest  amount  of  good  to 
society ;  and  he  who  be^t  promotes  that  end, 
appears  to  mc  the  n-ispjit  nnd  tlie  l>cst ;  in  otirn 
words,  he  effects  tliat  wliicli  is  most  eijx- 
dMnt." 

As  Lucan  and  Pudens  did  not  wish  to  o^ 

*  lUspubtlCB. 


Till   nOHAitS    IK    BHtTAIK. 

tnide  th«nue1v«!t  too  mnch,  but  rather  to  dnw 
Pfersius  into  the  dixcuMiun ;  the  furmer,  turning 

ru  faim.  Mid, 
"  What  says  tax  Penmx  to  this ';" 
'*  My  health  will  not  silluw  me  to  say  mudi," 
replitHl  PerftiuR  ;  *'  and  I  cau  only  speak  of  ray 
Bown  experience :  but  1  cannot  help  obtiervin^ 
"  that  my  feelings  arc  vtrry  different  when,  in  rc- 
riewing  my  conduct,  I  reflect  on  having  per- 
formed  a  good  action,  and   when   I   rc8cet  on 
having  performed  a  prudent  one.     If  I  have 
Kderised  a   plan   f-jr  the  improvement  of  my 
Bestate,  it  gives  inc  pleasure ;  and  if  1   have  re- 
B«isted  a  temptation  to  vik,  it  gives  roe  plea* 
H'sure :  but,  oh  '■  what  a  dilTereitl  kind  of  plea- 
aure!     If  I  have  coiiiinitted  an  error  attendnl 
I  with  cr'd  consequenoes,  I  feel  di.iappointni<*nt; 
but  if  1  have  committed  a  crime,  1  feel  remorae. 
|1n  both  cases,  I  feel  a  grief;    but  who   shidi 
apare  the  one  with  the  other?    To  repeat 
Be  lines  which  1  have  written  since  1   have 
been  staying  with  Lucan  ; —  (K) 


Tbt  Urliir'il  vrfUb  tn  liurnlug  (etten  bousil, 
[^ho  mxilr  111'  brnirn  hull  ohli  j[n>*iii  muvndi 
)r  b«  ttlin  h«*  ilif  liair-«iii(»ii(lnl  tirurd 
Hm|  (i*c  ilia  ling  n'er  Ui'  (((tire  bcurd  1 
Pelt  Qot  ihc  pt-ng*  wbich  rive  the  guilij  heart 
WhMb  dkit*  MitO  lU  frlmli  lu  grUr  liopMI. 

1  3 


178 


KTONCIIKNaB;    OB, 


Depend  upon  itt  ihen  is  no  torture  like  Um 
of  B  guilty  coniicifnce." 

"  I  am  diiposed  to  (I«ny  the  eiialenn  ■>( 
wblit  yaa  call  eotudtfice  alto|^thrr,  yoD  n- 
tnember,"  said  Tenu  ;  "  but  prrliAps  it  vunld 
f&ctUlate  our  ditcusaton  if  you  were  to  dcfUit 
tlie  mpDining  of  t)ic  word  conacienoe.'* 

'*  loudens,  1  must  leave  the  question  in  nmr 
hand»,"  said  Pvrsiut,  whose  dccliniitg,  umI 
fut-ebbing  lieullh  wils  such  as  to  nuJte  hin 
feci  aliiioKt  cxiiaiutcd  by  the  slight  cmtMm 
which  lie  had  made  ;  "  for  I  do  not  feel  mjxS 
well  enough  to  sualain  »ny  prominent  pan  in 
the  debate  t  and  as  success  often  depend*  npoti 
the  accuracy  of  the  definition,  I  am  unwillJK 
to  inrolre  you  in  the  consequences  of  aii  incor- 
rect one,  IcHt  lliey  should  prove  as  niivcliicroa* 
to  you  ns  Tenax  vould  have  us  believe  thcr 
were  to  hitn," 

lilts  side-blow  nt  Tenax  caused  a  laogh; 
and  Pudcne  took  up  the  argument. 

"  DefinitioRs  are  diSioult  things,  and  reqnirt. 
among  many  other  rc<)uisitcs  in  him  who 
}inzBi'ds  thcni,  a  perfect  knowledge  of  tbf 
nature  of  the  thin;;  defined  ;  however,  I  Aini 
I  can  give  such  a  definition  a«  wilt  enable  n  I* 
continue  uur  disputation.  I  mean  by  conscicoet 


THE    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN.  1/9 

m  innate  Acuity  enabling  us  to  judge  of  right 
•nd  wrong,  which  is  always  accompanied 
with  moral  approbation  or  disapproba- 
tion." 

"  I  understand  your  meaning,"  answered 
Tenaz;  "although  I  might  have  expressed 
myself  somewhat  differently.  I  am  willing  to 
kdmit  that  we  have  a  power  of  judging  whether 
an  action  is  expedient  or  inexpedient :  or,  if 
you  please,  right  or  wrong :  but  I  must,  never- 
theless, contend  that  such  a  jK)wer  does  not 
proceed  from  any  original  faculty  or  innate 
principle  ;  but  is  the  result  of  education.  It 
is,  indeed,  our  judgment  influenced  by  circum- 
stances." 

"That  it  is  not  an  immutable  principle  is 
proved  by  the  fact  tliat  it  varies  in  different 
nations  ;  and  what  one  considers  a  crime, 
siiother  esteems  a  virtue.  To  retort  your  own 
mode  of  argument; — you  shall  select  some  action 
which  we  are  both  agreed  to  call  a  crime ;  and  I 
will  undertake  that,  be  it  what  it  may,  it  shall 
be  sanctioned  by  some  nation.  I  care  nothoiv 
atrocious  an  instance  you  select." 

Well,"  replied  Pudens,  "  suppose  we  test 
your  proposition  by  the  conduct  of  Medea  in 


lao 


STOKRIIENOB  ;   OR, 


munlcring  her  children.  Is  there  «ny  IhiIm* 
rian  who  would  not  be  thrilled  with  horrot  it 
the  rcprcBontation  of  this  tragedy;  and  waaU 
he  aot  call  Mcdcs's  conduct  s  crime  t" 

"  I  will  answer  your  question  by  prof 
another,"  replied  the  subtle  Teiiax.  "  Did  not 
Brutus  murder  his  own  son?— and  did  not  tlir 
$|i«rtans  murder  their  malformed  or  unlienltbr 
cliildren  ?— and  did  not  the  Konmns  appbud 
the  former  deed  ;  and  the  Spartans  tolerate  tit 
latter?" 

I*udens  answered  all  these  interrogetariaB  is 
the  aflirmative ;  and  Tenax  pursued, 

"  And  would  the  Romans  and  the  Spartani 
kflfect  to  regard  the  conduct  of  Medea  witli 
horror?" 

"  Undoubtedly,"  answered  Pudens. 

"  And  yet,"  observed  Tcnax,  "  the  adkn 
was  the  same  in  all  cases — the  murder  of  t 
child  by  its  parents.  How  then  can  you  afira 
that  there  is  an  invariable  principle  of  r^htaaJ 
wrons;:" 

"  Simply,"  replied  Pudens,  "  because,  li- 
though  what  you  call  the  aclien,  but  wbicb. 
in  these  cases,  1  should  term  tlic  ^fti 
duoed,  was  Uie  same ;  yet  tlie  motiTes  fmo 


I 

I 

I 


TIIR    SOMAN'S    IK     RRITAIN. 

which  theiw  twts  proc«eilecl,  were  widely  diffe- 
rent. In  .Medea's  case,  hatred  and  revenge 
were  the  inoUres ;  mid  1  do  not  think  that  aiiy 
one  will  altcni]>t  for  a  moment  to  palliate  t)ie 
kcC  by  the  niotire.  On  llic  contrary,  in  Bru- 
tua's  cue,  the  motive  was  an  inexorable  lore 
of  justice;  which,  1  am  inclined  to  think,  did 
not  infer  an  abseitrc  of  paternal  lore,  which 
would  have  constilutvd  the  crime ;  but  merely 
that  a  higher  and  nobler  principle  predomi- 
nated. As  for  the  case  of  the  Spartans — 1  feel 
some  little  difficulty  certainly,  in  jutttifjinj; 
their  unnatural  exposure  of  their  children  i 
although  it  has  been  defended,  and  eertainly 
may  be  pnlliatcd,  by  the  reflection  that  if  such 
puny  children  hod  been  allowed  to  live  in  sucli 
a  martial  state  as  Sparta,  where  personal  prow- 
ess vaa  deemed  the  noblest  rirtue,  they  would 
have  lived  a  life  of  ignominious  miicry.  Their 
conduct,  therefore,  is,  in  a  great  measure,  to 
be  attributed  to  the  ciroumstanoe  of  the  Toic« 
of  nature,  and  the  dictates  of  oonscience,  bcinj; 
alike  huxhed,  or  drowned,  by  the  laisc  pcnua- 
mimi  of  rrptdiency.  1  must,  consequently, 
leave  it  to  yoa.  Tenox,  to  prore  that,  in  thia 
instance,  the  expedient  and  the  right  are  one 
and  tl»e  same  thing '." 


162 


btosehknob;  ob. 


This  ingcniouH  turn  was  much  appUadel ; 
mnd  Tcnax  felt  that  tlie  furgument  wu  bj-  m 
means  in  his  IWvouf:  be  was,  howercr,  de- 
termined to  hazard  anotlicr  instance ;  and  \mf 
posed  timt  uf  the  cannibalism  of  tlie  Antim- 
poplingi ;  vfha  ilerodotus  relates,  eat  the  flak 
oftiieir  own  relationii  when  thejr  K^  old  sad 
infirm! 

<'\Vith  rospect  to  this  i-xamplc,"  obscmd 
Pudens,  "  of  the  force  of  which  1  wiU  not  if- 
tempt  to  deprirc  you  by  thruwing  aslisdeflf 
suapicion  orcr  the  veracity  of  honest  UemdB- 
tux.  who,  I  am  sure,  never  related  a  fsbehood 
in  statin;;  what  he  had  himself  seen  ;  sltbon^ 
he  might  hn^'e  been  somewhat  too  cnKluloiua 
to  what  he  beard  from  others ; — I  would  oalf 
remark  that  it  was  a  singular  taste,  oeftauly, 
which  made  tJicm  eat  each  other :  but  that  il 
bears  no  comparison  with  the  condaetofMfr 
dea,  inasmuch  as  it  was  done  for  compaMHo 
rather  than  malioe.  It  must  tliarrfon  he 
dassed  with  the  infanticide  of  the  SpotlMit, 
as  being  based  on  a  false  view  of  expediency: 
so  tliat  it  up|>cars,  Tcnax,  that  you  can  harAt 
adduce  any  thing,  however  revolting  or  <b- 
gosting,  which  expediency  has  not  tobtiUdI 
However,  1  am  not  desirous  of  pteuiftg  bj 


I 


TIIK    RUSiASB    IS     BRtrAIN. 


ISA 


iiivaiita^  in  tlie&e  monatruuH  cases,  but  ss- 
lure  you  that  if  you  cad  bring  lorwarf)  one  in- 
stance of  what  we  should  deem  a  pure,  un- 
^Kjnixed  rriine,  tolerated  hy  any  nation,  I  shall 
^he  (lispnsixl  to  become  your  convert,  la  there 
any  nution — U  there  any  baibttrian,  who  would 
•tteingit  to  defend  an  act  of  iogratitudo?" 

»,\ftcr  a  moment's  besitittion,  Tfiiax  replied, 
•*  What  say  you  to  the  conduct  of  tlw:  second 
Brutus  ?  Did  not  Cii»m-  Kpare  the  life  of  Bnt- 
did  li«  not  heap  bonefits  upon  him ;  aiid 
lid  he  not,  foe  an  lie  )iad  been,  honour  him 
Iwitli  liix  fneiidship?  Where  in  the  wbule  an- 
liwla  of  liiitory  can  you  find  a  baser  act  of  iji- 
gratitudc  towards  a  friend  and  a  benefactor 
than  tliat  of  Brutus !  Mcthinks  the  noisy 
creak  of  Ixion's  wheel  wtll  never  drown  the 
upbraiding  whivper  of  the  dying  Cmsar,  "  Et 

Ilu,  Brute  ?"  I  am  not  over  credulous,  as  you 
wdt  admit,  and  do  not  feel  inclined  to  stucii 
much  credence  to  ghost  ituries  generally ;  but, ' 
if  I  did  believe  in  tlte  existence  of  what  yuu 
call  eunitcience,  I  should  aIso  believe  what  is 
told  about  the  Evil  genius  of  Brutus.  I  tiiink 
that  even  Lucnii,  willi  all  his  hatred  of  ty- 
ranny, will  confess  titat  the  conduct  of  Brutus 
savours  somewhat  of  ingratitude. 


184 


STOMtHBNOS;   OB, 


"  Docs  not,"  Hkid  tie  turning  towatdt  Lno*. 
"  does  nol  (lie  reowllection  of  Cnur's  gencD- 
sitv    infix    a    deep    stain    m    aando   ptrttn 

To  tliia  Lucan  rc|>Ue(l,  "  lu  deTmce  otmt 
own  ex[ires3ion,  Tenax,  I  iroald  obverve,  tbt 
hkd  it  not  been  a  far  higher  and  rioliler  fnEn; 
than  mere  grstitudc  which  actoatcd  Bnii 
and  one  which  ought  to  have  ovcrjKiwered 
of  a  more  selfish  character,  I  should  nol  han 
entollcd  him :  but  it  is  u  the  *'  Ketenm  vm- 
der"  as  tin'  avenger  of  his  counlrj,  for  uliirfc 
be  Bacrilice<l  all  his  private  feelings,  Uul  I 
have  heLd  Brutua  forth  to  the  admiration  rf 
mankind.  And  here,  Tenax,  I  woaUl  advnt 
to  a  Tcry  baneful  consotiuetice  of  vicvrinj;  k- 
tiuns  in  reference  to  their  cxpedicnc)- ;  wfakk 
is,  Uiat  it  leads  tb«  mind  to  estimate  actioai 
by  their  consequences,  rather  than  by  the  no* 
tivcx  in  which  thf^y  originated ;  whereai  t 
inaitilain  with  my  Cato,  that  it  is  the  uUtnlim, 
and  not  tlio  tuecets,  which  dvtorminca  the  ixi»- 
rality  of  an  action : — 

Laud  *ndi^  lie  rrllr 
Fit  iMi*,  <t  nunquKiU  MOtvuu  CrcKM  hMiealuiDl'. 


•  l<Uuri,  I.  IK,  V.  IT. 

t  nun.  IX.  '■  in- 


THK    ROUANS    IN    BRITAIN.  IS3 

A  Tirtnoiu  with  the  Oods  approre  ud  bUu,    . 
Nor  are  good  actiooi  bettered  bj  aiccCM. 

If*  the  merit  of  actions  were  to  be  estimated 
by  their  success,  poor  indeed  were  the  meed 
of  Brutus,  and  still  poorer  that  of  Cato  I  And 
yet,  let  us  pause  for  a  moment  to  contemplate 
the  character  of  the  latter.  Behold  him  toil- 
ing on  foot  at  the  head  of  his  army,  across 
the  burning  sands  of  Lybia,  and  waiting  until 
the  meanest  of  his  soldiers  had  drunk,  before 
he  raises  the  cup  to  his  own  parched  lips. 
Oh !  if  Fame  be  the  reward  of  the  really  good, 
uid  virtue  can  exist  independent  of  success, 
where  is  the  man  who  shall  be  compared  with 
Cato? 

Thii  triumph,  thii,  oa  Lfbii's  utmoat  bound, 

With  death  aad  dewlsiioii  compui'd  ramid> 

Toalltby  gloriei,  Poinpey,  I  prefer, 

Tbf  tropbiea  aod  thf  third  triumpbal  car. 

To  Mariui't  mighty  name,  aud  great  Jugurthine  war*.* 

This  was  repeated  with  such  emphasis  that 
the  poet  appeared  inspired ;  and  Tenax,  un- 
sble  to  withstand  his  generous  enthusiasm,  far 
more  convincing  than  his  most  subtle  rhetoric 
exclaimed :  "  Most  noble   Lucan,   1    yield,    I 

■  Phan.  IX,  us. 


8TUNEUENGE;    OB, 


yield.  1  know  not  how  it  is,  but  I  canuot  ar- 
gue with  yuu ;  for  you  contrive  to  put  me  phi 
111'  humour  with  my  cause.  My  philo&opliy 
seems  cold  before  your  fervtd  elociuence,  and 
droops  snd  withers  as  our  Italian  flowos 
would  do  before  the  warm  breath  of  a  Lybiio 
simoom.''  After  recovering,  however,  a  liltfc 
from  the  paroxysm  which  Lucan's  ardent  mui- 
ner  had  excited,  he  resumed  more  cauliousif  i 
"  But  I  am  not  yet  satiiiSed  tliat  conscienct  it 
an  innate  principle.'' 

"  I  do  not  mean,''  replied  Lucan,  ^  that  W 
fore  we  can  understand  the  nature  of  an  action 
we  can  pronounce  whether  it  is  good  or  buti 
but  we  can  do  so  very  long  before  we  can  air 
cnlate  its  consequences.  The  conscience  nuj 
be  biassed  by  prejudice,  or  obscured  bt  pas- 
sion ;  and  its  sensibility  may  be  blunted  by 
continual  opposition,  or  rendered  more  acoB 
by  education;  but  I  believe  that  it  is  a  germ 
implanted  by  nature  in  every  breasl. 

I  believe,  indeed,  that 

The  Gods  tenrh  right  «nil  wrong  to  nil  on  enrtb, 
AdiI  give  men  cunsrience  when  tbvy  giTu  Ibem  birlh. 

Dixltquc  semcl  nrucentibnt  auctor 
Qiiicquid  iciro  lice  I. 

tPCAN,  Lll.  IX,  *.&;». 


THB    ROMANS   IN    BIIITAIV. 


187 


The  acute  Tenax,  wli»  felt  that  he  vru  rn- 
If   losing    )[round   sitd   >avr   the   propriety 
of  confining  his  eiTorts  to  Kelf-ilefetice  r&lhcr 
than    hazard  the  attack,   began  tu  drop    the 
tlisputatious  style,  and  aaked  whether  U>e  prin- 
ciple ftlludcd  to  by  Lucait  might  not  be  reamn, 
influenced  by  edootiou  ? 
^      "I  think,"  replied  Lucan,  ** that  I  am  enti- 
BUed  to  consider  tliat  an  ori^al  principle,  and 
Hfliot  the  mere  result  of  education,  which  acts  in 
one  cansistent  course,  amidst  a  llmusand  diSb- 
„xeat,  Bud  opposite  kinds  of  education :  but  1 
I  ahoutd  much  prefer  )>caring  Seneca's 
inion  oil  thts  »ubject.^' 
"Nay,"  interposed  Teiinx,  "  I  have  the  rigUl 
appeal ;  und  before  I  liear  ilie  irreversible 
judgment  of  Seneca,  1  should  like  to  hear  tlie 
spinion  uf  that  young  lady  (pointing  to  Clau- 
l^ta)    who   Ims  honoured  tu  with  sticb  unde- 
(served  attention." 

"  What  any  you,  Claudia,  then,"  asked  La- 
can,  "  of  tlip  philosophy  which  tcxcbcs,  that 
[expediency  in  the  spring  of  action,  and  that  we 
ive  no  conscicmie  ?'' 

Claudia,  who   bad   listened  to   this   debate 
ritli  intense   intcreat,   blushed   on   being  aji- 
Jed  to,  and  anjtwcret), 


IBS 


BTOXellKNOE  I   OB, 


"  1  know  nothing  of  philosophy,  Lacu,  ad 
did  not  even  know  thai  such  •  dispute  ts  do 
i$  called  philo!(opl)y  ;  nor,  can  I  t«U  how  npe- 
diency  ni«y  influence  ot3icr3 ;  but  tliis  1  knov, 
«nd  of  tills  1  an)  quite  sure,  tliat  it  neref  ca- 
ters my  tlioughta,  when  I   do  what  I  think  t 
good  action ;  and  if  it  did,  it  would  spoil  iS 
my  pleasure,  because   1   should   think  ll»t  I 
had  acted  from  a  mcrirenary  or  uowoitby  mo- 
tire.     As  to  there  Iwing  no  «ach  «  thing  m 
eonsdence,  I  never  can  believe  it,  for  I  fiii 
that  I  have  a  conscience ;  and  Bllhuugh  I  ctnU 
not  perhaps  convince  others  that  I  havt^^^J 
the  eloquence  in  the  world,  would  not  pcrsnuT 
me  that  I  hare  not :  bat,   I  should   very  nnA 
like  to  hear  what  Sciicca  has  to  say  ;  for  I  (ol 
that  it  is  presumption  in  rae  to  speak  on  swk 
a  subject  in  his  presence." 

Seneca  being  thus  appealed  to,  delivered  kii 
aentiments  as  follows : — 

"The  question  whether  the  right  and  )i» 
exjirdienl  are  identical,  retninda  me  of  a  pn>- 
blein  which  has  verj-  much  divided  the  scbooU 
of  pliilusophy,  namely  whether  virhir  tM 
jtteaxure  are  the  same ;  and  whiii  has  been  said 
on  that  subject,  is  equally  applicable  to  tik, 
merely   substituting  th«   word    expedttncy  far 


TIIR    BOllANa    IN    BRITAIN'. 


189 


I 


ietuure.     Let  Tirtuc  precede,  uid  expedience 
ill  follow,  iiid  will  occoRtpatiy  it  as  tlie  sho- 
dovr  docft  the  tiubHtitiice.     What  then,  it  will 
be   tukcd,    prahibils    virtue    and    expedience 
being  considered  the   sanio  ?    Simply  because 
tliough  the  right  may  be  the  expedient,  expe- 
dience  in   no  part  of  rectitude!    Expedience 
may  be  a  comeqvcMt  but  is  not  a  coattiluent  of 
Tirtue*.    As  Fortune,  or  chance  sceins  to  arbi- 
trate the  conKquenccs  of  actions;  whoever 
confounds    virtue    with     expediency     renders 
virtue  as  changing  and  unccrttiin  as  fortune : 
indeed,  it  nukes  virtue  dependant  upon  for- 
tune ;    and  would  subject  him,  who  aets  vir- 
tuously to  all  the  anxiety,  suspense,   mid  un- 
ceruinty,  incident  to  a  calculation  of  casualties 
and  contingcni-eH.     Instead  of  giving  to  virtue 
a  solid  and  immoveable  foundation  *.  it  places  it 
on  a  most  precarious  basisf.     In  nottiinf;  do 
pcnoni  so  much  dilTer,  as  in  their  views  of 
expediency;    as  may  be   inferred  from  your 
dispute  Uist  evening,     Kxiiediency  must  there- 
fore  be    a   very   uncertain   spring   of    action. 
Human  events,  too,  are  linked  together  in  so 

*  la  ti*  otIbIiuiI  "  f*iuff  iinri*  nta  enmmiiamllM.'' 
t  Staet.  U*  Vtli  BnU,  e.  XV, 


IM 


STONEItENOB;   OB, 


long  and  ho  intriiiftte  a  chiun  mt  to  defy  hmoft 
9]ieculatioris  as  to  the  ultimate  utility  of  inj 
action ;  so  that  utility  must  be  a  vny  nt- 
safe  guide,  and  a  giiiilo  of  which  fow  k«R 
till;  ability  to  avail  tltcmsclvcs. 

Tlic  Gods  have  very  wisely  TcUcd  fntmib 
from  th«  ken  of  mortals ;  and  tlwy  almost  t^ 
pear  to  delight  In  thwarting  the  anticipationi 
of  men,  hy  j)ro<liiciiig  cfTccts  the  very  tm- 
trary  of  tlieir  expectations.  When  Brutas  de* 
■('eesar,  for  inMlanoe,  how  little  did  tic  ihinlithit 
he  waH  hnilditig  a  throne  for  a  Caligula,  or  ■ 
Claudius  I 

"  With  respect  to  the  existence  of  an  inntt 
moral  principle ;  I  vould  only  add  to  the  !■■ 
genioua  reasoning  of  Lucan,  and  tlie  an»- 
Kwemblc  appeal  to  experience  of  Claudia,  Ait 
there  arc  indications  of  conscience  in  Ibc  mat 
profligate  characters.  The  worst  meu  are  ml 
ignorant,  though  they  may  be  negligent,  ofiU 
admonitions,  ns  appears  from  the  circumstoA 
that  they  conceal  their  crimes,  and  while  lltt; 
enjoy  the  fruits  of  vico,  dissimulate  the  rice  '*■ 
scit*.  A  good  roan  shunn  not  publicity;  bat 
an  evil  man  fears  even  the  deepest  shades  rf 
*  Si-oK.  Epiit  n.  *■  I*.  11. 


THK    ROUAMH    IM    BRITAIN. 

itrity :  so  that,  as  it  vras  de^ntly  ex- 
S8ed  by  Epicurus,  although  it  might  hap- 
[>en  that  a  ridoua  persoD  maif  remain  unde- 
t4xlcil,  yet  he  can  otvar  believe  that  he  doe» 
remain  so :  or,  in  other  wortla,  lie  may  be  lo/e, 
but  can  never  feel  securt!  vVgain,  have  you  not 
obMrved  how  the  tlmtrcit  ring  with  plaadit« 
where  any  tnoral  truth  i>  recited  i — such  ua  tho 
following,  for  example : 


MiBjr  toBforu  arc  •ruitlnit  In  [X-nurj'*  *ull, 
Bm  anruv  cu  bout  ot  no  rainfort  at  kll  i 
TbealwrdoM  aiton«  mucb  good  viUi  hi*  r*tt, 
B«l  Um  nlMf  vroDt>  no  ^oe  to  maA  u  Unuctf. 


H  "  The  moit  uTitrieious  miser  in  Konie  would 
■pplaad  tltexe  verwa,  and  <l(;light  to  hare  his 
utrn  rice  ridiculed*.     Aa  Horace  hu  aptly 

^^  "  He  has  a  principle  within  perceiring  and 
^Bcumoiendin^  what  is  good.  It  is  to  thin  prin- 
^^ciplc  that  all  writers  address  themselves;  it  is 
thin  principle  in  which  Alexander  confided 
when  he  wtaked  kts  life  on  the  fidelity  of  his 


H*  Mc*  tlic  bcller  aod  «|>pronii. 
y«l  folloit*  riccl  vbich  hir  Iotm. 


•  Scatc.  l^pltl.  108.  *.  B  Mil  10. 


19« 


STOXKaKNGB;    OB, 


Itlij'sician :  kikI  Ustlv.  it  is  this  pnndpk  to 
which  Leonidas  appealed  when  he  led  hit 
brare  troops  to  tlcuth  nt  Thomiopylse*.  Did 
he  ar^c  on  the  I'xpediency  of  their  condod' 
Did  he  philosophize  on  the  amount  of  p»i 
done  to  aodety  i  No.  *  Dine  my  ooaniki,* 
■aid  he, '  as  ihoM  who  are  to  sup  n-ith  the  dodr 

"I  liave  heard,  indeed,  of  one  of  our  om  ft- 
iienib  advening  to  the  expediency  of  an  attack, 
and  tlmt  too  with  the  same  resalt ;  but  nacfc 
tiis  charge.  '  It  is  necessary  for  us  to  go  fi» 
ward,'  said  he :  '  but  it  is  not  neceasory  for  bi 
to  return  1'  *' 

Prodigiouti  plaudits  followed  this  qwNft  tt 
Scncni,  and  the  discussioD  being  thus  bmght  i 
to  a  conclusion,  Liioan  ted  tlie  way  to  a  nrj' 
beautiful  akore,  in  a  distant  part  of  the  g«> 
den  whi^re  some  refresbmente  uwaitcd  thfta. 
This  alvove  was  of  such  a  singular  constrw^ 
tion,  that  it  deserves  a  brief  description.  It 
was  fronted  with  vhite  marble;  and  the  p«r 
tico,  which  was  suppom-d  by  foar  ck^;antc»- 
lumns  of  the  beautiful  cierulcan  marble  of  Ca- 
ryttus,  uas  gracefully  overshadowed  by  a  visfc 
In  the  ititerior  was  a   triclinium,    bt  wkiiii 


•  Epht.  n. 


TUB    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


103 


r 

^kuirlile  seats  were  ranged  roond  in  the  form  of 
Hjft  horse-shoe.  A  thousand  tiny  streams  of 
Hwater  guslied  forth  from  innumerable  orifices 
In  Uw  inner  side  of  these  »eata^  as  if  prcased 
out  bj-  tlic  weight  of  the  person  redining.  A 
stone  cifttem  received  their  sparkling  oontribu* 
dons,  and  they  rose  again,  in  a  polished  marble 
basin  pUced  in  the  centre,  which  was  thus  kept 
constantlir  full  but  never  overfiowing. 

Iliis  basin,  having  a  very  broad  brim,  was 

as  a  table,  the  larger  dishes  being  placed 

>und  the  margin,  and  the  smaller  ones,  being 

je  in  the  form  of  little  vessels  or  water-fowl, 

loated  about  in  the  water*. 


•  Vuk  Plinii  Mcundt  EpIiL 


194 


STOKBBENOB  ;    Ott, 


CHAPTER  XIII. 

Contcntns  fuul  jacnt  Lucnniu  ia  liorlii. 

Manuorels. 

LucRD,  nmteat  villi  fsniej  mtij'  lie  fti  bmc 
Id  coatt;  fjrots^  anil  marble  jialaccs. 


Hitherto  Pudeiis  and  Claudia  had  en- 
joyed little  opportunity  of  converse;  and  thof 
intention  of  devoting  the  early  part  of  th* 
morning  to  a  private  t^tc-^t^te  was  frustrated 
unintentionally  by  Lucan,  of  whom,  as  we  at 
about  to  withdraw  our  attention  from  hiin  iot 
a  season,  the  following  anecdote  will  not,  w 
hope,  be  deemed  too  digressive. 

Lucan  was,  as  we  have  stated,  at  the  tinw 
to  which  our  narrative  refers,  amusing  his  Id- 
sure  with  the  composition  of  his  poem — TTit 
Phan^alia.      He  had   been  very  much   struck 


rni    ROMAKS    IS    8BITAIK. 


I9S 


I 


with  CTandia's  allualon  to  the  Droidn,  in  the 
simple  lay  to  her  beloved  country,  whu:)i  she 
lad  Kutig  nt  his  table,  and  had,  accordingly, 
mule  u  note  nn  his  tablets  at  the  time.  Knrly, 
therefore,  on  the  morrow,  just  when  she  vras 
oping  to  enjoy  the  freshness  of  tlie  rooming 
the  garden,  she  received  a  suniroons  from 
ucan  til  attend  him  in  his  sea-beaten  study. 
Lucaii  wns  iiecUNlonml  to  rise  early,  geoc- 
y  about  »ix  o'clock,  in  the  suramer,  and 
when  )te  had  matured  his  plans  for  the  day,  to 
.11  in  his  Greek  smanucDsis,  and  dictate  to 
bio)  any  cotnjyosition  which  he  had  in  hand. 
Hill  prcst-nt  object  in  nending  for  Claudia  wiuc 
to  converse  with  herresiKcUug  the  doctrines  of 
tlie  Druids ;  and,  singular  to  xny,  a  memorial 
of  tJiis  conversation  exists  at  the  present  day, 
in  a  description,  which,  if  not  the  most  bcau- 
,1,  is  certainly  tlie  most  interesting,  in  the 
hole  poem. 

Luoan  had  lhouj;ht,  until  better  inatrueted 
by  Claudia,  tliat,  in  his  enumeration  of  the 
deities  of  the  UauU,  he  had  done  justice  to 
the  subject  when  he  had  made  mention  only  of 
tltc  ahriiie, — 


Vfhen  /timi'  borrld  *lnr  tiaait, 
WWm  dire  TtiUala  bumu  Uood  dcnuiU; 

K   8 


196 


8TONEHENOB;    OB, 


Anil  rita  in  *biigbKr  wbk  dM  SeylUaB  i 


HU  attention,  liowcvcr,  being  now  dirnKd 
to  the  brighter  side  of  Druidic  supcrstitiofi  bf 
Claudia,  whose  mvniory  dwelt  on  oil  tlnl  ••• 
beautiful  in  licr  country's  religion,  hit  noUt 
mind  expanded  vrith  tlie  thouglit  of  ti>e  doc- 
trine of  the  soal'a  iromortalit)-  being  taugbt  b 
the  deep  groves  of  Britain  ;  and,  as  though  in 
emulation  of  the  songs  of  t)ie  bards  tlicm- 
selves,  he  seised  his  lyre,  and  poured  forth  tbf 
following  stnin,  wbidi,  well-knowu  and  tritt 
ax  it  is  now  become,  cannot,  I  tliink,  be  mi 
without  emotion  by  any  Bnton,  who  redecti 
that  it  is  the  deacripdon  of  the  religion  of  hii 
fordathcTS,  nor,  indeed,  by  any  Cbriitiu. 
who  views  it  in  ita  relation  to  the  author,  u 
exhibiting  an  elevated  spirit  groping  after  is- 
mortality,  amid  the  dork  shadows  of  bcalk- 
eniacn  1 — 


\t  baida !  whom  fwmt  raptsm  fir« 
To  chapt  ynuihcrao  i«  foor  raoatry't  Ijm 
Who  conurnitr.  In  yaur  iniiaurUI  tumis, 
Rnn  pxtriol  taul>  in  liyhuoua  bittlc  «Unt 


•  tuc.  Pb4r)(l^  Sh.  I.,  T.  U*. 


THE  ROMANS  IN   BBITAIH. 


197 


S«caral]r  mw  At  lancfal  task  r«ne«. 

And  ooUMt  tbcoM  in  daMkItu  tang*  panqe. 

Tbt  Drniili  bo*,  while  ant*  trt  bewd  no  BOrri 

Old  ujitcfioi  and  b»rban>D>  rilca  naiora; 

A  irfbt  vbo  ilnfvlar  rellgioB  Ion, 

And  liiiint  thr  lonilf  ccnr«TU  of  tin  frett. 

To  Ihftt,  and  lh(W  of  all  manktod  aloae, 

Th«  godi  arc  luri  nrT«al(d  ot  aun  nnknowni 

If  dyln;  uorlal*'  dooin  tbcy  ilng  arlglil. 

No  fboMa  detcvad  to  dvall  U  inaititl  aigfati 

No  parting  Moli  (o  gTUly  Pluto  go. 

Nor  uck  U«  dreary,  lilcot,  ihadri  bdov; 
But  TorlL  Ihcy  Hy.  immortal  in  thiir  kind, 
Asd  otber  bodicu  ID  ncv  vorhU  ttwj  find. 
Tbiu  Itfe  (or  crct  ruiia  ji*  coillca*  rw*. 
And,  like  a  line,  death  but  diiiilo  the  aptn^ 
A  alop,  vbicb  can  but  for  «  moincnt  laM, 
A  poiol  between  the  future  and  Hie  pa>t. 
Thriir  ha^y  tkty  imulk  Ihrir  awfitra  tiUD, 
Wkt  tlui  iptitftar — tktfiar  a/dtnlh,  dtifiui 
Hence  {barf  no  cair*  Ua  Ihit  frail  beiof  (mI, 
But  mill  ■ndaoBled  on  ibe  pointed  ititd ; 
Provoke  appfOBChio^  file,  and  bravely  acoen 
To  apato  that  llfu  whicb  iiiiui  »a  aooo  ntum ! 

'     UWM.* 


When  Lucan  liad  acqttircd  from  Claudia  the 
materials  which  he  thus  wove  into  Tcrsc,  he 
reliMtMcl  her  to  her  murnJng'K  employment; 
Padcna  soon  found  Iter  in  her  favourite  grotto 
DCkr  the  fiah-po»l,  not  sorry,  if   the  truth 


•  Lvc  Pban,  lib.  i..  t.  400. 


198 


8T0XBHBNQE;   OR> 


finwt  be  told,  of  bang    chiu  sought,  asil 
tint!  found. 

It  would  be  difficult  to  describe  the  emo 
tions,  with  which  PudcDs  and  CUadia  Rgai^ 
each  other  in  their  first  intmicw.  Claadii, 
Instead  of  running  to  meet  him,  its  the  ra 
wont  to  do,  timidly  retired ;  upon  w^ 
Pudctis  remarked, — 

"  This  u  not  the  welcome  which  my  pup^ 
used  formerly  to  give.** 

This  observation  called  forth  »  deep  Modt; 
hut  Claudia  did  not  venture  to  reply.  Putbu 
gnzt'd  upon  her  beautiful  countenance,  and  i> 
t)ie  nmrniers  of  those  times  allowed— (■!>* 
tliiil  they  were  ever  altered !) — imprinted  a  ki» 
u|>on  it :  nor  was  he  satisfied  witli  a  cold  or 
solitary  salute. 

Claudia,  perhaps  taken  too  mueh  by  n><- 
prise  to  offer  more  tiian  a  faint  resistanoi^  M 
first,  upon  recovering  ))«rkelf,  bode  PuikH 
remember  that  she  was  no  longer  Roscnuaain 
her  father's  hall,  but  tlie  exiled  ClaadtB,  it 
away  from  her  friends,  und  in  a  land  of  stnn- 
gcrs ;  and  beji^d  him  not  to  dcceire  her  in 
her  n-linnce  up4)n  his  being  too  gcneruu*  to 
take  any  advantage  of  bcr  unprotected  n- 
tuation. 


TUB    ROMANS    IN     HRITAIN. 


199 


^ 


Pu<lens  was  affected  by  this  appeal;  forthi;re 
vras  a  pathos,  and  a  purity  about  her  manner, 
which  made  him  promiw,  witii  itelf-condemna- 
tton,  that  he  would  not  agnin  transgress.  She 
therefore,  rising  from  her  seat,  proposed  r  walk 
round  the  garden,  as  she  was  anxious  to  hear 
all  the  news  which  be  could  relate  to  her  about 
ber  countxT- 

But  hen:  1  mtwt  pause  to  describe  the 
fur,  interesting  as  the  conversation 
wwi  to  Pudens  and  Chiu<lia,  even  they  could 
not  help  intcrruptiiti;  it  uccnstonalljr,  to  di-scant 
un  tiic  beauties  which  surr^uudod  them.  The 
{•rden,  which  was  very  capacious,  was  sar- 
iitnded  with  shrubs  and  trees,  towering  one 
-ftbovo  the  other,  like  a  verdant  amphitheatre ; 
which  it  also  re«embl«d  in  shape.  Tlie  uat- 
boundory  consisted  of  plane-trees,  closely 
lUnted.  the  trunks  of  which  were  oovcred  with 
ivy,  which  intertwined  and  connected  them 
witJi  each  other.  In  tlits  manner  were  formed 
[the  two  aides ;  and  the  Mtnicircular  boundary 
whicli  connected  tliem  was  one  thick  living  «-alI 
of  eypreas.  Bux-trees  attd  bays  completed  the 
enclosure.  Tliere  were  several  circular  walk*, 
or  rather  drives,  within,  formii^  wtutt  waa 
called   tltc  Hippodrome,   which  was   Lucmn's 


stonbiiknob;  ob. 


first  nsort  in  Uic  morning.  These  nrioas 
drives  were  Itedgvd  n-ith  box  or  rosccutry ;  nil 
Oie  inncnnost  circle  wms  n  shady  wslk  of  Tina, 
soft  wen  lo  the  naked  feet.  Under  tbe  >ba^ 
of  tliexe  vines  grew  fnurnint  l>cds  of  violeti; 
and  on  tlie  more  sunny  side,  the  border  «■• 
tilted  vritli  the  most  delicious  roses.  Tbcw 
winding  alleys  led  to  &  straight  walk,  out  of 
which  several  others  branched,  having  on  one 
»de  trees  cut  into  the  ktters  of  Loont'i 
name,  and  into  obelisks  and  other  fuiia»cic 
shapes,  and  on  the  other  n  beautiful  tars, 
sutTouiiilcd  by  a  well-trimmed  hedge.  Tfait 
part  of  the  garden,  which  was  too  formal 
and  arti6cial  to  accord  with  the  true  pris- 
dplcs  of  taste,  led  to  a  kind  of  wilderuen^ 
where  everything  seemed  to  grow  with  tin 
luxuriitncc  and  graceful  negligence  of  oatne, 
and  which  was  haunted  by  scarlet  flaminji^^l 
silver  plieoxants,  and  a  variety  of  other  fbnjiP 
birds.  HfTt,  vines  climl>ed  their  goardita 
elms,  and  /lere  mulherrics,  figs,  and  the  muit 
templing  fruit-trees,  scented  the  air  with  tlirir 
odouTa,  or  charmed  the  eye  witli  their  dmr- 
sified  foliage.  A  serpentine  patli  led  to  tbe 
centre  of  tliis  wilderness,  in  which  were  tbt 
knolls  of  plane-trees,  with  the  little  meidov 


I 


I 


TIIK    ROMANS    IN    HRITAiy.  201 

or  pratula  Platonia,  which  wu  linvc  described, 
in  vhich  sequestered  spot  Lucnn  used  to  exer- 
cise his  voice  in  recitatioit,  immediately  before 
bathing.  A  widk,  xhaded  by  the  graceful  acnn- 
tbos,  n-iiiding  amid  beautiful,  but  perhaps  some- 
what too  aitilicudly,  clipped  shnibk,  conducted 
ftxiin  henoe  to  tlie  alcove  before  alluded  to,  and 
tlitf  btauty  and  luxury  of  which,  to  be  duly  ap- 
precistcd,  muiit  be  alvrays  viewed  in  conncctiou 
with  tbc  fervent  splendour  of  an  Italian  sky. 

Between  this  cool  and  delicious  retreat  and 
a  summer-house  at  the  other  extremity,  which 
fronted  it,  vnn  a  fountain,  whote  sparkling 
waters  never  ceased  to  pluy.  The  summer- 
house  was  built  of  the  rareitt  marble,  and 
its  portico  opened  u])oii  n  smooth  turfed 
terraoe-walk ;  its  upper  windows  command- 
ed a  view  of  the  whole  garden.  In  this 
summer-house  was  a  sleeping  apartment,  de- 
light^lly  cooled  and  darkened  by  a  elusterin); 
vine ;  here  it  was  that  Lucan  was  accustomed 
to  enjoy  his  siesta  or  afternoon  nap. 

Further  description  of  this  luxurious  garden 
would  be  tedious ;  suffice  it,  therefore,  to  say, 
that  elegant  marble  seats  were  disposed  in  the 
most  commodious  places,  getienlly  shaded  by 
a  vine,  and  always  cooled  by  a  fountain,  and 

K    3 


202 


RTONBRKNG8;  OR, 


that  the  stream,  which  hod  ita  rise  itfv  CUit- 
ilia's  &vouritc  rustic  grotto,  not  only  aapplied 
tlie  piscinas  and  the  dtflcrent  fountuns,  but 
purled  along  in  serenil  httic  marmurin;  tills, 
itiid  rcffx^shed  and  beautified  the  whole  gnrdcn.* 
In  this  artificial  paradise,  then,  whose  chartns 
were  enhanced  hy  the  picturesque  views  to  be 
aecn  from  every  eminence,  and  by  a  climate 
so  bright  and  so  )>ahny,  that  the  very  sir 
seemed  delicious,  were  Pudens  and  Clauifii 
conversing. 

Their  confabulations  were,  indeed,  interTUp^ 
cd  by  the  discussion  which  hox  been  rccspito- 
Isted,  but  it  was  only  to  be  resumed  in  tbe 
evening,  when  Lucan  took  his  accttstanwd 
walk  or  a  drive. 

In  tlie  m<'a»iime,  the  siestA,  the  geststio 
or  airing,  the  declamation,  the  athletic  exer- 
cise, the  bathing,  and  the  cienatio  with  tt> 
accompanying dfiimatic  or  lyrical  entcrtainitient, 
had  to  be  gone  through.f 

l*as&ing  over  u*ne  occupaiions,  let  us  now 
listen  awhile  to  a  sunset  conversaiton  reapctt- 


•  For  M  datrlpiiot)  of  ■  Roiiub  (inlrn,  tiiL  Pliaji  CfiM. 
lib.  II,  <>|iiil.  6. 

•  Kor  (ti  artonntoribf  muiiur  U  dkicb  ai 
tytai  tlic  iay  in  rFiirrnient,  rliL  llin.  EpiiL  lib.  ts,  ff.  U 


I 


THB   BOMANg   IN    BRITAIM.  SOS 

BriUin.  CUudia's  first  inquiries  were,  as 
naturtlly  be  supposed,  rcUtire  to  her 
&ther,  which  Pudons  mtiiwered  liy  stating  that 
Arvinigus  had  then,  intUed,  reco\'ered  his 
healtti  and  spirits,  but  thut  he  had  been  ill 
nome  time  before ;  and  as  his  illness  had  oc- 
curred about  tlic  time  when  the  Roman  tribute 
bec&nie  due,  the  people  had  imputed  it  to  that 
circumstance.  "  Douhtlesa,"  said  Pudens,  '*  it 
did  fret  his  proud  siMrit  i  and  I  do  not  know 
that  all  my  i>ersuasiurifl  would  hnvc  prevailed 
ujion  him  t4>  |>ay  the  tribute  iieaccahly,  had 
not  old  Morgan  tuld  him  tltnt  tlie  l>mve  Cassi- 
belaunus  had  done  so  before  him." 

Pudens  also  stilted  tluit  this  higli-spirited 
chief  had  felt  %n  annoyed  nt  the  near  neigh- 
bourliuod  of  tlie  KumaiiK,  that  he  had  resolved 
to  abandon  his  reitdencc  at  Sorbiodununi,  and 
was  then  employing  himself  in  the  erection  of 
a  castle  at  \ViiidM>r.  Claudia,  who  could  sym- 
pathise with  her  father's  feelings,  asked  whe- 
ther Pudens  thought  that  her  presence  would 
lint  nlieviutc  his  Korruws ;  hut  l»c  assured  her 
that  her  fatliirr  had  more  than  once  expressed 
tlie  wish,  tiiat  tf  she  were  comfortable  at  Itunie, 
she  should  remain  ther*;  until  he  had  oompteted 
his  building  at  Windsor,  or,  as  Arviragus  ex< 


2(H 


8T0NEIIBN0K  ;    OH, 


pressed  it,  could  btke  her  to  sonte  place  irbitfa 
was  not  orcrli>okccl  by  Uie  Romaiu.* 

After  some  other  inquiries   relatiYe   to  her 
father,  ClKudia  next  tuked  idmut  her  &vourite 
old   MorgKti,  and  teanx,   with   more    som>« 
than  surpriscf  that  he  was  no  more.     Thetbort 
sequel  of  poor  uld  Moi^ui's  history  ia  as  lol- 
luws.     After  tiic   distuttrous   battle  of  Cran- 
bourn    Chue,    h«   attempted   to    solace  hit 
declining  years  by  making  songs  on  the  bnn 
exploits  of  Brennus,  which  he  would  sing  ts 
his  harp  under  the  old  willow-tree.     He  uaei 
frequently  to  risit  Hreimus's  grave,  and  turM 
it  louml,  and  strewed  it  with  wild  flowers,  ta 
one  uf  tliese  visits,  he  caught  a  cold,  which 
speedily  terminated  his  existence.     Such  «m 
the  visible  and  pcHiaps  the  immediate  cause  of 
his  death ;  hut  lie  never  recovered  tl»e  shock 
which   he  had  sustained,  in  being  at  once  de- 
prived  of    Hrennus   and   Claudia,  tlie   tatttr, 
esjiecially,  being  the  darling  of  his  heart,  wtuot 

*  In  a  poem  enUtlnl,  "  \  Mrdio^  Dukigiw-wm  Wran* 
N«lnrt,  the  Hbirriiit,  mnd  (he  Turdt-dave.l7R.CWM*! 
I£01,**  thi*  fact  is  cummruionwd, 

Wtsiliinr,!  cmUi  of  eiORllkf  (trength, 
rim  built  by  Arririi|U>,  Briuin*'^  Viof- 

MitLONB'*  NOTSt  QN  CtMSUI^B. 


TDK    ROMANS    t?f    BRITAIN. 


SOS 


^ 


never  mentioned  without  lome  tender  xiid 
afiecdonate  exprcuion.  One  day,  aa  he  was 
walking  with  PudenR,  tlier  liaji|>eiied  to  see  a 
ver\-  luxuriant  woodbine  twining  it«  fragrant 
blossoRiB  around  an  old  appte-trce.  **  'Diat 
poor  appliNtree,'*  said  Morgan,  **  resembles 
mv,  when  my  sweet  Rosy,"  for  so  he  called  his 
favourite,  "  seented  to  hang  upon  me,  hstening 
to  my  songB,  I  thought  more  of  the  support 
which  my  mind  ministered  to  hers,  than  of  the 
beauty,  the  guety  and  life  which  her  soul 
threw  around  mine;  hut  now  those  clustering 
blossoms  are  removed,  I  ])crcdv«  my  own  bar- 
renness and  age,  my  weakneau  and  de<.-ay.  All 
well  1  alt,  well  '■"  he  added,  •*  I  trust  that  the 
clime  whither  she  is  transplanted  will  prove 
propttioua,  and  that  «  nobler  support  than  I 
have  been  able  to  give  will  keep  those  blossoms 
unsullied. 

I'uor  Claudia  wept  bitterly  at  the  death  of 
old  Morgan ;  and  when  her  perturbation  had 
mufficiently  subsided  to  resume  tlie  conversa- 
tion, inquired,  a-i  well  an  Klie  could,  how  her 
fatlier  luwl  borne  the  death  of  his  old  bard. 

"  He  Kerned  to  fc«l  it  very  acutely,"  replied 
Pudcns,  "  and  for  some  time  shut  himself  up, 
and  would  not  eat  anytliing,  or  sutTer  any  jier- 


306 


stoneiienge;  or. 


son  to  oome  near  bim.  Two  or  three  tUn 
after  the  occurrence,"  continued  Pudeiu,  "I 
saw  him,  and  ventured  to  condole  with  him, 
but  he  answered  bitterly,  *  I  do  not  know  why 
I  should  feel  the  loss  nf  a  bard  when  bis  imp 
can  be  of  no  farther  u»e ;  for  those  whOK 
deeds  he  sung  are  gone,  and  tbo«e  be  tiseil  to 
teach  are  gone,  and  I  only  am  left,  b'ke  »»■« 
ficHtbed  trunk  which  lias  survived  tLc  confl^ 
gration  of  a  forest.'  " 

Pudens  went  on  to  relate  that  old  Moi^ 
had  been  buried,  by  his  own  desire,  under  ha 
favourite  willow,  and  that  his  harp  bad  ben 
laid  in  the  grm^'e  by  his  side. 

"  And  this  reminds  me,  Claudia,"  contimed 
Pudens,  "  tliut  your  father  desired  me  to  lA 
you  whetlier  you  could  remember  an  old  di^ 
which  he  and  his  brother,  and  old  Morpa, 
bud  once  composed,  /  forget,''  said  Pudem 
"  upon  what  occasion,  but  it  bt^n : 

Pear  BA  morr  tbt  brct  o'lh*  Mn. 

Nor  ibf  furicwa  iiinlrr'*  nftt  i 
Tbou  tbf  worldljr  U*)i  hiut  done, 

HuiDC  Kft  (o«t,  aod  ta'cn  Ibj  wafW. 

"  Your  father,"  he  continued,  "  couM  qbIt 
remember  this  and  the  last  verse,  whirfi,  if  I 
recollect,  was : 


TRB   B0UAN8   IN    BRITAIN.  20/ 

Ko  aon'att  lumi  ihre  [ 

Nor  no  wllclicrnft  diarm  Ibee; 
Gboit  iinUiil  ftirWur  tlirr  ; 

Nottiid^  ill  comr  nrtr  IhM  i 
fiaiat  mHtumnution  Imtf, 
And  Moswiml  be  thj  f  nrc 

Claudia  knew  the  song  well,  which,  as  mj 
need   hardly    be  reminded,  han  since 
been  so  freely  hut  touchingly  tnnalnt«d  by 
I  Shakspcarc,*  and  did  not  forget  to  transmit  it 
\%o  her  fatlicr. 

Thus  Claudia  and  Fadens  spent  the  evening 

getlter,  conversing  about  the  changes  which 

id  taken  place  since  Claudia  had  left  Britain ; 

lend  these  topics  naturally  led  to  others,  and 

ttbe  scenes  of  their  former  acquaintance  were 

reviewed,  till,  imperceptibly,   the    feelings   of 

Claudia's  former  attachment  were  revived,  and 

those  of  Pudens  renewed — altered,  indci-d,  in 

kthcir  nature,  but  certainly  not  dtministicd  in 

[their  intensity. 

Claudia's  feelings  were  not^  however,  sg 
I  diverted  fn>m  the  deep  Uiough  noiseless  ehan- 
el  of  sensibility,  through  whidt  they  ordinardy 
[flowed,  as  to  forget  lier  dear  preceptor  old  Mor- 
igan,  and  her  first  employment  and  solace  were 


•  U  iW  bMMirnl  pUf  CrnbcllM. 


906 


BTONBHKNOE  ;    OR, 


P 


to  string  lier  burp  to  Am  praises,  wlio  Itsd  Uu^ 
her  how  to  sweep  it  Hme  hw  only  spand  ■ 
fragment  of  the  simple  elegy  which  she  com- 
posed, and  that  so  closely  resemble*  tlien- 
tiexed  staiiKaH,  that  they  may  be  oonwdend  m 
elegant  paraphrase  of  it.  I  prefer,  tfaereftn, 
giving  tliese  stanxas  to  attempting  a  tmiiUna 
of  the  fragment,  as  I  would  not  throw  a  At- 
dow  of  suspicion  on  the  onginaUty  of  the  fol- 
lowing exquisite  verses : 

In  yoadFr  gnire  4  dnrid  lin, 

Wbviv  kIciwIt  windt  thp  BtuIiDf  van; 

The  f  cur"*  btix  t«Mti  thill  ilvUum  ri<r, 
Todri'k  iu  poei'i  aj^ns  graTe. 

In  fon  difup  bed  of  whisperiag  rKda. 

ttlM  liry  harp»b>U  dov  beUMl; 
'Jliat  be  irbuw  bpanlnwrrovUfcda, 

Miy  Ion  thro'  life  ihc  tootklnf  kliadr. 


THS  BOHAN8  IX  BBITAIX.  209 


CHAPTER  XIV. 

DiTidcd  hj  s  river,  on  whou  fcukki 
Ob  neb  ^de  an  imperiil  dtf  ilood. 
With  xawtrt  aod  tcmplci  proodlf  derite 
On  icTni  (Ditll  hiUt,  with  pdacsi  kdorn'd, 
POTcba  aod  ibutrM,  bilbl,  acqnediicti, 
SutDd  uu]  traphici,  ind  triomphml  Brci, 
Garden*  and  grort»  pmented  to  bit  tjet. 

rAtADIIB    HSailKID,  1.  IT.    T,  32. 

O.v  the  morrow  Pudena  rose  at  dawn  of 
d«y,  and  hastened  to  Rome  before  the  heat 
became  oppressive.  It  is  difficult  to  describe 
his  emotions  on  entering  the  metropolis  not 
yet  aroused  from  its  slumbers  I  Loolung  down 
from  a  bill,  which  commanded  a  view  of  the 
whole  city,  he  beheld  the  gilt  dome  of  the  pan* 
theon  kindle  into  an  orb  of  fire,  as  the  rays  of 
the  rising  sun  fell  upon  it.  The  marble  portico 
of  the  temple  of  Venus  sparkled  like  silver, 
while  the  shaded  columns  seemed  softened  into 
ivory.    The  eastern  hills  threw  dark  tracks  of 


210 


STONEHRNOB;    OR, 


shadow  over  the  city,  and  tlic  yelloir'nbemi 
wreathed  with  murniiig  niist.  Silence,  loo, 
added  to  tlie  impressiveness  of  the  acene.  Tlte 
forum  of  Augustus  was  ns  still  u  the  hundred 
statues  vrliich  adorned  it,  anil  whidi  «eemeil 
the  genii  of  tiie  place  ;  and  the  colossal  figwc 
of  Apulto  in  the  oentre,  towering  into  ma- 
shine,  as  though  wearins  his  diadem  of  glorf, 
seemed  to  watch  in  silence  over  the  sleepii; 
oapttal.  The  circus,  the  campus  martius,  aad 
the  porticoes,  were  all  deserted.  No  chariot 
sjiarkled  along  the  marble  intersections  of  the 
Floininian  and  £>alartan  ways;  but  the  wliole 
scene  appeared  as  motionless  and  as  heautifDl 
as  a  vision. 

Tlie  restless  spirit,  whose  terrible  motioii* 
agitated  and  awed  the  remotest  cornen  of  tiit 
earth  was  hushed  into  repose;  nnd  nolluaj 
savoured  of  lii'e,  except  the  laxy  step  of  the 
wearied  sentinel  pacing  before  the  Temple  ai 
Katuni,  guanliiig  the  treasures  of  the  nation, 
and  the  spirit-like  form  of  one  of  the  VHtil 
virgins,  who  Memed  to  have  wandered  into  &» 
portico  to  cool  her  brow,  fevered  by  her  nigbt't 
watch,  in  the  freshness  of  the  owming  breoc 

While  Pudens  gaicd  on  the  scene,  one  pan 
after  another  recovered  its  suspended  animation, 


THE    BOUANS    IM    nitlTAIX. 


811 


I 

I 


k 


tfae  heav^  vrun  creaked  along  the  Flatninian 
way,  the  bargeman's  clamour  eohoe<l  from  tli6 
■hores  of  the  l^lwr;  and  the  movements  of  a 
nquadron  of  Roldiers,  ascending  the  Cnpitoline 
aieiiK  R»  ttiey  Hdvanoe<l  (x»  relieve  gxianl,  were 
revealed  by  the  corrunentinna  caused  by  the 
6aabcfl  of  light  reflected  fron)  tltdr  glittering 
breast-pliitcK  and  helms." 

But  the  object  which,  perhaps,  more  than 
any  other,  excited  the  inturest  of  Pudens,  waa 
the  gulden  niiUrium  or  pillar  from  which  the 
dlatance  was  computed  to  tlie  extremities  of  the 
knoim  world.  It  appeared  to  him,  as  it  glit* 
tered  behind  the  temple  of  Saturn,  to  be  the 
omtre  of  liic  uiiiTerae — the  golden  pivot,  around 
vhieh  llie  fatcx  of  empires  revolved  I  To  this 
focus  thi-  wcaltli  of  all  ititUons  was  conveyed— 
thia  was  the  starting  point  of  limitless  dominion. 
By  this  standard,  the  different  degrees  of  civi- 
lisatioo  were  realized — by  this  scale,  the  meji- 
miTO  of  the  exile's  punisliment  was  conipute^Lf 

Pudcns  beheld  this  gorgeous  spectacle  with 
dcsolatcncss  of  heart,  which  his  new  teeming 
hopes  could  not  dissi(>atc.     He  seemed  return- 


•  >Uni»l  bu  (i'Bn  •  lirtly  («^  iT^l  of  llw  ImpgrMl  ttij, 
lib.  IV-  (pig.  W. 

I  Par  ■  fiilt  <letcrlr«loa  of  IW  (Oldvn  niilr^mark.  (miUm. 
.  Hub  mHmm.J     Str  ArMftr  m  7W.  Hut.  I.  c  zr. 


212 


STONEHKNOE  ;    OR, 


jng,  a  comparative  stranger  to  tbe  place  vhid 
had  always  (leein«cl  hi*  home ;  and  be  fak 
tliat  he  could  now  lay  but  a  very  diminahed 
claim  to  the  glory  of  the  city  upon  wludi  ii 
gued. 

These  thoughts  went,  however,  soon  Auxi 
away,  by  the  aflectionBte  reception  whkh  be 
met  from  his  old  patron  Aulus  Plaatin. 
That  veteran  was  delighted  with  Ibe  milttaiy 
career  of  Pudens,  of  which  he  had  reodfeda 
must  favourable  socount  from  Suetonius;  and 
perhaps  still  more  with  tlie  patience  with  wlikh 
Pudens  listened  to  his  oft  repeated  story  of  toi 
own  campaign  in  Britain.  As  Aulu3  PUntioi 
had  no  children  of  his  own,  he  fonnaUy  adoplci 
Pudens  as  his  heir,  by  tbe  name  of  Anln 
Pudens,  and  not  only  compensated  him  fiv 
the  losses  which  he  had  sustained  in  his  Ulr 
shipwreck,  which  were  not  inconsiderable,  Ind 
procured  fur  him  a  primipilarship,  uid  gsn 
him  a  luflicicnt  aUowunce  to  support  the  tS^ 
nity  of  the  Equestrian  Order. 

Pudens  made  it  his  first  duty  to  o&r  • 
thanksgiving  sacrifice  consisting  of  a  sddwj 
lamb  to  Juno,  and  another  to  Minerva,  amis 
milk-white  bull,  bred  on  the  banks  oftlie  fsmoai 
Clitumnus  to  Jupiter.  (L)  He  then  rrpaired  t» 
the  temple  of  Isis,  and  employed  oneof  tbeaitltfi 


TUB    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


213 


[Mtoched  to  the  establishment*  to  psint  &  re- 

fprcacntation  of  tlto  shipwreck  from  which  he 

hv\  Uitcljr  escaped,  to  be  hung  upon  tlie  walta 

I  ax  H  volivc  tablet. 
A  few  (lays  ctiahlctl  him  to  despatch  hiB  pub- 
lic business,  after  having  done  which,  he  re- 
solved to  lose  no  more  time  in  seeking  his 
friend  Linus,  of  whom  he   hsd  heard   rarioua 
lad  contradictory   rumours  at   the   Prtetorian 
Ioamp.     He  knew  Linua's   gij  disposition  too 
well,  to  expect  to  find  him  in  uiy  very  secluded 
pUce ;  lie  therefore  sallied   forth  with  a  deter- 
Buoation  to  go  tho  whole  round  of  fashionable 
JouDgw  in  quest  of  him. 
i'uly  in  the  morning,  he  hastened  to  attend 
the    levy    of   fallas,   a  freedmaii    of   Xero's, 
which     was    then    amongst    the    most    mag- 
[nificent  in  Rome.     Having  paased  through  the 
I  crowd  waiting  nt  the  threshold  for  the  euato- 
ituary  doles,  amongst  whom  were   to  be  seen 


Itttme'i  oU  •obility  ot  Tro}M  bloo^ 

Ovpiag  UMng  ih«  cronl  (or  Ihelr  pKCwioni  food  t 

,  )ie  had   the  honour  of  saluting  aa  lord,  the 

■  PlcWrm  ^uto  Dcwtl  »h  liid*  pMcl y**.  13.  tS. 

tJutenalti,  SsLi,  V.  9S,(b«. 


su 


STONEIIICNeB  ;   OR, 


despicBble  owner,  wlio  moved  about,  cnfolikil 
in  purple,  with  all  the  pride  o(  an  eaaun 
monarch,  but  whose  bored  ears  bespoke  hk 
former  aervilc  condition. 

Having  wasted  about  two  hoars,  nuue- 
ly,  from  six  in  the  morning  till  eu;ht,  it 
different  lerees,  following  the  miserable  tribe 
of  courtiers  wIio  rushed  from  one  hall  tn 
another  to  salute  those  who  did  not  ictm 
tlicir  salutation,  be  rcpAired  to  the  forum  of 
Au£;u!itus. 

He  was  soon  biTolved  in  a  considenUi 
crowd,  which  was  gathered  round  a  foong 
advocate  who  was  haranguing  under  the  imj 
statue  of  Apollo."  To  his  great  del^^  he 
recognized  among  the  crowd  his  former  tnati, 
Martiid  the  poet.  Martial  ivms  leaning  sgaJUl 
a  marble  column,  listening  to  the  orator,  wilb 
a  half-nmused,  half-chagrined  countcnancC}Mi 
occasionolljr  writing  on  his  tablets,  as  if 
taking  notes  of  the  evidence.  Pudcns  cooU 
not,  for  a  long  time,  gather  from  the  spcako 
tlie  object  of  his  suit;  but  be  inferred  tU 

*  Iptc  diet  piilchroitlitiagtiitiu  onUMr«ruBi{ 
S|>ortu)a,  ilclodv  foniu,  jurbqu*  prrilM  AfglK  te 


THR    BOUATfS   IN    BHITAIN. 


215 


great  an<l  public  crime  had  been  oom- 
mitled ;  for  lie  beard  all  the  pubUc  ercnta  re- 
CBpitulDt«d,  and  almost  'all  tbe  public  per- 
sonages appealed  to,  who  had  influenced  the 
destinies  of  Rome.  Tbe  Orator  seemed  to 
inveigh,  with  Dotnostlionic  vebemenL-c,  against 
aooic  persnn,  or  aome  crime,  hut  had  not  yet 

*  arrived  at  any  specific  charge,  when,  caiting 
bis  eye  on  the  clepyda  ur  looking  glass,  in 
■rhiob  the  lapM  of  time  was  meted  by  water  in- 
•tead  of  nnd,  and  jx^rrcivin^  thnt  the  moments 
were  ebbtug  iaat,  with  ludicroux  iklmipinciu,  he 
gave  hi*  audience  to  understand  thnt  all  tliis 
exordium  was  but  prefatory  to  a  charge  which 

I  he  liad  to  make  against  some  |)ersoii  fur  having 
stolen  Uirce  guatx  from  Martial's  fold  !  Before, 
howerer,  he  could  suhstnntiate  his  char^gc,  his 
opponent  told  him  that  the  time  allotted  him 
^  was  expired,  and  that  he  must  now  gi%-e  phice 
Vio  him.  Pudcns  was  almost  convulsed  witit 
lauij)itcr  at  the  dismayed  look  of  the  crest- 

t  fallen  advocate,  and  tlic  indescribable  expns- 
aiun  of  Martial's  countenance,  ui  which  seemed 
to  bo  pourtmyed  a  ludicrous  struggle  between 
annoyance  and  amusement. 

Martial  did  not  wait  to  bear  the  advocate  for 


216 


STONEnSNGK;   OR, 


the  accused,  but  was  beating  a  retreat  from  ibe 
crowd  as  Bpe«dilf  and  unobsenrcdly  u  lie 
could,  when  Pudens  came  np  and  accosted  hinu 
They  looked  at  each  other  for  a  moment  or  iwg, 
and  then  burst  into  a  simultaneous  roar  <i 
taughter. 

"  Did  you  ever  hear  such  a  mngnnoquent  *m 
in  your  lifer"  said  Martial.  "  1  wasted  Is 
hand  him  up  my  tablets,  but  be  threw  hitDsdt 
about  BO  wildly,  that  I  was  afraid,  if  1  offend 
tbcm  to  him,  that  they  would  only  be  beaM 
out  of  my  hand.  Look  ye,"  said  hv,  haMfii{ 
the  tablets  to  Pudens,  "  what  I  hod  written  II 
him." 

Pudens,  with  difficulty,  dedphcrcd  the  fid- 
lowing  epigram : — 


Agiidd  no  hnmiclilo  ilo  I  appeal. 
By  pnitnn'il  chiller,  or  t>j  murdcnMi*  *lotl; 
Bui  timpljr  wtnl  to  liax  hit  wtinUp  (old 
TbatT  huTC  lout  ibrer  ^otu  out  of  mj'  (6H> 
Stol'n  by  *  neighbour;  Ihi*  U  all  tl»  trout. 
And  lliiii  tn  girnt*  won't  occup*  oiatbtiBi; 
Bat  you,  im  though  ynn  urprv  rVUiocd  by  Uut, 
FiRhl  u'«r(EilD  drniil  M  ithiidatjo  wi, 
Compliia  of  punie  tiucheiyud  ngt. 
And  brinjt  Ihc  gliotu  of  Canns  oaltetUft  i 
Tr«rinjt  your  throat,  and  ihakicK  ill  y«Dr  tnmt, 
A*  Marius,  2>tylla,  ScmtoU,  you  i 


TUK    ROMANS    IN     BitlTAIN. 

Vsnr  rloqacK*  ««4ilil  f  ■in  ■  natliMi'*  ' 

Bii4  ftf  ttjt  lotHtliinf  <•/ mf  tin*  p*»r  fall  !* 

Pud e nil's  oomniendation  of  this  epigram 
•oon  KCoiHriled  Martial  to  his  £itc ;  or  nthcr 
it  induced  Itim  to  return  Ui  nwut  the  dc- 
,  cUion  of  the  judge.  On  returning,  how- 
Bver,  they  found  liutt  Itie  jirisoncr's  advocBlc 
[llkving  prevailed  on  the  judge  to  extend 
the  time  nllowcd  him  for  his  speech  lo 
[the  Bwful  Iciiglli  of  Kevcn  hours,  to  be 
icosurvd  bjr  the  elepcydra,  was  blustering 
fty  almoiit  its  mercilessly  as  his  pr«dccc&Bor, 
id,  to  their  amusement,  quaffing  large  draughts 
}f  water  to  refntsh  himself  under  such  arduous 
Kertions! 

'Iliia  was  too  much  for  the  patienee  of  the 
getulant   Martial.      He  drew   out  his  tablets, 
id  wrote  the  following  epigram : 

TW  Ja4(e  nlsctantlf  to  fan  hat  (lt«n 
Of  bniDBisf  boar-  iilMMtt  bo  lea  than  tnm  t 
Aa<  fvu,  atfaint.  Mid  home  «)tb  labour  valo, 
V/lxk  Uudtd  hack  ihe  waur-bo«(le  draia  : 
ir  j«u  nwl  drink,  llw  itille  fill uMt, 
Aitdfrom  th«  tnf-gl»finwtitalariftiit,l 

Having  thus  vented  bis  spleen,  Martial  left 


*  Mart.  Ub.  *i.,  oplg.  19. 
VOL.    II. 


THan.LIH.Ti.  tf.3i. 


ei8 


gtonebbngb;  or. 


the  prisoner  to  his  fikte,  tliinking  tint  ti>rc< 
goabt  were  well  exchanged  for  two  tfh 
grams. 

In  this  manner,  they  vhiled  awsy  about  m 
hours,  during  which  time  the  scene  had  ben 
increasing  in  animation,  and  was  now  at  id 
maximum.  From  ten  to  eleven,  was  the  duK 
busy  time  for  all  classes  in  Rome.*  The  stredii 
the  courtt,  the  shops,  indeed  every  pint 
seemed  to  teem  witJi  activity ;  and  Paim 
could  not  help  oontnisting  this  gtddying  voctt:^ 
in  which  the  tide  of  life  seemed  to  boil,  ink 
the  calm  scene  of  repose  on  which  he  bW 
gazed  in  the  morning. 

Kesumtng  his  search  after  his  friend  Liiua, 
he  followed  Uie  directions  of  the  dissipile^ 
Martial,  who  was  well  acquainted  with  At 
rettorts  of  lounjjers  like  himself;!  and  wha> 
altliough  obliged  to  leave  him  for  a  wtak. 
promised  speedily  to  rejoin  him  »t  the  Iwlb- 
Acting  under  this  advice,  he  first  directed  U) 
steps  to  the  Portico  of  Europa — a  magniliMB 
colonnwie  of  marble,  which  derived  its  taut 

■  TbR  dlvblnn  uit  KpixtnlDBaicnl  at  Unr  la  lUm  ■■ 
Iw  learnt  (rvm  MurC  lib.  ir.,  gjiiit.  8. 

t  For  ID  accouDt  of  the  Ronua  looagn,  Tid«  HailtK 
ii^cpij.  1*. 


TIIK    ROUANH   IN     nRITAIV. 

•  painting  of  Eurnpa  on  iU  walls,  bj  the 

tinasterly  hand  uf  Antiplitlos.  *    This  portico 

on  the  borders  uf  the  Campus  Martius,  of 

vhich  it  cofumanded  tbe  entire  ricw,  and  v«b 

Fttte   tvM^rt  of   the   faHhionahle,   who    smiued 

•  tlietnutve!)  with  the  aportfl,  miUtary  exercises, 

and  other  s])eetacles,  which  this  Hyde-Puk  of 

ttlie   ttomans   presented.     Pudcns   Bcanned  tn 

the  diflervnt  loungers,  at  ihey  sat  on  the 

<  disputing  about  tlic  foot  rnceii,  or  pa- 

the  walks  of  clipped  box,  which  were  con- 

tected    with  the  Portico  :  —  no  Linus  was 

there. 

Lenving  tliis  portico,  be  went  to  the  Ovilia, 

tor  Septa,  which  were  the  polling-places,  where 
the  Romans  were  aocuHtomed  to  gire  their 
TOtci  on  any  question  and  around  which  th  e 
gayest  shops  in  Rome  were  ranged.  He  wms 
■  Tery  much  amused  there  lay  watching  the  con- 
'  duct  of  a  person  of  the  name  of  Mnmu^^^ 
whoui  Martial  has  immortaliied  in  the  follow- 
ing e)iigram,  which  lie  composed  ftvta  tlie 
laugliablo  relation  of  Cudens  :^ 

■Ttit  nrlui  WM  ccMnled  (or  baring  rrpriirnXil  n  l<nf 
bloa-ing  II  nrf,  u  faithfully,  lt»l  tint  vb.klr  k'.iiM  larmtd 
lllufaloaUd  wlili  llir  0-inei ;  and  likvwiM,  for  liaiing  girca 
•Ppanni  RHilion  toibr  HoipM'a  diitiir*.  la  a  painlia^  «f  • 
■pioaioft  *rtot. 

I.   2 


2S0 


BTONBBKNaS;    OR, 


Ther*  gon  Uiiniurrii '.  M  the  lire-long  dajr, 

Anmiiil  llir  )iolliiiji-t>iKrllit  bin  (ooUlffa  *tn;; 

From  (blip  to  rIiuj),  wlirn  goUcii  itome  iprMdi  torA. 

P«r  Mnipftilian,  rnry  (Mo^  of  wortli. 

He  Afit  aiwndt  the  alavc  niitit,  uid  impecB 

Tbodc  vliich  lliR  niRHUT  truni  lb*  croud  ativctt; — 

Nnt  IbiiM'  (xpuiiMl  Id  vulgar  fotki,  like  me, 

But  niich  ■*  piadignl*  alon*  inly  art  1 

Yon  cnilly  tnh!rt  nni[  liU  Mill  tteorbt 

iitv,  hi  uDci>ri<ia  Ihst  mplrniteBt  orb, 

EiaminM  the  rich  rltire  or  trofyi 

And  tnkri  them  off  Ibal  be  inair  bMltr  w* ! 

Then  (tiarely  Mnlka  yon  itining  lalil*  itHindi 

Four  ticiipa  bin  kIi-jih  Ibr  briii|;un  liir«  bouaif  i 

'  Tlir  tor|iiiBri>br1l.'  b«  miyi,  'bitchi»cc  might  fti. 

Rut  lii>  own  citron  will  urat  more  ikui  aix.' 

Thence,  turning  in  (lie  jitaliin  (annril  in  ro>t. 

He  jruT*  a  liltliT  iitihjfe  to  hia  u^>^, 

Ti>  iiiiFll  if  >l  bi-  (rue  Corinthian  bruti 

Nor  ciQ  a  PolyciclK  unrcniored  | 

Tbii  rryiiUi  raat'a  neat  altracl  kl«  i 

AiiiJ.  Iliikril  wilh  gtaiM,  nc«ce  ttaod  lbs  (crwIiBjri 

NeviTibcIo*.  wiib  critidiiof;  lone. 

He  counia  out  ten,  and  mnrka  then  (or  hu  awnf 

Tiien  porvi  n*er  drinking  vi'UcU,  rirbly  chawd. 

To  see  if  Mi'ntor'n  hnnil  Ibrir  ni'Halda  liad  jpure't- 

Some  emerald  rarringB  neit  hr  icana  wjlb  card 

And  couiili  tbc  grina,  Irttoue  be  miwlaf  IktC 

A  lord  on;  I  and  jnnpiir  tlit^ii  hu  tpi'*, 

Qucationt  tiieir  genuini'nvM,  and  nik)  their  pHo. 

Thua  time  wean  on — (lie  ihadowt  lengthiiwd,  ftU. 

Aod  bre  o'clock  bii  wturird  ili-pi  reraJ  i 

He  hiiji — two  paltry  eii|i>  of  coiuiuon  detf. 

And,  abuOliag  hutue,  b«  cariiM  Hum  Mwadtf!* 

As   Puilcns  did    not  rerugnise   ha 
•  Man.  Lib.  IX.  E|df.  M. 


THB    BOUA.H8    IN    SBITAIK. 


321 


I 


I 


Linus,  and  ss  tb«  superb  temple  of  Neptane 
was  in  the  riciiiitj:,  curiontj  prompted  biro 
to  enteri  to  view  the  splendid  painting  of  the 
Argonauts  on  the  walls,  which  had  converted 
tliis  temple  into  a  kind  of  national  gallery. 
Not  being  more  sucoessful  in  his  search  after 
Linuit,  he  proceeded  thenoe  to  the  magnificent 
and  m]rsterwa»4ooktng  temple  of  Isis,  ourioua 
to  see  whether  his  own  offering  still  retained  its 
place.  To  his  great  surprise  and  delight,  he 
not  only  saw  the  oonimentorative  tablet  which 
recorded  his  offering  ;  but  he  likewise  beheld 
his  old  Kcrvnnt,  Ryno,  gazing  upon  it,  while 
A  coinpaniun  deciphered  the  inscription  for  bimi 
This  faithful  fellow  hnd  risitcd  the  shrine  of 
Istfl  almost  daily,  ever  since  his  arrirol  in 
Rome,  hoping  to  find  some  memorial  of  his 
Ute  router,  among  the  many  which  liad  dcco- 
rsted  tlie  wall  since  llie  late  storm.  Kyno  no 
sooner  recognised  Piidcns,  than  he  gave  Uie 
moHt  extravagant  demon*  tmtions  of  joy,  throw- 
ing himself  upon  the  marble  p&rcroent,  and 
sizing  his  knees,  and  kissing  lus  hands.  He 
was  at  present,  it  appeared,  in  the  service  of 
Linus,  who,  he  infonned  Pudvns,  was  at  some 
place  of  public  resort,  although  he  could  not 


222 


xroxKiiKNOR;  on* 


tell  preciset}'  where;  but  he  thought  that  he 
might  probably  be  IouikI  at  Agripps'a  Portico 
with  the  hundred  coiumiia  ;  or  at  that  of 
Pompey  with  iut  nhiuly  groves.  Pudens,  to 
b»  great  relief,  found  Linus  in  t3ie  Utter 
place;  but,  to  his  surprise,  IJnus  die]  nut  greet 
him  with  Lliat  cordiality  which  eharacterited 
him,  and  seemed  somewhat  emhanassed  in  Kb 
society.  AOcr  liaving  discussed  tJie  must 
common-plnoe  topics,  they  Telnpsed  into  silence, 
which  Pu<[vns  availed  Iiimself  of  to  contrive 
some  excuse  for  parting  company,  as  he  attri- 
buted this  change  In  Ida  firiend's  conduct  to 
^e  effect  which  some  sudden  turn  of  fortune 
ha<l  pra(lu<%d  upon  his  volatile  mind.  Linus, 
however,  at  length  broke  silence  in  tlie  fbllow- 
ing  extraordinary  manner  : — 

"  Well,  loudens,"  said  he,  **  I  cannot  disguise 
my  feelings,  and  therefore  I  must  tcU  you  ttir 
plain  truth. — I  heartily  wish  that  you  were  at 
the  bottom  of  tlie  aea,  where  I  thought  you 
hud  been !" 

"  At   Uie   bottom   of   the    sea  ! "   repeat 
Pudens,    with    astonishment : — "  Why,    whu 
htrm  have  I  done  you,  Linus?" 

'*  You  have  dwie  toc  more  harm,"  rejoined 


TIIK    ROUANft  IN    BRITAI*f. 


223 


^ 
^ 


linus,  "  thsD  any  other  individual  ever  did ; 
that  is  to  say,  you  have  caused  mc  more 
uinoyance  and  jwrplexity." 

*'  How  so  ?"'  inquired  Pudens,  wondering : 
"  Why,  I  thouj;ht  that  we  hud  parted  cxecUeiit 
friends  ?" 

"So  we  did,"  anan-ered  Linus;  "and  we 
ahould  be  cxcollcnt  friends  sull,  if  you  had 
gone  to  tlic  bottom  of  the  sea;  as  I  teU  you,  I 
thought  you  had.  Who  could  ever  have  ex- 
pected you  to  have  escaped  from  that  storm  ? 
You  lixd  nu  bufinesA  to  escape,  it  was  contrary 
to  the  course  of  nature.  1  rvpc&t  it — you 
oujflU  to  have  goite  to  the  bottom  of  tlic  sw ; 
and  if  1  had  known  Uiat  you  were  detcnuincd 
not  to  go,  1  would  have  gone  myself,  ratlier 
than  have  seen  you  again  in  Rome!" 

Pudens  was,  for  some  moment!,  speechlMS 
with  surprise  at  this  extraordinary  and  myt- 
tertous  salutation.     At  last  he  exclaimed  :— 

"  In  tlic  name  of  all  the  Gods,  Linus^  lel] 
me  wh«t  1  have  done  ;  far  it  sccma  that  you 
•re  Diad,  or  that  I  must  be  i" 

"  You  have  done  nothing,"  replied  Linus ; 
"but  /  have  done  a  great  deal.  It  was  but 
yesterday  tliat  1  6nial)cd  the  public  reading  of 
■  book  iff  oomnientarics,  respe<:ttng  my  adren* 


224 


rroxBiieNOB;  ok. 


turcs  in  Britain,  whidi  1  have  been  employing 
my  nights  upon  ever  since  1  orrit-ed  in  Rome, 
and  in  n-hicit,  tliinktng  thnt  you  were  drowned, 
and  that  I  should  not  \*e  depriving  you  of  the 
fame  of  your  actions,  I  linrc  taken  the  credit  of 
a  few  of  the  most  niarveltoua  for  myself! 
Yes,"  he  continued,  "  old  Neptune  pin  me  to 
a  rock  .witli  hi.t  trident,  as  I  thought  he  hid 
served  you,  if  1  have  not  put  myself  in  your 
place,  filling  a  whole  chapter  with  an  account 
how  I  was  half-pan-hed  on  a  Druid's  fire, 
and  another  how  I  was  three  parts  sniotheml 
in  a  eromlech.  Now  I  would  ask  you  scriouily, 
nn  anything  under  the  sun  be  more  provoking 
tlian  that  you  should  be  alive  after  tH 
this>" 

Thia  question  was  proposed  with  such  comic 
grarity,  and  real  cnmcstncss,  that  the  eflect 
was  irresistibly  ludicrous  ;  and  it  was  some 
time  before  Pudcnx  sufficiently  recovered 
from  the  violent  laughter  which  it  excited,  to 
soothe  Liiius's  apprehensions,  by  good-natur- 
edly assuring  him,  tliut  he  would  be  as  silent 
respecting  his  adventures  in  Britain,  u  though 
he  were  at  the  bottom  of  the  sea. 

Linus  being  tbus  relieved  from  his  anxiety 
respecting   the  consequences  of  an   eipomra, 


TUB    ROMAfJt    IN    BRITAIN. 


2i?5 


veloomed  Pudens  with  sincere  pleasure,  tellinf; 
him  that  nothing  ever  aflfected  him  more  pain- 
fully than  losing  him. 

"Unless,"  interrupted  Pudens,  "it  were 
finding  me  again  1" 

**Nay,''  rejoined  Linus,  with  characteristic 
naSixt^,  *<  I  do  nut  think  I  could  have  got  over 
tnjr  sorrow,  if  I  had  not  tliought  of  turning 
the  matter  to  acctiunt." 

Pudens,  knowing  the  whimsical  diaracter  of 
hts  friend,  laughed  heartily ;  and  told  him,  that 
be  might  rely  on  liiw  silence,  or  on  any  otiier 
service  which  he  could  render  him— except, 
goini;  to  the  boUofn  of  the  MB  1 

Linus  again  shook  Pudcns'a  hand,  and  re- 
lated his  protestations  of  pleasure,  adding  an 
irancc   that  tic   would    bum  hU  commen- 
taries. 

'  Nay,"  ssid  Pudens,  with  as'sumed  serious- 
ness; "you  need  not  do  thati  for,  if  you  du 
not  thiiik  it  prudent  to  publish  tliero  new,  you 
imy  do  so  st  some  Jiiture  tame,  if  any 
misfortune  should  ha))|»eii  to  me." 

"True,"  said  Linua,  thoughtfully;  "1  did 
oot  tliink  of  timt.  But  it  certainly  does  de- 
serve cun.tidenliun ;  for  it  is  very  hard  tu  lose 
one's  labour,  and  one's  laurels  too, even  though 


S26 


eroNEHENOE ;  or, 


some    of  the  leaves   have  been   filclied  from 
another  man's  wreath.'' 

Pudens's  knowledge  of  Lin  as '3  ordinary 
volatility  and  inconsiderateness  did  not  pre- 
vent his  laughing  at  the  coolness,  with  which 
Linus  seemed  to  contemplate  such  r  catas- 
trophe; and  he  somewhat  discomposed  him 
with  his  gibes  upon  it;  but  the  latter  soon 
recovered  his  wonted  buoyancy;  and  it  being 
now  between  eleven  and  twelve  o'clock,  which 
was  the  hour  of  the  siesta  during  which  all 
business  was  suspended,  they  both  turned  into 
Linus's  house,  which  waa  near  at  band,  to 
enjoy  their  repose  from  the  heat  of  the 
midday  sun. 


TIIK    H0UAX8    IN  BRITAIN. 


237 


I 


CIlAPrEtt  XV. 

Num  Ibarmla  Itcrun  cuncllii  lUron^uRtaratur. 

«*nT.  ■,■■.  M-  sp.  14, 

He  Uvs4,  and  lavti  'giia,  hia  liuib*  UDMtl'd. 
Till  !•  Uc  fomlag  biUlu  iticy  a«*m'A  patMN. 

Ii-  tuts  bwi)  my  objvct  lo  mikc  the  reader 
familiar  wiUi  Uic  haunts  of  the  idlers  at  llome 
at  the  pcriud  to  which  tbia  narrative  refers, 
and  1  hav<^  thcrcfuro  followed  I'udcns  in  his 
nwming  round,  until  the  sicsU  terminated  Ai« 
labours  as  well  as  our  own.  After  the  siesta, 
be  proceeded  with  Linus  to  the  Etruscan 
baths,  as  those  were  called  which  luul  been 
erected  by  tlie  steward  of  t]ic  Emperor  Clau- 
dius :  and  hither  I  must  crave  leave  to  acconi- 
pan)'  him ;  for  alliiough  I  do  not  wisli  tn 
enter  the  field  of  competition  with  the  numc- 
iTous  authors  who  havo  assayed  their  powers 
of  (lescnption  upon  tliese  most  superb  institu- 
tions, yet  a  work  professing   to   treat  of  tlie 


228 


KTONF.riRNOB  ;    OB, 


inannerR  of  the  Romxns,  hoi\'ever  sapcr6cUIlj, 
VMuM  be  incomplete  witliout  some  alluaioa  to 
the  exercise  of  bathing,  which  formed  one  of 
their  principal  amusements,  and  which,  wlm 
not  uhuxet),  was  as  healthful  and  dcUgliifnl  u 
it  was  fashionable.* 

Tlie  Etruscan  haths  stood  in  the  midst  d 
an  extensive  garden,  at  the  cnlnincc  of  wliich, 
half  concealed  by  the  plaiic-trec  walks,  stood 
a  marble  temple  to  Csculapius.  The  piindpl 
building;  was  surrounded  by  a  porticOt  m^ 
ported  by  sis  hundred  Corintliian  columns  irf 
exquisite  proportions.  Here  our  friends  piiil 
a  very  trifling  sum  for  admittance,  and  pro- 
ceeded to  a  grand  circular  vestibule,  the  dome 
of  which  was  of  gilt  copper,  and  the  Uttm 
of  the  windows  of  brass.  These  wtndoM 
were  »i>  arranged  as  to  admit  the  sun  at  all 
•easun.i  in  fine  weather,  and  benoe  the  vab- 
bulc  was  called  the  solar  cell.  In  the  centff 
of  this  solar  cell  was  a  spacious  area,  forexo- 
risc  in  inclement  wcat}»cr ;  and  on  c«cb  wfa 
were  fuur  linlls,  for  steam,  warm,  tepid, 
cold  baths. 

■  Among    (noajr  leirnrd   booka  nn   th>(  rah^l.  I  do  m4 
knov  onr  from  wliich  llw  niiilrr  naf  fft  to  ibkIi  infoi 
lioa.  wiih  Kt  liiilv  Uhoiir  *n<J  nil*  o(  liine,u  froa 
peii,"  cbup.  ri  I. 


I 


TlIK    ROMANS    IS    nRlTAIN.  229 

Pudftns  Knd  Linus  undressed  in  an  npart- 
tncnt  for  that  purpose,  called  the  apodt/terium, 
whidi  commtintcated  wild  the  circular  hall  by 

iMns  of  a  corridor,  in  whicli  wctx:  hung  six 
hundred  silver  lamp*.  Here  they  left  tlicir 
gnrnients  in  llie  custody  of  n  rapmrlui,  whom 
they  hired  for  the  occasion  ;  and  then  paitsed 
on  to  the  el/eot/te.*ium,  or  oil-roorn.  The 
thesium  resembled  a  modern  chemist's 
ip,  the  walls  being  covered  with  beautiful 
rphials,  vases  and  boxes,  containing  the  most 
precious  ointments  anil  oils.  Having  anointed 
themselves  with  a  course  kind  of  oil,  they 
proceeded  to  the  tpJuerwtn-ium,  which  was  a 
large  ant)  elegnut  apartment,  suited  for  all 
kinds  of  exercise,  and  particularly  used  for 
that  of  the  tennis-ball.  Here,  to  their  great 
surprise,  they  beheld  the  Master  of  the  World 
playing  at  ball  with  a  number  of  boys,  only 
distinguished  from  his  companions  by  hi*  bald 
pate  and  scarlet  tunic,  and  by  his  attendants, 
among  whom  were  two  eunuchs,  one  of  whom 
held  a  silver  bason,  while  another  counted  the 
balls  which  the  Emperor  allowed  to  fall  to 
the  ground.  A  third  servant  stood  by  his 
side,  with  a  bag  full  of  balls,  to  furnish  him 


witli  a  fresh  supply,  u*hen«Tcr  contact  with  the 
ninrble  pavement  bad  rendered  a  ball  unfit  tor 
irniKtrial  scrviw.  Wben  the  Enpcror  had 
cwnctnded  his  game,  he  snapped  his  fingcn, 
and  was  aujiplied  with  water,  iii  which  he 
dipped  the  ti[>s  of  bis  fingeni  aiid  wiped  thes 
in  the  slave's  hair.  He  tlien  threw  aromul 
him  a  purple  clnak,  and  tf>ok  hi-t  seat  in  a 
litter  heme  by  hix  (tdl  servants,  and  preceded 
by  four  others;  while  a  favourite  slave  of  fabi 
remarkable  alike  for  tlie  obliquity  of  bis  ejti 
and  temper,  vras  carried  in  a  sedan  by  hu  sidt, 
and  played  to  him  on  the  flageolet  by  tbt 
way. 

IMdens  and  LJnus  remained  in  the  spbgei» 
teriurn,  availing  the  summons  of  a  IwU,  whicfa 
ordinarily  atinotineed  tliat  tticl>albs  werereody. 
On  Uie  rin^iig  of  this  bell  they  hastened  to 
tlie  ealdarium,  or  vapour  bath.  This  was  an 
iminenNe  ruum,  divided  into  threo  compart- 
menta,  at  one  extremity  of  which  was  the 
laevtticum  or  sweating- nxini,  which  wits  heated 
by  hot  water  ctinv^-yed  tlirough  silver  pipee ; 
in  the  centre  was  n  marldc  hasin,  called  a 
tabrumt  and  at  the  other  extremity  was  tlif 
tavacruM,  or  hot  luttli.    'Hie  heat  of  the  iac^ 


THB    nOMANB    IN    ORtTAIN. 


S31 


I 


VBi  rORulatcd  by  a  bronze  shield,  vbich 
be  drawn  more  or  less  over  an  aperture 

the  ceiling. 

Pudcfis  nnd  Linai  peifornicd  their  ahluttoni 
in  tUo  Uvarrum,  and  tlicir  svnatits  scni])ed 
tbnr  limbi  with  n  atrigil,  und  poured  vnwn  of 
water  ox-er  tlicm ;  they  next  rubbnl  tJiem  dry 
with  a  Cotton  cloUi^  and  tlireir  orer  them  ■ 
light  woolly  mAntle,  oiled  n  ffaiuapr. 

Young  slaves  then  brought  tliem  the  muit 
prccioUH  oils  nnd  perfumes,  in  elegant  vu«a  of 
terra  cutu  and  ala>NDt«r.  Nor  tran  the  agipli- 
eation  of  these  unguents  an  unimportant  or 
indlscriminating  operation;  on  the  contrary, 
vuious  oils  were  used  for  different  purposes. 
Scrpyllinum,  or  wild  thj-me,  was  rubbed  on 
their  hair  and  eyebrows,  to  give  them  luxu- 
riance; the  oil  of  wBtermint  was  applied  to 
their  arms,  to  render  them  lubricotts ;  and  the 
costly  oil  of  cinnamon  was  used  to  strengtltcn 
the  muscles  of  their  body.  After  these  oils 
had  been  effcctoally  rubbed  in,  they  were  com- 
pletely anointed  from  Itcad  to  foot  with  a 
liquid  perfume  of  roses,  cidled  rhodinum  ;  hav- 
ing sustained  this  "  extreme  unction,"  Itiey 
naamed  tlicir  clothes  und  repaired  to  tlie  tejn- 
itarimn. 


stonrhknob;  or. 


The  lupidarium  via  a  w&rm  clismber,  of  * 
mild  temperature,  calculated  to  moderate  (bt 
traniution  from  the  hot  to  the  cold  bath.  The 
grcAtvst  magnificence  prevailed  in  this  nput- 
meiiU  The  walls  were  richly  carredt  and  tbe 
vaulted  c«^lin<r  appeared  to  be  supported  b; 
Tetnmonea,  or  statues,  between  each  pair  «f 
which  u-as  u  tiiohe  contiuning  some  exqiu«t8 
piece  of  sculpture.  Massive  seats  of  ntrer 
were  placed  about  in  the  most  conTcnienl 
sitnations,  and  a  kind  of  stove,  of  tbe  same 
precious  metal,  tastefully  carvod,  stood  in  the 
centre. 

Tlie  next  stage  in  their  progress  was  the 
frigidarium,  or  cold  water  bath.  This  Utter 
apiirtmetit  was  of  s  circular  shape,  corered 
will)  n  ru[K)la,  in  the  centre  of  which  waii 
glaits  window.  The  plinths  and  oornioes  wen 
exquisitely  seulptured,  with  symbolical  repre- 
sentations of  dolphins,  sea  horses,  etc.  and 
niches  were  <lisposed  at  equal  distances  in  the 
wall,  in  which  were  marble  seats,  called  scholfc 
for  the  bathers  or  spectators.  In  the  miiUllc 
nf  this  npartincnt  was  an  alveua,  or  bsnn, 
foriuc<i  of  Kpotleits  white  marble,  the  dosceni 
into  which  was  by  three  marble  steps  t  >t 
tlte  bottom  of  tliis  there  was  a  kind  of  lusrfale 


THE    BOUAN8    IN    BRITAIN. 


233 


I 


cuxhion,  called  «  pulvinus,  serrini;  lui  a  sent  for 
I'tlie  batlimi.  The  water  which  supplied  this 
buin  Memcd  to  flow  from  Uio  elegant  cone  of 
a  triton,  be«uliruUy  sculjitured  in  Parian 
marble. 

Pndens  and  Liniix,  having  pcHbrmed  their 
'  «bluCiona,  returned  tu  lltecirculor  vestibule;  and 
leaving  the  batlix  un  tltcir  right,  they  proceeded 
to  a  large  hall,  in  which  were  no  less  tlian  two 
hundred  nuiri>Ie  Kabt  for  the  use  of  the  bathers. 
On  each  aide  of  thia  hall  were  ma^ificent 
libraries  crvwded  witli  persotiit  aa  idle  as  them- 

» selves,  and  as  much  in  want  of  amusement ; 
these  they  left  to  their  own  resources  and 
strolled  into  the  odcwH  or  music-ludl. 
Having  listened  awhile  to  the  performance 
of  a  Gredsn  minstrel,  thef  wandered  hence 
through  two  or  three  cMtUtt,  or  halls  where 
pbiloaophcrs  and  rhetoricians  were  teaching  and 
ttcclaimin;^,  until  they  came  to  one  where  the 
|x>ets  were  wont  to  recite  their  verses,  and 
where  tliey  saw  a  group  vf  people  standing 
ruuixi  auroe  favourite  of  the  muaes,  whom  they 
inimediatoly  rccwgniaed  as  their  friend  Mar- 
tiall 

Martial  was  reciting  an  epigram  containing 


»4 


STONKHENOe;   OR> 


ft  my  lively  tlescription  (>r  the  Etnucao ' 
of  wtiich  the  foUovring  is  a  translation  ;- 


ON  TUB  ETTtUSCAN  BATHS. 
TO  opri4n. 

l'nl«n  EirnKiin  Biihi  nijr  Of>pwn  Uiv, 

UdhbiIi'J  bo  toutl  ikatrnil  iota  Ilk  graft ; 

Not  Aponn'*  warm  •priOBSiAgcal*'  waaii 

Nor  tbr  »oft  SiDa«Ms**bMllDttMrMnit 

Nol  A»iHr'»  I'foud,  nor  Pa>ipt*i  fi-rriil  v«*«>. 

Nor  Uic  bot  wrll  irb««  Phiabni*  ptlalesa  rtna. 

Nor  ihc  (Mlglitful  batb*  u«  Hau**  oom^ 

WaUn  10  liiD|>iil,  or  lo  pure  can  boiuL 

Tho  apfiikliog  vairea  rOmC  tliv  riitn|(  •lui. 

And  bold  blia  rmfurc  till  ku  r«r«  u  run. 

In  briglii  luouio  round  iti*  tryiul  foiiota 

GrtcD  luarblc  rrom  TajBCU'*  rotkjr  mouat. 

And  Phtygia')!  purple,  Lrbiii'i  ydlov  g«iM, 

Oliilcr  Ilk*  jrwHtin  Curtorn  dtnilrnit ; 

Vthi\t  uphiCri  tbiu  Ilk*  MvpcnU  *d»IU  yow  btf. 

And  oajt  willa  reflect  ttiF  tamniar  bc»t. 

If  ]ioa  prrfir  bot  vapour  lo  a  (ircain, 

I've  rirort*  h«re  jmu  And  dfatolivd  la  aUMiai. 

'I'he  wBitr*  ahiuv  ta  IndJ  and  n  cImt, 

Tliat  water  jpou  *ill  icart*  brlipro  it  bnv  ( 

AfidvLiiB  L^rgdoniaii  paremenuaeeD  belaw. 

Make  it  appear  an  tiupi*  pit  of  anov. 

IImi],  ihfri,  my  Oppiao^^DbM  facrc  joa  lat« 

UnwH^t'd  jrou  n.uald(K«Dd  fatlOTOttr  pa*c. 

■  The  two  tJTcr*  rafemd  lo  art  Ibe  alr««iD  aUei  Xitpt 
t'linducied  into  the  cit<r  by  A^irippa,  and  Ifce  atfcam  olW 
Mnrcin,  aflct  Antat  Mnrrui,  wbo  bad  coadaeiid  ii  IM 
Nouic  ^  ibeiT  [wc>>(n-bnii  auiipllcd  iko  Etnii«sa  balfea. 

tMart  Lib.  vi,Eplg.43. 


TUK    ROUAN))    IM    nitCrAtX. 


255 


k: 


t::' 


From    Ihc  lintliK,   Pudcns  and  MarUal  ad* 

amcd  to  Linus's  nbodu  to  dine,  where  tliey 
"would  tinvc  spent  n  very  merry  evening,  l>ut  for 
sn  unfortunate  request  which  Martial  made  to 
Pudcns,  to  rcUtc  his  adventures  in  Britain ; 
whtd),  of  coursfi,  placed  Linus  in  a  very  awk- 
ward dUemma.  Pudens,  liowever,  good- 
humuuredly  spared  his  friend  as  much  sh  pos- 
sible, and  denied  himself  that  gratification  and 
Mat  whtcli  always  attend  those  who  hare  ex- 
perienced tlic  vicissitudes  of  fortune;  which 
■elf-denial  on    the  part  of   Pudens,  we  would 

mark,  appears  tu  us  the  greatest  piece  of 
heroism  that  we  have  related  in  the  whole 
course  of  this  narrative. 

Pudcns  was  an  attentive  ubsvrvcr  of  nature 
and  manners,  and,  therefore,  his  relation  could 
ot  be  uninteresting  ;  hut  it  was  nut  culivcned 
with  any  thing  like  personal  exploits,  and,  con- 
sequently, was  nut  of  so  exciting  a  nature  as 
had  been  expected. 

When  it  was  concluded,  Alartial  observed  to 
Pudcns,  that  he  had  not  hod  tlie  good  or  ill 
fortune  to  meet  with  su  many  adventures 
Linus  :  then,  addressing  himself  to  the 
latter,  he  rcqaested  him  to  recapitulate  some 


btonkiibngb;  ok, 

of  hi«  itiiM:<lotes  1  Poor  Linus  wu 
pcrpk-xed  at  this  rc4)ac9t,  but  excused  biflMtlf 
upon  the  ground  tiiat  he  hod  alrcMly  ofteo  le- 
bteil  them  to  Pudcni:  and  that  as  Martial  In 
was  familiar  witl)  thL-m,  time  might  be  speotii 
B  more  amusing  manner,  particularly  if  Mariitl 
would  faTour  the  company  with  on«  of  liii 
epigrams. 

Martial  seemed  to  acquiesce  in  the  proprittf 
of  this  suggestion  ;  but  requested  that  Ljboi 
would,  ncvcrthelena,  relate  une  liiirounK 
advcnttire  of  liis;  Uint,"  he  continued,  addren- 
ing  Linust  "when  you  overturned  the  rocldag- 
■tone,  and  killed  the  Arclt-Druid  and  his  ihiw 
Ovates  i  or  that  of  the  Druidical  Fire,  when 
twelve  living  men  were  thrown  into  tb 
Bames!" 

Pudons  could  hardly  keep  his  gravity  when  be 
heard  how  his  own  adventures  had  been  migin> 
ficd,  as  well  as  ntisappropriated,  and  that  iIm 
Ringle  Orate  had  been  quadrupled,  and  tW 
corpse  of  the  Roman  officer  metamorphonl 
into  twelve  living  men  !  He,  howc^-er,  iiaSj 
said  that  he  would  prefer  hearing  nn  ojngiMi 
of  Martial's  ;  as  he  had  often  had  occasioa  to 
congratulate  Linus  on  bis  fortunate  escapes. 


TBB    BOIfANI    IN    BBITAIN.  23? 

"  Please  the  Gods  I  escape  now,"  sud 
LJnua  to  himself,  "  you  may  congratuUte 
me." 

The  epigram  which  Martial  happened  to 
select  was  the  following,  which,  from  its  pecu- 
Uar  adaptation  to  present  circumstances,  seemed 
•a  though  it  had  been  handed  to  him  by  Puck 
himself,  for  the  annoyance  of  lanus : 

TO   A   rLAOIAIKT. 

RniMMr  iDfoniis  me  «b*Uoc>r  I  writ*, 
YoD,  u  yonr  own,  to  liitcDing  cniirdi  recite; 
Uj  book  fou're  welrome  to,  but  own  it  miaa, 
Orporcbue  it,  nt  lent,  to  make  it  thine* 

llie  reading  of  this  little  scrap  had  such  an 
effect  on  Linus,  that  as  soon  as  his  company 
had  left,  he  destroyed  all  his  MSS.  commen- 
taries, and,  to  the  day  of  his  death,  never 
usurped  the  honours  or  celebrity  of  any  other 
person. 

Happy  had  it  been  for  the  memory  of  Mar- 
tial, had  all  his  epigrams  been  as  unexception- 
able as  thb,  and  the  others  which  I  have  in- 
troduced; unfortunately,  the  tame  and  the 
trifling,  the  debauched  and  the  disgusting, 
which  he  distinguishes  as  his  '  ntigag  el  car- 

•MiTUUb.  i.Epig.SO. 


tITONKIIBNOB;    OK, 


jiiina  loMciva,'  bear  »o  Urge  «  proportion,  that 
it  u  surprising  that  so  many  (lave  surrind 
the  wreck  of  mucli  nobler  literature.  TW 
licentious  taste  of  ttio  ago,  and  the  neceaaibici 
oircumstnnccs  of  the  author,  are  perhaps  tlw 
best  palliations  of  his  conduct ;  but  it  Bon»- 
what  mitijtates  our  s«rcricy  when  we  reflect,  tht 
even  a  life  of  scnrilc  sycophancy  had  not  m 
wholly  enslaved  his  mind,  nor  a  constant  liunB- 
liarity  with  vice  so  corrupted  his  heart,  bat 
that  he  too  could  mourn  his  mbspent  time, 
and  sigh  for  more  innocent  enjoyments,  osap- 
peam  from  the  following  epigram  addreued  M 
a  comjmnion  of  his  dissipations,  and  recited  in 
the  course  of  the  evening: — 


Ohi  if  'tvcre  ptvcn  ta  mc,  my  frWn<l> 

My  dajr*  tecute  wiih  Uioc  U)  *f<ad. 

And  ao  my  lei*ui«  l«  fnplojr 

Ai  life'i  Irue  plraonni  la  ivjofj — 

We'd  thun  ibe  lercn  of  llhc  itrMt, 

Nor  mill  tlirir  lisiiRhlr  lUIsM  vait ; 

nVd  \etve  Ibe  rnrunii,  conrti,  umI  bklU, 

Anil  quiliblinir  luiu,  (nil  fKiinui  brawlt. 

Tlmic  all  (ortskiiiir,  wo  vniiM  bkll 

Till'  miiruinit  riilr,  tli#  book.  At  tale. 

Ah,  then  Ibc  irilks  trlicrf  ma  ne'er  uatht^ 

Tlic  Virgio  Mrpkini  lh(  public  hmtlia. 

The  fifld  of  M>n,  (he  colnflnnilc. 

Should  be  our  hnuou,  our  laboun  ipadt. 


THK    BOMANB    IN    BBITAIN. 


239 


Now,  Dtither  for  himielf,  alu, 
Lim,  thougih  our  diyi  lo  quicUf  pui : 
We  feel  them  periih,  and  we  know 
That  tbejr  vill  all  be  reckoned,  too(M). 
Oh,  «bo  can  thu(  )ife'>  pleuarei  tuw. 
And  be  MOleat  hii  life  to  wute  ?* 


•M4rtLib.  *.Epif.21. 


^^^^HHHB 

240 

8T0KBUENOE;    OR, 

CHAPTER  XVI. 

Je  me  laii  coucliJ  ■onrEtit  1c  luir  au  hrnit  dr  la  belle  mt    " 

de   Nnplen,     >oiiii    let   miueiuit  jipcdtini  di:« 

Ti^Dl'k*  AUpT^         1 

iJu  li'iu 

uii  Virgil?  H  voulu  que  rcposAt  in  cendtt 

parte  <)ai 

c'ttuil 

c  pIuE  besu  el  le  plus  doux    liU  oil 

US 

niganl*  u 

futiCDt 

rupotfa. 

LltMAKTINE,    VUVAGR 

EN 

ORIENT. 

Soon  after  after  tlie  events  which  ve  have 
related,  Nero  took  up  his  residenceat  Napln, 
for  a  short  time ;  and  Lucan  availed  himself  of 
the  opportunity  to  remove  his  family  to  Rome; 
so  that  Pudens  spent  a  considerable  portioii  <^ 
his  time  with  them :  and,  as  might  have  becD 
expected,  the  favourable  impression,  which  Ute 
lovely  Claudia  had  made  upon  her  re-introduc- 
tion was  increased  at  each  interview. 

The  time  for  Pudens's  return  to  Britain,  bad 
now  nearly  arrived,  when  be  found  himsdf 
included  in  an  invitation  which  Lucan  had 
received,  to  spend  a  few  days  with  the  poet 


k 


TUB    ROMAN'S    IN    SRITAIK. 


2-11 


» 


iilius  Italicus,  at  Km  delightful  vUJa  at  XapleK, 
E'Whitlier  I'olb  and  Claudia  were  to  accompuiy 
tbem. 

11)c  journejr  of  this  little  party  from  Ro&k 
'  to  Niiplcs  was  remarkable  fur  an  inddeiit 
which  owuTTcd  at  a  place  called  Treti  Taberiue, 
or  the  Three  Tarems,  about  thirty  miles  from 
Roiuc.  Ax  they  were  halting  here,  Iwu  parties 
•rrived  from  opposite  directions :  the  first 
ms  Nero,  who  was  rctuminf;  lo  Rome,  with 
his  usual  travelling  equipage,  consisting  of  one 
thousand  hnu^gage  waggons,  the  drivers  clad  in 
scarlet,  and  the  mules  shod  with  silrer,  and  a 
targe  troop  of  African  slaves,  adorned  with 
rich  bracelets  on  their  aims,  and  mounted  on 
horses  most  sumptuously  cnparisoned :  the 
^^ther  party  was  a  group  of  tlic  new  sect  of 
^■Christians,  escorting  their  beloved  apostle, 
^Bt.  Paul,  who  had  lately  arrived  in  Italy,  *  after 
liis  exca{>c  from  the  perilous  shipwreck  off 
Molita;  which  shipwreck,  by  a  singular  coin- 
cidenoe,  happened  to  be  caused  by  the 
very  storm  in  whieli  Pudens  had  so  nearly 
perished  It 

Chriitianity  was  not,  as  yet,  the  object  of 
•  AcU,  c  SKTiiiq  V.  I&.       t  AetSi  tnii  and  ttU  ctuflH'. 

VOL.    II.  U 


•TOKBHENOB;   OK, 

penecution  in  llome ;  bat  its  adherents  visv 
viewed,  and  in  some  inttanccs  n-clcumcd,  raUicr 
as  ■  sect  of  philosophers  come  to  protnolgstt 
wme  new  ethical  Kystctn,  thsn  ks  the  enemies 
of  the  tiationtd  religion.  St.  Paul  iras,  indeed, 
*  priwniT,  and  va»  in  tlie  custody  of  a  ca>- 
tiuion;  bat  notliing,  suvc  his  determiuatioo  t* 
appeal  to  Cnixar  detuned  him  now  ia  bontb', 
his  prescience  in  tlic  btu  sturm,  and  tiii 
miraculous  escape  from  the  riper 'a  hite  it 
Melita  luid  cauxed  him  to  be  regarded  as  a 
person  of  supernatural  cndowmcnbi,  even  W 
Uie  otiiccr  in  whoac  charge  he  was  placed 
Curi<»sity  hod  cooacqucntly  gatlicrcd  a  ciovd 
aroand  him,  amongst  whom,  though  unieoo^ 
nised  hy  Lucan's  party,  was  the  poet  Slattus, 
who  was  on  hi.t  n-ay  to  Naples,  having  ben 
invited  thither  by  Sihus. 

Lucan's  party  alighted,  and  uncovered  thw 
heads,  u  lien  theimperial  equipage  approached;  * 
and  the  Emperor  condeticcnded  to  stop  koi 
litter,  and  converse  with  tl>em.  Lucan,  ancioui 
to  avoid  being  under  tlie  nccc&sity  of  introdw- 
ing  Claudia  to  tlic  Ecnperur,  stepped  (onnri 
in  advance  of  his  party ;  but,  by  so  doinj,  be 
•  Sctue^  EfilH.  «.•.». 


I 


TIIX    ROHANB    ly    BRITAIX.  343 

h«r  to  tin:  view  of  •  alill  nler  libertio^ 
pouibte,  tltun  the  Eiti[)«ror  himself,  nameljr, 
bit  &vounte  Tigdiintu,  who  displayed  «»• 
wonted  courtesy  in  paying  his  respects  to 
PuLU  and  Claudia,  witti  whom  lie  talked  antil 
'  the  parties  resumed  their  opposite  oouracs, 
I  which  they  did,  after  a  vcn-  brief  delay.  Short 
u  tltis  interview  was,  it  was  long  cnotigh  to 
I  awaken  fedings,  which  produced  oonsequenoes 
^of  tlie  utmost  icnport  to  the  lives  and  for< 
^Hwies  of  those  affected  by  it ;  who,  it  will 
^Bk  >eea,  were  not  merely  thotte  who  wen 
~  present. 

Siliua  ItnUcus,  the  host  on  tlie  present  oc- 
euion,  was  a  nan  of  wealtii,  taste,  and  litera- 
ture. He  was,  indeed,  rather  distinguished  for 
his  &]i[)rcciation  of  the  morv  celebrated  authors, 
^^[isn  for  his  rivalry  of  them  ;  and  his  poems, 
^Brhich  are  extant  at  the  prrscnt  day,  display 
HbucIi  R)or«  critical  accuracy  than  genius.  His 
P^&Touritc  autltor  was  Virj;il ;  and,  so  great  was 
bis  reneration  for  the  Muntuan  bard,  tiist  he 
became  bis  servile  imitator,  and  acqmred  for 
^^kimsclf  ttic  cognomen  of  Vtrgil's  ape. 
^M  The  occasion  of  this  pany  was.  the  anni- 
^keraary   of    Virgil's    birthday,    which    Sihus 

wk «2 


344 


btokkiiknob;  ok. 


celebrated  with  much  more  Mot  than  he 
did  his  otrn : '  ox'cry  object  which  met  Uie 
eve  bore  nitness  to  his  enthastaatio  attaobrntnt 
to  tliat  divinti  poet,  and  voa  cnlcalKtcd  to 
Awaltcn  assodations  connected  witL  his  tor- 
moTf.  His  library  n-a§  sdumcd  with  s  boob- 
ful  marble  bust  of  Vir^l,  and  a  valuable  MS- 
copy  of  his  writings,  elegantly  cased  in  pnrplr, 
with  a  scarlet  label  at  each  end  of  the  roller  H 
the  scroll,  and  scented  with  the  oil  of  cedar,  t 
The  walls  of  the  triclinium  were  pictured  with 
scenes  taken  from  the  .Encsd,  principally  con- 
nected with  the  lore  of  Dido  and  the  fate  d 
CiLTthnge.  1*l)e  storm  which  dispersed  tfe  j 
hunting  (Mtrty,  and  drove  Dido  and  .-Eneas  b 
the  cnve  for  shelter,  was  riridly  pourtrand; 
but  the  artist  had  forgotten  to  represent  wlat 
the  poet  has  described  as  sculptured  oo  ^^ 
shield,  namely,  the  clamour  of  tlie  tiuntnt. 
and  the  barking  of  the  doga !{ 

•Plla.  Epbt.,  lib.  111.,  ».— MntUB  nfclqiM  litfWWi, 
miiltum  lUtiuruiD,  multnin  iflin^tiiiiin,  qua  noa  feaMM 
itiiHln.  wriiiii  etlnin  icnerobatar.  VlrKilii  ante  ooiMii  c^B 
Diulrm  rcli^iotim, 'iiixm  tiium,  «rlH>nb<it ;  Nr4p«|l  atuWk 
ubi  mo  mi  ID  CD  turn  rjut  ailirv,  at  Ivniplaa,  •ttlelxit.  ht. 

f  Mnrl.,  Kpi(c.,  Ilfc.  III.  tf.  2 

X  SiUu*  lulicui,  ia  dctcribing  the  iculftun  of  ■  hntilt 


THB   ROMANS   IN    BRITAIN. 


34S 


On  the  mirM«  t«ueUtcd  Roor  wm  de^dcted, 
in  mosaics,  Vir^l  reading  Uutt  chrf-iTanvre 
of  bumiu)  coiDpoxition,  the  sixth  /Kn«ad,  to 
Atiguatus,  and  a  small  party  of  hia  roost 
favoured  friends  (N).  The  execation  of  tliis 
piece  was  almost  wortliy  of  the  subject,  which 
ms  certainly  the  nto«t  interesting  incident  in 
th«  lilc  of  the  poet,  and  perhaps  in  the  whole 
science  of  literature. 

Tltere  was  tlie  pnnoely  Augustus,  the  muter 
the  worid,  Uatening  with  an  eunocness 

hieh  seemed  to  altsorti  all  tjie  constraint  and 
of  roynlty ; — there  was  Micocnas,  whose 
ntion  seemed  dix-ided  between  ttio  prince 
and  the  poet,  his  countenance  l>ca[oing  with 
sAtixfbctlon  as  he  seemed  tc>  read  in  the  eyes 
of  his  royal  master  a  confirmittiun  of  his  own 
judgment  in  having  selected  tlie  poet  as  one 
worthy  of   royal   patronage.    There  aluo  was 

oraoe>  his  face  glowing  with  that  enthusiastic 


iatolt,— 


•OUBd 


tbitU,   hM   abMrdlf   enoogb,   louodoml 
CiMDor  W  aum. 


LaintatfM  MMaiB(— 

poMiUe     for    the 


rumc.  It..  T.  417. 


846 


nCKBHBBtQB  )    OR, 


pleamre  vhxeb  tbe  Iiindred  gcnias  of  Tii^ 
teemed  to  inspire.  Il&d  a  painter  wiabed  t« 
puurlray  him,  in  tha  act  of  writing  the 
seoond  ode  of  the  fourth  book  of  his  oirn  drriat 
poems, «  be  should  hare  caught  tbe  exprcnin 
of  that  moment! 

Bot  the  moat  tntcrcstin;^  personage  in  Ik 
group,  nest  to  the  modcHt  poet  himself,  vtii 
female  figure  in  deep  mourning — tbe  fuatii^ 
Octavio,  on  whose  ta.T%  tbe  wdl-knon 
HnCi— 

"1^  Mimllui  erit." 

had  just  fallen,  and  startled  her  with  tbe  low*- 
tvdge  that  she  had  unconsciously  been  haaib; 
ao  lung  in  admiring  suspense  over  tbe  imraoitil 
requiem  of  her  ovn  darling  son  ! 

A  person  who  had  itecn  the  anguiih  cf 
affection,  surprise,  and  admiration — nnr,  tkt 
thousand  beautifully  blended  feelings  so  ituaiil- 
■hly  represented  tn  that  countenance,  wodd  UK 
have  thought  the  two  tbouHind  pounds,  vid  ! 
which  the  few  lines  that  bad  produced  tk> 
effect  had  been  rewarded — an  extian^m 
guerdon  for  a  poet,  who  could  use  soch  wilcliBt 
over  the  human  soul  ! 


■  Plodiiniui  quUquM  (tadat  »aiuUri,  Ac 


3 


THE    ROMAN*    IN    BRITAIK. 


247 


Bat  that  whicJi  SUios  prized  as  t)i«  dcarvst 
tnonument  of  hia  master  Vir^l,  vns  his  tomb, 
whidi  he  litertkUy  idolizeil.  It  had  been  Virgil'n 
last  wish  to  be  buried  at  Nuplcs  ;  povtibly  he 
was  iiiditix-d  by  tlic  pocticn}  motive  alleged  by  La 
B  Martiiie,  heeauxe  it  waH  tlie  loveliest  spot  bis 
eyes  liad  ever  rested  upon :  certainly,  tlic 
place  of  his  sepulchre  vrai  just  such  as  a  poet 

t  might  have  desired,  and  luch  ns  must  have 
]>eculiarly  harmonized  with  his  mind  and  dis- 
position. 
The  mountains  which  towered  around  would 
bare  brea  sublime,  but  the  woods  and 
vineyards  which  encircled  them  rendered  them 
beautiful.  Tlie  gloomy  grandeur  of  the  rocks 
was  lighted  up  by  tlie  glittering  cascades  which 
leaped  from  ridge  to  ridge,  lui  tliough  chasing 
each  otlier,  like  the  wild  goota  wliich  gamboUci) 
KDiid  the  predpiL-es  ;  and  the  billovra,  as  they 
majestically  rolled  into  the  curved  shore, 
•eemed  rather  to  lie  seeking  a  place  of  mt 
from  tlie  wild  turmoil  of  tlie  ocean,  than  in- 
v»ding  the  land  in  their  fury. 

In  a  marble  tomb,  built  like  a  temple,  and 
almost  concealed  by  the  dark  foliage  of  the 
grove  of  intermingled  cypress  and  olive  which 


S4B 


RTONBIISNOe;   OR, 


surrounded  it,  vn»  Uic  urn  contaiiuiig 
perishable  rcnvtuns  of  Virgil  I  Over  the  tomb 
WM  the  modest  inseiiption  written  by  the 
poet,    timking   no   mention    wliatcrer   of  hit 

divine  .-Eneikd : — 

C>ilj>)ir!in*  tlkln'd  me,  Mialoi  giT*  mc  btilh, 
Aoit  Ntplea  no  tSUio*  my  luoiildrrinf;  carlk. 
To  (liqihfH'l  lovfB  atj  Imnbling  lyrp  I  itnili|[, 
Tben  roitie  l«r«— I  set  lo  nne  »o4  ■ODg.* 

The  party  iiu-itcd  by  SiUus  was  rather  b" 

mcTouH,  and  embraced  some  of  the  prineiptl 

literary  ch&ractcrs  at  that  time  in  Rome.    B^ 

sides  our  friend  Lucan,  there  ircrc  olso,  as  kai 

bvcn  ri'latcd,   Statins,    whose  idolatry  of  At 

poet  nImoHt  equalled  that  uf  Silius;    a  voud; 

orator  of  the  name  of  Quincti]tan>  who  distia- 

guishcd  himself  by  his  judiciona  criticiami  oa 

t)iu  varidUM  works  of  Virgil,  which  formed  tbe 

■tuple  of  ea»\-ersation  on  that  day;  I^so  whoa 

we  Itave  already  described  ;  the  satirist  Ptf^ 

sius ;  and  \farttal  who  had  introdaoed  himself 

by  the  following  epigram  : 

Slliut  liu  putcbund  Tully't  enmatry  •nl, 
Aod  call!  Ill  uow  rotinil  M*n>'«  tnnib  (o  Mttli 
£'rn  Cicvro  >nij  Viryil  nigbt  despair 

*  HanCaa  nw  gcnoh  i  Cslabri  npocK ;  unci  s«k 
PtrtbvDOpe  I  Mcint  pOMun,  ran,  duec*. 


THS   E0MAN9   IN    BRITAIN. 


349 


tn 


To  flMi  ■  itWT  U(  nor*  HUbI  lirir 

As  MWHM'i  (■!■(«—•  |<Ocl'>  lonib  to  »hare . 

HHIIT,  LIB.  XI.  B»io.  9. 

The  party  iralked  in  a  kind  of  procession  to 
the  tomb,  each  wearing  a  gariand  of  roses, 
Siliiu  preceding  them,  bearing  a  ^blct  uf  rich 
Cliini)  wine  wltercwiUi  to  ninke  a  tiUation,  and 
the  otlicrs  carrj-iDS  flowers  to  be  scattered  over 
lis  tomb. 

Silius  proposed,  as  a  part  of  the  ceremony, 
that  one  of  the  company  should  pronounce  an 
eulogium  on  the  poet,  and  that  they  should  all 
draw  lotA  for  the  person  on  whom  tliis  task 
should  devolve.  'Iliis  proposal  met  general 
aoquiescenco ;  the  lots  were  examined  by 
tie  different  parties  with  great  curiosity,  and 
In  sonte  instances  with  some  httlc  perturbation, 
^^a  it  was  deemed  rather  a  fiirmidabic  undertak- 
ing, even  by  those  who  were  constantly  in  the 
^■ubit  of  declaiming  in  public,  to  address  such 
^a  select  assembly  1 

To  Podena's  concern  the  lot  fell  on  Itim  1 
His  tcm[>urary  enibarrassiucnt  was,  however, 
toon  dissipated  by  tlie  cheers  and  kind  e»> 
cogragcapept  of  his  fnenda,  among  whom, 
distiogtushed   himself.     Having   com- 

u3 


950 


STOMBIIKNOK  ;    OH, 


meiiced  tiis  oration,  bj  modestly  «xpre»lBglni 
regret  tliat  among  ao  manj  poetn,  oraton,  nd 
critics,  so  vduous  n  tnak  iiul  been  uiigMd 
him,  he  added,  kindling  into  enthiuiamn,  md 
ipostropbizing  the  great  subject  of  Hb  eooi^ 
miums,  "  Not>  oh  Virgil  I  that  I  wonld  yield 
in  admiration  of  Ihcc  to  any  present,  bat  Iku 
1  n««d  thine  own  divine  language  to  giv«  uttn^ 
ancc  to  my  Uioughts.  Yes,"  he  nddcd,  cud- 
ing  inspiration  from  thi?  beautiful  scenery  nUA 
surrounded  htm,  and  adopting  the  poet's  on 
vords: — 

Wbal  rwoMipenw  ■■  for  thy  laboun  idmI  t 
T«  ne  ihf  whlipcflng  bne^e  1*  r*r  Icm  tvatl; 
Lm(  nrrtt  ibe  Durnun  of  jroii  vuw-hMl  •bOMi 
Or  «b«n  mid  rocka  ihc  UUlag  waun  roar  I"* 

Then,  glandng  npidly  over  the  priiKi|Ml 
beauties  of  Virgil's  works,  and  touching  li|Uif 
oil  the  want  of  that  dramatic  individuality  if 
ch&racter  which  distinguished  Homer,  be  cm* 
tinued,  with  great  eloquence,  pursuing  tbeooto- 
|>aHson  between  the  poets : — "  If  Homer  be  the 
ea;;le  of  poetry,  Virgil  is  the  swan ;  if  the  t»^'t 
flight  be  more  deiing,  it  is  al«>  wore  unequili 
if  all  too  ardent  and  unabuhed,  it  soai  aloft 

•  Virx-  fiod.  t.  *.  Si. 


TRB    ROUANI    IN     BRITAIN. 


and  glitt«r  in  tlio  sun,  it  is  somctiniGs  hidden 
B  in  the  cloud,  one  moment,  perhaps,  reflecting 
the  light  of  hearen,  and  anon  bcarina;  tJic 
■tains  of  earth.  'Die  svan  is  less  rapid  indeed, 
trat  more  majestic,  ng  gure  upon  its  breast, 
Ktio  suit  upon  its  wing.  If  ilomcr  were  the 
J^lAcr  of  pocta;  Virgil  naa  the  Princr.  If  the 
prcfvoncG  be  given  to  the  genius  of  the  one : 
it  must  be  given,  aUu,  to  the  producttona  of 
the  other.  Viqgil  need  not,  nor  indeed  did  he, 
decline  competition  with  Homer.  Xay,  in  one 
instance,  that  of  the  final  fate  of  Troy,  lie  lia.« 
osught  up  the  canvafis,  and  finished  the  paint- 
ing of  the  great  artist :  nor  is  anything  relating 
to  '  Troy  divine/  painted  in  more  ririd,  more 
affecting  colours,  than  tlie  progreat  of  tlic  fiery 
deluge  which  orerwhelined  it.  Here  t}tefi,"  con- 
tinued Puden«,  "  we  see  these  mighty  geniuaa 
employed  on   the  same  subject ;    and  who,  1 

I  would  ask,  will  impute  any  inequality  to  Vir^l? 
"But,  wherefore,  should  we  always codmvour 
to  institute  a  com|HiriBon  between  these  two 
matchleas  authors.  Need  wc  diiipanige  the  one 
to  appreciate  the  other  7  Let  the  Chian  eagle 
and  the  Mantuao  swan  preserve  their  own,  their 
diflerenl,  their  iucooiparablo  henutie*  ■     Our 


•tonghsncb;  ob. 


business  is  wiUi  Uiu  latter;  and  inatead  of  pur- 
suing U)is  vain  luitl  intermiiwlilc  dispute,  whidi 
a  unfair  to  Virgil  in  rexpoct  of  his  poem  being 
]e(i  unfinished,  let  us  turn  to  some  put  o(  this 
immortal  fragiuent,  which  lins  received  the  lul 
touches  of  the  master's  hand,  and  we  may  tfaeo 
form  some  opinion  of  what  tlic  whol?  would 
have  been.  There  is  a  portion,  indeed,  which 
will  answer  our  purpose,  in  which  the  poet  hoi 
concentrated  all  his  powers:  mnd  ]  think  tlut 
we  shall  agree,  that  not  onljr  all  the  rich  pn>- 
ducts  of  Homer's  genius,  but  nil  the  trcaaurei 
of  liumnn  literature,  shall  be  imnaacked  in  Tii^ 
to  produce  anything  which  will  sustain  a  cotD* 
pnrisMn  with  it. 

"Need  I,"  asked  Pudent,  "  mcntjon  the 
sixth  .'Enead }  Was  ever  strain  heard  so  melo- 
dious, so  unearthly,  OS  this  death  note  of  the 
Msntuan  swnn  ?  Poctrj*,  philosophy,  and  re- 
ligion scorn  here  blrndcd  in  such  a  rivalry  of 
loveliness,  as  once  bles.ied  the  vision  of  Pans, 
when  the  three  goddenea  revealed  thetnselTo 
in  friendly  contention  for  the  palm  of  iMSUty, 
upon  tlic  summit  of  Mount  Ida !  Nor  need  tbe 
reader  of  Virgil  envy  the  young  shepherd ;  fa 
the  poet  has  placed  him  amid  aoenea  hr  raoft 


eubbmr  &n<l  heavenly.  His  wary  mind  is  ab- 
stracted from  tile  petty  caires  of  this  world,  and 
lulled  by  the  harmony  of  numben  into  Uiut 
dreary  kind  of  repose,  which  blends  tlie  most 
blissful  visions  with  the  most  sootliing  alum- 
'i  hen.  Plato's  shadowy  abstractions  are  hrrf 
invested  with  reality;  and  that  thirst  for  im- 
mortality which  he  has  excited,  se«ms  iurt  lialf 
satialied. 


O  lUavrnl;  porl!  lurb  thy  rtne  apptan^ 
So  awtirl,  M  tiurmin;,  to  my  niubcd  can, 
A*  to  thi  nary  iwalit,  >ltb  e»rv»  ii(i|>r«it, 
fl«MUb  Uir  ivItjib  aliadi-,  rafmbing  rtM) 
A*  (o  the  lnteU«r  pmhed  wllh  noontlJo  beat, 
the  €tf tUi  >IU  Mft  piullof  at  bla  (art  !* 

niIVCIl«    *NU  WR«)f«tltM. 


fPudeiis  retired  amid  the  applause  of  all 
present;  his  application  of  Virgil's  own  verse 
being  deemed  peculiarly  felicitous.  But  tlic 
npprohfttion  vf  Siliun  himself  was  best  evinced 
by  his  adoption  of  the  precedent;  and,  with  a 
'  grace  and  an  cntliusiaBm  which  would  have 
warmed  the  coldest  heart,  lie  poured  forth  a 
brimming  goblet  in  liWtion  to  the  manes  of 
t  JMCt,  repeating  at  the  same  tiroc  the  follow- 


•  ntg.  EcL  ».  ».  48. 


in;  Tcrscs,  uken  from  the  very  edogoe  fnm 
nhich  Pudens  hiid  made  his  quotations : — 

Whila  boitn  tbe  liillt,  the  (trcaaia  whBt  fUhc*  lore. 
And  HjW»'ii  tliyniu  lo  l»c»  tliall  Kratrfal  priiv«, 
llrdew  to  Ihe  CicniU'*  Oiinlr  udrj 
80  long  Ihjr  ritci)  tlijr  aunt,  Ibjr  praiM  (lull  lul  I 

Loud  were  the  plaudits,  which  thu  tribulc 
to  the  Mniituaii  bard  elicited ;  bat  toon 
flattering  incense  was  offered  in  tJie  ooune 
of  the  day,  as  attention  was  called,  sucoo- 
sively,  by  one  or  other  of  tbe  party  b 
almost  all  the  most  beautiful  passages  of  lut 
works. 

It  would  ROW  he  trite  to  recapitulate  tlic* 
criticiims ;  but  1  may  perhnpi  he  allowed  U 
nieiitiun  a  singular  circumstance  connedci) 
with  the  literary  ainuseoients  of  this  day. 
Lucan  having  la  the  course  of  convemtioa 
been  asked,  to  which  of  VirgiPs  eclogues  lie 
gave  the  preference,  answered,  that  he  pr^ 
ferrcd  tliv  t'ourth,  and  ciiUiusiastieally  quoted 
the  commencement  of  it : 

Comet  Lha  laii  «fa,  by  Ciima'i  maU  focvtoU ; 
Atretb  ihc  Dii|[ht;r  lins  of  f«in  uaroU'd, 
The  Virgin  oev,  now  Saturn'*  tvAy  rcturai ; 
Now  ihe  blnl  globe  a  IIut'ii  iprang  cfailil  ailoin*. 


TIIK    BOUAN8    IN    BIIITAtN. 


S55 


WhMt  ftoM  poser  thill  vbelm  Mrtli'i  iras  rwt, 
AbiI  |>iBnl  oact  intttt  Uic  golilcn  lii  iU  |>Uc<. 
Illi  *hjill  il  be  ■  llffi  diTinr  14  holil, 
WUh  bvroM  tnin|[lr<I,  mul  mid  ^odi  Enroll'd) 
And  forn'd  by  piirimQaiol  wortb  (or  tny 
Him  (liall  the  Iranqail  usinnr  obey. 

t  W«*K0II4H'«  TUnUTWH. 

"  How  detijjhdul,  how  rdresUiiig  is  it,"  aid 
Lucu),  "  to  turn  away  from  the  ■ceiiet  of 
turmoil  uid  tyranny,  of  cunfixaUon  ind  cor- 
ruptiori,  wliidi  every  wliere  surruuml  ux,  and 
to  f«asl,  though  but  in  iiuagiiiKtton,  on  such 
Tisions  as  tliese  of  th«  golden  age  !" 

*'  And  how  allocking  «nd  revolting  to  bu- 
mkoity,"  obnerveil  Puto,  "  to  rvturu  in  rctJity 
from  these  halcyon  Kenes  to  the  spectacles  of 
oppreNKion  uid  cruelty,  which  weary  our  sight! 
How  degriutiiig,  too,  to  suJjoiit  to  audi  things, 
when  tlte  remedy  is  in  our  own  hands !" 

'*  True,  too  true,'*  aighed  Lut-an  ;  "  but,''  he 
Added,  IS  his  eyes  kindled  with  indignation, 
"  willing  slaves  deserve  the  scourge.'' 

Statius,  who  had  been  for  some  time  appa- 
rently lost  in  a  reverie,  wiKliing  to  divert  the 
convrrsation  from  the  poUticAl  channel  into 
which  it  seemed  tending,  here  related  that  he 
had,  in  his  journey  to  Naples,  fallen  in  aed- 


S56 


«tonkiien'Gk;  or, 


(leittally  with  a  new  sect  of  philosophers,  or 
priests,  who  wished  to  establish  the  worship  of 
some  being  called  Christ,  and  who  from  UicJr 
description  seemed  identical  with  the  personage 
predicted  by  the  Cunuean  Sybil !  It  bad  not, 
he  said,  struck  him  before ;  but  if  what  they 
stated  was  true,  the  coincidence  was  very  re- 
markable. Statius's  relation  did  not  excite 
much  interest  in  the  company ;  but  the  subject 
subsequently  awakened  his  own  curiosity ;  and, 
as  we  may  infer  from  Dante,  ultimately  ted  to 
his  conversion  to  Christianity  (O) ! 


TBB    BOHANS    IN    B&ITAtN.  2.^7 


CHAPTER  XVIT. 

Tute  ip  thought  agtia 
Of  tlie  itol'a  awMtiMu  of  (hOK  cTeDing  vilki, 
When  piuied  tarf  wm  air  lo  wingrdlec^ 
And  circling  foreiU  bjr  ctheriil  loacli 
Enchaoled,  won  thelivciy  of  the  ikf, 
A>  if  iboDt  to  melt  in  goldea  light 
Slupri  of  one  hcirenljr  riiioa ;  lod  thjr  hurt 
EnUrged  vith  thy  new  tjmpatlbj  with  one. 
Grew  bonntiful  to  aU. 

lOH. 

LvCAN  and  hU  party,  including  Martial, 
Pudens  and  Claudia,  remained  at  Naples  sere- 
Tsl  days;  and  in  the  experience  of  the  two 
latter,  in  that  brief  period  was  concentrated 
the  bliss  of  years.  Every  thing  seemed  to 
contribute  to  their  felicity.  It  must  have 
been  a  sad  or  a  wicked  heart  that  could  have 
sighed  amid  such  scenes.  The  wooded  shores 
of  the  beantifal  bay  of  Naples  were  still  more 
lovely  from  the  tint  of  autumn ;  the  vineyards 
irere  lighted  up  with  the  lively  colours  of  the 


sroNBUBxaB;  ob, 

ooitume  of  tiio  peasants  gathering  tn  their  lu- 
dous  hnrvvst ;  and  the  cloudlesn  »Vy  and  deep 
blue  ware  seemed  to  hlenil  in  harmony. 

One  Afternoon,  Pudens  had  conducted  Clsn- 
dia  to  the  acclivities  of  Mount  Vesunus,  to 
gire  her  a  more  extennre  Tiew  of  this  iode- 
■cribahle  scene.  It  inis  delightful  to  vatdi 
the  shadows  of  thft  douda  changing  the  colour 
of  the  mountain  side  aa  thcj*  swept  orcr  iL 
The  rerdant  hue  gave  place  to  a  soaibre  bron^ 
which  passed  almost  imperceptibly  into  a  decf 
purple ;  and  thuti  tint  succeeded  tint,  like  tbc 
changeful  culuurs  of  the  dying  dolphin.  UllW 
did  tlivy  think,  as  tlicy  gtised  on  the  muUe 
houses  of  I'ompcii,  sparkling  amid  tlie  luza- 
riant  vines  which  embowered  them,  that  in  > 
few  Khort  yeun  tliey  would  b«  sought  for  b 
T^ii,  enxhrined  in  desolation,  fur  tJie  cutio«t^ 
of  future  ages  !• 

No  such  gloomy  forebodings  u 
haunted  their  minds :  they  could  only  gaxe  m 
the  loveliness,  the  inexprrasible  loveUow 
which  the  declining  &un  momentarily  increased. 
Claudia  wns  enchanted,  Pudons  intozicalediil^ 
the  beauty  of  the  scene 

•  Sm  M«rUil'«  bcButUul  cpl|tr*v  oa  VmiriM,  life.  iT.ffiM 


{ 
I 


< 


TIIK    ROUAN'8    IN    RXITAIN. 


S59 


I 


"  0)i !  Podeiis,"  exelnimed  the  Ibrincr,  u  she 
felt  tlic  |>bysi<»l  cxliilanttion  of  the  rarer  at- 
BMMpbere,  "  1  am  too  ha|)|>y,  1  cuuld  weep 
vritl)  plcfuure  :  When  I  aHOcud  so  high  ahove 
Ui«  every  dxy  n-orld  *«  this,  I  could  almost 
witth  never  u>  return  to  it  agiun.  My  soul 
ieem*  to  expind,  to  plutiK  Iter  wiii^ti  a*  if  for 
flight,  aiid  to  long  to  soar  to  otlier  sconeH.  I 
coiiniit  help  fccUnjf  a  kind  of  impatience  or 
regret  Uiat  I  am  tothervd  to  earth.  I  recoUec-t 
old  Morgan  once  sajnng  that  no  person,  who 
bad  ever  ascended  Snowdon,  would  doubt  of 
the  iuinortality  of  the  soul ;  fur  that  on  Huch 
heights,  the  soul  seems  consdous  of  liieultte* 
uf  which  it  waa  before  quite  ifpiorant.  He 
compared  it  to  the  eaglet  looking  from  its  ruck* 
liutit  nest  on  the  vale  below  and  the  ocean 
around,  when  tlie  ruffling  of  its  untried  [U* 
nioiia  shewft  tliat  it  di^lains  ita  contracted 
nook,  and  longs  to  soar  through  buundlesa 
space!" 

"That  was  a  beautiful  thought  of  old  Mor- 
gan's," answered  Pudcna^  "and  might  have 
delighted  ine  upon  Snowden,  with  the  tine  old 
fellow  by  niy  side ;  but  do  not  now  tell  me  of 
another  world.    Were    that  world    Klysium, 


260 


rrONKiiKKOK ;  ok. 


knd  ElyMum  such  as  Vir^  describe*  it,  ooe 
hour  sucli  as  this — one  hour's  convene  with 
you,  my  Claadis,  amid  such  scenery,  b  wortli 
s  whole  Eternity  amid 

Thow  vtrdkni  firldt  wtilcli  ("cii  vltli  llvirrn  nuf  fte 

Willi tikcr  mteii,  iBd  ■  |>iirptf  tkjr; 

Tlir  tili*iful  NaU  «r  h*no'  *°*^*  brkMT, 

Wbert  tbcir  ovn  (lUi*,  aod  ih«iT  own  lUi*  they  kaov.* 

"OVirgfl,"  he  exclaimed,  "I  cnrynotyom 
Klysian  groTcs,  where  nhftdcs  elude  the  Tsia 
embrace,  if  Earth  Affords  such  hliss:  I  wouU 
rather  tliat  you  sliould  send  your  hero  there 
tliaii  niB  !" 

"  Kie  upon  ytnt,**  said  Claudia,  Mniliii( 
and  blushing  at  the  same  time, — "  I  am  aJisid 
that  you  will  never  reach  Elysium ;  I  am  afrsid 
that  you  will  never  got  further  than  Tortanu. 
—  But  tell  me,  loudens,"  she  continued,  her 
Kttbhmer  thoughts  being  dieckcd  by  the 
dash  of  pasHion  thrown  in  by  Pudcris;  "leO 
me, — do  you  not  think  that  it  would  hare  I 

*  DcTtnan  locoi  IMM*.  oi  uovim  rlrcta 
foitunklMum  D«iiMruiD,  trAttiiae  bntu> 
L4rfi<oi'  hie  eimpoa  allitr  «t  Inwfw  rt«ti( 
I'urpurco  (  Mlcmque  nuo),  MkiUm  DoruuL 

ma.  VI,  w.  «38. 


very  jost  of  Virgil  to  have  left  his  hero  in 
Tart«ru»!" 

"You  menn,  1  ituppow,"  replied  Pudcns, 
,  "  that  if  /Cncas  Ittnl  Dot  ijiddon  Dido 
ill  the  shades  below,  he  n'outd  never 
have  wished  her  good  bye  at  all." 

"  I  mcancd  to  ask,"  retarte<l  Clau<iio  archly, 
**  if  you  did  not  think  tlint  the  poet  was  de- 
termined that  his  hero  should  be  taught  the  real 
value  of  his  protestations ;  and  tliat  therefore 
he  makes  Dido  heed  his  deceitful  tears  so  little } 
You  rceuUcct  his  description  of  Dido's  con* 
duct  at  meeting  ^neai  in  tlie  sitades  : — 

Then  tnroiag  rouuL 
SIk  Ai'd  bcr  ct«i  unoinv'il  upon  ihit  KfoiincI  i 
ApiI  wb>l  W  u;«  uid  tmet,n  nfuit  no  inorc 
Tli«o  Ibc  deaf  tocka  vUoo  tbe  tougb  biltowi  roar.* 

"Oh  Dido  1  Dido !  this  had  been  n-isdom  be- 
fore; but  it  was  too  late  when  you  were  wan- 
in   the  gloomy   forest    of  tlic    realms 


**  Ah  vi-ell,  my  Claudia,"    replied  Pudcns, 

*  111*  Hiki  flioa  onilo*  ntn»  Wneliit ) 
;  Nm  Mai|i>lMrfilOT«ltuiu  Ktmone  nia*rlor, 
''  QwM  •!  dun  iUm  »m  Utl  Uarfctia  ueui. 

an.  VI,  f.  470. 


htonbiiknok;  or. 


"  with  aerioasneu,  I  can  onljr  ssy  for  mywlf, 
that  !  would  not  have  entwuntcred  Dida'i 
shade  hsd  I  been  ^CtiMs  for  all  the  wealtli  of 
Carthii£;c.  Ilia  tears,  I  tlunh,  were  not  de- 
ccitrul  ihcn,  when  he  hrakcd  on  hc-r  pale  ghtwt. 
Mid  reflected  that  unrequited  love  for  him  bid 
banished  her  from  this  dieerful  earth,  to  thow 
gloomy  regions." 

'*  He  iiiii^ht  have  spoken  aa  toudiingljr  to 
her,  of  some  unhappy  queen  of  Troy,  as  yoa 
do  now  to  me ;"  was  the  mischievous  reply. 

"Nay,  Claudia,  a*y  not  so,"  said  Pudeoti 
"  had  Ik  loved  Dido  an  I  love  you,  no  po«<r 
but  the  rcsistlesK  una  of  death  would  haw 
dragged  him  away  so  unkindly." 

This  was  uttered  in  so  [>assionate  a  manner, 
that  Claudia  could  not  imtnedintely  Gad  k 
reply ;  but  willing  to  prolong  her  tantalizslion, 
she  continued,  "  Your  speech  is  fair,  and  so 
was  that  of  Dido's  lover ;  but  it  w»%  false,  rr- 
member." 

"  Claudia,"  replied  Pudcns,  velieroently, 
*'  you  are  cruel,  more  cruel  than  ^Ineai  was. 
Were  the  images  of  tIios«  wc  love  cngraTcn  on 
our  hearts,  as  poets  feign,  1  would  rather  lesr 
oat  my  heart  that  you  might  sec  your  loved 


r 


TUB    ROMANS    IN     URITAIX. 

iimge  there,  than  that  ^a  should  deem  roe 
(tiae.  Aju^  me  an^  lest ;  1  fear  not  flood  or 
flame — only  drive  me  not  mad  by  thinking  me 
ioaincere." 

It  wai  impossible  to  icatst  snch  a  pouiiiionate 
appcA]  nx  tliifi;  and  therefore  the  crui'l  Claudia, 
rdcaxed  her  victim  from  Love's  torture,  merely 
asking  pUvfully,  "  Miut  I  believe  you  then, 
Pudcns,    or  abould     I    not  act    more  wisely 


Willi  jxiu  tnjr  or  imar  I  lK«ri  no  in«T*, 

Tbkii  IW  Uof  racki,  wkta  tht  roof  b  billows  raH  -* 


"1  could  almost  vrish  tliat  the  poet's  «-iIl  had 
been  observed,  and  his  poem  burnt,  before  you 
bad  caujfht  bold  of  that  foolish  story   about 

EDido/'  said    Pudcns:    "and    yet,"  he  added, 
looking  oflectionatcly,  "  I  should  have  missed 
that  beautiful  smile,  which  1  would  almost  en- 
eoOnter  Dido's  fate  to  have  bestowed  on  me  1 
**  But,  my  Claudia,  what  but  our  own  villa 
should  kei.'|)  us  asunder  now?    Far  from  the 
control  of  friends,  wc  nre  free  as  yon  waves, 
I  which  mge  tl«  more  fiercely  the  more  U»cy  are 
I  thwarted,'* 

"  Von  waves  obey  their  ruler,  however  dis- 


964 


KTONEUENOS  ;   OR, 


taut,"  answered  CUudia,  "  I   too    miut  obn 
the  will  of  my  father.^ 

"  If  jrou  Uiiiik,"  replied  Pudeof,  "  lh«  jwa 
father's  coitsent  is  neceaxary  (»  ensure  jnw  a 
dowry,  dbinisa  your  •cruples;  for  I  am  dm 
pennyless,  and  even  if  I  were,  my  good  award 
woittd  carve  tny  fortune,  and  yoo  sboald  fian 
it— yourself  my  richest  treasure.*' 

"  Pudcivt,  heiu-  me,"  rrjoined  CUudia,  "  I 
never  can  be  Tour's,  but  with  my  fiitho'i 
conxctnt ;  for  such  ii  the  law  in  Britain,  and  I 
will  newr,  never  break  it." 

"Then,  my  Claudia,"  said  Pudens,  "I  will 
tempt  death  wherever  lie  is  to  be  found— 
I  will  war  with  the  I*arthians — I  will  fight  with 
beasts — 1  will  bearxl  Nero  himself," 

"  In  short— you  will  do  every  thing  that  b 
foolish,  Pudens,"  said  Claudia,  provokinfty; 
*'  but  what  should  you  do  all  this  for .'" 

"  For  you,  to  t«  sure,''  replied  be,  tome- 
what  angrily ;  "  am  I  to  seek  your  father  il- 
most  in  another  world, 

ptaitu*  tola  diviMf  oriw  BHlaniiM.* 

Am  1  to  risk  the  chance  of  another  Fr 
and  that  too  when  there  is  nothing  to  oppoK 
•  Vitg.  Ed.  1. ».  67. 


i 


TUB   BOUAKS   IN   BRITAIN. 


265 


»' 


r 


anion  but  our  own   wariranlness  }    Oh 
I  had  pcruhvd  ici   the  waves  instead  of 

rothaU !" 

**  t  am  sure,  Pudcnn,  if  you  loved  m«,  you 

onld  not  distress  roc  by  tulking  in  this  wild 
manner,"   said   CLaudin :   "  1  cannot,  as  you 

now,  dispose  of  myself,  witliout  my  poor 
Other's  consent  j  but  if  you  will  have  the  pa- 
tience to  wait  until  I  liavc  obtained  that,  and 
«ill  promiBc  mo  that  you  will — what  ahall  1 
say,  Pudeiis  —  love  me?    Ay,  that  you   will 

ive  me;  tlten  1  will  promise tliat,  at  all  erents 

will  marry  no  one  else." 
"If  1  will  promise  to  love  you,*'  said  Pa- 
dens  in  a  transport  of  joy,  seizing  her  hand 
and  showering  it  with  kissva, — "Nay.make  me 
promise  that  I  will  hate  every  one  else— yes, 
eny  Venus  I— my  every  thing  tliat  is  beautiful  and 
good  I  1  will  promise  to  lov«  you ;  I  will  pro* 
mise — 1  will  more  than  promise — 1  will  swear 
■^and  pledge  my  oatli  upon  what  I  most  value 
in  the  world,  that  1  will  love  yoo,  and  nona 
but  you :  I  will  live  for  you,  and  for  none  hut 
you!" 

Willi  a  blush  and  a  smile,  which  it  would 
be  impossihle    to   describe,    Claudia   rcplisH, 
VOL.  II.  K 


206 


ttTONRHKNGEi   OB. 


**  Wd),  Pudcns,  i    suppose  I  must  not  now 
My: 

Tint  vLal  yoa  nay  or  irtar  I  bMd  DO  morp,  Ac. 

Poor  Pudens  vas  too  mudi  ccstasicd  by  that 
look  and  smile,  to  be  able  to  answer  otbcr- 
vrisc  than  by  a  sigh :  and  thus  ended  this  dia- 
logue between  the  lovers ;  for  though  they  re- 
mained several  minutes  longer,  I  do  not  beUere 
tbat  a  single  syllable  escaped  thclipsuf  either: 
langu^c  was  utterly  inadequate  to  give  ut- 
terance to  their  overchai^ged  feelings,  which,  in 
'  expressive  silence'  best  conversed  I 

Within  two  or  three  days,  the  iron  ring  of 
bctrothment,  called  the  "  anittUia  pronubvs^'* 
presented  by  Puden*  to  Claudia  published  the 
engagement  to  the  world;  and  Martial  has> 
tcned  to  convey  the  news  to  a  mutual  friend 
of  the  name  of  Uufus  in  the  following  epi- 
gram:— 

TO  RUFUS. 

The  loTvly  tlrttiRVr,  CUudil^  ob,  mjr  fricnil ! 
Mrrfuca  wiih  tboM  uf  Piiileiu  MnuloUendi 
Hailr,  HyiiK-'U,  villi  lliy  lorr|i<  nor  hope  M  i 
BelH'reii  Iwo  lOuU  moK  (wrfi-ct  andj! 

■  Flin.  Ntt.  Bilk  Lib.  xsxill,  c.  I. 


THB   BOMAXS  IS   BKITAIX. 


2fi7 


TbmciaiBBaB  aad  maii  thtii  imn  i  <i«lai . 
Thn  Anic  kMcr  "'^  >■  K«ac  vjm: 
Tbc  riMrwJ I  dHfiiln',  food  dcyndest  tUag, 
An^id  the  (!■  doe*  boC  aon  faaAj  dug; 
TV  laOam  docm  aM  Ion  tW  water  morr; 
Nor  better  doe*  Oc  »rnte  lorr  Ihe  ihon^ 
Fair  Csocord!  erer  in  their  dwclbog  leigv, 
Aadi  TcBDi!  bud  tbea  is  aa  equal  cbaio. 
Ib^  ijkr  lore  bin  vitfa  joaikral  lore  wbea  RTej; 
Aad  io  lUi  tyta  oimj  bcr  Aamu  ae'er  decay! 

>alT.  iv,  Ep.  13. 


N    2 


S68 


rrONBHKMIB}  OR, 


CHAPTER  XVIII. 

En  f:ik  Ton  cbe  ralge  1  dcdo 

A'  navigiiDii,  I  InieflcriKc  'I  coore 

Lo  (1)',  cb*  luD  detto  >'  (lolcl  kuki,  ■  Dlo. 

Soft  hour,  vhich  w*kM  tfae  wUli  itod  mi'lu  the  litarl 

Of  Uiotc  kIiu  tall  thr  taai  on  111*  Ont  day 

Wlirri  itii'f  ftum  llivir  anrcl  frii'Dda  an  torn  apart. 

LOUD  BtKOH't  imailUJtIlO)). 


LuCAn's   purty  feturncd   to   Laiircntina  a 
day   or    two   Iiefore  Pudena's  departure  for 

Britain  ;  which  brief  intcnral  the  lovers  availed 
themselves  of  to  renew  their  vows,  and  concert 
their  plans  for  future  happincaa.  The  dreaded 
hour  of  parting — one  of  those  seasons  wliich 
**  press  the  life  from  out  j-oung  hearts,"'  at  last  ar- 
rived ;  l)ut  ne  will  tiut  prolong  the  farewell  pang 
as  they  did.  The  business  of  departure — the 
bustle  and  excitement  incident  to  a  pubUc  em- 
ployment— the  pageantry  of  a  miUtarj-  move- 
ment —  all     combined     to    divide     Pudcns's 


TUB    ROMANS    IN    nRITAIK. 

thoughts,  snd  to  prerent  their  being  concco- 
tratcfl  on  one  single  object ;  but  poor  CUudui 
needed  even  more,  but  felt  much  Icai,  the  dle- 
riating  effect  of  all  tliese  dia»ipatiDg  circum- 
stance a. 

Pudens  took  his  leare  on  the  night  before  he 

joined  the  fleet ;  and  earlj-  on  the  next  morning 

set  nail  from  Oxtin.    As  tlicy  kept  rather  close  to 

^ihc  shore,  he  passcO  Lucan  'a  Toirer  at  no  very 

H^reat  distance;  and   a   flag   waving   from   its 

Hauramit  assured  him  that  the  affection  of  her 

Birhom  most  he  loved,  would  attend  him  through 

V)iU  perilous  navigation.    Tlie  magnificent  mote 

M  the  mouth  of  the  Tiber,  although  a  work  of 

art  at  that  time  anrtvalled,  did  not  detwn  his 

nttentiofi ;    but  the   last  object   on   tlie   land 

I     viiuble  to  his  strained  sight  was,  I  need  hardly 

^hay,  that  tower — the  same  from  which  the  light 

had   Borao   (cw  months  ago  streamed   on   his 

drowning  eyes  I 

It  was  well  pcrhapti  for  bis  military  dignity, 
that  his  sight  could  not  distinguish  the  pale 
countenance  of  his  loved  Claudia  there,  who 
bftd  outiratchcd  all  her  companions,  and  re- 
prowcd  her  tears,  lest  they  should  obscure 
her  gut,  until  the  last  white  speck  of  sail 
had  vanished  in  the   horizon.     Then  it  was 


27<> 


HTONEtlENaB;    OR, 


that  her  ovcqiowercd  feelings  seemed  to  reeuil 
with  tenfold  v-iolcncc  Irum  the  rcatrtint  vhieb 
she  hat]  imposed  upon  them.  She  had  £dl 
the  sensation  of  loneliness  before,  &nd  hut 
somctinies  wept  when  she  thought  of  her  eiile; 
hut  this  separation  seemed  the  loneliness  of 
widowhood— the  desolation  of  bereaved  diiid- 
hood! 

Bitter,  however,  u  vns  her  nngnish,  I  do 
not  know  wheU>cr  it  was  more  painful  thu 
that  which  Pudens  lufTored,  when  the  exott- 
ment  of  departure  liod  aubsided,  md  tbe 
setting  sun  seemed  to  liare  stalled  all  natttfe, 
thnt  his  communings  with  his  own  heart  mighl 
)>e  undisturbed.  The  rivulet  rcBccts  a  thousaDd 
fleeting  and  confoMd  images,  but  it  is  the 
still,  unruffled  lake  which  preserves  the  deep 
A-ivid,  unbroken  picture,  mirrored  tlicrc.  TTiiu 
it  nns  witii  Pudens ;  the  npose  of  naturr 
colmcd  his  hoaom,  until  one  loved  tmtse 
seemed  to  remain  alone,  hut  pictured  fortb 
with  Huch  a  semblance  of  reality,  that  a  tlio» 
snnd  little  circuiiiHtniiees  now  struck  him  wluch 
he  had  never  before  cottteraplated.  It  wai  not 
only  iihseiiee  whieh  he  now  deplored,  bat  be 
began  to  think  of  the  dangers  and  temptstioas 
which  surrounded  tlie  beautiful   Oaaditj  and 


I 


I 


^•ni 


THB  ROMANS   IN    BBITAI.V. 

le  could  not  reflect,  without  the  most  painful 
on  hvr  being  exposed  to  the  liccn* 
gBse  of  tlic  profligste  and  unprincipled 
courtiers  of  Rome.  Wu  the  idling  Seneca 
cspable  of  protecting  her  irom  the  Uwless 
violence  of  those,  who  would  not  scruple  lo 
sacrifice  him  if  he  attempted  to  interpose  any 
obstacle  ? — or,  indeed,  was  her  young  unsus- 
pecting heart  a  sufficient  security  from  the 
viles  of  those  wiioae  manners  were  as  elegant 
and  attractiro,  as  their  hearts  were  vicious  ? 

"  If  she  escape  the  rapine  of  the  brutal 
HgeUinufl,"  thought  he,  "  who  will  insure  her 
rom  the  seductions  of  tlie  voluptuous  Pc- 
tronius  }" 

"  Oh,  Claudia,  CUudia  !**  be  burst  forth. 
**  the  last  time  the  sun  sank  in  these  waves,  we 
stood  together  on  the  shore,  watching  it  until 
sky  and  sea  were  of  the  same  rosy  hue,  and 
you  were  safe,  and  1  was  at  your  side  to  defend 
you ;  but  now,  every  wave  carrieii  ine  further, 

d  every  hour  may  perlmpa  bring  dan^ 
nearer." 

Under  the  influence  of  these  melancholy 
feelings,  be  composed  the  following  plaintive 
itaniBs : — 


272 


stonersmge;  or. 


Ta  cutmu. 

Dnr  ClinilU.  rimrll  <o  ilirr,  iD*ld  ft  inj  li'trt' 
Wuuld  'iwrrc  ftrrirell  !»  lirv,  liDCf  frotn  tliev  I  must  pu1| 
OVr  my  pilb,  lik«  ■  lunbcim,  thjr  pure  apint  »boae-~ 
It  bdglitcncd,  it  cliccnid,  \i  cncoangttl  me  on. 

Ac  Uic  dark  clouda  of  MIt,  I  could  toiite  knd  look  g»j, 
I'or  I  knew  tlial  my  CUudia  could  cliwe  tbein  Dway; 
Or  if  not,  likr  thn  ninboir,  would  ahliie  iiiidil  the  auiriD, 
And  tlic  dAfkcr  tbe  cloud  tMnml,  llic  fnirrr  brr  fona. 

Wbtii  thi!  liriglil  ttnr  of  crromf  vki  aiDkinit  to  raat, 
■nil  ll  accnicd  A  mtro  dew-drop  on  nightS  s«blp  ntt  j 
Wo  bin:  wHlchvd  ita  dcpnrturc.  but  watelird  wiitiuui  Kirnnr, 
Fur  n^  knew  that  ita1>ciiinit  woukt  ibiiMfurth  on  tfaewofTOw. 


r 


Wben  tbr  niglilingale'a  oot«,  whicfa  m  (vncily  would  break, 
'Hidit  our  irandinnt;*  nt  tirea,  acrofa  tU«  Mill  lake. 
Hath  M«Md  lu  lofl  lUrllUnK*,  >l  canird  ui  no  pain, 
Fof  wf  hoped  OD  the  luurrair  to  hoar  Itmni  iiiaia. 

But  lAy  form  ibjixs  nu  more  whvcv  lo  briithUy  it  ihonct 
Like  Che  Plcind,  it  accins  from  mjr  hnTin  lo  barv  doirn  ; 
And  fAy  xitci:  wllli  ic>  (ilvur-loned  iccinta  aodeir; 
Oli,wgr,  »h«II  U«'iriigiin  melt  unuiycHarr' 

Wlicther  the  fears  of  Padens  were  wholly 
groundless,  will  bo  best  known  from  theftJlow- 
ing  letter— 


THB  MOMANS  IN   BRITAIM. 


i73 


Ctatidia  Jhi/tna  /o  Pudetu. 

"  If  you  are  well,   I  «lsn  am  well. — I   liad 

khuH  bc^n  Dty  letter,  when.  I  was  called  away ; 

md  my  paper  being  left  open  opon  my  dak, 

raa  aoddently  seeii  by  Potla.     1  would,  my 

Jeru,  that  you  could  hnvc  belield  bow  immo- 

[dentvly  she   laughed  at  my  commencement, 

which,  (he  rays,  is  as  oUI-fashioned  a*  Baucis.' 

H      "  Lucan,  however,  who  happened  to  come  iii 

H»C  the  time,  insitts  upon  my  sending  it  to  you 

Hunaltercd,  antiquated  as  it  may  seem ;  for  be 

~  says  that  it  savours  of  t)ie  good  old  times  of 

the  Dommunwealtlt,  when  Cicero  used  thus  to 

vrrite   to    Atdcus.      Indeed,   to   tell    you   tlic 

Btmth,  it  is  from  Cicoro  that  1  borrowed  it,  for 

<      1  hare  been  lately  reading  his  letters ;  but  I 

'     Bin  sure  that   he    never   wrote    it   with    more 

B sincerity  than  I  do  now;  for  if  you  were  not 

weU,  I  aboold  not  be  well.     My  happiness  and 

health  are  both  hound  up  in  yours  ;  and  if  any 

ill  were  to  happen  to  you,  I  am  sure  that  1 

could  not  survive  it.     I  ana  delighted  tJiat  my 

father    so    cordially    consents    to    our  union, 

H  for  I  feel  eveiy  day  more  and  more  strongly 

^     *  1W  Njrtbokifiul  NmIi'i  <rUe^— (itf.  O*.  Mctuiioriih.) 
Thb  mmtt  nt  tomammtiaii  lni«n  wMobMlcH  In  Siiwm'* 
ttinr,  wlio  upi^Moa  Biiiii|uu  fuU  ntqat  ad  meun  Mmtiu 
atawni,  (irinili  epidoU  rnbi*  iiit)><ere  i  u  r4lc«,  bene  cil : 
■Ro  <niea.—Sr»^  Spin.  II. 


274 


STONKllENGE  ;    OR, 


that  I  cuuld  not  exist  for  Rnotber ;  and  I  am 
quite  Kure  that  existence  would  not  be  worth 
the  care  of  it,  without  you  to  share  it.  Naj, 
the  only  Uiitig  which  makes  it  tolerable  in  my 
present  exile — for  exile  it  now  seems — ^is  the 
hope  tliut  the  day  is  not  far  dixtant  when  our 
fates  iiliall  be  blended,  as  I  feel  our  souls  arej 
and  when,  far  from  the  \'ice3  and  miseries  of 
thin  ull-ingulfing  capital,  we  may  do  some, 
thing  to  mitigate  the  wrongs  of  our  poor 
countrymen,  or,  at  least,  teach  them  to  bear 
what  raiiniit  l»c  rcmOTcd.  Oh,  Pudeiis!  yoa 
too  AFC  a  Briton,  or  1  never  could  lore  you  as 
1  do;  alt]iougli  I  fi-nr  that  I  could  not  do  other- 
wise tlian  tove  you,  even  if  you  were  not.  I 
nm  afraid  that  I  have  said  too  much ;  for  I 
have  written  a  great  deal  more  than  I  should 
hare  spoken  to  you,  were  not  that  wide  sea  be- 
tvb'een  us.  And  yet  I  lore  that  sea,  for  it  seems 
in  some  measure  to  connect  us ;  and  I  thought 
the  other  evening,  as  I  was  wdking  on  its 
shores,  that  perhaps  you  were  at  that  moment 
gazing  on  the  same  object ;  and  you  cannot 
think  what  happine&s  that  thought  inspired, 

"  VVe  liuvc  lately  spent  another  day  with  Silius 
Italtcus ;  but  not  at  tlie  same  villa,  but  at  one 
wliich  used  to  belong  to  Cioero.     Pliny  was 


4 


I 


I 


TBE    BOUANS    IN   BRITAIN.  275 

there,  '  anci  wan  as  diucIi  datvd,  uh  liis  pliUo- 
lophic  nature  could  be,  nt  the  recent  birth  of 
tt  nephew,  t  The  eotnp«itjr  wu  very  much  the 
Mme  as  tliat  which  met  at  Vin(il's  tomb,  ex- 
cept,  that  poor  Penius  was  not  there,  of  whose 
death  I  suppose  yoa  have  beard;  if  nuti  I 
am  aorr^  that  my  letter  must  lie  tJie  bearer  of 
such  mournful  tithnga.  He  died  somewhat 
suddenly  at  last,  of  an  inflammation.  I  Lucau 
felt  his  loss  very  much,  and  delivered  a  funeral 
oration  over  him,  in  which,  with  his  usual 
force  of  expression,  ho  said,  that  the  last 
bnak«Bt«r  to  the  torrent  u(  licentiousness  is 
now  removed.  I  did  not  like  Pliny  much,  for 
he  considers  it  a  waste  of  time  to  do  anything 
but  read  niid  write- 1|  He  cannot  tolerate 
any  kind  of  amusement ;  and  while  a  beautiful 
pantomime  was  being  performed  after  dinnar,  he 
talked  to  me  the  whole  time  about  the  Umids, 
and  actually  wrote  down  itll  1  lotd  him  aboat 
the  gathering  of  tlie  mistletoe.  §  After  dinner, 
the  oompany  talked  about  Cicero ;  and  par^ 
ticulariy  discussed  his  opinion  respecting  the 

•  Pliev  Ikt  «Utr.    t  Ftinj  tbc  yaungcr.     -  Surt.  U  Vila. 
H  Vbn.  Epiit.  Lib.  IH^  tflu.  y. 
I  rUn.  Nu.  Hilt.,  Lib.  xvi.,  tmp.  41. 


270 


STOMRHKNGE  ;    OB, 


immortality  of  the  sou).  I  was  vcrjr  much 
detightcd  with  tliis,  and  with  Uie  selections 
which  they  rend  from  hts  works ;  but  I  could 
not  }i«:Ip  thinkin|;that  poor  old  Moignn — not 
to  siijr  Uic  Arch  Druid— would  have  proved 
the  soul's  immorttility  much  better  ttisn  they 
did  ;  for  Lucan  and  Seticcn  arf  ued,  as  though 
they  did  not  really  h<^-lieve  it,  and  Fliny  a1ti>- 
gether  denied  it.  The  discussion  reminded 
me  of  that  whicli  you  had  with  Tcnax;  and 
I  ani  ufniid  that  my  thoughts  were  more 
frequently  with  you  in  Lucan's  garden,  or 
perhaps  at  tiic  foot  of  Vesuvius,  than  witli  the 
eloquent  Cicero. 

"  I  often  think  that  tTic  days  which  we 
spent  at  Virgil's  tomh,  »nd  jiarticularly  after 
the  rest  of  the  company  were  gone,  were  the 
most  pleasant  of  my  life ;  and  that  I  sliould 
have  been  very  content  to  have  died  there. 

**  1  have  just  rflunied  from  a  walk  in  the  city 
mth  Lucan,  who  has  taken  me  over  Saturn's 
temple,  anil  shown  nie  the  ivory  tablets  there, 
which  cunt:un  a  list  of  the  tribes,  anil  the 
pubhc  accounts.  You  will  infer  from  this, 
that  we  have  got  hack  to  Kome  whidi,  I  am 
sorry  to  say,  is  the  cntc.     I  felt,  I  assure  you, 


■^ 


TIIR    ROMANS    IK     BRITAIV. 


277 


'no   slight   regret   at   lca%-ing  tlie   grolto,  and 

garden,  and   lakct  and  tuwer,   nt   Lnurcntina, 

endeared   by  w  many  delightful  associations: 

but   Lacaii   hits   recently  had    a   qunstonhip 

^offered  liiro,  which  makes  it  ncccsaaiy  for  bhn 

reside  in  Rome. 

*<Tigel)inu9,  the  Emperor's  farooiite,  has 
upon  Lucan  several  times  since  tre  met 
fllim  on  uur  way  to  Naples  ;  and  though  Lucan 
St  first  rather  repelled  than  coartcd  his  »c- 
quuntance, .  yet  ho  seems   to  hare   overcome 

kbia    aversion   at   last,   particularly,  as   I    am 
tnfomied,  thut  it  was  Tigcllinua  who  obtained 
for  him  the  qu^storship.    Certainly,  Tigellinus 
has   behaved   kindly   to    him,    and    has   also 
invited  I'oUa  and  myself  to  spend  a  few  days  at 
,     hi*  villa  at  Baia ;  but  1  do  not  know  witether  we 
^hhall  go;  for  ijeiieca  »ays, that  notwithstanding 
H^ngelUnus's  courteous  l>chaviour  at  present,  he 
'it  a  bad,  very  bad,  man :  and  Lucan  Idmself 
has   not  a  good  opinion  of  him,  on  account 
wo(  his  public  oppresuons  and  confiscations,  tl> 
[though  be  is  now  under  some  obligations  to 
bim. 
"  PareweU,   my  Pudens,  farewell !      I  am 
I  ftfnud  iJiat  my  letter  will  be  as  much  as  your 


278 


STONBHBNOB  ;    OR. 


left  hand  can  grosp^  which  PolU  also  tells  me 
is  highlj:  improper.* 

"  P.S. — J  have  written  to  tny  father,  but  in 
thanking  him  for  some  money  which  he  sent, 
I  did  not  specify  the  object  for  which  1  wished 
it  so  much,  nor  how  I  appUcd  it,  lent  I  shoohl 
seem  ostentatious ;  but  since  I  tiave  scaled  my 
letter,  it  has  occurred  to  me,  that  it  will  appear 
cxtraraguit  and  covetous  in  mc  to  have  askod 
so  mucli,  when  I  know  how  many  demands  he 
has  upon  him,  especially  since  the  Roman 
tribute  commenced  :  will  you  therefore,  if  you 
think  proper,  tell  hiro  that  it  was  employed  in 
purchasing  liberty  for  aeverat  British  slares, 
whom  I  one  day  saw  exposed  for  sale  in  the 
Septa. 

"  On  further  reflection,  I  think  that  it 
will  be  better  not  to  tell  my  father  what  I  did 
with  the  money,  lest  be  should  be  irritated,  and 
rebel  against  the  Kwuans  for  selling  his  sub* 
jects  as  slaves." 

It  is  hardly  in  the  power  of  language  to  de* 
scribe  the  emotions  with  which  Pudens  rcMl 
this   alfectJonate,   artless  epistle:    the   fonner 

■S«lnr4-pi»t«)Bnio<luFnexmlAiii,  quB  BondebtliiniMnni 
m*aun  Irgcniii  impUn,  8tt.—Srm.  EfUi.  U. 


I 
I 


TQS    BOMANB    IN    BBITA1N 


279 


part,  all  that  a  lover  could  wish ;  the  latter, 
almost  all  that  he  could  fear. 

**  Ye  gods  !"  was  his  ezclaination,  as  he  tore 
his  hair  with  passion ;  "  and  has  that  ezecraUe 
Tillain,  'ngeUinas,  drawn  her  pore  sool  witloD 
his  blasting  inflaence? — I  woold  rather  see  lier 
in  the  poisonoos  coil  of  a  Lybian  serpent '." 


(B.)— PAOB  9. 


•TRKBTB  IK  mom: 


iHoD  liM  well  dcKribcd  a  Mcnc  in  tbc  npiul  : — 

ThcnM  to  the  gates  cut  round  thin*  Pjrv.  and  mc 

What  conRux  irouinn;  fortli,  or  ctttiring  lo, 

t'txtim,  prui-oiiDuls,  lo  Ihcii  |>ro(iiico* 

Haitins,  <>[  uu  rvtorn,  in  rol)c*of  ttatei 

Liclara,  and  rods,  thi;  CDiign*  of  their  poirct  i 

Legiona  and  coharta,  tarma  of  hora*  Bad  wlogai 

Or  «nibauir«  fVoin  region*  far  rrOMit^ 

In  varioiu  babgU  aa  tUt  Appiao  road. 

Or  (in  Ih'  Bmilian,  lorai'  from  rorthtal  louth, 

Syme.  aad  wbtrv  tbc  slioduw  botb  way  ToJU, 

KItTDc  Nibtic  Isle,  and  marc  to  wc*t. 

The  rralm  uf  Bocchus  to  the  BtacluuoM  aca  j 

Kroiu  th'  Asian  kiugs  and  Parthian.  anMrng  tbMt, 

Fh>m  India  and  thr  Kolilcn  Chcraontaf, 

And  utmo«t  Indian  isle,  Taprobane, 

Doak  ISkcca,  with  whiu-  sllkeo  tiubana  wr««lli'4; 

rn»  Gallia,  Gailri,  and  the  Brituh  mat. 


iiOT».  381 

GennUH,  tnd  Scythiaos,  nod  SBmartiaiu  north. 
Beyond  Duiubiw.  to  the  Tsuric  pool. 
All  DalioDB  now  to  Rome  obedience  pAj. 

Paraditt  Rtgaiited,  b.  iv,  v,  61. 


(C).— F4M   11. 
■UILDINS    FOR   POITBBITT. 

See  Wordaworth'i  Sonnets,  on  King's  College  Cbapel, 
Cambridge,  for  •ome  fine  remarks  on  the  prophetic  an- 
ticipation orfiitare  greatness  displayed  in  the  arcbitectu- 
ral  design  of  that  magnificent  structure,  and  applicable 
toall  public  work*  of  magnitude  :^ 

Tax  not  the  royal  taint  with  vain  eipense. 
With  ill-match'd  aims  the  Architect  who  ptann'd  ; 
Albeit  labouring  for  a  scanty  band 
Of  white  robed  scholars  only— this  immense 
And  glorious  work  of  fine  intelligence  1 
•  •  • 

They  dreamt  not  of  a  perishable  home 
Who  tboB  conld  build. 

Eccleiiailital  Somtelt,  35. 


(D).— PAOK   12. 
PRIM  ITI  VI     ROM!. 

Hinc  ad  Tarpeiam  sedem  et  Capitolia  ducit, 
Aurea  nunc,  olim  silvestribua,  horrida  dumia. 
•  •  •  • 

Ad  tecta  snbibaot 
Puperis  Enndri,  passim  que  armenta  videbant 
Roraaoo  que  Foro  et  lautis  mugire  Carinis. 

^■,  Tin,  347- 


3B3 


KOTKl. 


To  Ibe  rndr  Capitol  hi»  gavM  he  Inda, 

Now  roofd  with  p)ld,  IIibd  covered  in  with  wh4*. 

■  ■  •  • 

And  bowing  herdi  their  itullx  kcd  pasture*  craved. 
Where  oow  the  Fomtn  itftod*  with  marble  pavod. 

On  which  th«  clkMical  Gibbon  obMtvct  i^Thit 
ancient  [ilcturc^,  au  aTtruU]r  introduced,  aud  so  «i<|Uiaitrly 
flni»hcd,  must  hav«  bi^n  highly  i]itcn}«ting  to  an  in- 
hnbitfiQt  of  Rome  :  and  uur  early  Btudi«s  allow  ua  to 
lympathiie  in  the  rtoliogt  of  a  Roman. 

DKrllot  <Md  FM,  tc,  t.  71,  >■  3. 


(E).— TiOB  4a 


BOHIN      DOMiaTICa. 


For  Airther  inrorntation  on  this  very  important  nibject, 
tlw  reader  1«  referred  to  Dlair**  elaborate  work,  "  On  the 
Slate  of  .Slfivrry  among  the  Romani."  which  oooUibi 
a  likl  of  no  fewer  tlian  312  diitiact  icrrilc  occvpationa, 
connected  with  a  Romao  eatabliihmeiiC ;  and  when  it  ia 
coneidirred  huw  many  persona  were  iieonMrilfeiii|ilo]ml 
in  the  same  uccupaticii.  aome  Idearnay  be  (bmicd  of  the 
number  of  (trvaiita.  Indeed,  il  is  enid  that  tome  indivldnala 
pocmoed  ai  many  a*  3,000  ttaic*,  whidi  tut  Mem*  to 
be  rcoogniacd  by  a  taw,  which  enact*  that  a  man  ahall  not 
free  above  a  hundred  sUtcs  by  bis  will,  though  be  ban 
30,000. 

Some  ntimstc  m  to  the  Doniber  of  domentics  which  the 
Romnn*  maintnincil  in  their  eervicc,  may  be  fonntd  from 
the  fotlowint;  anecdote.  During  the  ycw  prectdiBg  ihl 
period  of  our  narrative,  a  remarkable  ditcoMion  toot 
place  is  tlie  Senate,  io  con«ct|uencc  of  a  *lavo  having 
murdered  hta  master,  the  Pre^t  oftbc  city.  Under  »uch 
circuinvlancvs,  every  ftlave  in  the  tenricc  at  the  family. 


where  audi  mordcr  hod  bcrn  cnmnittMl,  wm,  l>y  ancient 
nnge,  liitbic  to  capilal  punUhmtnt.  Sinc«  thtt  uac^ 
tru  fint  citnbliilicd,  the  number  or  domutic*  had  id- 
CTCued  Id  kn  mannoiu  eilvnt  i  uid  tbo  que(tii>n  for 
dcci«ion  WM,  whether  that  law  vn»  now  to  be  enforced 
In  oil  ita  rigour.  Aitcr  a  lery  interE«tiag  debott,  for 
which  I  iMiBt  refer  my  rtodets  to  Tuiiui.  it  wu  decreed 
hj  Iht  Ru^rity,  that  the  bw  ahuulil  xak»  it*  caunc,  and 
Hcordinsly  400  iUvm  w««  put  to  death  I 


(Fj^PAoa  Tr. 

•XMac«'a  r«MCMc»  or  mimb. 

I  will  ant  diagttlH  the  hct,  that  (  ha*«  not  net  witit 
|lh«  »NdiM«  btn  raconM  iu   any  of  the  authoriiiea 
>Uch  1  ha*a  bwn  ab1«  to  comuU.    At  ih«  aantc  time  I 
uld  (tate,  that  it  ii  in  p«f  feet  keeping  with  the  wocder- 
til  prcMDCc  of  mind  diaplayed  by  Seneca,  on  on  occaiion 
lltlaied  by  Tkcitso.    l>uring  the  nbority  of  Nero,  his 
RKrabte  muthcr  wa«  antbitiout  of  arrogating  to  hcrMlf 
be  Buprtoiv  duuiaioa  in  Rome,  and  not  aatiaGcd  with 
eierting  her  inHueKce  uvicilr.  alio  wlihad  to  ditplay  tt 
CTcn  to  fonjgn  Mstea.    Tli«  Auibuoadori  of  Anneaiat 
having  been  admiltul  to  aa  aadienc*  irltb  the  Prion, 
Agtippba  praportd  to  aacrad  tlw  throne,  and  to  prtaide 
jointly  with  h**  aoa.    All  who  baheld  the  Kenc  were 
paralijed  with  tirrnr   nnd  amanFmenl.  except  Seoeca; 
but  be,  with  inimitable  prcKcoc^;  oT  miod,  bid  the  Em- 
peror Irate  the  throne,  anil  odiance  to  meet  hi*  mother  t 
ndrr  the  pretext  of  filial  piety,  sanng  the  bonoar 
Df  the  tiaia !— 71k.  J»n.  iiii.—B4. 


284 


Kom. 


(G>.--»ex  98. 


tRK   WIDOW  OP   BPHSIVS. 

At  I  ua  MixHiiu  to  romavtt  nil  occMion  for  ttUtix:^  H 
■  vrork,  which  b  pFCulIarly  calculatrd  b>  vttfaU  th*  iai- 
liiiBticin  BQil  corrupt  thu  moral  fetlinsi,  I  hate  l]Mg|k 
proper  to  appeud  a  free  Iraaklaliua  ol  this  talr  br  aa 
cvlcbntcd  Divine,  J  Of  omy  Taylor,  wliuai  Mn.  Haniui 
More  hoa  not  inaptly  itylod  tbe  ShoktpMK  tPMtf 
ilivLii«>.  The  cloatical  tcbotu  will,  1  Tett  wnrtd.  n- 
iwrienu  pleasure  in  daminiag  tlu»  tfiecioMa  of  Ik 
tUDcitiii,  ornate  >tylc  of  the  cloqucni  bialiop. 

"  Tlie  Eptmion  woman,  that  tbe  »oldi«T  lolijofi* 
IVtraoin*,  wa»  tbe  talk  of  olJ  the  town,  sad  tbe  twol 
example  of  a  dear  offcctian  to  ber  liiubandi  abe  it- 
Mended  with  the  corpse  into  the  vault,  and  there.  bM| 
nttendnl  with  her  taaideti,  te«oI<red  to  we«p  to  ihart.  ir 
die  with  fomitie  or  a  dutcinpcred  lonnw:  froB  wUtk 
rfBulution  noi  his,  nor  ber  ftieods.  nor  the  reterence  of 
the  piincipal  cittzeiit,  who  uoed  tliu  t^tteatia  of  thor 
charity,  and  tbtir  power,  coM  <fiimade  ber.  B«t  • 
toldler  that  vratebed  wven  dead  bodies  banging  wpot 
tree*  Juit  over  agAiott  tlii*  monnneal,  crept  ia.  mI 
awhile  Ktarrd  upon  tbe  aiUot  and  conily  dborden  ef  i» 
■orrow,  and  having  let  tbe  wonder  awhile  bnube  eol  tf 
*Kch  other*  cyvi,  nt  last  (etched  hU  tuppcf  mad  a  bMi 
of  wioe,  with  purpoae  to  eat  and  driok,  ADd  vtlU  to  M 
himulf  witb  that  ead  prcttineu.  Ilta  pltj  and  tnt 
ilraajiht  of  nrine.  mode  bim  bold  awl  cwiofia  to  try  If 
tbe  mold  woold  drink;  the  having,  tnany  bonn  >■>& 
felt  her  rciolution  faint  ai  ber  wMried  body,  took  hi* 
bindneu,  and  the   ligbt    tctiuDtd   iota   ber  tyw,  mi 


MB 


they  (kneed  like  boya  is  ■  fralivKl  i  and  huiDf  l«tt  tht 

pcftimdoaUMM  of  h*t  mntmi'ii  »om>w  thoold  cum 

_    IkH-  •rlt  to  ntftt,  or  bcr  Aame  to  ttpprooch,  Mwyad 

B  Kiwthcr  (bo  wootd  endure  to  beu-  «n  argumeat  to  pcr- 

^L«aadc  hct  lo  driok  and  li<r«.    Tbe   violeiit  poMion  bad 

^Mill  all  ber  tpirita  to  wildorM  and  dinoluttoa,  and  the 

maid  ftmnd  Ummi  willing  to  bv  galbeitd  into  onlct,  at 

the  amat  ot  aaj  nm  otject,  beinf  «Mrr  of  the  BrM,  of 

wkieh,  like  lMcbn,Uic7  had  tucked  ihrirflll,  till  tbcy  fell 

dowB  and  burtt.    Tht  irttping  woman  took  ber  toiilial. 

And  waa  not  angry  with  her  maJd,  and  beard  the  loldier 

talk  (  and  be  wa*  »o  pUaacd  with  the  chaagr,  that  h« 

who  Ant  toveJ  the  uleott  of  tha  forrow,  waa  more  in 

lo«  witb  the  nnitr  of  her  retaminK  »oice,  ttfrthWy 

which  himHlf  bad  ntning  and  put  in  tunc :  and  tli« 

Mtaa  bc^n  to  talk  aniorouily,  aad  the  womnn's  wrak 

head  and  heart  were  loon  poticMCd  with  a  littli*  wine,  and 

ahe  grew  gay,  and  talked,  and  fell  io  love ;  aail  that  very 

niigbt,  in  tbe  niorniag  of  her  paMion,  in  tbe  graTc  of 

bri  huabaod,  iu  tbe   pomp*  of  mourning,  and  in  her 

Jluaral  gannentit,  nrnnied  her  new  and  Blrangrr  ga««t. 

"  l)y  Ihie  time,  tlie  toldier  began  to  think  it  wai  fit  he 
aboiaM  return  to  h'n  watch,  and  obtfrra  the  dead  bodin 
ba  bad  in  efaaiff  i  but  when  he  atcendcd  from  hit 
BMUr^Bg  btidal>chanibcr,  he  foand  that  one  of  the 
bodir*  wa*  ilokn  by  the  ftiend*  of  the  dc*d,  and  that  be 
wu  (alien  iato  an  etit  condition,  bccanae,  by  the  lawi  of 
Epbcaua,  Ua  body  waa  to  be  fixed  in  the  place  ol  it. 
The  poor  roan  retamt  to  hi*  bride,  cries  out  bvlterly, 
and  in  her  jirraence  re*ol*«a  to  die  to  pr(*eol  hit  death, 
Kid  in  aecnt  to  prevent  his  ibame :  but  now  the  woman'* 
lo««  WM  raging  like  ber  futmer  BAilness,  and  tirew  witty, 
and  kilt  comforted  bet  eoldler,  and  pcraaaded  liiie  tn 
live,  k«l  by  kxlnc  l>lo>  who  had  beougbt  her  from 
death,  and  a  mora  giievceit  aonow,  »hc  should  returo  to 


SBS 


KOTU. 


h«r  old  tolemnitiaaor  (l;io|;.  tad  Iom  her  tiaiM«r  tot 
drMiR,  or  tbo  ivputatioii  ot  hn  coiuUncy.  withoot  tti 
dUBfe  and  Mtufactioa  of  on  enjoyed  loir.  The  Hi 
would  (aia  have  lived,  if  it  ImkI  bcca  poMiblc,  asd  il* 
found  out  tliis  w>)r  fui  him :  that  A«  thimU  latr  lit  Uj 
nf  lur  firtt  hiLibaiid.  irAiwr/ueniJ  ■!«  ha4  ■•  *tnmfl^ 
mmim'd,  and  pHt  il  vpoa  MejMMmH,  w  fhe»  tftktM» 
lliie/.'  He  diJ  10,  and  Mcaptd  the  picMnt  daa^H.  W 
pOBien  n  love  whicb  nugfat  chaDgr  aa  iiolcUljr  aa  Imt 
grwf  bad  done.  But  •oan  have  I  mcva  *  cnr«d  cf 
diaordercd  p»o|ilt,  ni»li  violmtly  aord  in  kea|>i,  tiU  tb*u 
uttnmt  lioidvr  wu  ratrsimd  by  a  wall,  or  liad  ifMl 
the  fiuy  of  the  Gr»l  SucluatioQ  tuid  w«lny  pngnwi  aai 
by  and  by  it  retnmcd  to  the  cootraiy,  with  the  unt 
CUnMtneta,  only  bwause  it  has  violvnt  ftod  nnfottniid.'* 
J«r.  Th/tor'i  tlslf  Dyiag.  tk.  J,*.  I. 


(H),— PMS  119. 


J 


Holiotlied  ha*  tb«  bllowiDg  nfervnco  to  Rkfcl 
Caatle  : — Sometime  RutupinuBi,  (or,  aa  B«da  callttb  h 
Replocvstcr),  atood  in  the  Ule  of  Tboud,  bat  Hi*. 
through  alleratioQ  of  the  chaanel  of  Doar,  il  u  aW 
quite  out,  and  annexed  to  the  main.  It  ia  called  la  ttat 
day*.  (Rcsn.  Klii.)  Richborow,  and  ••  it  abonU  iMai 
buitded  U|>oa  nn  tndlfferCDl  auil,  or  high  graand.  1^ 
l»r^O  brick*  alio  yet  to  be  ai-im  there  in  ibo  minoai  walk 
dtdate  either  the  Roiu&ii,  ur  lh«  old  Brititb  aorLmifr- 
ship.  But  A*  tiui«  dec&yelb  all  IUiicb>  '"  Roiopinuai  1* 
DOvr  bteonic  detolate,  aud  OBt  of  Um  dust  iberMf  Su^ 
wich  pniclucted,  vliid)  atandetb  a  fkll  mile  dim  iW 
place  where  HvptocMter  atood.— CAtmutJIm  Jmer^  1^ 
p.  13. 


Mr 


ojraUn  of  Rutupinuro,   an  nr«r»d  to  by  Jdv. 


(1).— noK  149. 

KOTK  ar  tUK  iDiToa. 

:  r^OMM  my  uiti(]iianBii  heart,  that  mjr  md  hu  bem 
lie  UprcMnttberHikT  with  tiK  foregoing  v«nGa(p.He)| 
.  tfaef  ■ecm  to  hart  vludcd  Uiv  ufsrcli  of  that  ugitcioiii 
and  le«Rinl  B&tl^uujr.  CatBilec,  wbu  tloubts  of  the  etist- 
ence  oT  micb  precxM*  relic*.  SpfaLiug  o(  pwM,  hr  h)->, 
"  Ntlthrr  an  ovr  pocta  deatituU  of  Arte,  prescribeil  hj 
reaaoDi  and  groiiailed  upon  espericDce  i  but  ibejr  arc  aa 
[iregnant,  both  in  witty  conceits  aa4  dericea,  and  al>o 
In  imitation  a*  any  ortbcm.  Tm,  aad  aoeonKnf  to  tlw 
ugamcM,  nccl  in  gnuiditf  nod  gmvUjr,  in  HiaothiiMa 
Bcd  propriety,  in  qaickntaa  and  bfieloeaa.  So  that  for 
•kill,  tuifty.  eiBcacie  and  iweeinee*,  the  Tour  material 
Dinti  tniairtd  in  a  pott,  they  can  botb  teach  and  de- 
|bt  pL'tf(^)y.  m*  tnuUtatHf  njipMr  ifaig  linn  itirrt 
^  Ihal  worlif  BriiiiS  tatlj,   CtanJia  Hiffina,  M 

**  Oh)  what  ■  kM  bat  our  UKttty  tuBtained.  In  not 
bavin;  cBrolkd  tnj  md  atnong  ita  nwmbna.    We  might 
_all,  thu,  hate  ahand  In  the  honour  or  having  diaconrcd 
I  long  lost  rvlie.— Cuafn'f  Srmaiiu,  p.  30," 


(BD^MOi  177, 
naMoati. 


,1  eanaot  dtsy  Bjfvlf  the  jilcuare  of  quoting  ttie  very 
■itod  paiaage,  in  the  origiaal  of  which  Uryden'a  it 
■t  KB  iwliflWent  |iu*plir«M  :— 


zsa 


MOTB*. 


HagK  pblcr  diion,  mbtm  puniro  tynsDM 
Hftnd  olix  rncione  velis,  quum  (lira  libido 
Moicrit  mgcnium,  fcrrtnii  tincta  vcnfno. 
Virtutem  viJcnnt.  inlabncantquc  rrlicU. 
An»r  nnytt  Hicitli  gemurrtPil  tfra  /w*iicf. 
Aut  mnga  Korati*  pcnilrn*  Iw^aMribus  <nala 
I^l^putc(»  DuVitrr  ccdImb  Utniit,  iima 
Imui  prudpiln,  quari  »i  «iM  dlcat.  tt  ialn* 
Pailut  inrdix.  quod  prnxima  neicial  our. 

pitu.  *Ar.  lit.  V'  35. 


(L).— FASI  sia. 

Lord  Byroa  hu  dcvrribcd  Uie  ClitomoiM,  Ln  Iwei 
which,  ta  ndopt  the  cijiivMion  of  ■  madcTn  tiavcllM,  flow 
M  sweetly  a*  the  lovply  ttnua  wlucb  tbey  detcribi  :^ 

But  thon  Clitunna*  I  in  thy  awMtnt  wave 
Of  tlic  moat  liTing  cryatal  that  wu  «'*r 
The  haunt  of  riovr-nymph,  to  gut  and  larc 
Her  lirabi  where  oulhing  hid  thMB,  /im  i1m(  rtor 

<>r«iot ,-  llie  |>untt  god  of  geotl«  wttrt* ! 
And  moit  acrenf  (if  atpacti  tcd  nio«t  clfar  i 
Surely  that  Urt-ain  wu  mtptoAned  by  ilaujchtrta — 
A  mirror  fin>l  a  biub  Tor  btMity'a  rounjctt  dautghitn  1 

Anil  on  thy  happy  afaorr  a  tempi*  tlill. 

Of  Mnall  and  dvlicate  proportion*,  liMp*, 

Upon  a  mild  drcliiHy  of  hill. 

It*  UMMTJ  of  thee  i  benulh  it  iweepa 

Thy  cnrrenl's  caltnaeu  ;  oft  from  out  it  IcajM 

The  finny  darter,  with  the  glitttri&g  ■cale*. 

Who  dwell*  and  reveU  in  thy  glawy  deep*  ; 


an 

While,  diiiAce,  tone  Mxttcral  water-lily  tAtU 
own  wbtrc  the  thallower  wave  itiil  tellt  iU  bubbling 
tftlcc. 

CHILDB   HilOLO. 


(U)^PAoa  339. 


■lAKTtAt.. 


NiioG  vivit  sibi  Bcutvr,  Iwu !  boDcuquc 
Sotn  cITugcr*,  atqae  ablr«  sfrntit. 
Qai  mabit  ptrriial,  tf  imfiulanUr. 

The  Um  lint,  mnny  Df  my  rcadera  inll  nmiGmbcr,  u  tbc 

dioMD  laoito  of  the  BUS  (IiaI  ia  Lincola'a  Ion  i 

aibljr  it  may  Dot  only  have  tuggetted  to  the  clauical 

lir<atiidtnt  s  luvCul  laontl,  but  alio  have  vxcitnl  a  aytn. 

!  ft«lin|[.  when  tfac  lioc*  ia  conncctMa  rocamd  to 

I  neflnory  !-^ 

Si  diaponcrt  ttnipiw  otJaaiim 
Et  Ttfs  pAtiUt  taean  rits : 
Nee  noa  atria,  one  domiM  potontutn. 
Aw  liitt  l^rieaa,  fmrunqur  Irittr 


(N),— pa«a  MS. 

TiiotL  BBADtKO  Tax  AHtlU. 

Thia  Kcoe  has  been  tkiu  dcseribwl  in  the  Itiuodactiao 
to  Drydiu)'*  Trati»lation.  publiahcd  by  Valpy. 

AiijEB*ti>*  ^"i  «*scrly  iltairana  U>  peniat  tlw  jCiwid 

&r  04  it  ha4  baen  nrmd ;  wai  iolrratrfl  Virtbl  to 

aufiintc  it  to  him  in  acvcral  lettcn,  id  the  warmeai 

net.      Prtvailid  on,  at  lari,  by  hU  imponnBilka, 

^1  KOtvd,  (and   it  ia  Tcmarkable  that  be  nai  U» 

VOL.  It.  o 


290 


KOTM. 


vciMi  nith  «  wonderful  twcetncM.  and  propnetfl,  litr 
«t»ili  book  to  Augustus,  and  lut  siatci,  OctavJt.  who  had 
juit  lost  liw  *ini  MuMiltiiL,  the  darling  nf  Roni«i  and  tht 
adopted  son  of  Augustus,  mwle  imc  of  the  aodicnce  U> 
flllfvutc  nnd  divrrtbcrtorraw.  Letua  iadulgc  ulhoughl, 
that  u  tinturnlly  |ileuin^  for  a  tnom«tit, — Virgil  reading 
the  fined  piiit  of  the  .-Eiifid  to  the  kni  of  llie  whole 
ranh,  attended  by  his  »i»t«r,  and  pMhn|)S  Mvceoaa, 
Horace,  and  other  favorite*  I  He  had  artfully  ia- 
iiertcii  that  britutiftil  UmrnlJitinn  for  the  death  of  yonng 
Mareellmi,  hcginning  with, 

O  aate,  Ingcntmi  luctrnu  ne  <|uMre  luoran, 

hat  wnireMed  hia  name  till  he  rame  to  the  Um, 

Tu  Marcellua  erki 

on  liearing  which  Octavla  could  btaf  no  ummc,  but 
buddeolf  *truck  with  aurpriM  and  aomiiT,  fainted  away. 
Wh«u  sht'  i«coveted,  ahc  mode  the  {>o«t  a  |>t«*eiit  of  tn 
wtlerci'i  for  every  line  in  praite  of  her  ton,  whicli 
nraouuted  in  the  whole,  to  above  two  ihonaand  poowli 
tteiling,  a  reward  equal  to  Octavia'a  (Ciwraaity,  aad 
not  above  Virgil'v  merit. 


(O].— p*as956. 
nia  coN«a»iON  or  btatic*. 

The  accoant  whieh  Uaate  hiu  made  Staliua  give  oil 
bi*  convcr*inn  to  ChriBtionKy  la  M  nuiooa,  that  we  »liall| 
crave  iMve  to  introduM  it  here  ;  bopiog  the  rcMder  wilj 
pardon  the  length  of  the  note. 

The  poet,  Virgil,  meeting  with  Suoiue  in  Pargator 
almott  ripe  for  Htaven,  etprcMt*  bii  aurpriae  i  and  i 
folio wtog  cunTerution  bctwe«a  them  enaoca  i 


nort*. 


391 


Tbpo,  ibua  to  bn  tint  «ui|  Jocuta'i  pftia. 
Ba|U  Uig  iBMKtoftbe  rani  Oniit  i 


Vtll«IL. 

Sull  MtDC  rcnuiaiBg  doubt*  my  wol  mmU  i 
Yoar  Mng  do  vniifc  af  Emaaiiel  *bo«n. 
No  •ndden  •park  of  pare  deratioa  gkim. 

Pot  hitli.  by  which  out  dMidt  klooc  kniL 

What  brani  ofiioon  ocapiiit  of  the  Dig:ht 
lllom'd  ^oiir  dwkntM  with  <«1tatla]  tight, 

VnaX  Uap  ctfatrial  Ud  your  hmur'd  pmr, 
"CniM  the  pun  WBUn  Ity  Uw  6ihM  pkmth'd  t 

■TATim. 

Tbi-  Uid  replied— You  both  the  gift*  bcston'd, 
And  with  titc  bftlm  bod  laurel  ikck'd  my  brow. 

Ukpooe  thtt  bean  ■  tliuM  luip,  you  threw 
A  bMisy  light  behind ;  uaicea  by  you. 

.\mI  with  beaightnl  (mi  your  pupil  In), 
By  the  loag  r«diMK«  tutwmag  from  your  hand, 
To  Ibc  blcM'd  mtnacc'of  the  promM'd  land. 

And  to  it»  Uoooiiag  bounda  ray  journey  sped. 

When  flrat  yon  nag  the  gold«B  ifanM  return, 
Aad  B  BfW  progtay  tnai  Biber  bom, 

Ts  Um  Uw  world  w^th  Jotlico  at  hi*  itde ; 
I  cangbt  U  once  Ihini  your  immorul  lyre. 
The  Same  of  Sakin  and  the  poet'*  fire. 

And  anud  the  dtaithteaa  boon  lo  you  deni«d. 

BOTit'a  laAos. 

Stalin*  then  got*  on  to  rtlatc  Uiat  lie  had  *ttta  bap- 
^Md ;  bill  that  to  avoU  peneeutton  he  had  made  do  open 
pTofmloa  of  hia  Uth :  a»d  thai,  a*  a  pnoiahmoit  for 
hit  cowardle^  he  bad  aalhred  baniahamt  Aom  Hcavtn 

thtnfioaaof  apathy  IB  rargatory,  to  400  yean— 

o  1 


39S 


Id  holy  convme,  with  the  uints,  1  paaa'd 

My  hours ;  but  when  the  wolflih  tynuit*  t-hoMd 

Those  tiunhs  to  drnth,  yel  jtill  aim[  I  Mood ; 
Till  with  all  other  Beds,  ihcir  Uvea  compared. 
Mode  tat  all  other  ducttinea  cliaregnrd. 

And  every  scruple  of  the  heart  aulMlued. 

Long  ere  my  muac  bod  led  the  Grecian  buDil 
Tb  the  dire  vuullict  ou  lamrno'D  atrand, 

lu  otha  Btrtama  the  pure  baptismal  rite 
I  shared  I  hut  still  concealed  my  nascent  failh- 
Heaven  I  provekfd,  to  *hun  a  mortal'*  wrath. 

And  wor»hip'd  Ilndea  and  ctcruBl  nl^ht. 

For  this,  while  IMicr^boft  journeyed  round  tha  ynr. 
Four  hundred  times  I  courted.  In  full  are«r, 

Kuund  you  low  rampire«,  with  th«  frigid  tnds  t 
Vi'Lu,  dead  to  charity'*  celestial  glow, 
Ruti  nt  Tull  ipeed,  ftnd  luodle  lu  they  go. 

Till  lovE  has  wing'd  them  for  llic  blest  domain. 

IM)TI>.t 


•  I'ioclwlui. 

ISieibt  l»KiUtnli»lgtiul|of«blcbiUikbirti 
In  casta  uU.  di  1  Purwtorlo. 


END   OP  TOt..   II. 


4 


ION  Demi 


Tftivno  9T  «eaviftK  ajtd  co.  II,  roi-uiD  wnmmr. 


STONEHENGE; 


THE  ROMANS   IN   BRITAIN. 


VOL.  III. 


LDNDOKI 
TIIUCTID  ■!  KB  HOT  "">  «»-.  '*■  Ml-*""  ««»«. 


STONEHENGE! 


OB, 


[E   ROMANS   IN    BRITAIN. 


A  ROBIANCE  OP  THE  DATS  OF  NERO. 


>» 


HALACHI  MOULDY,  F.SjI. 


MUhlm  ■  BrlUih  ncad  (long  coDCHl'd 
Id  old  Annorle^  whoa*  hctH  ipria^ 

No  OotUc  cODquvTVT  CT*T  dnokj  Knaled 
Th>  duteIUhu  RintBI  of  SRfDUOI  thiDtl. 

WOaDtirORTB. 


IN   THREE    VOLUMES. 
VOL.  III. 


LONDON: 
AHD  BENTLEY,  NEW  BURLINGTON  STREET. 

1842. 


BOOK  THE  FOURTH. 


rt.«e  qui  Mit  trionipher  da  lul-mltiie  jmqo'  1  la  mort ! 
lOD  uni  I  ti  la  Tie  at  nurte  poor  la  plaisir,  qu'cllc 
los(tw  poor  la  ferta! 


>L.    III. 


BOOK  THE  FOURTH. 


W  «t<«  qui  tilt  trioinpber  d«  lul-mtmc  Jaiqa'  i  I>  morf  i 
Obmib  unit  li la  Tie  rat  courK  poar  ia  plaiiir,  qu'cllc 
W  iDDgM  poor  U  tertn! 

■auiuAU. 


TOL.   HI. 


STONEHENGE; 


o«. 


THE  ROMANS  IN  BRITAIN. 


CHAPTER  I. 


Painr Ionic  ■mbitioo, poor TCTtn  linftullAre; 

llnccllelt  condiiirc  iin  clior  tlnii*  lnciirriAn: ; 

A  dkputfr  lie*  prii  lnili[nr>i  ili'  »r^a  nisins; 

A  *•  dOBDiT  lui-inl'cm'  m  *pi-CIaclr  mil  Romain>t 

A  *«sir  piodigucr  ta  roji  lur  up  tbf  Hire ; 

A  ttdwtda  cbHiC*  qu'll  reul  qu'on  ulollVlrc. 

BACINR,  >hlT*)IN. 


Vebt  few  inciJmts  chcqucrcd  the  monoto- 
Dotis  coarse  of  Roscrona's  life  for  a  consi- 
derable time  after  the  departure  of  Pudcns. 
She  contina«d  the  guest  of  Lucan,  admired 
by  fill  who  saw  her,  and  beloved  by  all  who 
knew  her.  Sensible  of  the  value  of  lier  prc- 
lent  opporttinitica  for  improvement,  slic  prose- 
cuted her  studies  with  an  ardour  which  ex- 

B  2 


STONEUEXQE  ;   OB, 


1 


posed  her,  in  itome  measure,  to  the  animadrer- 
sioiis  so  free!}*  bestowed  by  Juvenal  on  the 
literary  la<iies  of  Itome  :  but  wlien  taunted  on 
tliiii  score,  she  used  mildlv  to  replyi  "  Were  I 
to  remain  in  Koiiie,  I  might  iMtm  all  my  life; 
but  nlien  1  return  to  Briton,  1  must  begin  to 
lea£hr 

After  the  lapse  of  a  few  months,  however, 
an  event  ot^curred  which  obliged  her  to  leave 
Lncun's  faniilv,  and  ushered  in  a  series  of 
changes,  not  only  affecting  her  fortunes,  but 
even  her  character.  Leaving  her  for  awhile, 
we  roust  return  to  tlic  Emperor,  who  will  have 
to  act  a  conspicuous  part  in  the  few  remainii^ 
scenes  of  this  narrative. 

I  have  selected  the  quotation  prefixed  to 
this  chapter  in  order  to  call  the  reader's  atten- 
tion to  Nero's  inordinate  passion  for  distine- 
tion  in  the  Grecian  accoropHshments  tJiere 
particularized.  As  a  charioteer,  he  liad,  at 
might  have  been  expected,  excelled  moat  of 
his  competitors;  but  not  content  with  his 
mpremacy  in  tlie  circus,  he  aimed  also  at  the 
histrionic  crown,  and  had  resolved  to  bear 
■way  the  palm  of  poetry.  Unfortunately  (or 
Liucan,  he  was  the  chief  obstacle  to  Nero's 
triumph  in   this  department ;  and  it  was  neocs- 


I 


TUS    noUANfl    IN    BHITAINi  5 

fitry  to  (Icpoae  him  before  the  Emperor  could 
^rrigi]  tinhvallcd.  Bat  how  was  iliis  obstacle 
to  be  removed  ? — how  was  this  deposition  to  be 
t -accompli shed  ?  If  tlie  Emjieror  challeitged  him, 
I  and  failed,  the  ignominy  would  be  unendurable: 
lif,  oil  the  contrary,  Lucaii  urere  not  challenged, 
fhe  remained  iu  undisturbed  possession  of  his 
F  laurels. 

Afler  anxious  deliberation  on  the  subject, 
was  resolved  that  tlie  gauntlet  should  be 
awn  down,  and  tliat  some  of  the  conr- 
en  should  use  their  private  influence  with 
Fthe  poet  to  induce  him  to  acknowledge  the 
EmpcroT's  airogatcd  superiority.  Lucun  was 
lingly  recalled  to  court*  and  received, 
aong  other  marks  of  favour,  tlie  office  of 
■tor.  It  must,  however,  in  justice  to  this 
li-souled  poet  be  acknowledged  that  al- 
liougli  it  is  jirobable — audi  in  the  wcaknen  of 
buiiuiii  nature — that  lie  felt  flattered  by  tlie 
Cnipentr's  notice,  yet  that  thcio  distinctions 
Were  lather  submitted  to  than  courted ;  and 
t))Mt  a  refusal  would  have  looked  suspicious, 
•«ii(l  would  have  exposed  him  to  dangerous 
Ooiiacquenccs. 

Tbeie  preliminar}-  steps  having  been  taken, 
"^cro,  in  due  time,  published  a  challenge 
Against  all  competitors ;  but  of  this  challenge 


I 


8T0NKHBN0K;   OR, 

Lacan  wisely  took  no  notice.  This  gcnenl 
measure  not  having  succeeded,  tlic  poet  was 
informed  that  it  was  the  Em|>cror's  ]Mrticular 
desire  that  the  public  should  decide  the  ques- 
tion of  supenority  between  Uiem  :  but  Lucan 
very  respectfully,  but  firmly  declifUKl  the  con- 
test, u  be  could  not  help  suspecting  some 
desigu  to  ensnare  him ;  more  cspL<cially  as 
Tigetliuus  wss  very  pressing  in  his  recom- 
mendations to  bim,  to  gntify  the  Emperor.       I 

This  monster's  design,  it  needs  no  extn- 
ordinary  sagaeity  to  discover,  was,  by  procur- 
ing the  quosstorship  for  Lucaii,  and  obUging 
him  to  reside  in  Rome,  to  draw  Claudia  a  little 
more  within  his  own  reach ;  and  then  by 
inveigling  the  poet  into  an  altercation  with  the 
Emperor,  to  deprive  her  of  her  protector. 
He,  accordingly,  witJt  that  knowledge  of  cha- 
racter with  which  Satan  endows  his  favourite*, 
finding  bia  persuasions  unsuccessful,  had  n- 
course  to  another  and  more  effectual  mode  of 
attack,  and  employed  some  of  his  satelliten  to  ■ 
taunt  Lucun  with  cowardice  in  claiming  supe- 
riority, and  yet  refusnig  cuuii>etition.  It  was 
in  vain  tliat  he  denied  having  made  any  such 
ctaiEB :  ttie  homage,  it  was  observed,  was 
received  by  him,  and  he  wait  afraid  to  allow 
bia   prctennons  to  be     fairly  disputed.    Tbia 


I 


TBB    ROMANS    IN    IIBITAIN.  7 

on  was  aimed  at  his  most  oHsnilabte  |)iart, 
proved  but  too  nuocessrul.  Lumn  wni 
too  vehement  a  man,  and  too  genuine  a  poet  to 
endure  this  charge,  and  he  tlterefore  accepted 
the  challenge. 
^^  The  Emperor  having  gained  this  point,  di- 
^MCtdd  his  efforts  to  induce  his  antagonist  to 
allow  liiro  the  victory ;  and  to  attun  this  ob- 
ject the  most  lavish  promises  were  made  to 
him  of  compensation  for  a  defeat,  should  such 
occur  1 — ■  hint  not  difficult  to  be  understood. 
Thus  were  mAttm  aminged,  wh«n  the  impof 
tJint  day  arrived.    Tliv  ncene  of  cuntcst  wu 

["    npey's  glorious  'Hieatre,  of  which  wc  ahaU 
mpt  a  brief  description,  as  it  appeared  de- 
ited  for  tlie  occasion : 
i 


ll  niigbt  be  dNm'd  OB  OUf  kiilotuii'i  part 
Or  loo  nuth  ncelieniM.  or  wanl  of  tX, 
If  hr  ferfot  the  rut  mtniDeean 
Of  Mill*  ftiapfr,  aad  y*  kif*  ntprMV. 

DKTbu'a  rujMon  ako  arcits. 


'Thisraa^ificent  edifice  was  boilt  of  stone,  and 
was  capable  of  containing  forty  thousand  specta- 
tors. The  niches  t^ctwcen  the  marble  pillars  were 
■filled  with  statues  of  Uic  most  es<|uisitc  sculp- 
\ue,  among  which  the  most  celebrated  were 


P  BTQT<bhknob;  OB, 


the  images  of  the  fourteen  nationi  conquered 
by  PoDopcy.  The  bronw:  colossus  of  the 
hero  himscJf  stood  in  the  Basilica;  and  within 
was  a  marble  statue  of  Jupiter,  erected  by 
Claudius.  The  scene  and  the  walls  were  co- 
vcrfed  with  gold ;  and  the  awning  was  of  purple 
studded  with  golden  stars,  embroidered  in  the 
centre  witli  a  representation  of  Nero  as  Apollo 
guiding  the  chariot  of  the  sun !  The  varying 
tint,  which  the  awning  gave  to  the  marble  sta- 
tuesi  and  to  the  vsIIb,  as  it  tremulously  wared 
in  the  breeze  and  moderated  tlte  bright  glare 
of  the  sun,  was  not  the  least  beautiful  effect 
produced  by  sirt.  It  reminded  the  spectator 
of  that  purple  light  which  poets  have  delighted 
to  ascribe  to  the  atmosphere  of  Elysium. 
There  was  another  instance  of  refined  luxury 
too,  which  ntost  not  pass  unnoticed.  This 
huge  building  was  perfumed  by  coneealed  con- 
duits of  liquid  scents,  carried  into  the  marble 
statues  before  described  ;  whence  the  perfume 
passed  through  inrisible  apertures,  and  diffused 
an  atmosphere  pf  fragrance. 

However,  to  pursue  our  narrative : 
Lucan  had  not  apprized  his  family  of  his 
inten^on  to  contest  tlic  palm  with  Uie  Empe- 


TBK  aOHAM  at    BKtTAIX.  9 

'but  took  hia  vUe  utd  Claadnto  tbe  tb«»- 

Itre,  u  tbougb  to  witncsa  an  ordiauy  pedbna- 
uce. 
L  The  lidtes  Nsted  tliemsclvea  in  tbe  poftieok 
Which  was  the  place  aaaigned  by  An|tastiis  to 
tbe  female  part  of  th«  aiuiicnoc;  and  Lacan 
tliem,  apparently  to  take  his  place  oa  ooe 
'  tbe  fuurtecii  ruvrs,  aaaigned  to  the  Eqne^- 
Itrian  order,  whicli  fonned  the  barrier  between 
|<the  orcbeatra  appropriatad   to  tbe  aenate  and 
[Other  diHtinguiihed  peraons,  and  the  higher 
tenu  occupied  by  the  plebeians.* 

Nero,  aiixioui  to  ensure  an  audience  to  wit- 
ncM  hia  triuiapb,  and  not  considering  that  tlie 
itovelly   of    ht>    own     diiigraceful    exhibition 
vould  be  a  sufficient  attraction^  bad  ^ven  no- 
,  tice  of  the  erent  in  such  a  loanucr  as  tu  render 
I  it  unsafe  for  any  pcraon  of  dignity  to  abaent 
I  tuinself ;     insomuch,    that      several      Hocnan 
LnijjhtA,     being    rather    late,     were    actunlly 
ahcd  to  death  in  the  narrow  pas^<a^s  lead- 
ing to  their  scats,  so  dcnac  was  tbe  crowd.t 
Nor  wiu  liis  anxiety  confined  to  tbe  more  col- 

■  For  i>roTiiLUioa  m  Uib  MiMtan  utd  ur*Dg«ioenl  ol 
Ike  KoM*n  TteMn,  Me  Ponpeii,  roL  I,  c.  0. 
t  T«c.  Aan.  m,  B. 


Ii3 


10 


STONSHKNOB  ;   OB, 


lection  of  an  audienoc ;  it  was  of  still  greater 
importance  to  secure  their  favourable  o(HnioD ; 
and  for  this  purpose  common  soldiers  were 
distributed  over  the  tlicatrc  to  take  care  thnt 
the  applause  should  be  kept  up  without  inter- 
mission by  a  set  of  hirelings,  some  of  whom 
were  severely  chastised  for  having  relaxed  thor 
eft'orts  through  weariness  ! 

Dc&ides  these  precautions  spies  and  inform- 
ers were  stationed,  in  different  parts  of  the 
building,  to  watch  the  countcnsnccs  of  tJte 
spccUtura,  who  carefully  noted  down  and  re- 
ported to  tlieir  master  any  symptom  of  disgust 
manifested  by  the  unwary.  Among  tlioso  who 
did  not  escape  their  ubscr^tition,  it  may  be  no- 
tieed,  was  Vespasian  tlic  future  Emperor,  who 
being  su  uncourticr-likc  as  to  yawn,  was  inso- 
lently rejirimanded  by  one  of  Nero's  frccdmcn, 
and  only  siired  himself  from  nmrc  dreadful 
consequences  hy  a  voluntary  retirement  from 
court! 

Nero's  name  was  emblazoned  in  white  let- 
ters in  the  list  of  harpers,  and  other  performers, 
among  whom  was  our  friend  Lucan.  Tlie 
priority  of  the  different  mngers  was  determined 
by  tot  i  and  when  Nero's  turn  arrived,  procia- 


to  ■■- 


iperor  mold  nag  • 
ponbon,    atyied»    'The 
Niobe.' 

The    MUfaar  at  tls 

I  AdTBOooOf  pnccQCQ  DT  toe  fJP^ 
Bta  of  the  Pictanan  eobofts,  TigdEaas  mod 
coUogaa^  bousi^  ha»  fcwfs  >ad  fcUowid 
I  by  tlie  tii3itvy  tribopM,  *mI  tiw  ntoM  dbtia- 
rgnUied  of  hit  awrtien.  At  first  bo  only  tco- 
[tared  upoo  the  pntcautam^  or  rostram,  from 
rbenoe  be  recited  his  poem  t  bat  b«ng  en- 
by  the  populace  to  exhibit  all  his  ac- 
peompltsbmeatB,  h«  took  bis  place  in  the 
and  conformed  to  the  nJca  of  the 
I  Itage,  which  allowed  no  performer  to  ait  down 
for  to  tiie  bis  pocket-handkerchief. 

His  Toice  was  neither  loud  nor  dear ;  and  it 

'  WM  in  rain  that  he  deepened  the  <icarlet  of  hi* 

naturally  red  face,  and  atoud  tip  toe,  •training 

to  fill  that  hu^  tlieatre  with  his  unmouttia)>le 

poetry. 

HowCTCr,   haring  cenaecl  his   performance, 

the  roaster  of  the  world    knelt  on  one  knee, 

[and,    with  uatstretched   band  and  simalated 


IS 


STOMvlIRKOS;   OR, 


anxiety,  suppliciitcd   the  lenience   of  Ins   au- 
dience.* 

It  is  klniost  needless  to  ndd,  that  it  wm  not 
supplicated  in  vain.  Men  of  thought  tind 
priiiciplu  indeed  felt  not  bnljr  themselves  l>ut 
tlicir  nation  degraded  by  this  display;  but 
they  yielded  to  compulsion  :  the  sycopltants 
of  Uie  tyrant,  of  course,  attempted  to  out- 
vie each  other ;  and  as  to  the  lower  orders, 
they  were  uiifeigtiedly  delighted,  and  ex- 
pressed their  pleasure  in  one  measured  note  of 
applause. 

Lucan'a  turn  succeeded.  It  is  impossible 
to  describe  the  excitement  which  prerulod} 
sufiice  it  to  say  tliat  ex'ery  eye  was  lixed  upon 
him  with  the  most  vivid  ausjiense;  an<l  the 
more  so  as  he  had  hardly  communicated  his 
determination  to  any  person.  The  courtiers 
envied  him  the  opportunity  of  ingratiating 
himself  with  the  Emperor :  Seneca,  who  had 
pressed  upoti  him  for  once  to  be  content  with 
mediocrity,  watched  tiim  with  painful  interest  as 
though  diHtnistful  of  his  advice  being  followed  : 
tiis  family  gazed  upon  him  with  agoniung 
anxiety. 

•  Suet,  ill  Ncron.  21— M. 


TUB    ROMANS    IN    OMITAIN. 


IS 


No  ind'ivida&l  present,  however,  scanned  hia 
ovcnicnts  with  mure  impatience  than  the 
peror,  who  risibly  trembled  lest  thui  experi- 
nt  should  ful,  «nd  he  ■'hould  lose  the  dar- 
ng  object  of  his  heart. 

"Yet,"  thought  lie,  "Lucan  knows  that  ( 
n  eitlicr  make  him  tialf  a  God,  or  annihtUite 
tun:  surely  he  cannot  VBiiquish  me,  if  he 
lold.    Nay,  more  than  that,  he  will  not,  if  he 


This  Uat  consideration  afforded  the  Eni|>orOir 
[by  far  tlie  greater  consolaliou :  but  he  knew 
Inot  the  character  of  his  antagoniiit.  I>ueaii 
imu  a  man  of  spirit,  and  be  was  a  poet.  To 
I  honour  and  reputation  were  dearer  than 
;  and  the  determined,  dignified  step,  with 
'^which  he  ndvantwd,  manifested  at  once  bis  re- 
.  solution  even 

la  UiOM  dtftMntr  xkmn  o/  ibaiM 
To  OMch  Ikr  liMTt,  aoJ  ■Ulk*  for  huani  fimt\ 

OOLtWMITn. 

He  conse<iucntly  exerted  every  energy,  and 
I  threw  all  hia  genius  into  his  performance. 

Tlie  Hubject  was  Tlie  Descent  of  Orpheus 

'  into  the  infernal  regions  :  and  the  eflieet  uf  hia 

recitation  was  such  ■»  could  hardly  have  been 

imagined.    One  universal   deafcuing  idiout  of 


stonbhbn'or;  ob, 

applause  rent  the  walls  of  the  theatre  !     The 
soldiers    dropped    their  spears,    and   the  in- 
formers,  for  a   moment,  forgot  tlieir  odious    I 
task;   nay,  the  courtiers    themselves    uncon- 
sciously joined  in  the  plaudit ! 

Ingratui  tient  diikibuB  (hFncrii. 
£t  DOiter,  libi,  pcmtttatar  Orpheni* 


CUAPTEU  IL 

O  BwfciiffcM,  fcf  Ml  at  jvmAn  dori 

Hk  waa  toolk  vU  r«aUt  U  Ike  dmfct 
Han  Mt  W  te  »U  U«,  braw*  or  kiw  i 
■■,  dayfc,  ud  Ml,  hat*  Mt  tktir  matfca  oa  Un| 
JUd  id  Ibcir  Mtalavn  ittrad  oa  bla. 

«ICU«»  III. 

Everr  thing  luul  happened  hitherto  prcciseljr 
,  Tigellinus  wished;  &nd  tlie  further progrcu 
of  hia  i^ut  is  be»t  develoiwd  in  the  foUow- 
uig  subtle  epiitle  to  Lucan,  written  imme- 
diately on  his  rctom  hume  from  the  theatre. 


TiffeUintu  P.  P.Cto  A.  Ltican  Qu^slvr. 

"  Not  a  moment,  as  it  appears  to  me,   my 
Lucan,  is   to  be  luat  in   apprising  you   oftlio 
prohsbte  consequences  of  tlic  L'tciita  of  yestcr- 
'  day.     It  would  be  impossible  for  me  to  dc*- 
'  cribe  to  you  tJie  fuiiuus  chagrin  of  the  Empe- 
ror on   being    vanquiahcd.    The    ravings    of 


l<i  stonkiiknqe;  or, 

<£<ltpus  were  puerile,  compared  with  bis  im- 
linKations.  The  pious  wish  of  Caligula,  that 
kU  the  nation  had  but  one  nixk  that  be  might 
sever  it,  is  mild,  compared  with  his  denuncia- 
tions against  tlic  senate,  soldiers,  and  people, 
and  jiarticularly  against  yourself.  As  I  was  in 
some  measure  instrumental  in  bringing  about 
tliis  contest,  I  feel  it  to  be  my  duty,  no 
less  than  it  is  my  inclination,  to  advise  you  of 
your  danger.  Let  me,  therefore,  conjure  you, 
if  you  are  not  weary  of  life,  to  fly  from  Rome 
immediately-  Contisoation,  assassination,  every 
thing  which  is  dreadful,  menaces  you.  Haste, 
therefore,  Iiastc,  out  of  the  city-,  or  to-ni^ht 
may  l>c  your  last.  As  it  will  be  imirasKible 
for  you  to  remove  your  family  with  the  neces- 
sary prceipitatioTi,  send  PoUa  and  the  young 
Briton  privately  to  my  house ;  and  I  will  ae- 
cretc  and  protect  them,  to  the  best  of  my 
power,  until  the  storm  is  blown  over ;  and  in 
the  meantime  will  use  all  my  endeavours  to 
allay  it,  and  will  not  fail  to  apprise  you  of  all 
that  concerns  you.     Vale !" 

The  consternation  ofLucan's  family,  oit  re- 
ceiving  this  letter,  is  indescribable.  Tlie  firHt 
impube  of  the  impetuous  Lueaii  was  to  read  it 


niK  tiouAst  IN  nitrTAiw. 

ibticlj',  uid  to  endcaToor  to  rotue  the  dti- 
It    to  irmt,  to  repel   tlie   connnon   d&nger 
availed  tbem.     Now  b  «q  opporliuiit}-, 
thought  he,  to  wreak  a    nation's  reDgeancc 
the  tyrant.     A  little  further  deliberation, 
iwerer,  owdc  him  sensible  of  the   cxUvioe 
of  such  ao  enterprise;   and   he  was 
led  to  abandon  it  by  the  rejection  that 
.  would  be  an  unjustifiable  return  fortheldnd- 
lesa — for  such  thej-  aQ  deemed  it— of  Tigtl- 
w,  to  expose  him  to  the  hazard  of  the  Em- 
r's  fury,  which  would,  of  course,  bo  directed 
.  him  for  bavin];  betrayed  his  master. 
considerable  discussion,  it  appeared 
that,  on  the  whole,  the  best  course  that  could 
pursued    would   be  to    adopt    the     sug- 
Ntiun  of  'HgclliiiUN,    that    PoUa  and  Clau- 
should  avail  tliemselve*   of  his  proffered 
protection,  while  Lucan  made  hb  escape. 

The  only  obstacle  to  ttus  arrangement  was 
the  cstremc  rcludance  of  Polla  to  leave  her 
husband  at  such  a  crisis ;  which  objection  once 
rcmove<),  all  TigellinuVs  aclieoies  would  be 
easily  ocoomplistied. 

Uappily,  while  the  scales  of  Claudia's  fate 
still  oscillating,  Seneca  was  announced ; 


tTONEUENOx;  on, 


4tn<l  Km  countel  wan,  of  course,  aoxioasly  lo- 
licit«d. 

A*  to  the  immcdiste  depsrtare  of  Lucan  from 
Rome,  Seneca  entirely  coincided  in  the  pro- 
priety of  that  measure;  but  he  strongly  <ii»- 
suaded  Polla  and  Claudia  from  accepting  Ti- 
gellinus's  offer  of  protection:  for,  although  he 
could  not  penctr»t«  into  tltat  monster's  mo- 
tires,  he  knew  the  riliany  of  liis  heart  too 
well  not  to  suspect  some  evil  design. 

After  mature  deliberation,  tJterefore,  it  *ta  re- 
solved  that  m  Polla  vma  dcairous  ofsharingthe 
fate  of  her  husbond,  she  should  accompany  him 
in  his  exile ;  and  that  Claudia  should  return  to 
her  former  domicile  until  the  storm  were  past : 
for  although  Seneca  deemed  his  house  the 
most  opened  to  suapicion,  and  therefore  the 
least  adapted  for  a  sanctuary,  be  considered 
his  iair  prol^gi5e  at  all  crents  secure  from 
Nero's  persecution. 

Tlius  did  our  heroine  escape  for  awhile  as 
deadly  a  snare  aa  innocence  waa  ever  exposed 
to :  although  doubtless  many  are  the  snare 
from  wliicli  virtue  is  protected  by  the  kind 
vigilance  of  her  ministrant  angeU,  where  *he 
is  aa  unconscious  of  her  danger  aa  she  is 
ignorant  of  her  deliverer  1     Little  was  Scncci 


L 


THB    B0UAN6    IN    BBITAIN. 


19 


I 


Bwnre  of  Uie  peril  from  which  lie  had  n-scucd 
Clnudia:  Still  lc»  wns  he  nwiire  that  tic  had 
dranti  all  Uie  hostility  of  her  treacherous  foe 
upon  hiK  own  head  ! 

Tigeliinus,  heiiig  infomied  of  the  depnrture 
of  FolU  with  her  Iiusbnnd,  cuncludcd  that 
Claudia  had  aecunipaikied  them :  and  as  Se- 
aecs  had,  witli  that  prudence  which  long 
experience  alone  induces,  incuU-jited  upon 
her  the  nceessity  of  strict  seclusion  ;  it  wa.s 
not  until  the  iftpse  of  a  considerable  period 
that  her  asylum  was  discovered.  This  dis- 
covery, however,  led  to  fresh  machinations, 
more  foul,  mure  fiital,  thui  tliose  which  had 
been  so  happily  frustrated* 

The  great  object  of  Tigellinus  was,  now, 
to  seduce  his  intended  victim  from  her  pre- 
sent  retreat;  and  to  accomplish  this  purpose, 
all  his  vitlauouB  cunning  was  put  into  re* 
(|uisitiun.  He  first  attempted  to  uisiinuate 
himself  into  the  confidence  of  Seneca,  and 
tlius  obtain  an  introduction  to  his  pupil ;  but 
finding  that  his  character  was  justly  estimated 
by  the  philosopher,  and  that  his  unwonted 
familiarity  was  regarded  with  suspicion,  he 
resolved  to  effect  that  by  violence,  which  it 
teemed  in  vain  to  attempt  by  more  insidious 


90  8T0N£HENGB;   ob, 

arts,  and  determined  upon  a  no  less  audMsOOi 
pivcc  of  atrocity  tlian  tlic  murder  of  Stiies! 
This  was  too  bold  an  enterpruc,  liowcrer,  to 
be  undcrtukCD  nithout  powerful  coadjulon; 
for  there  wu  no  nan  in  the  mlra  to  oratfc 
esteemed  as  Seneca,  nn  attack  upon  wboa. 
there  w*>  reason  to  fe^r,  would  be  anireruDj 
resented 

Sensible  of  this,  but  undeterred  bjr 
difficulties  of  liia  undertaking,  he  rcsolnd' 
summon  the  Emperor  himMlf  to  hia  asmi- 
ancc,  to  whom  he  well  knew  that  thb  atlenl 
reprover  of  liia  ricea  was  peculiarly  kalcfd. 
To  fun  ttiG  smouldering  sparks  uf  antaxxbtf 
into  a  consuming  6aroc  of  hostility,  was  mon 
bold  in  the  design,  than  orduoUB  in  the  i» 
complishmcnt.  Addressing  himself  to  tit 
maater^s  passion  for  literary  distinctioii,  ibl 
trait  of  character  upon  which  he  had  ao  at- 
ccssfully  based  his  former  intrigues,  he  aitfolh 
availed  himself  of  Seneca's  recent  publiotiee 
of  the  tragedy,  from  which  I  have  given  • 
quotation  in  a  foroicr  chapter,  to  represent  the 
author  as  one  who,  after  having  attempted  ia 
vain  to  eclipse  the  Eiii|>cror  in  oratory,  hid 
now  presumptuously  aspired  to  excel  liiui  in  hit 


THE   BOMANS   IN    DRITAIN. 


21 


I 


I 


own  divine  art  of  poetry  !•  N»y,  feeling  that 
he  had  nuw  struck  l)ie  right  chord  to  produce 
Oie  dc&irad  ribnition,  he  farther  accused  him 
of  having  alto  incited  Lucan  to  contend  with 
the  imperial  Apollo,  having  been  instigated, 
M  he  obwired,  not  so  much  hy  his  insatiate 
love  of  fame, — though  tliat  reflected  no  honour 
on  htH  philosophy,  hut  by  envy  of  Nero's 
superiority,  and  a  mahgnant  desire  to  aveiige 
his  own  defeat ! 

Tlte  Emperor  hardly  needed  these  additional 
inoentireit  to  make  hitn  co-operute  witii  Tigei* 
linus ;  1>ut  though  ho  entered  witti  great 
alacrity  into  tlte  design,  the  popularity  of 
their  intended  victim  was  such  that  the 
remurNelesH  and  unscrupulous  tyrant  himself 
saw  the  necessity  of  using  great  caution.  To 
avcMd  public  odium,  therefore,  or  possibly  even 
a  general  insurrection,  it  was  finally  rc- 
solrc<l,  that  the  best  means  of  carrying 
their  purpose  into  effect,  would  be  to  subom 
Seneca's  fre«<lmaii,  Clconicus,  to  carry  off 
his  master  by  secret  poison. 


•  Tac.  Aaa.  xiv.  e.  it. 


S3 


arONBHEXOB;   OR, 


CHAPTER  III. 

He  Mw  a  p*lc  awl  (hirerinjt  forni. 

By  "lie  and  frr nij  hii|f([«ril  imiilr'; 
Her  rjr*,  (till  Willi  wiUi  pjuilon'i  ilorm. 

Beliud  th«  toowl  tbat  nliroiKl  liirr  head. 

TUB   CUHSK  or    NOV. 

CLEONrcus,  who  had  been  hired  to  sssasai- 
iiate  his  iTutster,  was  a  weak,  rather  (lian  « 
wicked  man,  and  mi^ht  have  sonred  S«nee»^ 
faithfully  and  contentedly  until  the  day  of  his 
death,  had  it  not  been  for  the  artful  tcmpcriog 
of  Xero'a  ^ents. 

The  perscH)  to  whom  the  ncgodation  of 
this  matter  was  chiefly  intrusted  was  one 
Jalius  PoUio,  a  tribune  of  the  Preetorian  co- 
horts, to  whom  the  custody  of  the  famous 
poison-vender  Locusta  had  been  ooromitted.* 

PoUid,  meeting  Clconicus  one  day  in  the 
street,  aifected  a  surprise  that  Seneca,  with 
such  a  magnificent  fortune,  should  allow  so 

■  Tte.  Ana.  sin,  oap.  15. 


TUB    ROMAXI   IN    BBtTAIX. 


ss 


■emnt  to  wcsr  his   ItrCTf,   wb«ii  Uw 
imcD    of  M  many  lesi  wnltfaj  penoos 
become  masten  uf  pnnoeljr  ftaliEUlBCatt 
'their  ovmi. 

The  simple  Cleoniccu  obterred,  "  that  Ins 

lived  in  a  still  more  frugal  and  abate- 

Qus  manner  titan  himaelf." 

"  Tc»,"  said   PoUio,  "  and  I  can  tell   you 

rbercfoTc ; — it  ia  merely  to  aiTonl  Itim  a  pre- 

for  j^ti^ng  his  sordid  dLxpusitioii  in 

ritholditi^  from  you  your  due/' 

Pursuing   this  artful   course,    and    feigning 

fcnpatliy  for  merit  so   unworthily   neglected, 

>  excited  the  vanity  and  ambition  of  Clcomcua, 

id  at  the  same  time  3  mistrust  of  bis  master's 

tivca.  and  thus  prepared  his  mind  for  U>e 

etbsh   seeds  of  covctousncss,  treachery  sad 

larder,  which  bo  was  about  to  implant. 

It  waa  a  long  time,  however,  before  tliese 

produced   the    desired    fruits ;   for   the 

of  character,  which  constituted  al- 

BSt  the  only  adaptation  of  tlie  soil  to  receive 

t,  waa  very  trnfavourablc  to  the  production 

actions  which  required  unusual  energy.     It 

not  until  after  scvcrml  interviews,  tliat  the 

■cdutc  Cleonicus  detcfmincd  upon  the  oom- 

lion  of  the  crime,  and  accepted  a  foretaste 


34  stokerknge;  or, 

of  Ills  future  reward ;  but  wboo  he  had  pro- 
ceeded thus  far,  the  scheme  hud  almost  proved 
abortive  for  vriiiit  of  xufRcient  courage  to  hold 
a  personal  conference  with  Locusta,  to  whom 
the  preparation  of  the  fatal  potion  was  en- 
trusted, and  from  whom  ho  was  to  receive 
instnictions  how  to  administer  it. 

The  uneducated  people  of  Kome  attri- 
buted supernatural  powers  to  this  hag  ;  and 
ClconicuH  was  so  far  from  being  superior  to  the 
vulgar  superstition,  that  his  terrors  were  tenfold 
mngnitieil  hy  his  guilty  conscience.  Iliricc  did 
the  fearful  wretch  assay  to  visit  her;  thrice  did 
his  cowardly  heart  fail  liim.  Menaced  at  last 
with  the  fate  which  he  was  commissioned  to 
execute  upon  his  master,  fcfUng  himself  ne- 
OGs»tatcd  to  go,  and  afnud  to  go  alone,  and 
at  the  same  time  fearful  of  communicating 
bis  purpose  to  any  friend,  lest  he  should  prove 
a  witness  rather  than  an  accomplice,  he  finally 
bad  recourse  to  the  pitiable  expedient  of  lalui^ 
with  him,  as  his  companion,  a  bUnd,  idiot 
girl  belonging  to  Seneca's  establishment,  called 
Uarpaste.  This  poor  half-witted  creature 
had  been  retained  by  the  philosopher,  after 
the  general  reduc^on  of  bis  household,  rather 
from  motives  of  charity  than  for  the  amuse- 


I 


THR   ROMAN*   IS    BRITAIN. 


25 


cut  rl«rivnb1c  from  her  eztraorilinsry  sajnngs; 

though   the    cnstom    of  keeping   jesters  at 

ftt  tiDie  prevailed  in  Rome. 

'llie   Biingular  fnntLtics    of    poor   tiarpaste 

letiinei,  indeed,  provokcil  n  smile  on  S«nc- 

grave  counteiiniice ;  Imt  ihey  more  fre- 

tly  nfTordcd  him  n  sut)ject  for  p)iilo)iopliic 

tation.     Of  the  rcflwtinnM  tims  suggest«<l 

bu  IdV  p4»itcrity  a  lingular  (tjieciinen  in  one 

hU  cpittleti,  where,  aAer  rebitinj;  that  this 

girl,   being  wholly    ignorant  of   the 

ure   of    her    maUdy,   had   considered    the 

knevx  tu  be  local  and  not  personal,   he  sub- 

jlina  the  reflection,  *  that  those  who  laughed 

this  demented  erctiture'ii  ignorance  uf  her 

■nfinntty  laughed  at  all  mankind ;  for  that 

am  blind,  and  doubly  blind,  inasmuch  as 

do  not  know  it.'*    To  return  to  our  nar- 

ivct— 

happened,  one  day,  that  poor  Ilarpaste. 
slidK  the  sliBi^on-s  obscure  her  sight,  and  not 
sing  able  to  eomprebend  how  the  darkness 
luJd  proceed  from  a  defect  in  her  own  vision, 
cicd  that  the  house  was  dark,  and  anxiously 
;cd  that  alie   might   be  taken   out  for  a 


•  V\d.  State.  EpliL  SO. 


VOL.    III. 


38 


STOVKBEXOe  ;   OR, 


little  cxcrasc  in  the  brighter  snnshine.    tier 
importunity    littrtng;   obtained    tlie    fulfikral 
of   her  singular  r«queat,    Clconicu*   BT«ied  | 
himself  of  the  opportunity  to  p>y  hta  dmdaA  I 
nsit  to  Locasta. 

All  things  having  Iwen  prcTiously  unn^ 
vith  Pollio,  Cleonicos  culled,  with  his 
companion,  at «  stnnge  looking  houM  ' 
purlieus  of  tlie  oelebrmted  Mamertine 
Upon  his  giving  the  door  a  aliglit  kick,  it  m  , 
opened  by  the  tribune  in    person,  who, 
having  Hati»1ied  himself  of  the  mental 
cility   of  Harpastc,  introduceil   tlicm  bo 
Locustn's  apartment,  vhieh,  from  ita  tuIIbI  ! 
cdliug,  solid  walls  and  encb)itc<l  situation,  if- 
pcarcd  to  be  one  of  tlie  ccIIa  of  the  prison. 

The  hag  vms  leaning  over  a  large  wood  Sn^ij' 
the  tight  of  whidi  she  was  counting;  very  caif 
fully  the  indvntalinns  in  a  notched  stieh.   1%* 
fitful  Hames  lighted  up  her  haggard  fntnreKMi' 
shed  a  lurid,  but  uncertwo  glare  over  licr  vlx'' 
figure.      Being    &    native  of  Gaol,  ike  *i  \ 
continued  to  wear  the  white  dresa  anil  dH 
brasen  girdles    in    which    she   bad  beca  m- 
customed  Co  celebrate  tlic  half  dmidicil  rite 
of  her  country. 
"  Loeusta  1"   said  Pollio,  aa  be  odnnoJ 


I     not 


TIIB    R01IAM8  IM    natTAIN. 

tawsnis  hor,  leaving  Cleoiticus  and  Harpasto 
jost  wiltun  the  door,  "  I<ocu.<(tA,  I  say !" 
\  Several  limes  did  lie  thus  acooot  her,  raising 
hia  voice  and  \-8rying  the  epithet  at  each 
repctitioti,  hut  with  no  cfTcot.  Sho  heeded 
not  his  cljunonr,  but  continued  to  pass  her 
\y  Sngeri,  resembling  liarpy'x  cUws,  over 
tlie  wand  whicli  she  i^rnKpcd,  nnd  to  press 
her  long  ebon-tipped  thumb-nail  into  Uie  in- 
lentalions,  to  assure  her  of  tlie  correctness 
her  calculations. 

•'  Mother  of  lielM"  at  U»t  roared  out  the 
ipatieiit  Pollio. 

"  Mold  <  til)  I  have  ^nisbcd  mjr  task,"  said 
tiifl  untcrrified  luig. 

Mutter  thy  cliarm  when  I'm  gone,"  re> 
1  Pollio  I  "  and  now  attend  to  me.** 
The  beldam  took  no  further  notice  of  this 
to  aajr,  with  a  malicious  grin,  "  Fool 


ihat  thou  art,  thou  hast  put  me  out,  and  1 
aat  now  begin  again." 

So  saying  she  deliberately  stirred  the  fire, 

d  recummcnccd,  from  the  extremity  of  the 

and,  with  the  most  provoking  sultcnness. 

Pollio,    though    almost    cttokcd    with   rage, 

:new  from  exi>erience,  tluit  it  would  be  vain 

to  attempt  to  divert  lier  from  her  purpose ; 

c  i 


stonbhbnob;  Oft, 

and  he  UioTcfore  oJIowed  her  to  pnioeed 
out  further  molestation. 

The  increased  light  of  tiie  fire  not  ooh 
tlirew  into  full  relief  the  Btrongly  inrind 
wrinkles  of  her  ghastly  countenance,  thinlj 
shaded  hjr  b  few  grisly  locks,  hut  revesM 
more  distinctly  the  vsrious  objects  whteb  IB^ 
rounded  her.  Tlicy  were  such  as  were  o»d 
in  her  hurrible  vocatioD;  some  of  thcis  a- 
Ureniely  fantastic,  but  moet  of  tlicm  too  dit- 
gusting  to  be  described.  Clconicns,  looksq 
towards  tlie  fire,  beheld  with  terror  a  tapai 
from  which  alto  had  recently  toni  oat  dr 
ptHsonous  secretion,  half  consamed,  and  ji* 
itppntTenlly  hut  half  dead,  writhing  amid  A* 
einheni.  As  he  was  watching  its  atng^ 
the  lliekering  flame  exhibited  the  man^ 
miiceritted  !ie4id  of  a  human  corpse,  with  Ik 
liookft  in  it,  just  as  it  luid  been  drawn  fromtb 
gemonia,  the  body  being  cunceated  by  tte 
form  upon  which  the  hag  was  sitting  1 

Tlie  trembling  frccdman  shuddered  sla^ 
convulsively,  and  cast  an  instinctire  1(nA  ^ 
wards  Lite  door ;  but  he  fuuml  that  it  ta' 
been  shut,  and  kit  egress  barred  by  the  pO- 
tentous  figure  of  E^>llio. 
Locusia,  having  completed  her  etladata"'' 


TUB    nOUANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


29 


clapped  licr  hands,  and  her  green  eye*  glistened 
ritli  joy,  as  she  roared  forth  with  n  fiendisih 
esticulation, — 

**  A  cycle  of  cycles  suve  one  1  A  cycle  of 

[eyelcn  save  one! — And  now,"  she  addi>(l,  ad- 

eiiung  benclf  to  PoUio,  "  what  waiitesttliou, 

•weet  Ron  i" 
"  I  want  the  sweetest    potion   in   all  yoor 
answered  he :    "  hut  first  put  that 
ch  of  n  snake  out  of  its  misery." 
Ah  !"  she  said,  taming  to  the  snako,  "  1 
did   not   mean   to  torment   lAee;   tAou  never 
iilidst  me  any  injury:"  so   nying,   nhe  thrust 
into   the   hottest   part   of  the   lire,    which 
osumed  it  instantly.     "  And  for  whom  is 
!iis  awcot  potion  designed  ?"  she  inquired  of 

iiio. 

My  friend  here   can  inform   you   better 

ban  1  can,"  repUexl  he,  lending  forward  the 

cmhling  Clcoiiicuit,    who   never  let  go   his 

rasp  uf  the  liund  of  the  unconscious    Har- 


Loensta  anxious  to  know  who  was  destined 

I  be  her  next  Tictim,  and  concluiting  from  the 

Fgeaturu    luid    appearance    of    liurinxte,  who 

advanced  with  tlie  iiesiiatong  diffidence  of  one 

rbo  is  blind,  that  she  was  the  person,  snatched 


so 


STONEDENCB  ;   OR, 


B  burning  brand  from  the  fire,  and  rudely  held 
it  so  near  tu  her  face,  ils  almost  to  singe  her 
eyduhes,  in  order  the  more  minutely  to  in- 
spect her  features. 

As  the  blaze  approached  her  sightless  orbs, 
Harpaste  exclaimed  : — 

"•in*  lighter!— "Us  lighter!  I  told  you  it 
was  not  dark  out  of  doors." 

*'A  fool!  a  bom  fool,  thou  hast  brought 
me  I"  exclaimed  Locusta ;  "  and  thou  irantest 
me  to  potion  her ;  perchance  she  is  one  of 
tliine  own  begetting." 

Ajid  so  saying,  she  set  op  a  fiendish  laugh, 
and  threw  the  brand  on  the  fire. 

**  Nay,  hope  not  to  potion  a  child  of  nuDe  ;** 
sconifutly  retaliated  Pollio. 

'*  Then  I  potion  no  such  child  at  all,"  said 
tlie  hag.  And  now,"  she  continued,  rainng 
her  voice,  and  snatching  up  her  notched  wand, 
"  hear  me,  Pollio !  Thrice  have  1  told  over 
tlie  number  of  Uiy  countr\-nien,  whom  I  have 
Hent  to  appease  the  ghosts  of  a  mother  and  a 
sister,  burnt  by  thy  accursed  general  Plautius, 
in  the  Druid  fires  of  Mona.*    The  number  of 

•  Vttut  ScbollMlc*  JurtnitMi,  Sttlt.  1-71,  kit '  Locvitain 
u  OalliU  ailrDoam  Kanfitjiu  ■  Nvranc  •odUis  (oinr,'  Ac. 


THE    ROMANS    IX    BRITAIN.  31 

tliem,  as  tliese  wands  shew,  make  three  cycles, 
save  cne  !  Four  score  of  Itoman  knights  and 
Aoman  nobles  has  \hj  kind  Emperor  sacrificed 
to  my  revenge !  The  young  prince  Britanni- 
du  headed  the  train.*  I  spared  not  his  youth ; 
I  heeded  not  his  beauty ;  I  regarded  not  the 
pride  of  bis  birth,  or  the  delicacy  of  bis  limbs ; 
though  my  heart  almost  yearned  over  him.  A 
murdered  mother,  and  a  murdered  sister  de- 
manded him;  and  three  score  and  nineteen 
hsve  since  followed.  One  more  victim  is 
wanted  to  fill  up  the  number,  and  to  complete 
the  great  cycle.  Thinkest  thou,  then,  that 
mxix  an  one  shall  be  a  demented  child — that 
I  will  crown  the  rich  sacrifice  of  Rome's 
dioicest  blood  with  a  daft  low-bom  bairn  such 
as  thou  mightest  beget  i  I  tell  thee,  nay  ! 
It  was  not  for  this  that  I  refused  thy  Empe- 
ror's offer  of  rich  possessions  in  my  native 
bndrt 

She  uttered  this  speech  with  such  unnatural 
Tdtemence,  that  the  very  lips  of  Cleonicus 
were  bUnched  with  terror. 

PoUio,  no  longer  able  to  suppress  his  rage, 
replied, 

•  Tte  Ann.  siii.  cap.  15,  et  leq. 
t  Sort.  In  Ncrm.  33. 


52 


BTONBilBNGB  ;   OR, 


"TTiou  mother  of  hell,  and  <]ae«n  of  the 
furies !  who  wanted  thee  to  poison  this  child  ? 
'Tia  well  that  a  maniac  should  pity  a  fool ;  bnt 
if  your  tijteKs  maw  is  too  pampered  to  relish 
plebeian  blood,  here  is  one,''  pointing  to  Cleo- 
nicus,  "  who  will  tell  yon  bow  yoa  may  slake 
your  hellish  thirst  upon  something  more  deli* 
aitc." 

She  now  fixed  her  pnralyzinE;  gaac  upon 
Clconicus;  but  he  was  too  mudi  terrified  to 
utter  a  word,  or  even  to  stand  witJiout  sop- 
port. 

After  s  pause,  however,  and  with  considerable 
assistance  from  PoUio,  Cleonicus  contrired, 
at  length,  to  falter  forth  his  commission,  and 
to  pfirc  such  a  description  of  his  master's  habits 
of  life,  as  would  enable  Locusts  effectually 
to  compound  the  deadly  draught.  This  task 
xhe  performed,  indeed,  witli  undt^;ui!tied  plea- 
sure, observing,  as  she  put  the  colourless  fluid 
into  the  trembling  hand  of  Cleonicus,— 

**  Put  a  drop  of  this  into  the  old  man's  cup, 
nnd  I  warrant  thee,  he  who  drinks  this  tlnnts 
no  more." 

She  then,  with  frantic  step,  trod  the  con- 
cKiding  evolution  of  the  mystical  dance,  in 
which  »hc  had  oflen  joined  around  the  hnzen 


( 


THK    BOUANB    IN    BRITAIN. 

cauldron  at  the  Kame  time  liolding  aloft  the 
poisonous  pliiiJ  from  which  she  had  supplied 
Cleonicus,  iti  her  withered  hand,  and  screaming 
again  and  again,  in  a  wild  and  terrible  manner, 
and  ill  the  Uallic  dialect,  the  couplet  which 
concluded  the  chaunt  of  tlic  nine  sibyls,  as  the 
last  ingredient  was  thrown  into  the  magical 
caldron : — 


'  To  ilinc  (oarKOR  I  add  but  om. 
Anil  tlioo  UKiMTiitco  11  lions!" 


j^ea 

H     She  then  dashed  the  contents  of  the  poino- 

Hbous  phtnl  into  her  mouth ;  and,  horrible  to 

Hrelate,  fell  down  dead  instAntaneoualy! 

H     TIte  horror  and  alarm  of  CIconicus  may  be 

^Hmngined!      He  staggered    out,  he  knew  not 

how,  aiid  reeled  forth,  he  knew  not  whither. 

He  could  scarcely  he  said  tu  have  recovered  his 

senses,  until  he  had  reached  tlic  bankji  of  the 

Tiher,   which  were  full   three   quarters  of  a 

^pnile  out  of  his  way ;  tlie   sight  of  this  river 

'     bBTing  recalled  his  wnndering  intellects,  one  of 

the  first  thoughts  which  presented  itself  was 

tlie  determination  to  tlirow  the  deadly  potion 

^nto    it.     He  bad  artually  drawn   the    care- 

folly-enfolded  phiul  from  Ids  bosom  fur  this 

purpose,  when  hia  arm  was  stayed  by  tbe  hand 

03 


34 


stonehbnob;  or, 


<i(  Tigellinus,  who  had  watched  and  fenced 
htm  from  PolUo's  door. 

l^ellmus,  seeing  hut  bcn-ildcrod  oondiban, 
soothed  his  disordered  mind  in  the  hest  ion> 
ner  he  could,  telling  him  that  the  old  bddin 
was  phrensied,  and  that  there  was  notlui^  Id 
be  aLarmed  at:  ho  added,  moreaTcr,  tbat 
having  gone  so  far,  ho  had  involved  the  lira 
and  reputations  of  his  employers,  andrendend 
it  neoewary  for  them  to  enforce  the  eotofk- 
tion  of  the  undertaking.  Having  thus  dtati 
the  door  against  a  retreat,  he  recommeodof 
circumspection  and  courage ;  and  left  a  haad- 
aome  douceur  in  his  hands,  as  a  further  earned 
of  the  reward  which  avraitcd  him.* 

Could  Seneca  have  knon-n  tite  fated  hour, 
it  would  have  cauaed  him  less  perturbtition  tin 
that  which  tacked  the  breast  of  Cleonicut  dnrioc 
the  dreadful  inicn'a)  of  suspense.  IndependMA 
of  the  compunctions  of  consciencecoinddoflP 
such  an  undertaking,  the  attempt  itsdf  ni 
rendered  peculiarly  difficult  in  consequcore  d 
Beaec&'ft  abstemiousness  ;  for  since  hit  pvlal 
rctircmcnl  from  court,  he  had  lived  on  thetiMt 
simple  diet  n-hich  could  be  procured,  dry  bra' 

•  TVit  Abb.  a»,  e.  4^. 


TBB    nOUANS   IN    BRITAIN. 


S5 


nu 

"■■I 


wild  apples  con>tiCuting  hU  food,  mid  his 
rink  being  tlie  crystal  stream.     Tliis,  and  all 
!other  dillicultiesi  were,  however,  at  length  sur- 
lounted  by  the  ingenuity  ol'  the  conspirators ; 
day  was  lixed,  and  the  colourless  poison 
WON  actually  blended    with  the  water  to  be 
drunk  by  Scn«ca  untti  his  meal. 

IIarp«stc  hod,  immediately  olU'r  her  %'isit 
to  Locuslb's  cell,  repeated  various  small  Trag- 
lU  of  the  oonrersotion  wliich  had  token 
there,  but  in  such  an  unconnected  mail- 
er iM  not  to  excite  the  smallest  suspicion, 
'o  prevent  ill  consequences^  however,  Cleoni- 
:u9  iiad  contrived  to  find  her  employment  in 
her  own  apartment,  until,  she  having  ditcon- 
tiiittod  these  repetitions,  and  her  slight  remi- 
niscences of  the  transaction  a)ipearing  wholly  to 
ve  vanished,  furtlier  caution  seemed  unticces- 
«ary.  It  hit[>pened,  Uiereforc,  on  tins  day,  that 
she  was  in  the  Triclinium  winding  Mn«  nlken 
cord  for  Claudia,  who,  commiserating  the 
recent  malady  which  tlie  [»oor  girl  herself 
seemed  so  touchingly  to  bemoan,  bad  kindly 
assigned  tier  tlits  task  for  an  amusement. 
The  dread  moment  had  arrived.  Seneca  was 
king  his  frugal  repast;  and  Clcooicus  was 
Ijnitting  the  deadly  draught  into  his  moster'a 


3G 


8TONBIIKMOB  ;  OR, 


extendeJ  liantl^when,  singularly  enougli,  Har- 
jiaste  natig  out  Locusta's  last  couplet  :^ 


"To  ihetii  foiirtcon  I  add  tint  one. 
Anil  llirn  tlii:  tUriRCT  i»  dOO(." 


The  whole  of  tlie  scene,  in  which  these  mystic 
hnes  had  been  uttered,  was  at  once  recalled 
to  the  afiVighted  imagination  of  Cleonicus. 
lie  dallied  the  cu|>  to  the  ground  ;  fell  at  his 
master's  feet,  and  confessed  the  whole ! 

History  is  silent  whether  the  philoso- 
pher exercised  that  forbearance  towardx  his 
freedman  which  he  has  inculcated  in  his  in- 
genious, hut  prolix  strictures  Dc  Ira;  but  it 
suthces  us  to  know,  that  to  the  trepidation  of 
this  noviciate  in  vice,  Seneca  was  indebted  for 
his  life,  and  Claudia  for  more  than  life ! 


I 


TIIS   ROMANS   IN    aaiTAIN. 


37 


CHAPTER  IV. 


I  kin  neither  llw  ichoUT'i  melBncfaol;  mhlch  b  miuU* 
not  tliK  Binttdan'i,  which  1*  fintuilrkli  nor  ibv 
ar't  which  it  pn<ii4;  nor  thv  aoldirt'i  which  it  auibl- 
i;  nor  ihe  lawyer'!,  whifh  U  pelitjci  not  the  ladjr^ 
■hich  i>  nin  I  DOT  the  lover'i  which  li  all  Ihde :  bm,  it  b 
■  DicUiMtmljr  of  my  owb,  (onipounded  of  nioajr  tlnplM, 
■xiricud  (n>in  ii»dj'  object*. 

«*  **0  LIKK  IT. 


k 


Sbnrca  found,  as  I  believe  till  have  found 
i-lto  liare  taken  the  cliarge  of  a  young  heiress, 
that  he  CMuld  hirdljr  liarc  imposed  upon  him- 
■elf  n  more  arduous,  or  rcttponsible  duty.  The 
confeuion  of  CleonicuM  had  opened  his  eyes  at 
once  to  the  perils  which  Hurrounded  Claudia, 
and  menaced  all  those  who  should  attempt  to 
befriend  her-  The  only  cfieclaal  remedy,  he 
perceived,  was  her  recall  to  Britain,  and  tliis  re- 
call lie  adopted  measures  to  procure  as  speed- 
ily  as  possible ;  but  in  the  meantime  he  waa 
necessitated  to  provide  her  another  sanctuary, 
u  it  was  evident  tliat  his  own  hearth  would 
afford  lier  no  protection.      Important,  liow- 


38 


GTOxensNaE;  or. 


ever,  as  was  her  immciliikte  removal,  it 
not  an  easy  task  to  know  how  to  dispoM  oS 
her ;  for  in  these  perilous  times  proscriptioas 
menaced  nil  who    were    virtuous,,  and  tbcK 
»ccm<:d  to  l>e  no   reatntnt    whatever  for  iht 
Ticious.     After  having  revoh-ed  this  |)«rplesinc 
matter  in  his  mind  for  some  time,  he  deeitled 
on  placing  her  under  the  care  of  a  lady  of  tlir 
name   of  Poinimnia   Gnccinn,    the   widow  d 
Aulus  Plautius,  who  had  lately  died.    7Ui 
high  bom  lady  seemed  to  be  eminently  qnsH- 
lied  for  this  charge,   for   many    reasons:  bal 
tliosc  which  principally  biassed  Seneca  in  tk 
aclectiuii  were  her  secluded  habita,  and  the  ii> 
terest  witieh  she  felt  in   the  Britons  as  d  as- 
tion,  from  having  been  made  liimiliar  with  Mt 
h«t)its  by  lier   husband's  oonqoests   in  tbi 
island. 

Few  poTBons,  eren  in  th«c  trooblous  tnMSi 
had  experienced  more  sorrow  than  Pompoeis: 
but  the  aRliotion,  which  she  appeared  lo  b^ 
wail  most)  was  Uic  bereavement  of  her  beil- 
loved  friend  Julia,  the  daughter  of  Drusos,  who 
had  been  torn  by  violence  from  her  bu«oDi,trliit)i 
had  left  her  quite  inconsolable.  '  For  forty  lon| 
years,'  says  tlte  hiHtorian,  'she  jMnediagfM' 
for  the  loss  of  Iter  friend ;  during  which  tiiM 


THE    ROUANS    IN    BBtTAtN. 


39 


■he  did  not   lay  aside   her  mourning  weeds.' 

Sucli  fidelitr  in  Iricndship,  at  a  time  when  the 

aost  heartless  insincerity  gencniUy  prevailed, 

Bveii  aanctity  to  licr grief  n'liicli  pmcrvcdher 

/e,  and  has  perpetuated  her  memory'.* 

Every  hcsrt,  liowover,  knows  its  own  bitter- 

is ;  and  if  sorrow  is  somctinies  concealed,  the 

)  of  it  is  still  more  often  disguised.    I  would 

lot  derogate  from  the  claims  wliich  this  sorrow- 

Lsdy  has  on  our  admiration  for  the  ardour 

ad  long  continuanceof  her  affection;  but  could 

ler  hi-art  have  been  Hcnitiaized,  otlier  catises 

vouUl  liave  been  found  for  her  halnttial  mc- 

incltuly  besides  the  death  of  her  friend,  or 

lier  more  recent  bi-reavement  of  her  hosband. 

rime  would  have  dried  up  her  tears  if  there 

liad  not  been  a  secret  well-spring  from  wtucb 

llfaey  were  constantly  renewed.    Fourteen  yean 

[had  now  elapsed  since  her  fHcnd  had  fallen  a 

rietim  to  the  treacherous  arts  of  Messalina;  bat 

in  event  had  since  happened  whidi  had  atili 

[more  affected  her  hap]>iness.     She  had  been 

[aoeoaed  of  a  cai>ital  crime — that  of  having  ero- 

IbrKed  a  foreign  MUperilition  !  She  had,  indeed 


'  Tte.  Ann.  Km,  3S. 


40 


stonkiiknok;  ok, 


lieen  declared  innocent;  bat  from  tbedftTOl 
iter  aoquittAl  ber  habitual  melancholy  bad  ia- 
criauwd  teiifuld :  nor  will  mj  readers  be  sat- 
priMd  at  Uiit  circumstance  wben  infomd 
that  the  foreign  superstition  with  which  ibt 
had  been  charged  was — the  Chrirtian  it- 
ligion  !• 

Tliis  acciuation  had  been  referred  to  the  ju- 
dicial cognizance  of  her  husbai>d,  nlw,  id  ow- 
formity  witli  aiKient  usage.f  liad  lummoi^d  « i 
nombcr  of  h«r  relations,  and  rat  in  jiidgDiat  { 
upon  her. 

On  being  brought  t>efore  tlie  ahrine  of  Jb- 
piter,  when  incenae  wai  given  to  ber  u  im 
ficc,  Pomponia  pale  and  tremUing  oaat  an  io- 
quiring  look  u)K>n  the  stem  countenance  of  bv 
warrior  lord ;  but  there  she  rend  the  Ann  it- 
solve  that  idTectioii  should  yield  tu  justice.  Ski 
hesitated ;  the  semblance  of  her  dying  frin't 
with  her  pallid  countenance  distorted  with  tat 


■  "SiipFntiClonis  EiternM."  In  refctoiM  lo  vhick  ll 
tier  obwivct,  Hlc  odiosA  puncuF«lliM)«  dMifiMri  Clit^ 
oaiD  rcligioDem  apiaor.  Cwlcin  cat  Lip«0,  KkuMsl,  R]«ii 
et  EroMli  KnlcntlR.  Ac.    He  ttltoclte*  Fbilipp,  i>,  tt 

t  Hriuncciui,  Antiq.  Raman.  JuTitp.  i,   10.  a.  B,  nt  f 
Broticr. 


violence,  presented  itself  to  her  tmngina- 
Hcr  frail  tMture  recoiled  at  so  near 
|[ht  of  (Icith ;  and  she  threw  the  incense  on 
M  altjir,  and  was  consequently  pronoanccd 
tnoociit.  Ilcr  friends  applanded,  and  her 
■band  embraced  her :  but  though  restored 
to  favour,  she  was  not  restored  (o  happiness  i 
and  it  8L-4rmed  as  ihou^jh,  tofi;ethcr  with  that 
huhdful  of  incense  had  been  consumed  all  the 
element*  of  her  future  luppiness.  The  Itmg 
remainder  of  her  life  appeared  one  painful, 
prutracted  straggle  l»etween  eonviction  and 
indec-isiun.  Her  days  were  spent  in  brulcen 
resolutions,  and  her  nights  in  self-reproaob. 
ttieli  was  tlie  real  cause  of  that  anguish 
spirit,  which  embittered  the  life  of  I'om- 
inia  I  and  which,  too  poi^ant  to  l>c  wholly 
localed,  was  atuihutcd  to  inconaoEable 
Kcndfllitp ! 
Hod  ounrents  existed,  at  this  period,  and 
chosen  the  most  secluded,  CUudia 
could  not  have  been  plaeed  in  one,  where  she 
re  been  mure  retired,  ur  less  exposed 
mgers  which  had  surrounded  her,  than 
while  under  tlio  care  of  Paiti|wnis. 
r  li&d  not  odIjt  sliunned  society,  bot 


42 


stomhibnob;  os. 


society  had  ahunned  lier^  there  bans  nnw 
tiling  BO  doloroas  in  her  nunDer,  tb»t  cliw- 
fulness  seemed  almost  to  witlter  in  ber  pre- 
sence. 

But  though  she  was  but  a  cheerleu  eonp- 
nton,  and  CUudia's  pupillage  was  rather  tncn 
tristful  than  she  could  have  mabed;  sbeon- 
solcd  herHcIf  with  tlic  hope  of  soon  retsniidg 
to  Brilain,  and  n-tth  the  pleasure  and  seU^ 
probation  which  she  derived  from  her  atoiSao. 
That  th«s>e  studies  did  not  deaden  those  mi- 
able  sensibilities  which  soctncd  to  characteniB 
her,  will  appear  front  the  manner  in  which  tht 
referred  to  them  in  a  letter  to  Pudens,  wlicrn 
she  described  the  progress,  which  she  «■ 
makini;  in  her  literary  porsuils.  After  ststin; 
that  she  wns  reading  the  works  of  the  oldest  itf 
poets,  namely  Homer>  she  thus  contlnon  - 
"  You  cannot  ttiink,  my  beloved  Ihidens,  wW 
pleasure  it  gives  tnc  to  meet,  in  this  tU 
book,  descriptions  of  things  and  manners  ct- 
actly  as  they  now  exist  in  dear,  dear  BricisL 
I  almost  wept  with  ddight  to  read  that  tb 
chief,  whose  actions  form  the  snl^ect  of  tb 
poem,  was  accustomed  to  solace  hinudf  «ili 
his  har])  as  I  hare  so  often  seen  my  father  ds: 


THS    BOlfANB    IN    BBITAIN.  '13 

and  1  seemed  tniuported  to  Britaia  when  I 
read  the  foUowing  lines : 

Amucd,  il  eaae,  the  god-like  mao  Uicj  found, 
neu'd  with  Ihe  Mlemn  harp'*  hirmoDioui  Kiuod: 
With  thlihe  MKithei  hi*  weuysoul,  aod  sioga 
Th'immortal  decdi  of  beroea  and  or  kiogil* 

"  I  could  not  help  shedding  a  few  tears,  too, 
to  the  memory  of  old  Morgan,  when  I  read 
these  verses : 

While  this  gtj  friendly  troop  the  king  sditodwI, 
With  featiTsl  aod  mirth  the  roori  rEioundi 
A  hard  amid  thejofous  circle  Binge 
High  un,  attempered  to  the  TOCat  atriegt  !t 

*- As  though  the  good  old  poet,  who  muat 
have  been  such  another  as  old  Morgan,  liad 
determined  to  make  the  picture  aa  complcb: 
aa  possible,  he  has  also  introduced  ttru  dtjgs, 
as  accompanying  the  young  prince  to  tlie 
council  chamber,  just  as  Luath  and  Bran  u»cd 
to  foUow  my  poor  Brennus : 

Bright  in  hi*  hand  a  ponderoua  Javriia  lUMilt 
Two  dogt,  a  faithfot  guard,  attend  hebiad!; 

I  could  mention  a  hundred  other  line*  wliit;li 
remind  me  of  Britain ;  for  the  pixl  ttxttm  Vt 

•  a.  II,  lafi.      t  <M)«.  tv,  17.      :  imtm.  h,  lo. 


44 


STONERKNCe;    OR, 


have  had  jast  sach  a  country  as  Britam  d 
view ;  but,  I  will  only  instance  one  or  tirai 
tcenea  descriptive  of  the  piirnitive  habits  d 
his  heroes.  The  first  describes  the  Idr^'i 
daughter  and  the  Ladies  of  court  as  washie^j 
their  own  robes  : 


Then,  CDMtloui,  Ifac  rojnl  roba  th^  lave. 
And  plang*  tbc  vniarc  in  tbe  tleastt^  vatei 
The  Tenure*  deans'J  o'cnprawl  ikc  tiaOj 
Their  taorf  liutre  wblMu  all  ibc  Mr«ad.* 


Another  nhows  that  their  manner  oTi 
thoir  food  was  hardly  so  refined  as  annr  ^^ 
though  performed  by  the  united  labours  nt^ 
prince  and  his  nobles : 

III*  riicDd  Patrodui  a'et  the  blacinf  Brr 
Hvapt  in  a  lirai^n  vmp  ihnw  <hliiM  •nlirei 
'i1ie  liratto  vaw  nno4h«r  tt^twi^  tmOmut, 
Wbicb  detli  of  purkct,  thvfp  knd  p>*>  <«iitai»i 
AfIiIUm  at  Ih«  teolal  TcaM  pfnidr*, 
Tlir  pait  irnntfixe*.  aod  with  (kill  iirvim. 
Mnnwiiila  PatroelM  (wmu  the  fire  id  r«Mi 
Tbc  («t  ii  bnghtnM  irilk  the  robs  l>l<u&] 

"  The  last  ia  a  sketch  of  the  chieTi  ha 
which  is  even  more  sicople  and  rude  than 


•Od)rM.»l,T.90.        iAoumwAm.         I  a  II,  v.  » 


TItR   ROMANS  IN    BltlTAIV.  -15 

ler'fi,  of  whicl),  however,   it  n-ill  remind 


Of  Ar  iIm  roof  Itm  niMd,  and  «iTR*d  o'er 
Wttb  nfidi  collaeUii  rrom  tbo  miiriUy  iliore, 
Aad  feoodi  irtlb  p«li«adp>,  •  lull  of  ililc 
(The  wock  of  loldirn)  wIkf^  Ihv  bvro  w(*- 
Lirgc  n<  ihc  door,  vboBf  n-dl  fam|<acwd  (l(«n|(lb 
A  K)lid  piac'tns  bur'd  of  wand' torn  IcnBtb.* 

"  You  can  Itnrdly  imagini',  my  Pudons,  wiUi 
rhat  longing  pleasure  I  turn  from  the  artifi- 
.  Mid  empty  splcniJour  whicli  suTTound  me, 
tliv  xirnpticity  and  sincerity  of  such  scenes 
Uiosc.  If  tlic  poet  (IwcUs  on  them  with 
ch  miuuteitcss,  when  they  were  to  hicn  only 
naginary,  you  may  conceive  what  /  feel,  who 
now  that  they  are  real  ;  that  ihcy  are  such  m 
lUt  ill  my  own  comitTy  and  in  my  home; 
id  when  I  recognise  in  the  portraits  a  fnctui, 
I  brotlier,  and  a  father!'* 

11ie  princijial  object  of  Claudia's  letter  from 

rhicli  we  have   made  lliese   long,  but   I   hope 

Dot  wearuome  extracts,  was  to  request  Puden* 

to  consult  with  her  father  ns  to  her  immediate 

recall  tu  Britain  :  litth^  huwcrcr,  <lid  she  know 

Iriols,  awaited  her  in  the  interim. 


•  a  XXiv,  4M. 


4fi 


8TOKEHBNGB  ;   OR, 


PomponiEt,  ttioagh  a  wcAk  mid  wavering 
voman,  was  a  Chmtian.  Like  Peter  she  had, 
indeed,  denied  her  Lurd ;  hat,  like  him  site 
had  wept  bitterly ;  and  vras  now  n  sincere, 
thougli  a  secret  convert.  Painfully  sensible 
of  tlie  trutli  and  importance  of  Christianity, 
but  having  too  little  lutth  or  firmness,  to  de- 
rire  from  it  any  support  or  consoUtion,  her 
religion  was  a  colil  lianw  ministering  little 
hght  and  less  warmtli : 

Tlicrc,  in  lu  MCti*  n  wpukiirnl  lamp. 

Burnt  tliP  ilow  flnmc,  ctfCnnl — *■/  luumi 

Whicli  not  Uh<  durliiiMii  fl  dmpair  could  dkoip. 
Though  ruin  JU  tajwt  ithkd  iusv«rbe«i.* 

This  melancholy  lady  would  spend  a  oon< 
sidcrable  portion  of  her  time  in  study:  but 
what  subjects,  or  what  authors,  engaged  her 
attention,  Claudia  could  not  divine ;  because 
she  aJwiiys  put  her  book  carefully  away  when 
the  liad  done  with  it.  One  morning  as  they 
were  sitting  tc^ether  reading,  Ponipunia  occu* 
pied  with  her  Rccustonied  volume,  and  her 
companion  with  the  l^iwdo  of  Ilato  wtiidi  had 
been  recniii mended  by  I^idens,  Claudia  Itap- 
pened  to  remark  *  that  the  philosopher  seemed 


I 


THE   BOUAKS   IK    BRiTAIN'. 


ly  BO  confidrat  of  the  imroottality  of  the 

I  as  the  Druids,  fur,  that,  notw'itlistanding 

|tlio  strong  trguments  which  he  hod  adduced  in 

lupport  of  the  opinion,  he  .ttill  concluded  that 

lire  could  nut  know  it  villi  certainty,  unless  some 

fCod  would  instruct  us  on  the  nubject.'     On 

looking  up  for  a  reply,  she  perceived,  to  her 

■oriniso^  that   Poin[)onia   was  in   tears,    and 

emed  to   be  sutrering  some  violent  mental 

ruRgle ;  for  she  continue<l  inuttcring  sercral 

l>rukcn  sentences  to  herself,  in  a  tow  but  still 

Kudible  voice,  of  which  the  following  was  Uie 

loonclusion : 

**  Ah  well !  be  the  eoniKqucncci  what  they 

sy,  this  poor  strnngcr  shall  not  wander  in 

rkness  while   I  liave  liglit."     Then  turning 

Claudia,  »nd  handing  her  the  scroll  which 

lie  had  been  rending,  slus  said:  "Tliis  little 

book  will  teach  you  more   than  Pinto  or  the 

)ruids  ever  knew;  about  thcimmortality  of  the 

>al."    She    would    apparently   have     added 

^more,  but  tliat  she  was  t«)0  much  agitated,  and 

therefore,  concealing  her  face  as  niucli  as  pon- 

Bible,  «he  left  the  room. 

Claudia  opened  the  book,  as  may  be  sup- 
i  posed,  with  no  small  curiosity,  and  her  eye  fell 


48 


stonehencie;  or 


on  tlic  following  passage,  whicli  was  clistaincd 
vitti  tvnr.t,  "  He  that  is  asliameil  of  me  or  of 
my  wortU,  of  iiirn  will  I  be  asliamed  before  tny 
fatlicr,  nn<l  tlic  angvU  which  are  in  hearen." 
The  rcjider  need  hardly  be  informed  that  these 
words  occur  in  the  New  Testament,  of  whidi 
PompoTiia  had  l>een  perusing  a  fragment. 
Tliere  was  something  mysteriotu  in  them, 
which  induced  Claudia  to  read  them,  as  well  as 
other  passages  in  the  context,  more  than  once ; 
still  hkc  ihe  Eunuch  of  Ethiopia,  she  could 
not  understand  them  without  some  one  to  guide 
her.  Before,  however.  ah«  had  made  much 
progress,  the  timid  Pomponia  harried  into  the 
room  to  beg  her  not  to  allow  any  person  to  sec 
the  volume,  or  to  know  that  cither  of  tltcro  had 
read  it. 

Claudia  ha\-iug  calmed  her  pcrturbationB  on 
this  Huhjecl,  ventured  to  ask  her  tlie  meaning 
of  the  verse  which  we  have  quoted,  and  by 
whom  it  was  written :  and  Pomponia  feeling 
the  applicability  of  this  nvtful  reproach  to  her- 
self, summoned  cournge  to  enter  into  a  long 
detail  of  the  leading  principles  of  Chris- 
tianity. 

This  conversation  produced  but  little  im* 


THB  BOMANS  IN   BRITAIN. 


49 


mediate  effect  apon  Claudia,  further  than  ex- 
dting;  her  wonder  and  curiosity ;  but  the  sub- 
ject wua  aa  often  resumed  »  the  excessive  ti- 
midity of  Pomponia  vould  allow;  until  at 
length  the  lovely  Briton  became  a  sincere  con- 
vert  to  Christianity. 


VOL.   III. 


stonbbbnob;  ob. 


CHAPTER  V. 

"  C*  o'vti  pu  U,  TDul  la  Mrft,  U  iloetriDf  ilc  St.  I'm)  ■! 
Mile  qu'oa  profcne  dans  ootia  pgliw. 

Claudia  had  been  to  amUble  and  xo  bene- 
ficent before  her  oon*«moB,  that  the  ciuuige 
wrought  in  her  heart  scarcely  produced  any 
iHnMr  change  in  her  condnct  and  outward  de-  ■ 
nieanour ;  but  tlie  nunc  actions  were  now  per- 
fortufd  from  a  higher  motive     Tlie  deeds  of 
benevolence,  which,  before,  seemed  to  emanate 
firom  a  kind  of  instinctive  in)))uLse,  proceeded, 
now,  from  principle :  and  that  unfailing  streun 
uf  kindly  aflectiotta,  which  endeved  her  to  all 
who  knew  her,  and  which  flowed  sponUiteously 
froru  a  happily  constituted  disposition,  flowed  J 
on  as  usual,    but  derived  its  source  from    a  * 
higlx-r  and   purer   spring,   where  it   was  less 
liable  to  be  rendered  turbid  by  human  frailties, 
or  intermittent  by  the   parching  influence  of 
human   ingratitude,     '("hesc   kindly  affection^ 


I 


THE    IlOlIANa    IN     BRITAIN.  51 

too,  displayed  themselvea  in  a  different,  u  well 
as  more  extensive  manner ;  and  her  wish  to 
civilize,  became  the  desire  to  christianise,  her 
beloved  country. 

In  consequence  of  her  having  renounced 
paganism,  she  was  introduced  to  some  of  the 
principal  christians  at  Rome,  and  among  the 
rest  to  St.  Paul,  who  was  then  resident  there, 
and  to  his  influential  friend  Aristobulus.  Be- 
fore these  holy  fathers  of  the  church,  she 
pleaded  the  cause  of  her  countrymen,  and 
pressed  the  claims  of  the  poor  Britons  upon 
thur  attentive  ears  with  such  affectionate  zeal, 
that  she  induced  the  apostle  of  the  Gentiles  to 
tend  out  the  first  Roman  convert*  as  a  mis- 
aionary  to  our  island. 

Aristobulus  was  the  more  willing  to  under- 
take this  high  commission,  from  the  circum- 
stance of  his  having  had  an  interest  in  the 
welfare  of  our  benighted  ancestors  increased,  if 
not  existed,  by  the  nairativea  which  he  had 

■  AmlobuluB,  trho,  oar  chrooiclti  reliite,  anffered 
MUtfTdom  on  fail  Uadin;  in  Briuip,  ii  bclicTcd  to 
kan  becD  tbc  prrsoo  whose  houiehold  vm  ^reewd  by  St. 
Paul  !■  tht  Epiitle  to  the  Romani,  and  ii  auppoKd  to  have 
nceifiri  hii  coorcnion  od  tbe  diy  of  Penlccosl,  bcin;,  it  ii 
iaugtocd,  one  of  the  Romiiai,  lUted  lij  St.  Luke  to  bare 
bem  pment. 

D   2 


63 


aroHRRBNoe;  or. 


lieurd  of  tbeir  dingular  itu|x;nitiiM}a 
Pomponiii,  with  whom  he  lived  tn  intnucf, 
and  who  had  imbibed  from  him  her  finl 
nutions  of  chmtiutity. 

Although,  however,  Claudia'n  new  RJieiun 
did  not  jiroduco  anj'  very  msnife«t  altentka 
in  lti>r  outward  conduct,  it  most  wiaiiHy 
affitcted  her  feclin:^  uid  prospects  in  life,  to 
the  earl}- days  of  the  dinrch,  when  iu  uiflaiot^ 
according  to  human  t^cuUtioits,  could  otiljr  U 
luaiiitained  by  the  most  exemplary  demmxinr 
of  ita  members,  the  female  ooitTcrls  were  p»r- 
ticulitrly  a<lmonttthed  uot  to  sabji^rt  thcmwha 
to  tJie  temptations  which  mukt  nccesnriljr  b 
the  cDiiHequenno  of  intermarrii^e  with  idolaton' 
II  aho  too  often  happcaed,  either  that  doomtie 
|)eane  was  sacrificed,  and  reproach  to  the  watn^ 
cause  incurred  on  tliat  account ;  or,  on  dtf 
otlier  hand,  that  the  fortitnde  of  the  CbristiM 
yielded  to  the  persuasions  of  lore  or  tJ  Jtw, 
and  a  relapse  into  idolatry  enaoed.  CUndi^ 
had  constantly  before  her  k  moat  afeetia; 
illustration  of  the  unhappy  cmiu-quences  uf  a 
ditfercnoe  of  religion  bctvrren  the  liuabuid  mJ 
wife  in  the  case  of  Rimponia  Orvaim,  «Ud 
had  transformed  the  one  into  a  judge,  m 
otlier  into  a  culpliL 


THE    ROMANS    IN     DBITAIN. 


53 


Tt  was  to  obriate  such  estnngetnents  uid 

ipostasics,  that  St.   PauI  had   TeoenUy  given 

I  strictand  explicit  injunctions  to  the  infant 

charch  at  Corinth,  which  we  find  in  his  2nd 

Epistle  to  the  Cortnthtana,   "  Be  ye  not  un- 

equaUy  yoked  together  with   unbehevers :   for 

w1»t  (cllowsfaip  liath  righteousness  with  un- 

uteousness  i  and  what  eomtntuiion  hath  light 

twithdsrkntsB?    And  what  concord  huth  Christ 

I  with  Belial  f  or  what  part  lioth  he  that  bchcvcth 

nth  an  infidel  ?   And  what  agreement  hath  the 

Itempla  of  Ood  witJi  idols  i* 

This  subject  was  the  cause  of  bitter  affliction 
to  Claudia ;  and  her  mind  was  cnicUy  tortured 
with  the  atru^lc  between  faith  and  love — the 
Jiings  of  Heaven  and  those  of  cartli  I  Nor 
rss  she  at  all  assisted  or  solaced  by  the  timid 
[counsels  of  Pompoma,  to  whom  she  commu- 
nicftted  her  uneasiness,  and  who  vainly  advised 
Iter  notto  rack  her  bosom  with  unnecessary  scni- 
plsa.  "  It  might  be,"  she  told  her,  that "  Pudens 
or  would  become,  ■  Christian  before 
marriage — or  her  inllucnoe  would  undoubtedly 
make  him  one  aAorwaixls ;  and  there  could  be  no 
m,"  she  assured  her,  "  provided  she  felt 

*  Cksp.  6.  r.  u. 


54 


stonsrknor;  or. 


lufficient  con6denoc  id  her  own  ability  toi 
fttand  the  seductions  to  which  she  tnigbt 
exposed.  "Indeed,"  concluded Pomponi>,«ilh 
atrange  sclf-dcccptton,  "  I  think  it  bctnn  i 
vraitt  of  fortitude  to  shun  the  encounter  wti 
such  a  temptation." 

Nothing  can  exhibit  more  strongly  the 
trest  of  charnctcrs  in    these   two  indiTiduai^J 
tfann    the    simple    but    swnt-like    answer 
Claudia. 

<<  True,"   Bhc  replied,  with  tear*,  "  t 
that  it  does  bctrsy  a  want  of  fortitude;  taiV 
am   asliamed  of  it :    but  God   will   gnnl  at 
more,  1  trust,  befure  the  day  of  trial." 

One  might  bare  expected  tlint  Poeo|» 
nia*s  habitual  melancholy  and  timidity  mndd 
be  dispelled  by  licr  sister  convert ;  and  tM 
Kaving  been  the  honoured  means  of  coniliKt- 
ing  B  Umb  to  the  fold  of  the  church,  t^  i 
she  would  feel  a  portion,  however  soisil,  i^ 
that  pleasure  which  swells  the  bosoms  of  tte] 
bright  spirits  above, 

Wh«a  brntni  0^)07  proclna  (linMfh  HMVen 
Th«  triuniph  of  a  md)  fotyinB. 


Bat  no,  a  little  before  the  dreaded  d(;<'l 


THE    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN.  Sfi 

trial  arrived,  her  timid  mind  suggested  to  her 
the  possible  consequenoeB  of  her  own  conduct 
in  being  instrumental  to  Claudia's  conversion ; 
and  her  dreams  were  haunted  with  informers 
and  accusations,  and  with  visions  of  tribunals 
and  tortures,  and  appalling  apparitions  of 
death  !  She,  therefore,  entreated  Claudia  not 
to  divulge  her  new  opinions,  without  her  con- 
tent 

'*  Above  all  things,"  she  said,  "  tell  them 
not  to  Pudens,  as  by  so  doing  you  would 
expose  me  to  inevitable  death,  and  possibly 
draw  upon  him  the  same  fate ;  for  the  violence 
of  his  love  might  induce  him  to  renounce 
idolatry,  and  he  might  suffer  the  penalty  of 
martyrdom  in  this  life,  without  ensuring  its 
ftiture  and  eternal  reward." 

Poor  Claudia  promised  secrecy,  and  was  thus 
deprived  of  the  counsels  of  better  advisers,  and 
forced  to  bear  this  heart-rending  struggle  in 
aolitade  and  silence.  Had  she  been  able  to 
mbmit  her  case  to  St.  Paul,  there  is  no  doubt 
that  her  scruples  would  have  been  re- 
moved, and  that,  satisfied  with  the  sincerity 
of  her  faith,  he  would  have  encouraged  her 
love,  and  have  endeavoured  to  turn  it  to  the 


£6  8to:<ehknok;  or, 

conversion  of  her  intended  husbsad:  aiui 
she  might  then  have  been  another  Bertlia.*  At 
all  events,  she  would  have  received  guidance  for 
her  future  conduct;  but  this  coosolatton  wu 
prccludvil  by  the  cruel  promise  of  Kcrcsy  ex- 
turted  from  her  by  the  timidity  of  Pomponik 
Nur  vox  this  all,  iihe  was  nut  only  deprived  of 
ber  physician,  but  of  her  remedy ;  for  she  was 
debarred  using  that  influence,  which  affection 
itiitundly  gave,  in  attempting  the  conversion  of 
hvT  lover;  and  unconverted,  she  must  not 
marry  liim :  so  th*t  he  appeared  lost  tu  Iter, 
both  for  time  and  for  eternity.  The  dreadfiU 
alternative,  tliereforc,  seemed  unavotdab)^ 
eitlter  of  rcnouncini;  her  alliance  with  Pudons, 
or  her  connection  witli  llic  church — licr  love, 
or  her  religion — her  hu])piness  here,  or  b«r 
bliss  hereafter ! 

It  is  not  of  course  for  us  to  describe  the 
alternationti  of  thia  conflict,  which  were  known 
only  to  herself  and  Iter  Qod ;  but  some  idea 
of  the  pangs  which  it  cost  her  may  be  formed 


■  B*itka  w*>  tbit  qiiMMi  of  ibr  Anyio  Suan  King,  Kthtl- 
bcrt.  *Dil  brinji  ■  Chrntiun,  rirry  miicli  tMilitiileil  IW  intro- 
ducUoo  of  CliriaCMoiiy  intu  chrie  r«lm*,  5e«  I,  Corintb. 
7.  IS. 


TUB   B0HAN8    IN    BRITAIN. 


57 


from  tbe  circumBtance,  that  the  part  of  her 
MSS.  copy  of  tie  Epistle  to  the  Corinthians, 
which  contained  the  passage  which  has  been 
cited,  was  so  steeped  in  tears  as  to  be  perfectly- 
illegible  1 


D   S 


BTOKEBSNOe;  OB, 


CHAFrER  VI. 


Ab  wlieoce  )H>a  glu* 
Tb«t  fin*  tbeknliof  hmrcaf— tkUcUrtimdi 
Itlotliag  the  litrar  tnooo  ? 

•  ■  •  < 

The  ftUiag  bram,  the  ihrirk,  the  (man,  tbr  i 
Tbo  oc««l«MClaDgogr,  and  ibe  nub  of  oira, 
ImbriatawUfa  niei^lood  and  more  load 
Tlie  diKord  prowl  I 


It  was  It  calm  Kummer  erecing,  in  thei 
uf  June,  wlteti  the  galley  wliich  bore  Pudetiibt 
Kome  had  almost  gained  iu  tongexl-for  liarau 

A  lovelier  night  nrrcr  hushed  a  core-won 
wnrld  to  rc&t.  The  moon  shoDC  full  un  Uw 
'iVrrhenian  waves,  whose  ever  varying  suriitn 
)>rnke  the  beams  into  »  thoosand  lights  and 
tiliadcs,  and  exhibited  a  glittering  strife  of] 
heautiful  colours,  for  which  artists  indeed  havt 
no  name,  as  cativas  has  never  yet  repreaenteil 
them,  hut  n'hicli  bore  no  ilijfht  resemblance  la 


TIIR   KOMAMB    IN    UBITAIK. 


59 


dianging  huca  of  molten  metal.  TIw  only 
anund  was  tlic  pUsh  of  the  well-timed  okm,  and 
the  hOi&rsc  murmur  of  the  vessel's  prow  breaat- 
ing  the  briny  billows. 

The  sluggish  motion  of  the  lialMiecalmed 
ship  was,  in  some  measure  compensated  for 
l>y  the  tmnquil  beauty  of  tlie  scene ;  but  still 
Pudetis  eould  not  help  feeling  impatient  at  the 
dcUv ;  and  to  beguile  this  impntiencet  he  drew 
forth  his  tablets,  and,  reclining  on  the  deck, 
composed  Uic  following — 

ASACReoKTlC  TO  CUkUDIA. 


Til  t»Ml  on  th(  btiiatiful  >k]r  tu  fkUi 
Ai  the  nifbt  *l»al(  a'rr  prognMirrljr. 
^mt  U  nUb  ihrougti  ilw  cTruing*!  lilrpry  hmt 
Tk*  aur-btWB*  llil  autmitrily ; 
'B«i  'iiMf»  twN(*r,  my  CliudU,  tu  »«*cb  thjr  loft  rjrr, 
IVhrre  lore  thtda  iu  nuluncf  lo  fsfllwvuiljr  '. 

And  *ll>  MTtft  (a  Rpo«  ne*r  ibr  coral  «vn, 
>Vliich  tlie  naiiutt  of  omuu  h«T«  ibck'd  wllb  pnrt*. 

WWd  lk«  aiiiitc-brciittiicig  ttf/bjt  iirfcp*  om  tW  ii«r<>( 
ho  llct>ilr>  '■  KBKf  Ihe  lilk  p«aiim  wnfarii  i 

Bui  'iwerc  tivMter,  mf  CUudla,  Ihj  wit  lijn  lo  rMn> 
AjiiI  H  dhak  tn  Ikjr  Mal-toMhiKf  dgli  ot  ctrM*  t 


lardlj-  had  I'udens  liniahcd  these  voluptu- 
ous Btanxas,  when  his  attention  was  excited  by 


CO 


HTONSUBNOe;    OB, 


Ml  unusual  bri^jhtncss  of  the  atmosphere  in  tW 
(lir«ctJon  in  which  bis  ncU-tutored  eye  son^ 
for  Uie  cajiiud.  As  tiiey  approached  tlie  moatli 
of  the  Tiber,  the  ver)'  w-arcii  seemed  reddened 
with  more  tlian  a  sunset  glow ;  and  some  at 
the  supcrstitioaa  sailors  declared  that  the  river 
poured  a  Btrcam  of  blood  into  the  »ca !  Tu 
utcreasc  their  apprehensions,  an  old  cfaronicln 
on  board  reminded  them  Uiat  this  vas  llie 
anniversary  of  ttie  canflagmtion  of  Rome  by 
Uic  GauU  ;  and  that  precisely  the  same  jieriod 
had  non-  elapsiMl  since  the  GalUc  invasion,  n> 
had  intervened  between  that  event  and  tk 
foundation  of  Rome  :*  "And  tliere  is  do  doobtt'* 
added  he,  "  that  such  nlaioities  are  perw- 
dical,  and  that  suniething  very  similar  baa  bap- 
pen  od  now !" 

The  inference  scented  borne  out  by  the  facta: 
for  the  fcnid  atmOiiphcre  exhibited,  as  they 
advanL-ed,  u  more  uncquirocal  brightness;  and 
tliLshes  ever  and  anon  broke  forth  of  the  niu*! 
territic  magnitude ! 

Tlie  awful  truth  at  length  burst  upon  then 
utunisliiMl  minds,  tliat  the  ctty  was  in  fiames! 

It  is  impossible  to  describe  the  horror  nhJcli 


•  tie.  Ann.  XT,  41. 


TUB    ROUANS    IN    BSITAIN. 


61 


I 


thrilled  their  bearts  at  this  clisoovery.  Wu  it 
Another  Gallic  invasion  ?— And  had  the  enemy 
destroyed  (lie  capiial,  while  they  had  been 
establishing  peace  in  the  extremities  of  the 
empire?  Tears  rolled  down  tlio  roost  rugged 
el)eeka ;  but  they  were  tears  of  rage  nither 
than  grief,  and  prompted  by  patrioti&m  ratlier 
than  private  loss;  although  it  must  be  con- 
fessed that  diuppointinent  at  having  all  their 
hopes  thus  blasted,  was  mingled  with  nobler 
feelings. 

Pndens  dashed  away  the  scalding  drop  from 

his  eyes,  that  he  might  h&Te  a  moro  distinct 

Tiew>  still  dinging  to  the  hope  that  it  was  bat 

a  casu&l  fire,  but  whtn  he  saw  it    towering 

fnrtli  ill  all  dircetiuns,  it  appeared  too  unoqai- 

rocally  the  work  of  tncendiancs. 

M    '^ Ah  well  r  Boid  Itc,  "if  thou,  proud  city, 

^^  art  doomed  to  perish,  I  hare  not  come  from 

Briuii)  in  vuin  to  perish  with  thee ;  Air  base 

Hlndecd  is  Ute  man    who  can  survive  the« ! 

HT^ay,"  lie  added,  "though  thou  art  but  my 

Bedupted  parent,  1  shall  esteem  myself  happy  if, 

f  before  tliruwing  mywlf  on   tliy  funeral  pile,  1 

may  feed  tlto  flames  with  butane  of  thy  foesl" 

lisping  ashore,  in  a  stst«  almost  approach- 

tng  phreiuiy,  he  drew  his  sword,  and,  rushing 


C2  STONEIiBN'OK;    OR 


through  the  gates,  a&cended  the  Mount  Pala- 
tine, from  whence  he  had  a  distinct  view  of 
this  terrific  MOTDc.  At  first,  one  huge  pyramid 
of  flame,  whose  base  seemed  to  include  one 
half  of  the  cit^,  und  whose  summit  pierced  the 
clouds,  concealed  its  own  nhment  from  hu 
flight.  The  wind  becoming  more  violent 
huinhle<l  this  flame,  uid  sweeping  off  its  crest, 
reduced  it  to  one  \tat  level  l&ke  of  fire ;  out  of 
which  rose  the  mouldering  rains  of  temples 
and  amphitheatres,  and,  above  all,  tJie  bladc- 
ciicd  pile  of  the  Circus  Masimus,  rearing  its 
head  like  some  gigantic  roctc.  Again  the  fiery 
element  was  victorious,  and  the  lake  became 
an  ocean,  whose  fiery  billows  rolled  in  awful 
grandeur !  The  wind  once  more  passed  over 
these  billows,  and  checked  their  pride ;  and, 
like  a  forest  of  pines,  they  bowed  their  taper 
heads,  as  thougli  to  avoid  the  blast ;  but,  like 
the  pines,  they  miscd  tbem  again  almost  im- 
mediately ! 

Pu'lens  stood  for  a  moment  iil>so1ute1y  par- 
alysed with  the  appalling  subbmity  of  this 
spectacle :  his  sword  fell  lirom  bis  hand,  and 
■11  the  faculties  of  his  »out  seemed  absorbed  in 
astonishment!  He  soon  recovered,  however, 
from  this  puroxysm,  as  single  objects  of  deaio« 


THB    BOMAKS    IX    SHITAIX. 


63 


^ntion  arrested  his  attention.  When  he  behdd 
Btlio  thrice  ancient  fane  of  Evandcr,  and  the 
thrice  hallowed  temple  of  Vesta  in  flames  be- 
fore him ;  and  when  hu  saw  at  his  feet  the 
»chBpel  of  Jupiter  Statur,  and  tlie  pahuw  of 
Numa — the  one  coeval  with  the  city  heraetf, 
ind  the  other  witli  her  hiws, — already  a  ahape- 
leu  mass,  serving,  like  some  flood  maitc,  to  shew 
how  far  the  fiery  tide  had  reached, — when  his 
Bcye  wandered  orer  theie  ruins,  which  he  could 
hardly  identify ;  he  wrung  his  hands  in  e^ny, 

t«nd  hastened  down  to  tlie  scene  of  di-solation.* 
At  every  step,  his  way  was  obstructed  by  some 
inestiatahle  relic  of  religion,  or  antiijuity,  like 
wrecks  thrown  on  the  shore  by  the  retiring  sur- 
ges of  flame.  Here  was  a  mouldering  fragment 
of  the  palladium,  which  the  Vestal  virgins  had, 
with  peril,  snatched  from  tlic  consuming  tem- 
ple, and  were  now  wildly  wecpmg  over  iL 
There,  was  a  nioltai  niau  uf  Corinthian  metal, 
resembling  a  pool  of  uncooled  lava,  which  once 
had  been  a  beautiful  sutue,  Uie  pride  of  the 
temple  of  )>innn, «  hose  antiquity  and  illustrious 
founder,  TuUi us  llosliUus,  had  been  unable  to 
preaerve  it  from  the  general  destruction  ! 


•  n«.  Ads.  XV.  41.  «i  out. 


64 


flTOKKBBNOE;    OB, 


The  streets  of  Rome  were,  *t  nil  ticncs, ' 
intricate  antl  narron-,*  the  ground  apj 
be  iiromiKCuoualy  occtifued,  rather  than  laid  oiU 
ill  any  rei:uliir  design.  With  all  these  super- 
added uhxtructiorui,  therefore,  it  would  Ian 
bran  utterly  inipossible  to  thread  the  labyriDtli, 
but  f(M-  tlie  due  nffonled  by  tlic  l^ber,  whidi 
Dcver  so  n-ell  deser^-ed  its  t-pilhet  of  •yellow' 
■a  now ;  wlicn,  inatcnd  of  reflecting  the  goigeout 
palace  of  Nutna,  or  tlic  holy  temple  of  Vetb^ 
in  its  ])ride-swollen  bosoin,t  it  mirrored  H* 
flnmes  which  marked  out  its  bank,  content  la 
hurry  fum'ard  in  its  shrunken  channel,  nd 
rcwmUling  '  fierce  PhlcgctboD,  with  waves  of 
torrent  fire.' 

Had  Pudens,  indeed,  embarked  on  PUegt- 
thon  itoelf,  he  would  bwdly  have  bccu  waftad 
to  scenes  of  greater  desolation  and  misery  thui 
be  DOW  entered.  The  crash  of  falling  houset— 
the  groans  of  the  wounded — the  shrieks  of  the 
fearful— the  cries  of  tJic  helpless — and  Um 
l-mouns  of  the  tlyvng  ;  liere,  young  mco  perilUt^ 

•  Tur.  Ana.  Sr,  v.  38,ftooL 

t  Vldluiu*  SaTiUD  TlbentD,  rclorila 
UtloK  Etmca  vIokaM'  vM'u, 
Ire  drjfCtKiD  monuni«nla  RgtB, 
Ttioplaqx  VnUt. 

thr.lA.  utWr.r 


TtIK    nOMANS    tX    BBITAIN. 


6& 


^iKcir  lifM  in  earning  off  a  palsied  father — 
U>ere,  ddtoate  feiualcii  rushing  into  the  flatnea 
to  nrtt  their  children :  old  s^e  mdoljr  dragged 
forth  from  its  last  living  retreat ;  and  MckncNS 
unceremoniously  iitatchcd  from  its  cuuch ! 
very  coantenmiu  haggard,  and  distracted 
itb  fatigue,  terror,  or  anxiety  I  Fathers  ootint- 
or  reooonting  tlicir  I'aniilieit,  to  see  if  any 
mtMing,  and  seeking  thoM  again  in  tlio 
ire  wbu  were  only  ]mt  in  the  crowd  I  Harry- 
ing off  tliey  knew  not  whitber ;  did  returning 
■gain  for  tlii-r  kticw  nut  what!  Muhitudm 
trampling  each  otlicr  to  deatli,  becau«e  Uicy 
dared  not  encounter  such  a  calamity  altmel 

Hie  citizens  appeared  quite  panic  itruokt 
Podens  attempted  in  vain  to  Icam  from 
Ibeni  who  were  the  authors  uf  thia  direful  risi- 
They  Hcemed  too  distracted  la  under- 
stand lite  question,  although  often  repeated  [ 
nor  could  lie  get  any  Mtiiiwer  until  a  hiary 
headed  aenator,  whom  he  saw  atatidtntt  iMrrorn 
tlie  Temple  of  Vcims,  tearing  hU  venerable  locks 
and  bewailing  his  country,  )toinled  out  to  him 
a  band  at  Die  he*A  of  which  was  a  tall  Moor, 
who  happened  tu  be  one  of  the  Kinperur'a  eu> 
riiis   wretch  was   actually    applying 


I     iheni 


C6 


STONEnENOE 


a  torch  to  n  heap  of  prepared  oomliustibles 
jtut  wichin  the  porch  of  the  sacred  and  beauti- 
ful ediBoe  I 

Pudcns,  maddened  at  the  sight  nslicd  upon 
him,  and  translixitig  him  with  one  stroke  of 
his  sword,  left  him  weltering  amid  the  bviraing 
pile  which  lie  had  collected.  Ilis  mischicvotu 
purpose,  however,  waa  not  fruBtratcd  ;  fur  the 
torch  falling  fix)in  liis  hand,  i^iited  the  com- 
bustibles, and  the  flames  instantly  communi* 
oatftd  nitli  u  painting  on  the  walls,  and  would 
have  reached  the  interior  of  the  building  if  our 
hero  had  not  torn  down  the  canvass.  Willi 
imminent  peril,  too,  he  directed,  and  assisted  in 
tJie  removal  uf  the  .slatue  of  tlie  goddess ;  hut 
was  not  so  fortunate  as  to  preserve  lier  custly 
shrine  from  the  depredations  of  plunderers. 

This  sen'icc  effected,  I*udena  thought,  u  a 
soldier,  that  the  Kmpcror  had  the  moAt  claim 
upon  his  sen-ices,  particularly  ajt  the  lire  was 
pouring  with  unabated  fury  along  tlie  Sacred 
Way,  and  towards  the  gardens  of  Miecenas.  in 
which  was  tlie  favourite  imiierial  residence. 
Nero  had  remained  at  Antium  hitherto;  but  as 
the  confla^;ration,  which  had  now  raged  for 
four  days,   was  approaching  Ids  domains,  he 


I 
I 
I 


TBS  BOif.k3i  r:<  3ajT.L;.-<.  ■:, 

had  returned  to  Rome.  Puiena.  ta:!:r^^.y. 
hutened  to  the  fmatx  '^  -.r-.ax  i-a  xssx- 
■nce. 

On  his  WIT  thitaer.  u  n  -ria  zass:r-x  -Ji-i 
Temple  of  Evil  Fcra::*.  w'z^b.  wis  ---.z  £1: 
from  the  girdens.  and  •wz.jix.  vu  '"^^^  — 
flaines,  a  most  affeccr;!  ^aL^Litr  corirrw!. 
A  palsied,  ^e-strifke:^  =*=.  w*4  i>:rr,«.  «■ 
rather  dragi^ed  alonz,  on  a  c:::i:'ier».c::e  co^cs. 
dose  to  the  burning  b^iildinz,  br  tw3  o:'  his 
■ona;.  The  cripple  had  obserred  a  uruH^^ 
column  a  fev  feet  before  them,  ab-out  vj  Tali : 
and  with  that  instinctive  impulse  wLich  terror 
■lone  could  supply,  he  Inpt  from  hU  much, 
■Ithoagh  he  had  not  been  able  to  use  his  limbs 
for  many  months.  The  burden  bein^  thus  un- 
ezpectedly  lightened,  his  sons  fell  forward :  and 
the  fiery  mass  was  precipitated  upon  them '. 
Half  crushed,  half  burnt  to  death,  they  strug- 
gled for  a  few  moments,  and  then  expired  in 
dreadful  agonies;  but  the  pbrensied  father, 
conscious  of  hanng  been  the  innocent  cause  of 
their  death,  seized  the  glowing  culumn,  with 
the  vain  attempt  to  remove  it,  and  never  re- 
laxed his  grasp,  antil  half  consumed,  although 
unheeding  his  sufferings,  he  shared  his  chil- 
dmk's  fate ;  while  his  wife,  a  respectable  lloman 


63 


HTONKHRNnK;   OR, 


matron,  who  had  followed  at  a  little  distance, 
was  only  prevented  hy  force  from  doing  the 
same.  Leaving  UiU  desolating  scene  witlt  feel- 
ings hardly  to  be  described,  Pudcns  hastened 
to  the  palace ;  but,  what  was  his  horror  and 
indignation,  when,  on  approaching  ttie  tow«i  of 
Mmccnos,  the  first  object  which  caught  his 
sight  wait  Xero  standing  in  a  conspicuous  yut 
of  tJ)e  Tower,  clad  in  a  stage  habit,  witli  harp 
in  Imnd,  singing  the  destruction  of  Troy,  and 
occasionally  interrupting  his  perfonuance,  to 
comment  on  tlie  sublimity  of  Uie  spectacle, 
which  he  wos  viewing  witli  infinite  delight!* 

Pudens  had  had  his  heart  almost  rent  with 
tlte  agonizing  shrieks  of  the  hel])less  victims, 
whom  he  lutd  just  left;  and  the  nioims  of  the 
bereaved  mother  were  still  ringing  in  his  ears : 
but  these  were  musifi,  compared  with  tJ» 
mocking  strain  which  issued  froRi  that  accursed 
harp,  which  faithfully  responded  to  the  inhu- 
man pleasure  which  the  tyrant  felt,  and  which 
the  poet  Las  so  well  described  :^ 


I1i|{b  ovvr  fl>imiii|[  Rome,  villi  Mripjojr 
humt'd  l<kc  a  ficDd,  drank  with  cnriptarvd  otr 
Tk«  itirick*  of  igooiiing  dnih,  bebeld 

•  SmtU  in  N«r.  38. 


I 

I 


THK    ROMANB   IX    BRtTAtN. 


69 


n*  fniMfnl  dnolMlM  i 

A  vrv  crralcd  ttmtr  attkla  hit  MVl 

Thhl)  10  rW  ■i|lH,  Mid  vihntf  toteaoMi! 


WtuUever  lojrvlty  our  hero  feh— and  be  wu 
deroid  of  that  ennobling  quality,  without 
bicb  a  soldier  would  be  little  better  than  a 
bomictdc — it  wma  ooonlerbalanced 
'  tbe  dii^pist  excited  by  the  Emperor's  cod- 
tt  bt  retolTMl  not  u>  mar  hit  wwf 
' '  but,  leaving  the  imperial  domaini  lo  the 
'  of  tbe  le«!i  merciless  element,  to  uic  hi* 
Ibrta  where,  if  not  bctttrr  employed,  they 
sight  be  better  appreciated. 
He  could  hare  wished  to  present  liiraaelf 
fore  his  mistress ;  but  fcelin«  assured  that 
lie  residence  of  Fomponia,  from  its  situalion, 
rss  not  exposed  tn  any  danger,  he  fdt  it  hit 
ity  to  attend  to  the  cnlls  of  tiunumily  rather 
Sian  obey  the  dicuu-s  of  love ;  and,  therefore, 
I  hia  credit  l>c  it  spoken,  he  did  not  remit  hit 
KCrtJona  til  that  night,  nor  tbe  ensuing;  day,  but 
3ntinue<lhis  Inltoun  until  lie  was  ao exhausted 
)y  fatigue  that  lie  could  hardly  crawl  to  a  ta- 
1 1  (ircat  at  were  his  exertions,  liowerer, 
lie  was  not  without  reward ;  for  the  preserra- 
'tion  of  a  considerable  part  of  tlte  city  was  tlie 


STONEHESaS}    OB, 

consequence  of  his  judicious  counBcIs,  in  nig- 
ing  the  pulling  down  of  several  large  edifices 
on  the  Esquilian  hill,  by  which  means  the 
prof^ess  of  the  flnmc^  was  nrrcsted.  Never- 
thelcSK,  uti  retiring  to  rest,  the  next  crcning,  be 
vns  so  fatigued,  that  iwturithstanding  tli«  din 
and  tumult  which  prevailed  around  him,  be 
slept  for  nearly  twenty-four  hours  without  in- 
termission i  and  on  awaking  from  his  »ap  had 
the  pleasure  to  find  that  the  oonflagration  liad 
ceased  I 


TUB   BOMAKS   IN   BRITAIN. 


71 


I 


CHAPTER  Vir. 

Oti!  M«  not,  Hin<l*,  io  iW  powpr 

Of  Fuiry'i  moil  icrriSc  loocb 
To  iMint  Ibjr  pingi  in  ikji  drnd  bour. 

Thy  illcDl  •gonr — 'twin  (acb 
Ai  tliow  aho  fvrl  loiild  palnl  loo  vcD, 
But  none  c'rr  tvll  unil  lirwil  U>  (ell. 

LALIA  RMEU. 

PcDBNs,  Itaring  diacti&rged  his  duties  to  th« 
,pul)lic,  now  Attended  to  his  onm  private  affun, 
Mid  hastened  to  »ee  the  objexrt  of  his  affections ; 
liut  not  uitlil  he  had  unpiickcd  k  beautiful 
occkJaoe  or  corslet  of  pearls,  which  he  had 
been  commissioned  by  Arviragus  to  convey  to 
his  daughter,  to  enable  her  to  make  a  suitable 
pre&cnt  to  Iier  kind  protectress  Paulina. 
Having  carefully  placed  this  in  his  bosom,  he 
nlmo«l  flew  to  ihc  house  of  Pomponiit.  There, 
fmh  as  a  young  eagle — in  atl  the  hluom  of 
health,  and  with  eyes  radiant  with  lore  and 
hope,  he  presented  himself  at  the  door,  and 
liorrying  impatiently  puat  Uic  porter,  his  ani. 


7-' 


STONEHENGK  ;   OB, 


val  was  hardly  nnnounoed  before  lie  clasped  liis 
loved  Claudia  in  lii.t  nnms  1 

Hi)  imi^ination  had  been  feastjag  on  her 
bcautip-^in  liisdbKCncc;  and  remembrance  of  her 
Iiad  solaced  many  a  tedious  hour,  wlieii  the 
slug^sh  wave  seenicd  resolved  to  hear  him  no 
further  in  his  loncljr  course  over  tlie  wide  sea. 
Rt^ality,  however,  exceeded  even  imagination! 
Ilis  mistress  uan  more  beautiful,  hecAUse  more 
womanly  than  when  he  partial  from  her,  and 
her  palcnc&s  tinw  vield^d  to  titc  most  witching 
blushes.  Happy  youth  I  His  mi<hiight  watch- 
ings,  and  weary  marches, — and  ocean's  perils, 
all  seemed  compensated  by  the  ropttire  of  that 
embrace '. 

But  who  shall  describe  the  feelings  of  Clau* 
dia  !  She  would  have  fain  withheld  her  eyes  from 
encountering  her  lover's,  bat  she  could  not  help 
stealing  a  timid  glance^  at  his  fine  soldier.likc 
figure,  and  handsome  face,  which  jiresented 
a  striking  contrast  with  the  pallid  features  halt 
shrouded  with  sea-weed  which  still  remained 
imaged  in  her  roind.  For  n  moment  her  opi- 
nions, her  resolves — heaven  itself  was  forgot- 
ten :  her  soul  was  melted  and  absorbed  by  tJw 
passionate  glaitces  of  tliose  eyes  whi^  now 
seemed  to  durt  sunbeams.  She  sank  almost 
overpowered  in  bis  anus,  but  was  soon  re- 


TnS    RnHAKfl    IN    BRITAIN. 

call^  to  consciousiiuBa  by  Ins  burning  kiuen, 
which  he  showered  like  lava  upon   her:    re- 
turning consctousnirss  brought  with  it  >11  those 
feelingn,    whicli  had  been   banished   but   mo- 
mentarily  by  surprise ;  nnd  a  sense  of  her  situa- 
tion,  of  lier  destiiiies^  nnd  of  her  duties,  at 
once  Auhcd  across  her  mind.     She  gently  dis- 
enga)i;ed  hcrxclf,  and  was  at>out  to  summon  nn 
expression  of  reserve  which   would   hnvc  re- 
sed  the  too  ardent  advances  of  her  lover ; 
ut  tlie  gaze  of  pauion,  with   which  he  6nt 
[reeled  bcr  had  suhnded  into  a  smilo  so  unot- 
rably  kind,  Uiat  again  she  felt  lier  courage 
ane,  and  lier  heart  dissolve,  as  it  had  done 
'ore.    Tears,  hat  not  words,  flowed  for  her 
lief;  hut  tliey  drew  from  Pudens  such   com- 
paaaionnte  teiidenie»s  as  only  increased  them ; 
an<)  had  he  n<»t  wisely  ceased  to  soothe,  they 

tglit  have  dowed  for  ever. 
As  earthly  weakncaa  tlins  oblied  forth  in 
m,  celestiul  resolution  scvnicd  to  supply  ita 
place.  Bat  oh  I  what  a  cruel  resolution  di  J  it 
appear!  "Must  I,"  thought  she,  "destroy  his 
long  and  fuitlifully  cherikhed  hopes;  and  what 
is  worse,  not  tell  (lirn  wherefore  ?  Oh  God  !" 
she  prayed  internnlly,  "  who  hast  promised  to 
VOI«   111.  ■ 


74 


BTONKflBNOB;   OR, 


give  US  strength  according  to  oar  need,  b«  i^_ 
now  according  to  thy  word."  ^| 

H<!r  prayer  seemed  to  have  prcrailed,  mi 
she  felt  renewed  courage. 

"PudcnH!"  said  site  trembUnglf,    rewhred^ 
to  disclose  to  him  his  fate  ^ 

Fudcns  looked  up,  and  it}ic  had  «  full  nn 
of  liis  fine  countonanw,  lighted  up  by  ill  Ibi 
inns  amiahltt  and  ciprcssive.  Again  earth  p»- 
vailiM},  h»  sentence  died  upon  her  Up*.  She 
blushed,  and  hung  down  her  head,  and  hM 
concealed  her  (ace  with  her  hands,  while  ikt 
big  tears  again  filled  her  dark  blue  eyes. 

Her  lover  thought  it  would  be  more  land  to 
allow  nature  to  take  her  ou-n  coorsc  ;  and 
therefore  paced  the  room  backwards  and  fet- 
wards,  to  allow  Iter  time  to  recover  herulL 
Slight  aa  wo-t  the  attention  which  hia  sat- 
charged  mind  could  bestow  on  any  other  ob- 
ject thai^  his  »out*s  idol,  he  coold  not  help  no- 
ticing that  her  harp  seemed  tlirown  aside,  ini) 
that  garments  uf  different  kinds,  and  otlier  t- 
tides,  apparently  designed  for  the  relie/  d  , 
tliose  RuSering  by  the  late  calamity,  were  laiJ 
up  in  (lifTerent  ])aTceU,  as  though  she  had  btn 
engaged  in  assorting  them  for  dvstributioa. 


TBB    ROUANa    IN    BntTAIN.  75 

After  an  interval  of  Mome  mtnutea,  during 
wliieli  livr  lips  were  seen  lo  move,  cither  in 
ailciil  ejnculatigfiH,  or  from  convultiive  affection, 
■1)0  inliniatvd  an-isli  to  rL'suine  iIk^  conversa- 
tion, aiii)  uttered  the  name  '  I'udciiw ;'  but  her 
countenance  became  iw  dcatll)'  pale,  and  she 
pronounced  tlie  word  so  aadly,  and  so  aoiemnlj, 

I  and  with  such  suppressed   emution,  that  her 
lover,  unable  tu  bear  the  suBpetii>e,  fell  bnck 
as  though    an  arrow  liad   transpierced  him. 
Hia  face  Wciinte  as  blanched  as  hers,  and  liis 
Cjrea  wild  with  terror. 
"  Speak,    Claudia,"    he    said  ;"  ye    goda  I 
vbst  wootdst  thou  nay,   Claudia !     Art  thou 
dying? — speak — but  look  not  so!" 
"  lie  not  alarmed,"   she   replii-d;  her  tone 
» becoming  more  mild,  and  her  features  auuming 
a  heavenly  composure  aiul  loveliness.— 
I^idetiH  ktill  perceived  something  unearthly 
about  her  manner,  which  miide  him  fed  very 
unhappy ;  and  he  replied,  "  But  I  om  alanned, 
^bjny  Chtudia. — Are  you  not  well  ? — Arc  you  not 

■  liappyr- 

■  "  Yes,"  Clftudia  answered,  kindly,  "  I  am 
f  well,  and    I   am — happy."     (This  ^last    word 

wa*  pronounced  in  a  very  quavering  manner,) 
"  but— but— •* 

■  2 


STO^EllR^OE;   OB, 


"But  what?"  intcrraptcd  Pudens,  anxioBs- 
]y.    '•  Vc  Gods  !— but  what,  my  a«udi«?" 

"  Only — "  replied  Claudia,  with  the  meek- 
ness, and  solemnity  of  a  dying  saint,  "  only 
that  you  mu.it  not  call  mc  tfour  Claudia." 

".Not  call  you  my  Claudia? — Not  call  you 
my  Claudia  ?"  ravt-d  Pudens,  wildly,  as  though 
not  giving  credence  to  his  ovrn  cars. 

His  hclovcd  one  was  too  mncli  terrified  at 
his  manner,  and  too  much  overpowered  with 
her  own  feelings,  to  be  able  to  reply. 

"  Thou  hast  not  brofcen  thy  vow  ?"  asked 
the  agonised  Pudens. 

Poor  Claudia  could  not  reply. 

"  Traitercss  ! — deceiver  !"  exclaimed  her 
ftantic  lover,  with  terrible  tmotion.  "  Thou 
hast ! — Tby  silence  condemns  thee  '■" 

The  poor  girl  could  only  weep  [  and 
the  wild  turmoil  of  Pudens's  passion  sub- 
siilcd  into  a  more  poignant,  but  Ic&s  clamoroui 
sorrow. 

"Oh,  Claudia!  Claudia  !*'  he  repeated  In 
A  tone  uf  the  deepest  anguish,  uTinging  liii 
hands,  and  could  add  no  more.  His  qut^'Cf- 
\ng  lips  and  upraised  eye,  almoitt  bntke  her 
heart ;  and  as  soon  as  she  could  aufRctently 
control  her  feelings  to   speak,   she  advanced 


TIIK    ROUAN'S    IN     BRITAIN'. 

^towards   him,  to    endeavour  to   soothe  him. 
but  vna  repulsed  wiUi  vritlicring  c(ddnc&s, 

Ofa  t  Milder  iban  tb«  wind  ihni  frvcif* 

Fount*,  ilui  but  now  in  >un*htne  pl>f«it, 
I*  tbitt  congtoiling  paof  wliirli  auiif  i 

Tilt  iniiliof  boson  *h<n  brmy*d. 
He  frit  it — dpcplf  fell— and  ilnod, 
Ai  If  the  tail  bad  (toi'a  liii  blood. 

So  ai«M4  and  nMlionl***  wm  be  ^^ 
LUic  on*  *hain  audrisn  apHU  anchant, 
Or  loiiK  muU.  mnrblo  h*1iltmt 

Ur  tbi  *(IU  nUt  ut  Ubmo  nW.* 

Junt  at  this  moment  a  cry  of  fire!  fire!  vna 

niited  ;  and  t)ie  duor  I»ciitg  opened,  the  liuiM- 

ing    appeared  to   l>e  environed  with   flames ! 

The  fire,  whieh  proceeded  from  tlie  renewed  in- 

oendiarisn)  of  Rome,  had  reached  the  cedared 

^roof  of  tlie  Atrium,  and  blocks  of  tlie  marble 

^■columns,  and  of  the   alabaster  copiiiga,  were 

^VlaUing  ill  all  directions.     It   must  have  been 

^kiging  for  some  time ;  but  the  soula  of  Fudens 

^^■n<l  Claudia  Iiad  been  so  eiigrosbed,  that  they 

had  been  no  more  disturbed  by  it  than  the 

comlmtants  ut  Tlirasyinene  vere  by  the  earth' 

quake. 

Pomponia  wbs  not  at  home,  and  Uie  otlier 

■  A  |>tul6ad  dtf  lo  Vff€i  Ef7pL 


78 


stonbiibnok;  oh. 


membm  of  the  )iousehold  had  escaped,  nnil  so 
int«iit  had  tliey  Iwwi  on  iheir  own  [(reserration, 
tlint,  with  one  exception,  they  had  all  forgotten 
Claudia;  and  now  a  6eTj  chasm  intervened, 
rendered  almost  impa3»l)le  by  tlie  burning 
rafters  and  glowing  fragments,  vfhich  strewed 
the  pavement,  ami  darkened  by  tlie  smoke  and 
steam  which  proceeded  from  tJte  hot  emben, 
liklling  into  the  impluvium. 

Immediate  danger  produced  a  singular  change 
in  the  conduct  of  the  two  loren.  As  Roon  as 
the  first  pause  of  astonishment  had  elapaed, 
Pudeits  said,  "  Well,  Claudia,  I  will  imve  you 
now,  fur  whomsoever  it  may  be." 

"  Nay,  save  yourself,"  said  Claudia ;  "  baste 
-^•ste — before  the  flames  reach  this  apart- 
ment,  and  leave  me  here ; — for  I  cannot  follow 
you.  Leave  me,  I  pray  you,  and  save  your- 
self.'" 

Mcr  fears  were  occasioned  by  the  nuttfriti 
of  her  drrJis ;  which,  being  hnen,  would  expoM 
her  to  peculiar  peril  in  walking  through  tlie 
fire. 

"  For  whom  should  I  save  myself?  said 
Pudeni,  somewhat  sternly ;  as  he  threw  around 
her  some  of  the  lew  combustible  garments 
which  she  had  been  making.' 


I 


4 


I 


TDK    ROUAXS    IK    BRITAIN.  79 

"  Stop!  Htop  3"  B&id  Claadia.  "  I  have  Icfl 
a  little  book  in  that  cabinet — " 

"  Xny,  vrc  must  stop  for  notliing,^  sftid  h«r 
prcMrvcr ;  and  having  hastily  folded  her  iit 
woollen,  tie  snatctiixl  her  up  in  his  armsi  and 
necing  the  beams  and  ornMmeiiU  falling  from 
die  fretted  roof,  placed  his  helmet  upon  Iter 
head,  and  carried  her  safdf  forth  amid  the 

[pkndita  of  tlie  spectaton. 
Hanng  deposited  her  in  a  place  of  safety, 
l»e  rejoined  the  seene  of  dnnger,  encountering 
peril  af^r  peril,  in  sucli  a  heedless  manner, 
as  to  exhibit,  what  indeed  he  felt — a  [>erfecc 
recklessness  of  Ufc.  After  engaging  himself, 
for  some  time,  wlivrever  any  baxardous  enter- 
prise vaa  to  be  founil,  be  recollected  Claudia's 
little  Iwuk,  which  was,  indeed,  a  scroll  of  the 
gospel  of  St.  Matlltetr ;  and  with  fatc-provok- 
tng  audacity,  be  walked  through  the  flames 
and  clambered  over  tite  burning  ruins  in  quest 
if  it,  US  though  determined  to  seek  death. 

Half  EufTocatcd,  he  gru|>ed  about  in  alternate 
darkness  and  flashes,  until  he  found  tlie  ob- 
iject  of  bis  search ;  but  in  returning,  bis  feet 
were  so  burnt,  tliat  Ijefore  he  reached  the  outer 
door,  he  fell  prostrate  on  the  floor,  and  a  piece 
of  the  entablature  uf  a  column  falling  upon 


8U 


STONEnHN'OK 


his  unprotected  head,  stunned  him  !  In  this 
tienHeless  condition  he  lay  for  some  time,  and 
in  all  probability  would  have  iierishcd,  bad 
not  some  Htrnnger  taken  him  up,  and  car- 
tied  him  away  to  his  own  house. 

It  only  remains  to  be  said,  in  reference  to 
this  second  fire,  that  it  was  the  fiendish  work 
iif  the  monster  Tigetlinusi,  supposed  to  ban 
hcei)  done  nt  the  inEttigatlon  of  Nero,  in  order 
liiat  the  old  city  mig)it  be  destroyed,  and  that 
another,  honoured  with  his  own  name,  might 
be  built  in  iu  place  !  It  raged  unintermittingly 
for  three  whole  clays,  ntid  was  nt  last  sub- 
dued with  great  ditHcully,  nnd  not  until  it 
had  so  far  aided  the  work  of  its  immediate 
predecessor,  that  together,  they  destroyed 
tlircc  of  the  fourteen  regions  into  which  Roniv 
WRS  diyided,  and  reduced  to  a  miserable  state 
of  ruin  and  dv--«olation  seven  more,  leaving 
only  four  uninjured  !• 


■  Tm.  Ausv.c.ll. 


I 
I 


THR    ROMANB    IN    BRITAIN. 


81 


CHAPTER  VIII. 

Opialoit  an  i>n)iif|>o(taM,— whaie  nil 
M*Btln  llip  nrik  wiih  dubacBi,  dmU  rlfhl 
And  xong  ■«  accldrnu,  and  aien  (n>w  pal* 
Lai  tbclr  mrn  JmlinDnnta  thiiitlil  lirroma  too  brlfll^ 
And  ihnit  (nr  iluiiifbtB  be  criioei,  and  artb  bn«  UO 
Bucb  UgUL 

rNiLoa  iiauiD. 


M  happened  that  the  house  into  which 
Pudeiu  ha<l  bc«n  taken,  vras  the  residence 
of  B  &Uvc  of  Kpaiihroditus,  one  of  Nero's 
freodmcn.  Ileni  h«  lay  for  aome  weeks  in 
•  delirioua  state,  raviii;  at>oat  Britain  and 
Luean,  and  al)OYe  all,  atioat  Claudia.  It  wa.s 
probalily  to  thin  latter  circumstance,  that  he 
owed  the  prcserration  of  his  life:  for  the 
maater  of  the  house  ren^nixed  in  him  the 
person  who  had  slain  hia  rompaiiion  on  the 
evening  of  the  lire;  but  having  lieani  hint 
mention  the  name  of  ClKa<liD,  and  jod;png 
Claudia  to  be  the  Britiili  ladj'  of  whom  TigcU 
Udos    was   enamoured,    he    thought   Utat   his 

s  3 


82 


STONEHENGE  }  OB, 


interest  might  be  proniotctl  by  (icfcrring  his 
revenge,  and  eliciting  all  the  iRformation  vliich 
he  could  from  his  patient,  in  order  to  ingra- 
tiate himaelf  with  the  Emperor's  fttvoaritc. 

One  moniing,  as  fucieus  was  reclining  on 
liis  couch,  I>elore  he  was  able  to  get  abroad, 
he  heard  the  follon-ing  conversation  in  on 
adjoining  apartment : 

"  This  young  fellovr,"  said  one  voice,  "  mun- 
tains  tltat  pain,  and  all  the  other  evils  of  life, 
of  which  we  complain,  arc  merely  imaginary, 
and  exist  only  in  opinion." 

"  There  is  a  very  easy  method  of  testing 
that,''  said  aiwther  voice,  "  a  stfipe  or  two 
on  the  young  philosopher's  shoulders  will 
prove  the  truth  of  the  matter;  and  I  un  sure 
he  will  think  trutli  clieaply  pureiuiscd  at  the 
expense  of  a  few  twitches." 

"  An  excellent  thought,"  replied  tlie  first 
voice ;  "  but  I  think  I  can  improve  upon  iL^ 
Here,  young  philosopher,  give  nte  your  leg." 

A  few  moments   elapsed,  when  &  younger 
voice,  as  of  one  suffering  tome  violence,  wa* 
heard   to  exclaim,   '*  You  will   break  my 
1  am  sure  you  will." 

This  exclamation  was  repeated  two  or  thrw 
times,  each  time  with  increasing  eomestne&s ; 


M 


Tne    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


83 


^ 


until,  at  last,  a  crus)i  ik-ks  lienrd.  and  the 
second  voice  excluimcd,  "  By  Jove !  you  have 
broken  bin  leg !" 

Tbe  young«r  voice  was  then  heard,  indis- 
tinctly, and  apparently  with  great  difficulty,  to 
say,  "  I  told  you  thxt  you  would  break  my 
leg." 

Thenoise  of  atteiKtaiits,  which  nowsucceeded, 
rendered  it  imposKible  to  distinguish  the  voices 
any  longer. 

Pudens  hsd  heard  enough  to  exoite  his 
horror,  commiaeratioii,  and  curiosity ;  and  one 
of  the  first  things  which  ht!  did,  on  finding  that 
the  hustle  had  subsided,  and  that  the  apart- 
ment was  cleared,  nas  to  repair  thither.  There 
be  found  a  poor  deformed  young  slave,  with  a 
broken  teg,  who,  I  need  not  inform  my  classical 
readers,  was  tlie  person  afterwards  so  well 
known,  and  sn  justly  celebrated,  as  tlie  stoic 
philosopher  Kpictctua !  Ili.i  cruel  niastei 
Epaphruditus  had  been  wantonly  torturing 
biin  to  try  liis  fortitude,  and  having  fractured 
his  limb,  only  elicited  from  him  the  mild  com- 
plaint, "  1  told  you  that  you  would  break  my 

leg!" 

Pudens'g  interest  and  compassion  for  the 
youthful  philosopher  »oon  ripened  into  a  warm 


84 


stonehbnor;  or. 


•tuchment;  and  wliile  UimMlf  confiiicti  to  tlie 
house,  be  was  of^eu  a  visitor  at  the  bed  side 
of  E))ictetu!t.  It  w**  surprising  to  bear  the 
latter,  altliougli  necessariljr  suBiering  the  most 
severe  pain,  conversing  with  cheerfulness: 
nay,  stranger  still,  notwithstanding  bis  oirn 
HufTering,  he  actually  undertook  to  administer 
consolation  to  tlie  heart- stricken  Pudens,  and 
would  collect  his  shattered  strength,  to  argoe 
in  support  of  his  beloved  philosophy  I 

Seieing  him  one  momine;,  iit  a  very  despond* 
ing  niood,  and  wishing  to  alleviate  his  grief,  he 
told  him  an  anecdote  of  a  person  who  had  lost 
his  only  son,  tltc  solaoe  of  his  heart,  and  the 
hope  of  bis  age.  He  drew  a  very  affecting 
picture  of  tlie  affliction  of  lite  ))«reaveJ  father, 
and  of  course,  did  not  fail  to  elicit  from  PudetlS 
strong  expressions  of  condolence.  He  then 
grudually  drew  away  tlie  conversation  to  other 
topics,  until  the  tale  of  sorrow  seeineid  forgotten ; 
when,  tiiier  a  desultory  conversation,  he  thus 
again  rvcurred  to  it : — "  1  know  not,  young 
master,  what  may  be  the  cause  of  your  grief; 
hut,  before  you  indulge  in  it  again  to  such 
exocss,  remember  bow  you  were  affected  by 
the  ule  which  1  have  just  told  you  ;  and  how 
soon  you  have  forgotten  it !     Why  should  your 


TUB  BOUAN8  IN    URITAIX. 

Aw,  at  aiiotlior's  afilictio»  lie  so  transient, 

At  yuur  own  so  lasting  P*^ 

This  singular  address  led  to  an  interesting,  if 

"riot  consoling,  dissertation  on  tlic  ills  of  life ; 

yliicli,  tlie  stoic  maintained,  principally  arose 

>m  opinion,  and  conscquuntly,  tliai  tJie  only 

ire  fur  tlietn  was  an  indilTerance  to  opinion. 

"  niiink,"  said  he,  "  how  few  real  evils  (here 

kre,  compared  with  those  which  proceed  from 

Dptnioii  !t     Luxury,  which  is  the  cause  of  su 

'much  oppression  and    dishonesty,  and  when 

fortune  frunns,  too,  of  so  much  distress,  is  a 

mere  vice  of  uphiion.     It  is  not  that  ao  army  of 

^nemuits  promotes  one's  comfort,  or  that  being 

Bdcprivcd  of  one  half  of  our  luxuries  is  a  real 

Hbardsliip:  it  is  only  opinion  which  endears  them. 

^An  atiilvtic  man,  in  health,  would  much  rather 

walk,  Uian  be  helplessly  whirled  about  in  a 

^  carriiigtf ;  hut  drpi-ive  hini  of  his  troublesome 

^  litter,  and  let  him,  u-hea  on  foot,  encounter  his 

former  associates^  and  no   inaji  would  deem 

K himself  more  wretched.     It  is  in  rain  to  rave 

^^  about   )H>liticul  freedom,   when    we   are   sudt 

slaves  to  opinion  !" 

Pudens  avtulexl  lumKlf  of  tlic  pause  which 


•  fipkt.  GMbirld.  e.  33. 


r  Ibid.  up.  ». 


86 


ST0NKUBM3B  i    OR, 


followed  this  phUtppic,  to  olwcrvc,  that  he  ad- 
mitted that  there  was  a  ^at  deal  of  truth  in 
what  Epictetus  had  s^d ;  but.  for  hiiD!«elf,  tltnt 
'  lie  considered  whatever  is  ncconlant  with 
nnture,  to  be  conducive  to  our  well-being ;  and 
that  wc  arc  not  endued  by  the  Gods  with  any 
natural,  or  inatinctiTe  feeling,  vbich  is  not 
beneficial  in  its  proper  exercise. — "  It  cannot 
be  questioned,"  he  contiimed,  "that  a  r^rard 
to  the  opinion  of  others  is  n  natural  feeling; 
and  it  only  remains  to  prove  tliat  it  is  bene- 
ficial in  its  operation ;  which,  1  think,  will  not 
be  disputed  by  any  person,  who  reflects  on  ttie 
restraint  which  it  imposes  upon  those  who  are 
beyond  the  reach  of  all  moral  or  political  lavrs." 
"  I  admit  your  general  proposition  as  to  the 
wisdom  and  Iwincficcncc  displayed  in  the  designs 
of  nature  and  providence,"  replied  Epictetus ; 
"and  I  think  that  to  trace  that  wisdom  and 
beneficence  U  our  noblest  employment;  for 
God  has  introduced  man  into  the  world  to  be 
a  spectator  of  himself  and  bis  works ;  and  not  a 
spectator  only,  but  an  interpreter  of  them : 
and  1  admit  also,  that  public  opinion  is  a  vtrj 
powerful  corrective,  and  might  be  made  much 
more  equal  than  any  law ;  for  let  a  crime  be 
tJiought  ridiculous,  and  it  will  wxin  be  fore- 


i 


■worn;  and  let  public  opinion  boenliitodon  the 
side  of  any  rirtue,  and  tlic  most  riciou-t  cliarnc- 

Item  will  not  d»re  offend  : — but,"  snid  he,  "  I 
Km  speiiking  of  tbingH  as  tJiejr  art,  ratlicr  than 
Ks  thry  ovy/it  to  l/e :  «nd  you  will  tind  that 
public  opinion  is  preci-tely  tlic  reverse  of  what 
it  should  be.  A  man  is  valued  according  to 
the  gifts  of  fortune,  rather  tttan  the  acquiai- 
tions  of  merit.  As  an  example — genius  is 
■commended  more  than  indosCrf ;  whereas  tlie 

V  former  is  a  divine  gif^  the  latter  is  a  human 
'  Tirtuc.     So  again,  a  person  is  honoured  fur  his 

persona]  beauty,  for  his  high  birth,  and  for* 

thousand  other  adventilioas  tilings,  over  which 

K  he  has  no  control,  and  is  despised  for  his  want 

V  of  them,  though  they  are  wholly  out  of  his 
reach.  Voluntary  poverty,  sucli  aa  Seneca's, 
u  admired ;  and  Involuntary  indigcnee,  such  as 

^  mine,  iit  dvspiMd.     Now  i£  poverty  itself  be  a 
"  crime,  Scnt-cn  and  1  are  equally  poor,  and  there- 

|ff>re  equally  criminal ;  but  if  no  crime  can  exist 
independent  of  the  exercise  of  the  will,  Seneca 
baa  offended  and  not  I ;  for  my  poverty  exists, 
despiu-  uf  my  will!" 
"True,"  said  I'udciis,  "and  the  juilgioeiit 
uf  mankind,  wtiere  it  is  nut  absolutely  contrary 
in  its  nnturc>  is  very  often  extremely  unjust 


9b  btonbrbnck;  or 

in  d^pve,  of  which  I  will  give  you  an  instance : 
— I  wu  observing  a  Ud  placing  with  his  b«]l 
in  a  tcnnts-ooutt,  some  time  since ;  and  I  saw 
htm  catch  his  bail  nineteen  times  in  succcssiun; 
hut  on  tiii^  hcmlielA  time  the  bull  fell  to  the 
ground : — '  You  clumsy  little  urchin  V  siud  I, 
and  turning  on  my  heel,  Idt  him.  lU-flecting 
afterwards  upon  the  circumstance,  I  thouglit, 
such  is  the  judgment  of  tlic  world!  Nino- 
teen  times  has  tliis  l>oy  shown  his  dexteiity, 
and  I  have  scared}-  heeded  it;  onev  has  he 
failed,  and  1  have  forgotten  all  but  tii'm  one 
unfortunate  failure,  and  proiiouiicvd  him  a 
clumsy  urdiin,!  How  does  tliis  resemble  the 
conduct  of  the  Athenians  towards  their  gene- 
rals I  How  truly  dues  it  accord  with  our  harsh 
opinions  of  each  other!" 

"Your  reflection  is  very  just,"  said  Epic- 
tetus ;  "  but  mankind  err  less  in  their  want  of 
chanty,  great  as  that  is,  than  In  their  exccsHirc 
laxity.  Many  rices  are  actually  deemed  virtues 
by  public  opinion :  and  there  are  few,  even  of 
the  most  odious,  which  are  not  tolerntcd  under 
false  names.  1  recollect  thatTliucydidcs*  tells 
us,  that,  in  a  civil  commotion  among  the  Cor- 
cyrians,  the  people  confused  and  reversed  the 
•  ThuCTd.  lib.  lit.  cap.  Si. 


I 
I 


THE    R0UAN8    IN    DBITAIN. 


89 


inies  of  virtue!)  nnd  rices :  and  su  it  is  now, 
nd  90  it  ever  will  l>c,  whe»  public  opinion  is 
not  rvctiltcd  by  a  liigber  standard :    so  that, 
I  think,  you  will  own,  tliat  if  it  i)  a  restraint 
jjpon  54>ni«  vices,  it  is  a  license  for  others." 
"  I  do  not  iiieati,''  replied  Pudcns,  **  to  sub- 
stitute public   opinion   for  conscience;   but  1 
^^nean  to  say,   that  conaiderinf;  ihat  it  has  a 
^BnnreTiul  influence  on  human  conduct,  it  is  the 
^Buty  of  tliuae  wlio  cun  control  it,  not  to  neglect 
'it,  but  to  endeavour  to  make  use  of  it  to  pro- 
mote tlic  interests  of  virtue :  and  I  think  a 
oentenipt  of  tiie  opinion  of  otiters  proceeds  too 
oAca   from    arrogance*    and    an    exaggerated 
notion  of  our  own  sujieriority.     If  we  respect 
a  person,  n»  wiser  than  ourselves,  which  is  tlic 
only  Ic^timate  daini  which  his  judgment  has 
^Bpn  our  respect;  his  opinion  will,  neoooMrily 
^Knd  unavoidably,  be  esteemed  by  us ;  and  if  we 
jHshink  no  |>i;rs>on  wiser  than  ourselves,  1  fear  we 
shall  evince  a  self-conceit  ill  beooming  pliiloao* 
pbers !" 

'*  I  do  not  coincide  witli  you,"  said  Epictetus ; 
'*  for  I  think  tltat  a  true  philosopher  ought  to 
feel,  and  ought  to  inculcate,  an  indifference  to 
praise  and  censure,  and  indeed  a  perfect  cod- 


sTOVEHENae;  or, 

tempt  for  opinion  ;*  nor  will  he  fail  to  re- 
meinbeT  what  I  hefore  stated,  that  it  U  not 
from  things  theinaelves,  but  from  our  opinions 
of  them,  that  half  llie  ills  of  life  proceed. 
Death,  for  instance,  is  not  terrilile,  as  Socrates 
himself  acknowledged ;  hut  the  opinion  that 
death  is  terrible,  makes  it  terrible.'*t 

**  My  good  friend,"  observed  Pudens,  "yoa 
are  like  many  other  professors  of  extrenM 
doctrines, — much  better  than  you  profess ;  for 
your  allusion  to  Socrates,  shews  your  rcverenee 
for  his  opinion." 

EfnctcUw  oould  not  help  smiling  at  beii^ 
detected  in  this  little  inconsistency ;  and  the 
ctitraitce  of  the  surgeon  saved  him  the  irame- 
dinU:  exercise  of  his  ingenuity  in  repairing  this 
breach  in  his  system. 

In  this  manner  did  the  two  invalids  attempt, 
and  not  without  success,  to  amuse  anil  console 
each  other :  but,  as  it  is  far  more  difficult  to 
administer  to  a  mind  diseased,  than  to  restore 
the  Rtling  body,  Pudens  continued  a  close 
prisoner  as  long  as  Kpictetus;  nor  could  he 
help  feeling,  at  times,  that  the  stoical  tenets  of 
the  Utter  prevented  tlie  display  of  those  kind- 

■  Rnchir.  Mf .  72.  t  e»A\t.  tf.  I*. 


THB   BOMANS  IN   BftlTAIX. 


91 


lier  sympathies  which  constitute  the  very 
balm  of  friendship ;  which  indeed  were  not 
mnting  in  the  bosom  of  Epictetus,  although 
the  genial  current  was  iced  over  hy  a  frig;id 
philosophy. 


92 


kTONEnENGK;  OB, 


CHAPTER  IX. 

Lord'  lioir  drliKhirnl  '(lilo  xe 

A  wlirilo  Burnilily  wontliip  Ibrc. 

Al  oacf  ihry  «>ng,  al  oort  thry  pray. 

Tbcy  tear  of  ll«rcn  and  kafo  ike  way. 

ITATt'*  l9tr«I>T  HVllltl. 


WttBX  Padens  became  convalescent  tbe 
events  which  had  happened  since  his  hut  re- 
turn to  Rome  seemed,  one  after  the  other,  to 
recur  tu  his  memory ;  but  as  stragglingly  and 
unconnected]/  as  the  disorganised  band  of 
mourners  returning  from  a  funeral,  lie  retained 
broken  recollections  of  sorrovd'ul  scenes  and  md 
incidents;  but  the j- succeeded  each  other  in 
such  wild  confusion,  that  it  was  long  before  he 
could  form  a  distinct  idea  of  his  situation.  The 
shock,  which  his  affections  and  hopes  had  r^ 
ccived  from  Claudia  being  the  most  |>ainfal, 
was  one  of  the  first  circumstances  whidt  re- 
curred to  him ;  and  as  it  was  hardly  possibte 


TRB    BOUAN8    IN'    BRITAtV. 


93 


I      nii 


}r  imagination  to  aggravate  thi*,  )>is  memorr 
was  content  to  present  the  simple  reality.  He 
therefore  resolved,  as  soon  aa  he  could  get 
abrond,  to  lose  no  time  in  obtaining  another 
intenriew.  But  where  was  that  interview  to 
take  place  ?  Claudia's  farmer  residenco  vaa  a 
heap  of  ruins  ;  nnd  he  could  6nd  no  clue  what- 
ever,  to  lend  him  to  her  preMnt  abode.  One 
^  night  as  he  wandered  listleaaly  about  the 
treets  of  Rome,  his  attention  was  incidentally 
attracted  by  an  unusual  ligbt  in  the  Enijierur's 
^nrdcn.  "Surely,"  thouglit  he,  "there  is 
^■tnotber  conflagration  ;*'  but  on  directing  his 
^nteps  thither,  he  bebcld  an  illumination,  a<i 
though  in  celebration  of  some  public  event. 
Figures,  like  statues  >i'crc  ranged  at  brief  in- 
I  tervals.  covered  with  some  highly  infliininiabte 
^Bubstance  ;  which  burnt  so  brightly  as  even  to 
^^rival  the  light  of  the  sun.  They  formed  the 
^—boundaries  of  a  chariot  course,  down  whic)i  the 
j^pEmperor  was  driving,  clad  in  the  Iiabtt  of  a 

common  charioteer ! 

^K     Pudcns  advanced  towanis  the  tine,  to  hn\-e 

^V*  better  view  of  tlio  performance,  when  tin: 

buniing  slntuc  near  him  seemed  to  move ;  and, 

infinite  horror,  he  discovered  that  it  was 


STONEIIBNGC;    OR, 


—a  liuman  being  enveloped  in  (lanes ! — my, 
that  each  roa&s  of  6rc  naa  a  living  mortal !* 
To  describe  his  feelings  would  be  tmposnble. 
The  scene  swam  before  his  eyes ;  «  eold  shnd' 
dcriiig  svixcd  his  deliiliUtted  frame ;  and  n^ 
followed  by  a  violent  sickness.  ^| 

It  WM  a  eon«i<lerable  time  before  tie  «>i 
sufficiently  recovered  to  ask  who  these  tar> 
tured  wretches  were,  and  what  was  their  oiae; 
but  on  doing  so,  one  of  the  bystanders  r- 
pliod :  "  I  can  tell  yoo  who  they  are ;— (bt; 
are  ChrisUans;  but  as  for  Uieir  crime,  it  ii 
not  so  eauy  tx)  say  wliiit  lAat  is.  They  are  » 
cused  of  having  set  tLo  city  on  fire :  but  no 
one  believes  the  accusation  to  be  true.  Tbej 
are,  liuwever,  I  believe,"  continued  "  tie,  a  mi- 
serably superstitious  set  of  misantliropcx  :— 
hut,  hush  !  hush ! — this  pour  lialf  burnt  wnvA 
is  saying  something." — 

*'  By  Jove  he  is  praying  for  us." 

•  Tac.  Ana.   XV.  4*.  el  Not.   BnMicri — Sost. 
ctip.  IC. 

Juren*!  Iliui  alludes  lo  tbc  pentcuUoM  of  tbe  i 
Pone  TlHallinum  tvilii  lucrbi*  in  Oh, 
QuA  Man  (M  ardent,  qui6«i|[alUTf  (nnsU 
Kt  Utiim  inrdia  tulcum  diducia  urna. 

Jor^  Sat.  1.  V  tU^ 
Martial  alio  nftrn  lo  lliHr  lufft-tinga.  Lib.  i,  Ffif.  SI 


cnaq 
cer 


I 


THK    ROMANS    IN     BRITAIN. 

Nonsense  !"  interposed  anutlicr.  "  He  is 
pnying  to  us,  perhaps ;  and  much  good  maj' 
it  do  Iiim." 

«  Nay,  hark  !"  replied  the  other ;  « he  u 
pmytng  that  tiiiii  sin  may   not  be    liiid  to  our 
charge." 
"Tben,"  rejoined  the  other,  "it  isinfamouH 
Ity  to  bam  this  poor  wretch !  eren  if  lie 
helpctl  to  set  the  dty  on  fire ;  fur  he  is 
oeruinly  nmd — mad  heyond   all   question,  a* 
11  as  beyond  all  cure !" 

"  It  i»  my  opinion,"  said  another,  "that  tho 
greater  number  uf  them  arc  mad ;  for  I  heard 
that  fellow,  on  that  high  cross  yonder,  which  ia 
act  up  OS  a  goal,  actually  singing !  and  this 
morning  1  saw  one  of  them  don  the  skin  of  a 
vild  briist,  to  be  torn  in  pieces  by  the  British 
iastiff«,  with  as  much  plensure  as  a  boy  fecU 
in  putting  on,  for  the  first  time,  tlic  Toga  Vi- 
rilia!" 

Pudens  turned  away  from  this  reirultini; 
S]»ctadc,  sick  at  heart ;  and  with  that  des- 
IMindini;  nrctchedneas,  which  a  compassionate 
heart  feels  ut  the  nght  of  irremediable  woe,  he 
wandered  forth,  not  knowing  whither  to  di- 
[  rcct  his  stops. 

Nor  would  he  have  found  consolation  in  his 


96 


STO.NIillBNOe;  OB, 


own  feelings,  could  lie  have  exdudcd  the  im- 
pressions produced  by  the  scenes  of  sorrow 
and  sufferings  which  surrounded  him;  so  cruel 
a  shock  had  his  hopes  nnd  nlTcctiuns  sustninrd 
from  the  n>ystcriuus  and  incxplicJihlc  bclis- 
viour  of  Claudia.  He  knew  that  her  conduct 
coald  not  proceed  from  caprice,  and  that  bcr 
heart  was  no  dwelling-place  for  feminine  fickle- 
ness. He  had  seen,  and  seen  with  terror,  tbe 
mental  eonfiict  which  she  endured,  and  whidi 
had  convulsed  her  delicate  frame,  and  hanishod 
the  colour  from  her  cheeks  to  her  eye<lida. 
Her  solt  hlue  eyen,  too,  be  thought,  had  never 
expressed  so  much  tenderness  ;  bat  the  words, 
'  You  mtist  not  eall  tne  tfowr't'.  Uttered  with  a 
voice  aa  decided  as  it  was  meek — as  firm  as  it 
was  feminine — rang  constantly  in  bis  cars 
like  a  knell,  not  only  forbidding  hope,  but  al- 
most inquiry-  With  a  wounded  spirit,  tliere- 
fore,  did  be  roam  about  the  ruins  of  the  city, 
whose  kindred  desolation  hsmiouiu;d  with  hia 
feelings. 

As  Pudens  jturHued  his  way,  the  noise  of 
revelry  fell  loutler  and  louder  upon  his  aching 
ears — 

Skddrr  thin  owl  *tiri«ls  vt  tli«  iBiilklgkl  Uwt  ■ 


A 


BRrTAIN. 

,d  rrom  tlic  number  of  torchrs  rarried  in  pro> 
sion  he  judged,  and  judged  truly,  th«ttbc 
mirthful   ctamour  vas   cBuaed  by  Nero,  ftnd 
some  of  his  dctmuchcd  compnmonv,  returning 
fmm   their  hurrihlc   nmuscment.     Ttwy  were 
uppnMtching  in  l)ie  mont  notoun  manner,  as- 
saulting every  person  whom   they  encountered 
in  their  progress. 
^^    Am  Fudens  was  seeking  how  to  avoid  this 
^P»mp«ny  of  incarnate  fiends,  lie  miw  the  door 
I     of  a  mean  looking  boose  anlntchcd,  and  walked 
'     in.    Hariiii;  cloned  the  door  behind  liim,  he  lis- 
tened for  any  sound  which  might  determine  his 
steps,  and  overheard  a  voioc  which  seemed  to 
from  some  upper  apartment.    Thith«r 
Moordingly  directed  his  course,  and  seeing 
unosual  light  through  tbe   crevice  of  the 
',  he   opened  it  gently,   and   entered   the 
unpereeivcd. 
To  his  surprise,  ho  beheld  a  large  concourse 
of  jieoplv  listening  to  some   person  who  was 
Idrcanng  tliem,  and  on  whose  discDune  ihey 
were  l>an<{ing  with  breathless  attention.     'Hic 
orator  was  of  rather  diminutive  suture,  and 
H|>)ike  with  some  little  hesitation;  but   tht-rv 
was  an  earnestness  about  bis  manner,  and  a 
sublimity  in  his  Unguagr,  which  entranced  his 
vou  111.  r 


BTONEHEXaE;    OB, 

audience,  Uie  greater  number  of  whom  were 
w<^cping  urount)  him.  A  celestial  glow  fteetiked 
difTutied  over  his  whole  countenance  ut  he  ptu- 
sued  his  discourse : 

"  Yes,  brethren  !"  siud  he,  "  Here  indeed 
is  balm  for  tlie  brokeu  heart  i~-Weep,  tlien, 
for  your  sina ;  hut  weep  not  for  jrour  sorrows. 
Had  your  eyes  l)eheld  the  glorious  visions 
which  have  gladdened  mine — had  your  breasts 
ever  felt  the  raptures  which  have  overpowettd  ■ 
mine;— no  tear  could  ever  again  t»cdim  your 
eyes ;  no  groan  could  ever  again  escape  your 
breasts.  But  those  visions  arc  indescribable ; 
and  those  raptures  arc  unutterable  :  eye  bath 
not  seen,  car  hath  not  heard,  heart  bath  not 
conceived,  the  happiness  which  avaits  you.  I 
reckon  tliat  the  sufferings  of  the  present  time 
are  not  worthy  to  be  compared  with  tlie  glnrio 
which  shall  be  n-ve<)Icd :  for  our  light  afflic- 
tions, which  arc  but  for  a  season,  work  out  for 
ua  a  far  more  exceeding,  and  eternal  weight  of 
glory." 

As  the  speaker  was  uttering  these  last 
words,  his  eye  for  the  first  time  fell  upon  the 
armed  figure  ot  Pudcns;  and  hts  countenance 
was  biniiched  for  a  moment,  doubtless  judging 
from  his  military  accoutrements,  tliat  Itc  wm  a 


I 

I 
I 


rns   ROMANS   IN    BRITAIN. 


09 


er  of  death  to  them.     It  was  but  for  a 

^tllOlDe])t,  however;    nnd   tiis   fentures  imme- 
diately recovered  their  wonted  cnlmness :  aitd 
hit  eye  neeincd  lighted  up  with  a  aupcrliuinati 
.radianoe  as  he  purBUcd  bis  discounc:— 
f    "  It  is  possihic,  my  brethren !— Nay,  it  is 
vtry  probable,  that  we  shall  not  all  meet  again; 
fur  death  Bummnds,    and    torture*  await  us: 
hut  death  will  but  hasten  our  happiness;   and 
tortures  will,  from  contraat,  incrcaio  it.     Nay, 
he  flames  which  hum  so  brightly  yonder  will 
^btit  senrc.  like  RUjnhN  fiery  chariot,  tu  waft  us 
Uie   swifter  homeward."     tic  then  eoiicluded 
his  address  in  Uic  same  triumphant  manner, 
%d  almost  in  the  words,  whidi  Ae — for  need  I 
"tBll  my  readers  that  the  speaker  was  Si.  Paul  ? 
•^has  used  in  his  eighth  chapter  of  his  e])iiitle 
to  the  Itomans,     "  Who  shall  sepsratc  uafrum 
the  love  of  Christ!  8hnll   iribulation,  or  dis- 
tress, or  persecution  or  famine,  or  nakednca*, 
I      or  peril,  or  sword  ?— Nay— in  all  tluiMi  thing* 
^■vfl  are   more  Uuut  coiujuerora,  through    Him 
^■thaC  lured  us.  For  I  nm  persuaded  iliat  neither 
^  death,  nor  life,  oor  aogela,  uor  princi|ulilics, 
nor  powers,   rmr  things  present,  nor  things  to 
eotae,  nor  height,  nor  depth,  nor  any  otlwr 
rrraturc,  shall  be  able  to  st^narste  us  fratn  the 

r  -• 


to, 

U) 
his 

^' 

^tell 


stonkuexqk;  or, 

love  of  God,  which  is  in  Christ  Jesus  our  Lorcl!'* 
St.  Paul,  having  finished  his  discourse,  knelt 
down  and  prayed  with  his  nudiencc :  nnd  such 
a  pmycr  it  vnis  bs  wc  may  suppose  his  prcde- 
oeHsor,  St.  Stephen,  miLde,  when  the  scales  of 
mortality  fell  from  his  eyes,  and  he,  *  being 
full  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  looked  up  steadfastly 
into  Heaven,  nnd  *aw  the  glorj- of  God.  and 
Jcsus  standing  at  the  right  himd  of  God !' 

An  interval  of  some  montenLt  succeeded 
after  he  had  ceased  speaking,  during  which  the 
audience  remained  in  breathless  silence;  and  it 
waa  not  until  after  that  had  elapKeil,  that  they 
became  ttensible  of  .the  presence  of  their  mar- 
tial intruder.  There  seemed  then,  tio  doubt  in 
their  niindx,  but  that  he  wan  sent  to  apprehend 
them ;  and  one  universal  shudder  seemed  to 
tbrill  the  whole  assembly.  Heedless,  how- 
erer,  of  their  own  safety,  they  rushed  to  sur- 
round their  speaker,  weeping  sorely,  and  falling 
upon  his  neck  and  kissing  him.* 

Pudens,  availing  himself  of  the  coafusiafi, 
stole  out  of  the  apartment,  and  baatened  to 
hb  temporary  residence,  where  be  found  bii 


I 


I 


■  Pnr  an  ■rcoiini  nf  tbi-  mmlr  of  *or*liip  aanHv  tht  pri- 
mitive Cbrislimni.  icc  Cara'i  I'rliniurc  CbrltU^Dltjr,  Chap. 
IS,  rmtt  1. 


THE    ROUAXS    IN    BRITAIN. 


vol 


1       tI)C 


host  carousing  with  some  of  the  most  profli- 
gate characters  of  Home.      TIic  conversation 
turned  U])Qn  the  barbarous,  or  as  tboy  were 
pteased  to  call  it  'amusing*  spectade,  which 
tJiey  had  witnessed;  and  if  any  thing  could  be 
more  shocking  to  humanity   than  such  a  spec> 
taele,  it  was  their  observations  upon  it. 
k     i'leadbg  fati^e,  therefore,  Pudots  returned 
no  rest,  to  spare  his  feelings  the  disgu&t  whidi 
tlirsc  brutal  remarks,  and  obscene  conversation 
luxcd  him,  rcsoivcd  tonvnilhimselt'ofthc  first 
opportunit]^  to  seek  a  (rcsli  domicile.  lie  could 
not  help,  as  he  was  revolving  tlie  cvcnta  of  the 

tday  in  his  mind,  and  endeavouring  to  compose 
bimself  to  rest,  reflecting  upon  tlie  scene  which 
be  had  witnessed,  in  the  upper  upartincnt  of 
tlte  obscure  house  whicli  he  had  entered,  and 
n    contrasting  the   Christians    nitb   tiieir  pene- 
Anitors.    "  While  the  latter,"  said  he  to  himself, 
^^are  torturing  these  innocent  people  in   tlie 
most  inhuman  manner,  their  poor  victims  are 
•otually  praying  for  their  tonnentors.     ^VhUe 
Nero  is  glutting  his  cruelty  with  their  soffer> 
lags,  tlicy  are  invoking  the  gods  on  his  behalf, 
M  though  he  had  been  their  greatest  benefac- 
tor.   And  there  is  another  thing  which  is  stiU 


108 


stonbbbnob;  ou. 


a)in  maivellous,"  continued  he,  aolUoquiung, 
*Aid  that  is  tiicir  cheerfulness  aud  furtitud«> 
'lliere  were  the;;,  mnfting  Uieir  hymns,  and 
praitting  tiieir  Gods,  while  the  fiames  of  their 
comrades  itctually^  illumined  their  room  ;  and 
those  who  were  sulfeiiiig  all  that  humaii  inge- 
niuty  could  devise,  bore  their  tormeitts  with- 
oat  a  murmur !  And  yet,"  resumed  he  after  a 
slight  pause,  bia  mind  recurring  to  his  own 
afflictions  with  the  wonted  selfishness  of  itor- 
n>w, — *'&nd  yet  there  is  one  thing  which  I  do 
not  think  that  they  could  bear,  but  which,  ne- 
vertheless, 1  am  called  u[»on  to  Iwar — the 
hlsHtiiig  of  idl  onc'n  schemes— the  betrayal  of 
all  one's  afTections — the  annihilation  of  all  one's 

.liopesi  Oh,  Claudia !  Claudia!  I  hare  played 
rith  tltec  as  a  brother ;  I  hare  instructed  thee 
as  a  friend ;  1  have  watched  over  thee  as  a 
parent:  iiy,  and  I  have  loved  thee — lliou 
knowest  how  1  have  loved  the«!  With  what 
rapture  have  I  marked  tlie  development  of  thy 

[beauties'.  Pool  that  I  was,  1  thought  that  1 
saw  in  thy  mind  and  thy  affectinns  the  same 
faultless  symmetry  which  thou  hast  in  thy 
form ;  atid  now,  just  as  thou  hast  ripened  into 
perfection,  and  1  thought  ttiat  tliou  wcrt  taine, 


I 

I 


I 


THE   ROMANS    IN   BBITAl?!. 


103 


another  has  snatched  thee  from  me.  Oh  Clau- 
dia '.  Claudia !  well  mayest  thou  flee  from  tne!" 
With  such  reflections,  and  with  such  vain  la- 
mentations, did  Pudens  sink  at  last  into  his 
restless  slumber. 


CHAPTER  X. 

Wliilr  rou  liPr«>  <lo  •noring  lit, 
OptD-«<r'd  contpiracr 
Uii  lime  doth  laka. 
If  o(  lift  ]H>u  ktcp  •  nr«, 
Stmkc  off  ■lumber,  and  bcTWCi 
Awake  I  Am!*! 

•«ii«  iH  TUB  Tumnn. 


While  Pudcns  was  sleeping,  his  enemiei 
werv  mnturing  &  conspiracy  against  him,  the 
object  of  wliicli  wax  to  di&cuvcr  Claudia's  resi- 
dence, and  perhaps  through  bis  menus,  to  gain 
access  to  her  for  TrgcUinas.  Early  the  next 
morning,  as  he  was  about  to  go  forth  in  quest 
of  another  lodging,  a  magnificent  litter  accom- 
panied by  a  numerous  retinue,  who  cleared 
the  portico  to  make  room  for  it,  deported 
the  wretch,  for  whom  these  efforts  were 
being  made  in  the  Atriuni,  on  a  visit  to 
I'udrns. 
The  wiljr  courtier,  assuming  aa  air  of  the 


I 


THE    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


105 


I 


most  friendly  lamUisrity,  totd  the  inrftlid  that 
be  had  iieard  of  his  accident,  and  wa.i  curae  to 
oSer  him  his  coiidoluncc,  and  likcvriae  to  beg 
him  to  accept  the  shelter  of  bis  own  roof,  until 
better  provided  fur.  Pudens  politcljr  declined 
t)ie  last  offer ;  and,  after  a  mutual  interdiange 
of  oomplimetita,  and  a  biief  conversation  on 
indilTcrant  tupica,  Tigellinus  thus  artfully  in« 
truduced  the  object  of  bis  vint: 

"  Why  you  look  as  pale,  and  as  ifiteresting 
a«  a  poet  in  lore.     Do  you  court  the  muses?" 

"  Very  little ;  1  might  alioost  say  not  at  all," 
answered  Pudens.    "'llieir  sex  are   not  very 

(propitious  to  me.'' 
I  ^  I  am  aure,  then,  that  the  Udtes  do  not 
tliow  Uttir  discernment,"  was  tlie  courteous 
reply.  *'  But  you  must  be  referring  to  the 
women  of  Britain,"  subjoined  the  speaker ; 
"  for  1  am  sore  that  repulsiveness  is  rwt  a  very 
general  fault  among  our  Roman  beauties." 
"  I  have  &peiit  so  little  time  in  Kumit,"  nid 

rPudcns,  "  tiiat  I  do  not  know  much  of  the 
Roman  latlies;  hut  different  suitors,  I  sup- 
pose, meet  different  receptions.  A  person  wlio 
would  ilisdsin  the  ubsciuv  Pudciis,  woujtl 
think   herself   too  honoured,  and   too  tiap|»y, 

r  S 


106 


STOXKUBNGB-,   OR, 


to   receive  attentions  Irom  the 
linus." 

"  I  have  no  reason  to  complftin,"  ohnerred 
the  self-complacent  courtier ;  "  but  what  sort 
of  women  are  they  in  Britain — •  set  of  savages 
I  suppose?" 

"  Not  flo  bad  as  they  are  rcprescntod,'*  waa 
the  reply. 

"  I  wonder  Low  tltey  would  bear  schooling 
in  Rome,"  said  Tigellinus.  "  Did  you  ever 
try  one  ?" 

Pudens  wns  a  little  posed  at  this  question  ; 
he,  however,  replied, 

"  The  Gods  forefend  tluit  I  ahould  ever  have 
the  trouble  of  im|K)rtJng  a  nomnn  frotn  Britain 
to  Konte  :  1  ithuuld  think  to  import  a  British 
mastiff  would  be  a  inucli  better  speculation.  I 
suppose  you  know  the  strength  and  countge  of 
the*c  dogs,  do  you  not  ?" 

"  I  know  something  about  them,**  answered 
his  visitor,  "  for  1  have  three,  which  cost  me 
more  than  my  two  lions ;  and  the  purchue  of  my 
lions  took  very  ncnriy  half  my  share  of  the 
confiscation  of  old  Lucutlus's  estate.  But  we 
shall   know  Roniethiii^  mure  of  Ute  pluck  of 


thete  dogs  to-day ;  for  there  is  to  be  a  gT«nd 


THB    BDMANa    IN   BBITAIN.  10? 

Iiunt  of  Cliri*ttana  In  the  drcut.  Theu  hor- 
hlile  wrctclws  toe  to  don  th«  skins  of  wild 
bessta,  and  we  are  to  hare  m  glorious  hunt ; 
which,  incle«(l,  it  was  one  of  mj  ohjects  in 
ciJIing,  to  ask  you  to  Bcconipauiy  me  lo 
witness." 

Padens  coold  hardl}-  conceal  an  involuntary 
shudder  at  tliin  proposal ;  but  excused  hintielf, 
on  aixount  of  his  ill  healtli ;  which,  having  been 
referred  to  by  his  xisitor  himself,  was  a  ground 
of  apology  w)iich  he  could  not  refuse 

Our  hero  was  just  pluming  himself  on  his 
success  in  giving  the  conversation  such  a  turn, 
when  TiiTcUinas,  by  «  skilful  manoeurre, 
farought  it  bock  n^n  to  tlte  point  from  wliid) 
it  hod  diverged. 

"  Talkiiii;  about  tlie  circus,  and  about  British 
women,"  said  he,  "  you  know,  Lucan,  1  dare 
say.  He  onco  brought  a  splendid  British  girl 
to  Ute  theatre  with  his  wife.  Did  you  ever  see 
her?" 

llten  was  no  eroding  tliisquestion;  Pudciis, 
tbordbre,  answered  in  tlte  affirmative. 

"  1  have  not  seen  her  for  a  long  time,"  ob- 
■orred  TigeiUjius  ;  **  do  yuu  know  wliera 
alio  is  r' 


108 


STONKBBNUe;   OR, 


"  No,  I  do  not,  indeed,''  replied  Pudens. 

The  courtier  put  several  other  very  ingenioas 
in terrugn tones  to  elicit  tlie  residence  of  C'laudia ; 
but  was  tiot)  of  couniC>  succesitful,  becaoBe 
Pudens  was  as  ignorant  as  himself: — a  tact, 
however,  of  which  all  his  axseverations  ittiled 
to  oon\inee  I'^igellinus.  The  monster  at  lost 
took  liis  leave,  with  many  protestations  of 
fiiendship,  hut  with  adeterininalion, neverthe- 
less, to  make  wliat  use  lie  could  of  Padeits  in 
promoting  his  designs,  without  the  least  licniplc 
of  sacrifldng  him,  should  it  be  necessary,  or 
even  convenient. 

On  quitting  the  house,  he  left  stiict  injunc- 
tions with  Kpaphroditua  to  keep  strict,  but 
private  watch  over  his  guest,  who,  he  doubted 
not,  would  Roou  direct  his  steps  towards  the 
abode  of  hta  mistress,  and  thus  reveal  the 
secret  which  he  was  so  anxious  to  discover. 
In  tilts  expectation,  however,  ho  was  disap- 
pointed ;  for  Epictctus  liad  heard  the  wily 
scheme,  and  immediately  forewarned  Pudens 
Sf^ainst  it,  who  consequently  remained,  though 
very  reluctantly,   a   close  prisoner. 

Things  continued  in  tlils  perplexing  state  fur 
a  considerable  time ;  when,  one  day,  Cams,  an 


the  I 


THB    nOUANS    IN     IIHITAIN. 

iinate  fhend  of  TigclUnus,  called  upon 
Pudens,  and  proposed  to  sccompanr  tiim  to 
the  batlis. 

Cams  was  not  unknown  to  him,  la  one  of 

most  notorious  of  that  infumDUs  class  of 

Bt  Rome,  called  IMatores*  who  gained 

their  livelihood  by  accusations;  but  be  thought 

more  polite  to  comply  with  his  request,  how- 
lYcr  odious,  than  to  incur  tbc  resentment  of 
•0  dangerous  an  enemy  by  a  refusal.  As  the 
'OM»i/ur,  or  courts  of  law,  lay  in  tlicir  way, 
Carua  begged  Pudens  to  excuse  hia  absence 
for  a  few  momeniS)  while  tie  stepped  into  the 
hall,  and  meanwhile  to  occupy  himself  with 
^nciiig  over  ttie  teeming  listA  of  persons  ac- 
euMd.  While  the  laltor  was  thus  engau;ed, 
be  heard  his  compiuiion  reciting  the  usual  funn 
of  accusation,  called  nominu  (klatio,f  against 
•ome  person,  whose  name  he  requested  tlie 
Pnetor's  pcrmisuon  to  enter  in  the  list  of  the 
accused. 

I     A  tablet  wax,  accordingly,  given  to  him,  upon 

whicli  he  wrote  somvtliing,  and  prmented  it  to 

tlie  Pnetor,  who   having  rend  it,  entered  into  a 

hort  conversation  Hith  him  in  an  under  voice. 

■  i«T.  SaL  *.  311,  and  KUtt.  lib.  xn..  *f.  ». 

t  Sec  Ailtn'i  •od  Ktanetl'i  R«niaii  Antuivitle*. 


hton'ekengb;  ob, 


At  the  close  of  tliia  ronvcTsation,  to  Pndcns  s 
suq)rUe,  a  lictur  wns  dispatcticd  to  liim  to  call 
his  uttention  to  the  Pnctur,  who  thus  Bildrcsscd 
him  •,~- 

"  Aulus  Piideii.i,  you  stand  accased  of  two 
capital  uO'eiiccs,  criiften  maJetlatiSf  or  the  crime 
of  treason  ;  and  eritnen  laerilegii,  or  the  crime 
of  sacrilege.  I  appoint  one  month  from  this 
day,  for  you  to  take  your  trial  respecting  the 
said  crimes.  Are  you  pTegiared  with  sureties 
for  your   appeiirance  on  that  day  ?" 

Pudens,  whine  dismay  and  axtoiiisliment  at 
this  unexpected  accusation  can  be  better 
imagined  than  described,  replied,  that  he  had 
no  sureties  present,  for  he  knew  of  no  crime 
which  could  he  laid  to  his  rliarge  ;  but  that, 
although  he  had  itot  resided  in  Rome  long 
enough  to  know  tliat  it  was  dangerous  for  an 
innocent  person  to  walk  tite  streets  witlioot 
sureties,  yet  he  had  resided  long  enough  to  be 
nble  to  rely  upon  Uie  friendly  services  of  one 
or  two  persons,  who,  he  felt  assured,  voald 
readily  ooni«  forward,  and  whose  names  wen 
a  suflicient  i!:uarantee  of  his  innocence.  Me 
then  named  Seneca,  Lucan,  and  Pctronius. 

Carua  Kmiled  significantly  at  tlie  Pm;tor,  w1h> 
returned  tlie  smile ;  and  tiie  latter  told  Pudens 


I 


I 


THE    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN.  Ill 

that  if  he  was  unprepared  witli  sureties  iti 
court,  it  was  his  duty  to  commit  him  to  the 
cuatodjr  of  a  centarion,  to  whom  he  consigned 
him  accordingly,  giving  directions,  howerer, 
tb»t  no  annecessary  restndnt  should  be  used, 
but  that  he  should  be  allowed  the  highest 
d^ree  of  libnty  compatible  with  his  safe 
costody,  for  which,  of  course,  he  should  hold 
the  centurion  himself  responsible. 


CHAPTER  XI. 


Tp  Vnpttt^lrm.  ccrlo  mullo  lalt  scnrnn, 
Fradlill  melts,  nilulr  tlnretthun  auicari 
Std  itatt  t  nuraan  fracu  nir  dffon  nsUiuM. 


Tva*  thtDc,  vben  cloudlew  sliooc  the  Mure  Aj, 
To  itti  tlic  hccdleu  crew  ■  tuina  ■■>  ol(h  ; 
Aad  when  Ihc  hopflru  vrtck  btwlnw'd  ihe  amln. 
*T«u  UiiM  to  tell  dwm  bII  Ibclr  letn  wcra  rai«. 


TriBRE  in  a  certnin  degree  in  Ujc  scaU  of 
affliction,  beyond  which  caJamitiea  ceavc  to 
produce  their  ordinary  efTect,  and  sometinet 
have  even  an  oppoaile  tendency,  as  water  in 
the  act  of  congelation  is  warmer  than  wlicn  at 
the  freexing  point,  and  when  in  Uie  act  ofebu* 
lition,  is  cooler  than  immediately  before !  In 
accordance  with  this  moral  paradox,  thr 
trevcheruus  cruelty  of  which  Pu<ii^ns  had  be- 
come a  Tiottm,  did  not  enhance  hi*  mental 
sufferings,  but  on  the   contrary,  afTorded  luia 


THE    BOVAXa    IS    BRITAIN.  1 L3 

an  inile6nable  but  positire  sensation  of  plea- 
sure. 

"  Tes,"  said  be  to  himself,  in  bitter  mockery, 
"  this  instance  of  the  faithlessness  of  man 
is  a  very  proper  accompaniment  to  that  of  the 
fickleness  of  woman ;  neither  would  be  quite 
complete  without  the  other." 

The  chill  which  he  had  received  from  the 
conduct  of  Chiudia,  had  made  him  so  reck- 
less of  his  fate,  that,  although  he  felt  confident 
that  a  line  from  himself  to  either  of  his  firiendN, 
would  Uberate  him  from  custody,  upon  their 
reaponiiibility,  so  far  was  he  from  writttig 
that  line,  that  he  gloried  in  his  imprisonment, 
and  would  rather  have  had  his  hand  am- 
putated, than  have  availed  himself  of  its  aisist' 
mnce.  Tlie  only  shadow  of  disinclination  to 
his  captivity,  of  which  he  was  sensible,  arose 
from  its  disabUng  him  from  prosecutinj;  his 
aearch  af^r  Claudia,  of  whose  fat<  and  for- 
tunes be  could  not  endure  being  left  wholly 
ignorant.  The  same  recklessness,  arising  fn^in 
liope  deferred,  until  his  heart  was  sick,  mailc 
him  perfectly  indifferent  as  to  the  accusation 
under  which  he  lay,  and  inactive  as  U>  his 
defence. 

Although  the  centorioo,  to  whcwc  custody  he 


114 


stonkuknbb;  or. 


vRs  committed,  being  naturally  of  an  humane 
{] imposition,  was  kind  and  attentive,  he  tru 
a  strict  disciplinarian,  and,  moreover,  a  very 
coitKcieiUious  man.  He  felt  bis  humanity 
appealed  to  by  the  unfortunate  situation  of  J 
his  prisoner;  hut  this  did  not  allow  him  to  ' 
dispense  with  the  chain,  with  which  it  wis 
customar)'  to  Kccure  penons  in  similar  ctr- 
cumstances  ;*  nnr  did  he  ihink  it  consistent 
with  his  views  of  moral  rectitude  to  indulge  in 
too  much  familiarity,  until  he  felt  sssurcd  that 
his  companion's  ctinnictcr  was  unsullied  with 
any  real  turpitude.  As  soon,  llien-fiire,  as  the 
unsocial  sullcnness  produc«<i  by  t'udens's  sense 
of  injustice  had  subsided,  he  availed  himself  | 
of  the  first  opportunity  of  inquiring  into  the 
{^unds  of  the  accusation  against  him.  Nor 
did  he  remain  long  unsatisfied;  for  Pudens, 
willj  that  frankness  which  characterized  him. 
gave  him  more  ample  details  of  his  eventful 
history,  than  were  rrquircd  for  mere  exculpa- 
tion. 

Henceforth,  Uicy  hccjune  more  friendly,  and 
enjoyed    several   agreeable    conversations    to- 

•  S[.  Piul  AlludM  la  tliii  chaiti  ^Acu  IB,  ck.  ».),  «hcn 
lie  itjh  furtbc  bopeof  linul.  I  un  btHind  aiib  ihb  chna^ 
5h  Palty;  Harm  Palimm,  dL  «,  JV*,  &. 


TUB    BOUANS    IN     KRITAIN. 


113 


nxniig 
^I«  re 


gcther,  in  the  coarse  of  which,  Ptideni  hti[>- 
pened,  one  day,  to  give  his  (fompanion  ui 
account  of  bis  former  voyage  to  Rome,  and 
tlte  shipwreck,  and  d&n^rs  to  which  he  h&d 
l>eeii  exposed.  When  he  hod  Bni&hcd  this 
part  of  the  narrative,  the  Centurion,  who  had 
listened  with  the  most  marked  intrrest,  told 
bim,  to  his  surpriiu-,  that  he,  too,  had  been 
wrecked  in  the  very  same  storm,  at  Malta,  after 
having  been  tossed  about  for  a  fortnight. 
le  related,  moreover,  "  tliat  a  prisoner  on 
bis  vessel  bod  foretold  the  storm,  when 
the  sun  was  shinning  bright,  and  the  Alexan- 
flrian  sailors  hod  prognostieutcd  a  fair  voyage ; 
and  tliitt  afterwards,  when  thrt  tempest  raged, 
and  neitlter  son  nw  stars  were  visible,  and 
every  cioak  of  the  nhij)  seemed  the  last,  that 
tJte  ume  prisoner  had  assured  theoi   that  not 

ksoal  sliuuid  perish ;  and  that  so  it  luid  bap- 
med :  for,  tiutwitlistanding  tlie  vessel  was 
Lshcd  to  pieces,  on  a  Ice  shore."  said  the 
Centurion,  '*  every  individual  of  the  craw, 
amounting  to  two  hundred  and  seventy-six 
1^  escaped  Boiely. — 


Not  *a  Murb  rtnUUaa  u  ■n  Utr, 
Ihllil  lo  kn]P  cmluro  In  lh«  rewl  ! 

4nu«rr.4sa. 


GTONEBEMaK;   OR, 

Puden«'s  comiMinkm  and  guard,  indeed, 
narrated  to  Ititii  nil  the  superbumnn  erenU, 
whicli  are  recorded  in  tbe  27th  Chapter  of 
the  Acts  of  the  Apoxtleit,  where  this  perilous 
voyage  is  iiumitiibly  deNcrihecl  :  for  tlie 
prisoner,  referred  t»  bj:  him  was  rtone  other 
tlian  Sl  Paul ;  and  he  who  now  told  the  tale 
was  Julius,  the  Onturion  of  Augustus's  Baud' 

The  reader  need  hardly  be  informed  that 
the  Apostle  vox  indebted  to  thLii  Centorioo 
for  the  prcscnrntion  of  hi«  life :  but  wc  may 
infer,  from  the  Centurion's  subsequent  character, 
that  this  obligation  was  not  altogether  unre- 
quited by  him  who  had  received  it.  Pudena 
was  very  anxious  to  knuw  what  had  become 
of  this  illustrious  prisoner  and  prophet ;  and 
the  Centurion  told  him  that  be  bad  brought 
him  to  Rome,  and  delivered  him  over  to  the 
Captain  of  the  guard,  of  whom  be  had  made 
a  proselyte ;  and  that  in  the  course  of  his 
journey  he  had  performed  many  miracles,  and 
amongst  others,  had  escaped  unhurt  firom  tbe 
coiU  of  a  venomous  viper ! 

'Hiis  conversation  led  them  to  advert  to  the 
sufferings  of  tlie  Christians,— 

"  I  pity  these  poor  wretches  with  all  my 
soul,"  said    Pudens  :  "  for— to  relate  what   I 


1 


K 


THR    ROMANS    IN    BIIITMN. 

ftfrxtd  seems  incredilile — iiftfr  vrilnessing 
the  moiit  revolting  crjcllics  perpetrate*!  upon 
tliem,  I  liappened  to  enter  one  oftlicir  asscni- 
blien  by  accident,  tiid  there  I  Itearil  them  pmy 
to  tlii'ir  GihIs  on  behalf  of  tliose  very  jtersons 
who  were  Uion  tiiflieting,  and  luxuriating  tn, 
their  nufTering*." 

"  Take  care,"  said  Juliu*.  "  if  you  would 
not  sliare  their  fate,  you  should  he  silent  as 
to  their  merit*. ** 

*'  1  Iwve  no  winli  to  share  their  fate,  I  assure 
you,"  aimwered  Pudens;  "  hut  I  cannot  help 
pitying  it :  and  if  1  am  not  more  deceived  tlian 
I  ever  ncultect  to  have  tieeii  in  any  judgment 
whieh  I  have  formed  of  my  fellow-creatuie*, 
I  most  say  that  it  apjx-jirs  to  me  ver}'  un< 
deserved," 
"1  do  trot  wonder,*'  replied  Julius,  «  that 
u  are  now  my  prisoner,  if  such  Bentimcnta 
ka  these  escaped  you,  in  the  houv^  of  Kpaphro- 
ditua  ;  hat  let  me  rocawtncnd  you,  my  young 
friend,  tu  he  more  cautious." 

*'  As  lor  that,"  observed  Pudcns,  "  you  will 
not  bdroy  roc." 

"  Y«u  Iiave  known  me,  as  yet,  but   a   few 
houra,"  aaJd  Julius,  "  and  how  is  it  powiblc 


tis 


dtonriiknok;   or, 


for  you  to   be  sure  that  I    khall  not   betray 
yoo?" 

"  Well,'"  repliMj  Pudens,  "  I  mi  it  your 
mercy,  then ;  but  I  would  rather  be  betrayed 
than  suspect.'' 

"  You  need  not  fear  me,"  observed  Julius, 
"  I  only  wished  to  ineiiU'ato  n  little  caution, 
thnn  which  tiutbiiig  \*  more  ncccRsnry  in  these 
perilous  times ;  and  the  want  of  which,  1 
think,  lias  brought  us  into  such  close  society : 
but,  to  return  your  fmnkneAS,  I  do  not  dissj^ree 
with  you  in  the  opinion  which  yon  hare  ei- 
prc^cd  ;  untl  I  must  tell  you  further,  that  the 
person  whom  you  heard  preaching  a  few  nights 
since,  is  the  very  individual  of  whom  I  have 
been  telling  you — the  prisoner,  and  the  prophet, 
of  the  storm,  and  the  wreck  t" 

PudenG*a  surprise  was  only  equalled  by  his 
curiosity  to  see  this  mysterious  penouage 
again. 

"  1   am  not   much  astonished   at  what  yon 

[retate>'*  said  he  to  Julius,  "  for  when  I  r«flect 

a   little,    there    nas    something    more     tlian 

liuiiiao  about   Uic  Kjtcakcr.     1  would  give  my 

life  to  hear  that  innn  again." 

"  Permit  roe  to  ask   you  one  question,"  said 


TUB    ROMAKB    IX    BBITAIN. 


119 


t 
I 


Julius,  Mmestl}-.  "  You  *re  «  soldier,  as  well 
myself.  Yoa  know  the  decrees  ag&iiist 
people  of  Iiis  religion,  or  superstition,  if  you 
please. — If  you  knew  the  residence  ot  this  idU!* 
should  yoii  think  it  your  duty  to  cite  him 
before  the  Frietor  i" 

"  Certainly  not,"  replici)  Pudens,  "  from 
anything  which  I  know  of  him.  If  he  hod 
wTuught  any  ill  against  the  state  or  Uie 
Kni|>en)r,  I  Hhould  think  it  my  duty  tu  report 
him ;  but  I  du  not  believe  that  such  a  man 
could  injure  either." 

"  Then,"  sud  Julius,  "  m  be  appear*  to 
hare  excited  your  cariosity  so  much,  and  as  i 
feel  Mviured  you  will  not  betray  him,  you  shall 
know  more  of  him." 

Sometime  after  this  conversation,  Uie  Cen- 
turion stnt^d,  that  he  luu)  xomo  hasinesx  to 
transact  in  the  neighbourhood,  and  a>ked 
Padens  whctlier  he  would  accompany  him. 
The  latter  having  consented,  liicy  called 
to|fcthcr  St  a  amall  shnp  in  an  obscure  street, 
which  appeared  to  he  ttmt  of  a  tent  maker. 
It  was  about  the  hour  of  the  siesta,  when  the 
tnhiJ>itants  of  Home  were  accustomed  to  take 
»  brief  re)>OH' ;  the  excessive  heat  of  the  Hun 


HTONKHRN-RR;    OB, 

obliging  them  to  suspend  their  labours  for  an 
hour  or  two. 

Pudvna  would  have  roncludcd  that  tlw 
owner  of  tlic  shop,  and  the  other  inmates  of  the 
houm,  hod  commenced  their  siesta,  but  for  I 
the  eircutnstsnce  of  henring  n  voice,  ns  of  a 
person  rending,  in  an  inner  apartment.  Tliitlicr 
the)'  directed  thctr  KtepH ;  snid  there  t])ey  saw 
a  man,  apptirentlv  the  master  of  the  house,  I 
busily  employed  in  cutting  out  cloth  for  tents, 
and,  at  the  same  time,  dictating  to  a  person 
who  was  wnting  at  a  tabic  near  him.  UHiat 
with  his  manual  exsrcise,  and  his  mental 
exertion,  the  spoaher  sccmtd  too  busily 
occupied  to  notice  bis  customers,  and 
pursued  his  instructions  to  the  foUowing 
effect :—  m^M 

"  For  many  walk,  of  whom  I  hare  told  ytra 
often,  and  now  tell  you,  even  weeping,  tliat 
they  are  the  enemies  of  the  cross  of  Christ." — 

The  latter  part  of  thb  sentence  was  ut- 
terei)  M'ith  such  tender  and  deep  emotion,  that 
his  voic«  was  broken  and  hardly  intcUi^iUe: 
but  he  appeared  to  be  pourtrsying  tlie  chs- 
nicter  of  those  to  whom  be  bad  referred  :  for 
he  concluded    the    sentence  with    this    trait. 


( 


TBR    ROUANS    IN     BttlTAlK. 


131 


^ 


wbich  he  uttered  in  «  aad  and  solemn  man- 
ner:— 

— "  Wliu  mind  earllity  tkinga." 
He  then  imruied  in  au  increasngly  nnimated 
tone: — 

"  But  our  conrerattion  is  in  Heaven  from 

whence   aUo    wc    look    for  the  Saviour,  tin 

Lord    Jcsu»  Cbhst,   who    bliall   change    our 

I      i-ile  bod)-,  tJiat  it  may  bo  fashioned  Like  unto 

Hltis  glorious  body." 

^f  As  tlie  speaker  dictated  tiiia  Utter  )>enod, 
the  tcnt-elotb  dropped  from  his  hands,  wliich 
he  clasi>cd  upon  his  breast,  and  turned  bU 
eyes  upward  ;  while  an  ardour,  Huch  as  poet* 
only  fc>gi)>  irradiated  hin  eves,  and  lighted 
whole  of  his  care  and  toil-wom  couo- 


up 


nee. 


On    his  raising  hb    bead,  Pndou  irane- 
cly  reoognised  the  featnica  of  the  ontor 
the  pfeceding  ereoing ;  toe,  at  sooth,  th» 
was  St.   Psal,  dictatii^  Ua  EfMtl* 
the  Ptiihppians,  to  ^wpttradltai^  wbu 
writing  it  from  his  lips  '. 

Our  hero,  of  coorse,  Umacd  uiak 


anxious,  if 


aot  lo 


rOable ;  but  sudi  was  ifce  aw*,  as  W  aAM* 


VOL.   III. 


IS2 


STONEBENaB;    OB, 


wardi  exprt«>ed  it,  vhich  the  appeanuwe  i 
the  Apnstlc  inspired,  t]i*t  be  could  but  etteh 
here  and  there  a  Bcntmcc,  until  tbc  speikcT 
proceeded  in  a  more  deliberate  and  ^d*ctic 
manner,  anxious,  apparently,  to  gire  cffMt 
to  CTory  word  of  the  following  exbort*- 
tion:— 

"  Pinalljr,  brother,  vhnUocrcr  things  ire 
true — whatsoever  things  are  honest — whl^ 
soever  things  are  just — whatsoever  thin^ 
are  pare — whatsocrcr  things  are  lovtljr— 
whatsoever  things  are  of  good  report— if 
there  be  any  Tirtue,  tnd  if  there  be  u; 
praise,  think  on  those  things."* 

The  greater  juirt  of  what  followed  ftecraed 
to  be  of  a  more  private  nature  :  but  there  «i* 
a  salutation  from  Cosor'a  household  whieb 
particularly  strucV  Padms. 

Whether  it  was  that  the  divine  uoctioa 
which  inspired  tbc  Apostle  and  hia  fcllov- 
labourer,  so  absorbed  their  souls,  u  ti 
bar  nil  the  nrenucs  of  communication  ""lA 
the  outward  world,  except  so  far  as  ittf 
senses  were  necessarily  employed  in  ihdr' 
spiittual  emptojment ;  or  whether  it  b^ 
Pliilipp.  I*.  8. 


^ 


TRI   BOUANB    IN    BRITAIN. 


123 


pened  merely  casually,  I  will  not  attempt  to 
determine;  bat  certainly  so  it  was,  that 
nnther  of  them  were  sensible,  or  at  least 
•iqieared  sensible,  of  the  presence  of  the  in- 
truders, until  they  bad  completed  their 
Heaven-assigned  task  ! 


Q  3 


124 


stonkhrnob;  oa. 


CHAPTER  XII. 

Fortunali  *niml  '■  <]tioil  pkiicii  t«4iti)[il  olim, 
Ilauiisti  morUlii  adbuc  mortolibua  orii 
Luci*  lawc«i»  juliar,  immemonbile  taiecn '. 

Ilia  tibi  liro  nublntB  niibc  laeri 
On  'IhIuih  Ml,  quorum  upmtii  illu*tnlii  brnntnr 
Oin(ii4,  <Lilir  atiifiiTtt  vix  po**u»t  ccrncrr  uicnU'St 
Aliluum  ctclrBldin  irira,  fcvnn  incolii  cwli. 
Forlanair  uniiiii  1  quliin  duici  prclui  imafe 
Tune  tlbi  dkiiriibiit !  qimnu  dutCFclini  I   quail 
Ncclarc  pcrfuaui  prEcordla  diiCillabM  ! 
TimotbRUi  Libit  laile,  ftc. 

HTM.  Tio«,  P40i»  arofT. 


When  tli«  Apostle  and  bis  companion 
terminated  their  divine  labours,  Pudens  was 
introduced  to  tbem  by  tbe  centurion ;  and,  as 
soon  as  an  opportunity  occurred,  with  a  grace- 
ful diffidence,  expressed  the  pleasure  which 
be  should  feci  in  rcccinng  any  instmction  as 
to  tbe  immortality  of  the  soul,  which  he  in* 
terred,  from  what  he  had  heard,  was  one  of  the 
dof^mas  which  the  Christians  were  active  in 
promulgating. 

St,  Paul,  witi)  &  mingled  dignity  and  stm- 


plirity  of  nuuiner,  accorded  with  his  request; 
mid  pcrccirinj;  from  his  f)ucAtion!i  that,  he 
was  well  acquainted  with  the  writings  of  the 
ancient  phi]o«uphers  on  thia  subject,  adapted 
the  style  of  his  conTcrsntioii  to  the  capacity  of 
luM  auditor,  and  gnvc  full  scope  to  oil  tluit 
erudition  and  intellectual  power — tliat  roaxterjr 
of  argument  and  control  uf  langun^ — with 
wliidi   he  onoe  made  the  walls  of  the  Areo- 

jus  tremble. 

I'udens  had  read,  and  read  with  intense 
letight,  tlie  sublime  tneditations  of  Plato;  but 

greater  than  llato  now  stontl  before  him. 
le  had,  indeed,  soared  with  the  pliilosopher, 
in  those  lofty  flights  which  had  made  the 
world  look  small  beneath  him ;  but  still  he  had 
only  risen  to  the  region  of  the  clouds,  and 
thexc  seemed  a  darkness,  and  a  cohlneai 
around  him  which  he  was  unable  to  sunnount: 
but,  now,  he  seemed  to  baak  in  the  sunsliine. 
The  Apostle  spoke  not  as  though  wiAhing  to 
oonibat  witli  his  own  doubts,  or  as  exprcsang 
his  Iwpes,  ratlter  than  his  belief;  but  he  spoke 
like  one  who  had  conversed  witli  the  riseti 
dead,  and  who  tuul  seen  an  ascended  Saviour, 
and  belield  in  his  body  tlie  pn>totT{ic  of  glori- 
fied humanity  :  nay,  more  than  this,  the  Apos- 


136  BTOKP.ttRX-OS;   OH, 


^ 


tie  bad  himself  been,  for  a  season,  divested  of 
U)e  eartlii;:  house  of  this  tahemade;  and  lud 
visited  the  mysterioufl  mansions,  and  partki* 
patcd  ill  the  ineffable  raptures  of  disembodied 
spirits !     He  had  anticipated  the  time, 

XS'licn  tlila  lanutliil 
Shall   Iinie  vanialii^il  like  >  cloud-^ 
Wlivn^  aiiiiil  Ihv  wiilr  nlb«ri«l, 

All  llii>*  ioriiiblc  absll  crovd  l 
Aat!  Ihi'  naked  >uul.  aMrrnandcd 

By  inniiaioroui  hoiU  of  light. 
Triumph  in  tbc  view  unbounded, 

And  mlatr.  the  Inllnit*. 

And  lie  alone  of  all  mortals  could  tell — 

In  lh*l  luddeo,  itringe  tmuilioiii 
BfwbU  Drw  and  fsscr  Brnx 

BodI*  »1i>11  gr»pth«  niightjr  rlaliMi 
And  adom  Ju  inSucon. 

CONDOK. 

It  is,  indeed,  trae  tliat  his  holy  tips  were 
sealed,  and  tliat  he  durst  not  repeal  the 
mysteries  of  the  unseen  worid ;  but  his  liavin; 
been  personally  initiated  into  them  gave  hi« 
language  a  vividness,  an  ardour,  and  an  ao- 
thority,  such  as  mortal  language  haa  rarely  I 
been  accompanied  with.*     Speaking,  therefore, 

•  "  And  if  it  wm  firta  ID  mj  of  ui  io  Me  pindtai,  at 
tl>«  Ihinl  bvKTcn,  (u  it  wut  to  St.  PanU  co«ld  ll  hr  ibat 
rvtr  wt  ihould   Ion  in^ihin;  but  Cbrl*!,  oc   talk*  snf 


TBE    BOHAXB    DT   mVWAtS,  177 


or  the  immorUlitjF  of  tte 
unwarcring  convtctioD  M  onid  ealf  be  < 
from  experieDoe  or  rmbtaon,  be 
MBC  divine  oracU,  to  etmmmad  beBe£. 
liiteDed  widi  mch  utention  m  ve  im; 
LftodomutpudtotiiebnefcooTcmtioBaf  bcv 
dei»it«d  lord,  ProleaJUm,  wbea  be  wis  al> 
lowed  to  pay  a  tfaree  boon^  rait  to  this 
nibignu  world ;  and  when,  mt  poets  (agn, 

H         lb  itak*  of  lofr,  Md  tort  w  •pirito  M 

H  Ng  fMn  ki  Wan  aWKf— no  OcifaM  bri— 
H  TiM  put  uBigh'4  for  ■■«  ito  Aitoi«  Mn  t 

^M  Fp«L*  or  brrajc  «tt  la  fnm  mmai 
^M  K(TiT«l.  witk  Aatr  fcirwoaji  fwimil ; 

H  nf  ■!!  iim  ti  iiii  hi—iniiM    iiM|iiii  iMii 
^1  la  hfrfHT  bMMf  I  «er«  pdlood  iiRaMM^ 

^U  Aa  aoiplcr  Mtrtr.  •  itnutt  tir, 
^H  AmI  lirlili  inrncol  irilli  p<npBt«»l  ibaaa; 

H  <.UiiiTC>hkkil»iDB.«hoibtdiib>Wri^l^4v 
^^  B««1k  lUHim,  1*  M  uowwtb]-  u  inner  ' 

r 


When  the  rapt  apustlo  bad  ceased  bU  di»- 


.  guide  but  tbe  (ytrit,  or  deiin  aaylhinf  bat  btaren.  oi 
itad(f«tuil  anrtbiBf  to  bt  ploHant  bat  ohM  *bkU  l«>4 
iUUmt*"— AartibreltHCMU  J(r«ay  Tayiix  tu  bi)  bouilfsl 
Of  ilM  *plrll  of  Or*M. 


SSB 


stonbhsnob;  ob 


coune,  hin  j'oun^  auditor,  as  though  avaken- 
.ing  from  some  beautiful  trance,  exclaimed, 
*'  Holy  man!  when  I  read  Plato's'  spiritual 
fthstrnctions,  I  hoped  for  the  soul's  immorta- 
lity ;  when  I  conversed  with  the  Druids,  1 
belifvrd  it;  but  since  I  have  listened  to  too, 
I  AnoK'  it  Surely  you  must  be  he  who  our 
philosopher  hus  tuld  us  would  come  to  clear 
up  tii«se  myNteri«!t,  and  reveal  more  perfectly 
the  destinies  of  man." 

*'  Nay/'  mid  he  whose  humility  did  not 
think  himself  worthy  to  be  called  ao  apostk, 
**  1  am  but  the  minister  of  him  of  whom  your 
sages  have  ilrmmt,  and  your  poets  sung.  Him 
whom  you  ignomnUy  wursliip,  ta  the  unknown 
God,  Him  declare  I  unto  you." 

He  then  proceeded  to  iweal  the  nature  and 
jittrihut«s  of  the  deity  in  u  muntier  in  which 
Pudens  had  never  l>efore  hoard  them  re- 
presented.  He  hud,  indeed,  heard  of  a  being 
of  infinite  [k»«er,  even  of  perfect  purity ;  bat 
he  tind  not  heard,  nor  could  ever  have  conceived 
the  idea  (^  auch  a  being  having  so  tender  a 
symjKithy  in  his  creatures,  as  to  'be  touched 
witi)  the  feeling  of  their  infirmities.' 

Oh)  what  consolation  did  his  wounded  spirit 


TIIK    ROMANS   IN    BRITAIN. 


139 


receirc  fmm  this  new  of  hia  rdatiiin 
,  lo  hi>  Maker '.  How  unlike  the  repulnn 
IndifTerancc  of  tb«  stoic's  doctrine  seemed  the 
I's  !  He  brgau  alreadj  to  feel,  what 
Idding  bas  so  eloquently  expressed  in  the 
llovring  comparison  between  pliiloaoptiy  siid 
;ioa,  "  Pliilosopliy  makes  us  vaer,  bol 
Chriattantty  tnkkes  ua  better  men ;  PkUiuophy 
tlevaia  atuttteeU  tlui  mind :  Christianilj  t^flau 
and  tveeleat  ii.  The  fonncr  makes  as  the 
objects  of  liuman  odmirstiou ;  tfae  latter  of 
dirine  love.     That  ensures  us  a  temporal,  but 

■iAu  an  eternal  tiappincss." 
I  St.  I'aul,  after  having  giren  Pudcnt  such 
instruction  m  circiim*tanc«a  allowed,  pronb- 
ed  lo  senil  him  a  teacher,  wlio  would  explain 
the  aubject  more  fully  to  faiin;  and  aooordingly 
on  tlie  niuTTow  lie  WH  visited  by  a  pale, 
udious  looldog  young  man,  whose  fervent 
spirit  had.  as  it  appeared,  almoat  out-wom 
its  wGAkly  intcguRienl.  His  new  teacher'* 
knowledge,  was  not  so  varied  as  that  of  tlie 
iiitcUcctuftl  Apostle ;  nor  when  he  ((Mike  on 
the  glorious  mysteries  of  tJtc  Ciiriktian  reli- 
gion, did  he  speak  witli  tliat  rapturous  en- 
thumsni,  -which  diaraetcriMd  the  ooureno* 


^: 


1B0 


BTON'RIIR.VOB  ;    OR, 


tion  of  the  half  glorified  saint ;  but  there 
xomcthing  innguhtrly  sublime  atid  spiritual  in 
his  manner,  which  bexpoke  a  mind  unsullied, 
bf  the  sordid,  sensual  pursuits  of  mankind ; 
as  though  his  thoughts  and  affections  cxiuld 
derive  no  sustenance  iirom  things  below.  He 
was  one  to  whom  wc  might  apply  the  expres- 
aon  of  his  master,  '  not  of  the  earth  earthy,' 
Under  the  tuition  of  the  pure-lived  Timothy— 
for  him  we  have  been  describing — Pudens 
made  rapid  progress  in  divine  lore;  although 
he  did  not  give  immediate  assent  to  the  super- 
natural truths  of  ClirLstiaoity,  nor,  indeed  it 
onoe  acquiesce  in  tlic  propriety  of  all  its 
tenet*. 

There  were  some  things,  it  must  be  acknow- 
ledged, which  he  heard  with  repugnance ;  and 
many  at  which  he  felt  not  slightly  oflended. 
Among  the  tirtt  was  the  subservience  of  reaMQ 
to  fiuth  ;  which,  until  Iwttcr  instructed,  he  pm- 
sumptvously  called  tlie  preference  of  ignorance 
to  knowledge.  Again,  he  was  greatly  offended 
at  that  mysterious  diange  in  the  very  views 
and  motives  of  human  actions  whlcli  was  de- 
manded ;  and  which,  he  mistakingly  said,  was 
abrogating  the  office  of  conscience,  as  though 


THE  R0HAK8   IX   aBtTAIM. 

one  should  say,  that  correcting  dw  abetntionii 
of  the  ncc<ilc,  hy  utronomicftl  oilcuhtioiu,  ta 

f.tupersc«llng  the  use  of  the  compass !  Another 
objection  vbich  he  made  to  tbe  Christian  nlt- 
gioQ  WM  its  un compromising  natarr,  wlndi, 
ha  observed,  seemed  incompatible  with  sadb  • 

B  mixed  st«tc  as  the  piescat,  where  m  aiBf 
claims  diTidc  tiic  lieart ;  and,  he  added, 

t discordant  claims  dthcr.     But  what 
him    more  titan  all  waa  tbe 
which  it  enjoined. 
"After  doing."  said  he,  "  what  apiUMUai 
almost  impossible ;  am    I    to  hsw  ao    mt 
for  it  ?    When  Cicero  foiled  CMifaa  te  I 
of  it  till  his  hearers  wen  liccd  cf  Ac  a*^  irf 
Catiline ;    but  if    t   were  to  fad  a 
Catilincs  1   sboalil  nut,  I 
I      tu  lake  any  glory  for  my  p 
K     Thcae  objectiona 
thy;  but  be  waa 
cnorbg  them:    dot, 
have  been  so  cmSj 
beloved  Platoaiaa  Sot 
had  it  not  bi^  itm 
qnainled  wilktfaa 
adviaablalo 
with  it,  la 


133 


rtonbiiknck;  or, 


between  it  and  tlte  new  religion,  that  his  dii- 
dpic  might  choose  for  himself.  The  readers 
may  imagine  Pudcns's  surprise  on  finding  that 
the  person  sclcclcd  for  this  high  and  important 
purpose,  was — his  volatile  fncnd  Linus  ! 


TUS    BOUANS    IN    BRITAIN.  133 


CHAPTER  XIII. 

^— Una*  liK«  illi. 


TIRO. 


Pddbns  could  hardly  recognise  his  old  friend, 
when  he  beheld^  instead  of  the  gay,  the  san- 
gaine,  the  frivoloua  and  dissipated  Linus,  a 
umple,  sober,  persecuted  Christian !  His 
countenance  expressed  cheerfulness,  but  not 
levity ;  and  his  manner  displayed  a  graceful 
animation,  rather  than  a  vaun^ng  vehemence. 
There  was  nothing  gloomy  or  ascetic  in  his 
demeanour;  nothing  repulsive  or  pharisaical 
in  his  address ;  but,  as  though  unconscious  of 
the  change,  which  rendered  him  so  unlike  what 
he  was,  he  advanced  to  salute  Pudens  with  a 
most  affectionate  cordiality,  which  completely 
re-established  their  former  friendship.  The 
train  of  events  which  had  led  Linus  to  embrace 
Christianity  was  rather  singuUr,  and  is  not,  per- 
haps, unworthy  of  being  related. 


lU 


STONKHBNOK ;   OR 


Linus  had  been  inritcd  to  the  house  of 
poet  Silitis  IbUicus,  on  Uic  festive  occasion 
mentioned  in  a  former  chapter^  nnd  hul  «c- 
twiUy  proceeded  us  far  as  the  Tliree  Tnvernx,  on 
hh  way  tliiUier,  when  his  curiosity  was  excited 
by  llie  iirrival  of  St.  I'aol,  and  tlie  pany  of 
Christians.  Whilst  mixing  in  the  crowd 
gathered  round  tliein,  he  saw  Lucan,  and 
Pudcns,  and  nut  long  afteru'ards  Martial,  pass 
by  oit  the  same  dustiniition  lu  his  own  ;  and  it 
immediately  occurred  to  him,  tiiat  it  was  by  no 
means  improbable  that  1i«  mighl  be  appealed 
to  by  some  of  his  cumjMtnion*  to  repeat  the 
self-appropriated  tule  of  his  friend  l*udrns*s  ad- 
Tcntures ;  and  that  he  should,  Uiercby,  per- 
haps, expose  hintself  to  the  ridicule  of  the  sar- 
castic Martial.  He,  therefore,  resolved  to  gu 
no  furllier  ou  his  destined  course;  but  to 
pontpotte  bis  visit  to  Silius  Italicus,  and  to 
■muM  himself  by  listening  to  the  discusnon  of 
tlie  Christians. 

Amongst  otlier  prodigies  related  of  their  great 
leader,  whom  tliey  had  gone  forth  to  meet, 
none  had  been  more  widely  cirt-ulated, 
those  connected  witli  his  shipwreck  and 
culous  escape ;  and  the  curioMty  thereby  g^e- 
rally  excited   was   not   at    all   diminished   in 


1 


I 

I 


> 


TUK    KOMANS    IN     BftlTAl.f. 

'e  case,  hy  lh«  circumstance  of  his  Iiaring 
hiouelf  bocn  exposed  to  Uic  perils  of  the  same 
storm !  The  Apostle,  as  vros  his  wont,  led  the 
conrersBtion  into  that  channel,  frotn  which 
every  tiling  nut  relating  to  his  sacred  mission 
seemed  a  digression ;  and  the  predous  seeds  of 
divine  truth  vere  not  wholly  thrown  away  upon 
oar  ToUtilc,  but  susceptible  friend,  altliougli 
ihey  produced  no  fruit  at  the  time. 

Some  time  afterwards,  Lin  ushaving  dissipated 
lus  fortune  bjr  his  thriftless  habits,  and  beiny 
in  adrcraity,  hia  ill-disciplined  mind  hecuoc 
sobered  down  to  reflection,  and  was  thus  ren- 
dered much  more  favourably  disposed  to  receive 
tlie  new  religion.  Being  reuounoed  by  Lis 
gayer  associates,  and  disgiisted  at  the  cunitant 
slights  to  which  his  |>overty  subjected  him  in 
Rome,  lt«  resolved  to  leave  tliat  city,  and  to 
endeavour  tu  repair  his  fortune  by  giving  leo* 
turcB  on  philosophy  at  Corinth  ;  where,  as  be 
was  very  well  versed  in  Platonic  lore,  and  no 
despicable  orator,  he  gained  considerable  fame 
as  a  sophist. 

It  B(i  happened,  that  just  when  Itii  tatiours 
bad  begun  to  be  remunerated,  a  young  orator 
of  a  different  class,  and  professing  whitt  was 
esteemed  a  new  system  of  philosophy,  arrived 


t 


st  Corinth ;  and,  among  oUiers  wliom  bis  nnvel 
tenets  attntcttul,  vras  LiiiUH.  These  novel 
tenets  happened  to  be  the  Christian  rdtgion  ; 
i)nd  the  young  ontor  who  was  pruioulgating 
them  was  Titnuthy !  The  PUtonisC,  in  the 
course  ot'  a  short  time,  hccamc  a  proselyte  to 
the  new  £uth ;  and,  leaving  Us  school,  returned 
with  Timothy  to  Itoroe,  where  bis  acqiuintance 
wiUi  Ilatonic  philosophy  made  him  usefut  to  the 
Christians  in  exposing  its  sophistry,  or  point- 
ing out  the  precise  limits  of  its  legitimate  ap- 
plication in  suhservienoe  to  Christianity. 

In  the  esse  of  I'udens  he  was  singularly  well 
qualified  for  tiie  task  assigned  him  by  Timothy, 
from  his  former  acquaintance  witJi  his  friend's 
character.  He  saw  that  his  mind  was  ena- 
moured of  the  beautiful  and  the  good,  tlic  true 
tnd  tlie  infinite ;  and  that  he  loved  Plato,  be- 
canse  of  all  the  philosophers  lie  was  most 
conversant  with  such  subjects. 

>Viti)out  derogating,  therefore,  from  tlte 
merits  of  his  favourite,  which  would  only  have 
excited  his  disgust,  he  showed  the  superiority  of 
tlie  Chriittian  religion,  as  realizing  or  surpass- 
ing the  sage's  dii-inest  dreams.  ""  I  admit,  my 
Linus,"  said  he,  "  that  our  l^ato  pressed  upon 
tbc  splicre  of  revelation,  and  Mcms  to  ha^-e 


I 
I 


TDB   HOMAMH   IN    BRITAIN. 

;ht  n  refracted  njr  of  infipinition,  before  the 
af  rightAOUHness  had  yet  ti»en  above  the 
horizon ;  but  it  was  s  ny  whidi  rather  tlax- 
tUsd  thaii  warnicd." 

i  Plato  ha.t  led  us  to  the  shore  of  etcmitj }  bat 
he  hns  not  litught  us  how  to  pUot  our  course 
throui^i  that  dread  ocean  :  and  the  tnaa  who, 
cbamicd  with  iu  beauty,  or  cnrnptarcd  with 
ha  xublimit)',  as  he  has  described  it,  shall  plunge 
nshly  into  its  waves,  and  refuse  a  better  guide 
when  one  offers,  will  suffer  a  worse  fate  thaii 
that  of  Clcombrotus.  "  Tes,''  he  pursued, 
adopting  a  line  of  argument  which  St.  Augos- 
tiuo  has  since  used  with  great  eloquence,* 
H**  Plato  has  taught  ua  that  in  the  beginning  was 
the  word,  and  the  word  was  with  God,  and  was 
tiud,  and  that  the  world  was  made  by  hint 
though  tiic  world  is  ignorant  of  him ;  but  I'latu 
himself  knew  not  the  glorious  priiilcges  of 
those  who  knew  him,  and  tliot  to  as  many  ai 
receive  httn  to  tlicui  he  gives  power  to  become 
the  sons  uf  Qod.  Plato  boa  acknowledged  that 
the  word  was  not  of  flesh,  nor  of  blood,  nor  of 
the  will  uf  man,  but  of  God  ;  but  Plato  himself 
knew  not  the  mptcrtes  of  the  incarnation,  and 
that  tlie  wurd  was  made  man.  and  dwelt  among 

■  Sk  Au(.  C*n(t*h  lib.  TH.  c.  9. 


138 


etonkiiknce;  oh, 


n;.  FL-ito  has  inculcated  tliat  the  son  of  God 
n-iL«  Injure  all  lime,  ai\A  above  kU  time ;  oo&- 
tenial  with  the  father,  and  incapable  of  cliaoge ; 
and  tliat  inasmuch  as  spiritt  p«rtake  of  his 
fullness  thcy^  are  happy,  and  arc  u-ise  oni^  t» 
they  participate  in  bis  wisdom :  but  I'latQ 
himself  was  ignorant  of  the  great  scheme  tji 
redemption  that  Christ  died  for  the  ungodly  1"^ 
It  was  by  enlarging  upon  such  topics  u 
these,  not  by  disparaging  philosophy,  but  by 
aftowing  that  it  is  sublime  and  elevating  just  in 
proportion  as  it  resembles  religion,  but  l)uu 
in  its  strongest  simihtude  it  is  but  as  a  faint, 
Aigitive,  unsul»tantial,  shadow  of  it ;  that  Linns 
overcame  the  prejudices  of  Pudens.  In  the 
course  of  a  few  conversations,  Ite  succeeded  in 
bis  undertaking  so  etfectually,  tliat  he  and 
Timothy  had  the  liappiiiess,  before  tlw:  latter 
lefi  Rome,  whieh  lie  did  very  soon  after,  to  we 
Pudeim  admitted  by  baptism  into  the  Infuit 
ehuFcli. 


I 

I 


CHAPfER    XIV. 


'  nior«  m  infl*nic  luj  dcsir*,  it  *ii  happcBcd  Ait  he 
founi]  ■  Irltrr  o(  hen  *o  mil  vriHrn,  an  iDOdcil,  ko  full  or 
IcndcmMi,  thit  whrn  he  had  rc«J  li,  he  ilecUrtil  Uitt  he 
thought  ia  her  alone  trcn  aailed  *■  the  cbamu  of  bnotj' 
and  fOcMl  M«i*,  vbich  are  diipaiMd  ibJ  diridwl  ■■aongat  lb« 

In*X  of  Iwr  tXi 


AltiTOUOh  Pudcni's  mind  had  been  very 

'mach    occupied  by  religion,    it  ms  not    en* 

tirely  to  the  eiccluNion  of  more  enrtlily  afTec- 

lioQS  and  sorrows.    Hcvnu  deterred,  indeed, 

making  too  active  an  inquiry  nAer  tiic 

tTctreat  of  CInadin,  by  the  fear  uf  his  being  the 

i'lncanM   of  betraying  the  svoret  to  those  from 

rhom  he  was  most  onxiou*  to  conceal  it ;  but 

he  could  nut  bxnish  her  luved  iuia^e  from  his 

busom,    nur  could    lie    iMinish   the   poignant 

aislt  which  the  remembranca  of  licr  conduct 


140 


STONSnKMGK  ;   OR, 


never  failed  to  excite.  Mad  it  not  been  for 
the  balm  ^thich  Christianity  inslilled  into  lus 
woundetl  heart,  he  would  probably  have  been 
driven  to  desperation ;  but  the  irritation  of  bis 
feelings  had  sub»dcd  into  a  tranquil  kind  of 
melancholy,  by  no  means  unfavourable  to  tbe 
reception  of  religion. 

Claudia  was  even  tttill  more  painfully  QfTceted. 
Tlic  appnrcnt  cnielty  of  iier  conduct  towsrdi 
her  lover,  and  tlie  convulsive  struggle  with 
some  of  her  most  ardent  feelings,  had  seriously 
injured  hc-r  bealtli;  and  hIib  gradually  pined 
away,  until  her  recovery  was  almost  despaired 
of.  It  was  quite  evident  tliBt  concmbncnt  was 
corroding  away  the  very  principles  of  vitality : 
and  Puinpunia  saw  that  the  consequences 
would  cvrtainly  be  fat&I,  unless  some  remedy 
was  Jtpeedily  found.  She  resolved,  therefore, 
to  mention  tlic  circumstance  to  one  of  the 
elders  of  the  church,  and  to  request  his  advice 
oil  tlie  subject.  The  elder,  on  hving  consulted, 
very  properly  chided  her  severely  for  her 
cowardice,  and  desired  her  to  ab-tolre  Claudia 
from  the  promise,  which  she  bad  given  her  of 
not  disclosing  to  Pudens  the  change  which  liad 
taken  place  in  her  rcltgioos  views :  and   he 


THE    ROUANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


141 


I 


further  initructed  lier  to  explain  to  )ior  tiist 
nmiriage  with  an  unbeliever  was  not  absolutely 
forbidden,  but  that  it  was  esteemed  dangerous, 
as  it  exposed  the  converts  to  Christianity-  to 
peculiar  temptations. 

Poniponia  undertook  to  conrey  the  purport 
of  this  communication  to  Claudia :  but  whether 
it  was,  tliat  the  extreme  delicacy  of  the  affair 
required  some  little  preparation,  or  tlint  she 
«M  deterred  by  the  fear  of  consequences 
Baggei(le<i  by  lier  natuml  timidity,  she  procras- 
tinated from  (hiy  to  day,  until  her  prot^^^ 
ig  her  health  gradually  declining,  anltci- 
pated  her  purpo^,  (uid  requested  her  permis* 
sion  to  write  to  Pudcns,  and  to  apprise  him  of 
ber  adoption  of  Christianity. 

"  1  am,"  uid  she,  "  in  a  state  when  mortal 
'passion  has,  cumparntiVely  speaking,  but  small 
influence.  TluLt  influence  has  been  diininish< 
ing  daily ;  and  I  do  not  apprehend  that  it  will 
be  long  before  1  am  released  lirom  it  alto^ther 
by  deatJi.  As,  however,  that  diminishes,  my 
deaire  of  writing  to  Pudcos  increaseii.  It  is 
Qot  that  I  wish  to  renew  an  attachment,  which 

•e«tns  to  be  tlie  will  of  heaven  to  dissotre ; 
\Jhat  it  is  to  justify  my  seeming  faard-bearted- 


uiiau: 

■feelinj 


14S 


stonehenob;  ob, 


DMi,  and  to  clear  mv  mcmoiy  from  that  stain 
of  fickleness  wliidi  must  oUicnrise  rest  upon 
it  for  ever." 

Her  request  was,  of  course,  immediately 
conceded  ;  and  Pomponia  Cold  her  tltat  she  had 
ooDsolted  with  soioe  of  the  elden  of  the  church 
u  to  the  propriety  of  intermarriage  with  un- 
beUevcrs,  and  that  they  had  stated  that  there 
was  no  divine  prohibition  :  she  aluo  added  tliat, 
for  her  own  opinion,  she  thought  that  if  either 
party  became  a  proselyte  to  the  religion  of  the 
other,  it  would  probably  be  Pudens,  and  not 
herself ;  and  she  then  began  to  en1ar|e  on  the 
beneficial  consequences  which  might  possibly 
ensue  in  snrh  a  case.  Claudia  thanked  tier, 
smiling  faintly,  while  the  tears  tremble^l  in  her 
beaatiful  eyes,  but  replied  that  it  had  cost  her 
too  much  to  come  to  aTesolution,  for  her  to 
alter  it.  Having,  however,  o'btained  Pumponia's 
permission,  she  retired  to  her  private  tricUniuin ; 
and)  when  the  dimming  drops,  which  chased 
each  other  in  rapid  succession  down  her  pale 
cheeks,  would  allow  her,  relieved  her  over- 
chai^  heart  by  writing  the  following  let- 
ter:— 


< 


Chudia  lo  fWnw. 

Illness,  and  othirr  drcumitanccs  have  pre- 
rsnted  my  writing  bcfure,  as  I  wuuld  otherwise 
{iadly  have  don«.  1  would  that  it  were  now 
in  my  power  to  make  amends  for  tlua  drUr  by 
^the  pleasure  which  this  letter  migbt  aflurd ; 
alas !  mudi  as  1  regret  tlie  delay,  I  still 
regret  t]tat  I  csn  now  find  no  topic  of 
ipleaBurc.  Oh,  l^idcns!  if  I  am  not  entirely 
Iforgotlcn,  in  what  odious  characters  must  your 
nation  pourtny  me  I  Ungrateful,  and 
fickle,  and  false,  indeed,  my  conduct  must  ap- 
pear, and  the  more  base  as  exercised  towards 
as  fond  and  faithful  a  Inver  as  ever  woman 
had !  1  tremble  when  1  think  what  a  monster 
you  must  deem  me  I  Yet,  ungrateful  as  I 
mBstseem,  I  am  not  insensible  to  the  thousand 
kindnetw*  you  have  shown  me.  Ah,  no !  I 
do  not  for^t  our  leasuns  under  the  willow  tree ; 

■  I  do  not  foi^ct  our  sunset  oonTcmtions  in 
Lucan's  grotto ;  nor  do  1  forget  our  faitlt 
plighted  at  Virgil's  tomb.     You  have  watclied 

*OTer  me  at  my  studies  like  a  fntlier ;  you  hav* 
■ooompanied  me  in  my  amuscmenu  like  a 
brother, ;  and,  oh !  ia  a  stUl  dearer  dmracter, 


144 


xtoN'rhknok;  or 


distance  does  not  sesm  to  have  cliillcd  your 
affection  ;  time  docs  not  seem  to  have  sJt&ken 
your  fidelity.  Unsntiatcd  by  familiarity,  and 
unu'caried  by  obstacles,  you  hari;  lorcd  mt— 
yes,  Pudcns,  I  vritc  it  witli  tears — you  Itavc 
lovfid  mc  uHth  an  unchanging  Iotc.  And  how 
have  I  requited  tliat  love  ?  vVftcr  your  long 
and  wearisome  voyage,  how  did  1  receive  you  ? 
My  licart  acbes  when  I  reflect  on  the  apjiarently 
cold  and  lieartti'ss  repulse  which  1  gave  to  your 
generous  ardour ;  and  yet,  noble  youth  !  you 
risked  your  life  to  save  mine,  iiulead  of  pre- 
cipitating  me  in  the  flames,  as  you  must  bare 
been  almost  provoked  to  do.  Oh,  PadeDsl 
Pudens!  I  a&k  again>  what  inhuman  monsUr 
do  you  think  me  f 

"But  wbcrefoic  do  I  ask  this  question?  h 
it  to  deprecate  your  curse,  or  to  beg  your  for- 
giveness, or  to  lead  you  to  expect  another 
change  in,  n-hat  you  must  deem,  toy  6cklc 
affections  ?  Ah  no  !  although  1  bcltcre  tlial 
rour  generous  heart  might  yet  forgive  me,  I  dare 
not  beguile  you  with  the  hope  Uiat  I  can  erer 
again  be  yours,  or  that  any  otiier  chnnfe  is  to 
be  expected  after  that  which  baa  already  taken 
place.  But,  oh!  what  a  change  is  ttiat  !  How 
shall  I  describe  it?     It  is  not  so  much  tliat  my 


I 

I 


I 


TUK    ROMANS    IN     BRITAIN. 


145 


pffections  arc  changed,  u  that  tnv  whole  heart 
U  cliBtiged  ;  and  so  changed,  thnt  could  you 
yourself  behold  il,  you  woutfl  find  it  m  diffeKnt 
from  the  one  which  you  loved,  that  you  would 
be  more  than  reconciled  to  your  fate.  Yes, 
Pudens,  though  niethmkit  1  see  you  shudder  as 

lu  read  it,  I  am  changed  into  a  character 
which  you  would  execrate.  1  am  become  one 
of  those  for  whom  the  state  has  considered 
that  no  punishments  can  he  too  sercrc.  I  have 
renounced  the  religion  of  tny  forcfatliera,  and 
embmced  one  which  has  been  pronounced  to 
be  a  '  pernicious  superstition,'  a  *  malignant 
itnisanthropy.'  Can  it  lie  wondered  at,  then, 
that  if  1  have  severed  the  ties  of  religion,  tho«o 
of  love  cannot  hold  mc?  *  Faitlilew  wretch  !* 
methinks  I  hear  you  exclaim,  'and  du  you 
make  thiK  confession  without  remorse  i*  Alas, 
Pudens  I  I  do ;  but  tliat  God,  whom  now  I 
wrre,  and  who  knon's  my  heart,  knows  aUo, 
that  what  I  now  confess  without  remorse,  or 
even  without  regret,  has  been  attended  witit 
mch  pangs  as  lie  alone  could  enalile  me  to 
endure.     I  dnrc  not  tell  you  the  mental  anguish 

liich  1  have  tinder^nc,  or  the  bodily  sufTering 
vhicli  lliat  has  occasioned,  lest  I  should  wem 
VOL.  III.  n 


stoxeiienge;  os, 


to  boast  in  the  sacrifice,  or,  lacking  resolution 
yet  to  complete  it,  be  tempted  to  viiah  to 
snatch  the    yet  unconauined    relics  from   the 

^'Tn  conclnsion,  although  I  cannot  expect 
your  love,  or  eren  hope  to  escape  your  hatred, 
I  shall  consider  that  I  have  not  made  the 
painful  efTort  which  tliiit  letter  luu  co«t  mc  in 
Tain,  if  I  succeed  in  convincing  you,  that  if 
your  aJTcctioitate  and  faithful  wishes  hare  been 
thwarted  by  mc,  you  Itare  rather  sustained  a 
disappointment  tlian  a  loss;  and,  therefore, 
that  though  my  conduct  may  have  caused  you 
a  niorocntary  mortification,  it  need  not  be  at- 
tended with  any  permanent  regret.  For  my 
on-n  part,  I  must  be  content  yet  a  little  while 
longer  to  hear  up  under  the  diarge  of  ingroti- 
tode  and  inconstancy,  or  it  may  b«,  m  stttl 
heavier  charge ;  hut  my  God  con  support  me 
through  it,  and  will  take  care  of  my  memory 
when  1  am  gone. 

"  I  will  not  mock  yoo  with  the  expression  <rf 
my  wiihes  for  your  wellarc ;  tJiose  wishes  are 
R^tered  where  they  will  not  be  destpised,  and 
it  only  remains  for  mc  to  bid  you  a  long  and 
iBttfikrewell!" 


I 


I 


THB    ROMANS    IN     BRITAIN. 


t47 


rI 


Claudia  having  rliim  <!islmrth«iied  her  heart, 
^  began  gmilually  Ui  impro\-«  in  health.  It  u-a» 
some  tinio  before  alie  coutd  oontrive  any  plan 
for  isciMiing  this  letter  to  I'udenit,  as  hit  preacnt 
Rbodc  was  unknown  to  lier;  but  she  Kt  Icngtli 
determined  to  entrunt  it  to  Martial's  care,  r«- 
lyini;  upon  hia  partiiility  for  her,  and  his  rricniU 
sbip  for  Pudena,  to  undcrtike  the  difficult  task 

*of  forwarding  ic 
The  poet,  proud  of  this  confidential  commis* 
aion  went  forth  in  ^ueat  of  his  friend  ;  but  for 
a  long  tinte  sought  for  liin  ineiTectunlly.  After 
■nai)}*  inquiries,  however,  lie  at  liul  discovered 
the  jiWe  of  liifl  confiiieinent,  wlierc,  leadens 
being  out,  he  leA.  his  sert-ant  with  the  paoket>. 
to  await  his  return  and  explain  tlie  mod*  of  ita 
^tnnsmuiiiion. 

^1  It  is  <Iiffi<!ult  to  describe  the  emotions  with 
^K-irhich  our  hem  rciid  Claudia**  letter.  Ita  deep 
^■•nd  snieitin  pat)in»  fdled  his  eyes  again  and 
Ksgain  witli  Xmtn;  but  they  were  tears  of  joy  ! 
^M**  Then  she  too  is  a  Christian,"  exclaimed  ho  ] 
^v*'  an  angel,  tlien,  I  might  almost  aay :  but 
H  how  have  I  wronged  her  1  but  yet,  not  in  my 
V  henrt.  Nay.  Claudia,  I  ttcrer  bcUcred  tliee 
ticUe  or  false."  Again  and  again  he  rewl  tho 


U2 


tTONHHBKOC^  OB, 


precious  epistle ;  aniJ  mch  xucoeMlve  peroMl 
aflbrdc'd  him  increases)  plea-sure. 

N«ver  (lid  he  feel  such  exultation  of  heaitl 
Tbt  hand  of  Providence  seemed  manifest  to 
btm ;  and  he  bowed  dovn  and  adored  it.  He 
forgot  his  chain,  and  thought  not  of  his  ap- 
proadiiiig  trial,  but  hurried  olf  with  the  happy 
iiilelligeiioe  to  'Hmothy's  tod^ng,  whn  vax 
preparing  for  his  departure  from  Koine  on  the 
morrow.  The  sad  confuHion  of  this  preparv 
tion,  however,  and  the  unoertainty  in  tliese 
perilous  times  of  ever  meeting  again,  sobered 
down  his  elation,  aiid  made  him  rememba-, 
th&t  if  hapiiineKs  i-isita  us  for  a  moment,  it  is 
only  because  she  has  taken  her  flight  from 
some  other  bosom ! 


TUB    BOUANS    IK   BRITAIN.  149 


CHAPTER  XV. 


Moment!  there  are,  and  thii  tu  one, 
Smieh'd  like  (iniDuu'i  gleam  of  lan 

Amid  the  blank  timoooi'l  ectipie — 
Or  like  thoie  Terduit  ipoti  of  bloom 
Around  the  cnter'i  burning  lip*, 

Swectcniog  the  veij  edge  of  doom. 

NOORE. 


PuDBNB  found  Timothy  busy  in  prepara- 
tions for  his  departure  fzom  Rome,  and  would 
have  withheld  the  communication  which  he 
had  so  much  desired  to  make,  as  being  in- 
opportune ;  but  his  animated  countenance 
betrayed  the  secret,  and  induced  his  fiiend  to 
inquire  of  what  happy  intelligence  he  was  the 
bearer.  On  Claudia's  letter  being  shown  to 
bim,  he  informed  her  too  happy  lover,  that  the 
writer  was  no  stranger,  but  that  she  was  a 
dariing  of  the  church ;  who,  in  their  extended 
bopes,  bad  connected  her  conversion  with  the 
introduction  of  Christiaiiity  into  the  remotest 


150 


STOXEBENOB;   OS 


regions  of  Uie  earth.  He  al$o  wartnly  congra- 
tuUted  loudens  ott  having  bestowed  his  aSec- 
tJons  on  one  tto  worthy  of  them ;  and  offered  to 
delay  his  jouniey,  if  necessnjy,  to  promote 
their  union. 

St.  Paul  having  entered  vhile  they  were 
conversing,  and  Hk  circumstance  being  re-  J 
latcd  to  l]im,  he  concunvd  in  Timothy's  views, 
and  hailed  the  pros]K.Tt  of  the  institution  of  a 
Christian  church  in  the  distant  isle  of  Britaio, 
rejcHcing  that  Claudia  would  be  further  pro- 
tected by  her  marriage  witli  Puclcns  from  se- 
duclion  from  Cliristianity.  His  philanthropic 
soul  expanded  vrilh  joy,  as  tiic  extension  of  bU 
master's  kingdom  seemed  thus  insured;  and 
his  upturned  eyes  betrayed  his  secret  aspira- 
tions, as  he  silently  supplicated  Heaven  tliat 
his  wishes  might  not  be  disappointed. 

Ju!itat  this  moment  a  female  entered,  ao 
conipanied  by  two  servants,  each  heavily  laden ; 
and  tlic  reader  may  judge  of  our  hero's  snr- 
prise  and  delight  at  recognising  in  the  lovely 
form  and  face  of  that  female,  bis  own  Claudia ! 
She  had  come  to  take,  what  she  feared  might 
prove  a  final  farewell  of  some  of  the  brethren, 
and  particularly  of  Timotliy ;  and  her  atlen- 
danto  were  laden  with  presents  of  what  she 


4 


THE    ROMAXS    IN    BBITAIN.  151 

thoujjht  would  Ik  useful  to  liim  in  his  propoaed 
journey. 

Claudia  had  tiot  observed  Pudcns ;  uid  Ti- 
motliy,  therefore,  very  considerately  advanced 
to  meet  her,  and  prepared  her  for  the  int«r- 
vievr  which  awaited  her:  the  luddeniicaa  of 
which  might  otherwise  have  been  attended 
with  aerioiM  connequenceH  in  the  Tcry  delicate 

kfllate  of  her  health.  The  lorem  were  then  intro- 
[duoed]  hut  oh!  what  pen  can  describe  their 
ifeelin^  t — Strange  to  my,  they  luoked  at  eadi 
other  for  a  moment,  and  hutli  burnt  into  tears; 
odtltor  being  able  to  utter  n  word.  It  was  not 
lurprising  that  Claudia's  feminine  sensitnlity 
should  display  itself  in  this  manner ;  but  that 
^m  yoting  antdier's  emotions  should  ttiua  express 
^pthemselvea,  seemed  to  require  the  explanation 
which  Pudcns  aAerwatda  gave,  Claudia,  who 
wsA  still  in  a  state  of  convalescence,  having 
been  baptized  but  a  day  or  two  bcl'orc,  and 
being;  consequently  clothed  iu  the  oatccbu- 
tnen's  white  garb,  looked  so  ]iale  and  so 
unearthly,  that  her  lover  slkrank  back  ajipalled, 
fearful  tliut  if  lie  did  not  actually  gaze  upon  an 
angel,  he  gaxed  upon  one  who  must  very 
shortly  bi»»)mo  one.  Ilin  bclurnd,  on  the  other 
hand,  seeing  liis  emaciated  appearaan  aod  his 
iDuurning  suit,  wbieb  he  had  just  ^fpnd  iar 


152 


STONCHENOS;   OR, 


bis  approaching  trial,  thought  that  she  had 
b«en  the  means  of  dbtinantling  his  dieeks  of 
their  hluom ;  and  fear  was  filled  with  anxiety 
as  to  what  his  sad  apparel  might  betoken, 
llieir  tears  of  apprehension,  however,  were 
soon  tunied  to  tears  of  ecatacf ,  aiid  of  gratitude 
to  Heaven,  which  had  so  mercifully  brought 
them,  by  difTeretit  ways,  into  tlie  same  fold. 

In  Uic  course  of  tlie  evening  they  were  so- 
lemnly betroUied  to  each  other ;  and  Sl  Paal 
and  Tiniothy  both  assisted  at  the  ceremony. 
Tlie  inspired  Apostle  told  tliem,  indeed, 
that  in  the  prenent  perilous  cimeit  it  became 
Christians  to  rejoice  as  though  they  rejoiced 
not,  and  to  weep  as  though  lliey  wept  not, 
remembering  that  the  fashion  of  this  world 
passeth  away;  yet  he  commended  thera  to 
that  Providence,  whose  hand  seemed  so  mani- 
fest; and  invoked  the  choicest  of  heaven's 
blessings  upon  their  union,  when  it  should 
consummated' 

A  spectator  of  this  scene,  might  have  wished 
that  the  same  'inimibibic  hand'  wliich  has 
eternized  tlic  Apostle's  preadiiiig  at  Athens, 
had  immortalized  this  group.  The  invoeatory 
otlitude  of  St.  Paul,  his  countenance  beaming 
witli  a  tenderness  and  sublimity,  in  whidi  the 
feelings  of  a  fatlier  seemed  oummingled  Titb 


I 


THE    ROUANS    IS   BBITAiy. 


153 


thou  of  »  Mint — the  enraptured  look  of  Pa- 
den!i,  whose  fitce  seemed  lighted  up  with  a  viiible 
ndiatKetSuebM  a  brother'*  might  wear,  when, 
ftfter  •  Ion;  Mparatiott  he  hnils  o  favourite  %i»- 

I  tCT  in  those  regions  where  parting  ix  unknown  ; 
expressing  all  that  fortune— defying  security) 
whidi  is  produced  by  a  sense  of  the  perpetuity 
which  Christianity  iinparts  to  frieii(J»hip — these 

I  were  indeed  Htriking :  hut  how  shall  1  describe 
the  appearance  of  Claudia ;  the  Itcautiful  Clau- 

Lclia!     Britain's  first,    and    lovelieat  Christian 

'convert?  In  her  sweet  countenance  the  most 
hallowed,  most  ainiahle  affections  of  eartli  aiid 
of  heaven  being  blended,  softened  and  height- 

[«ned  eaeh  other: 

Minftling  ll>r  in(«k  iinil  *nul  &rM 
(Xotbct  worlils  wiih  kll  ilie  blUi, 
The  lood  weak  Und^rnni  iiflliil! — 
A  BDul  too  mor*  tliu  half  djtrne. 

Where,  through  (oine  thwlcs  of  culklf  twtinf , 
R»ljfion'«  •ortra'dgln>l(>*lila«, 

Like  light  thruat;h  tumiiier  foliage  HMllii|t, 
Shfdiling  a  glon  of  inch  mild  but, 
So  vuiii,  Mill  )'ri  «i  ihiiloKy  tou, 
Ai  iiiikri  Uic  rrr-f  Uaikncu  tlier« 
Mote  bciulifBl  IbMi  ligbt  cl*«i*h(r«!* 

Cold  indeed  must  have  been  the  heart  that 
.could  not  sliarc  in  the  interest,  the  abiorb- 

•  Moon. 

n   3 


154 


htomriienoe;  ob. 


ing  interest,  with  which  th«  saintly  Timothv, 
the  delighted  Linus,  tho  adnuring  Attondantt. 
hung  upon  this  fair  scene '. 

Tt  was  a  natural  n-ish  of  St.  Peter's,  when 
he  nsccndcil  Mount  Tabor,  and  saw  his  bdand 
Lord  cnahrinod  in  glory,  that  he  might  bitiM 
taheniaclrs  there  to  detain  bis  heaTcnly  guestt, 
nnd  tempt  them  to  prolong  their  bright  and 
blisNtul  sojourn  on  certh.  The  sacred  hiiito- 
rian  Kays,  indcl^d,  that  be  spoke  this,  not  know- 
ing what  he  said ;  but  it  is  in  such  unprene- 
ditate<l,  Npontaneous  expressions  u  these,  that 
iiiiturc  manifests  herself.* 

Having  conducted  taj  hero  and  heroine  to 
this  little  Tabor,  I  bare  lingered  on  the  spot, 
aK  tbough  lotli  to  leave  it.  But,  alas !  it  wu 
not  permitted  St.  Peter  to  erect  even  so  im- 
permanent a  ibing  as  a  tabernacle  oDSUchaa 
elevation ;  but,  even  while  he  was  sptiaking, 
tlie  beautiful  visiuu  vanished  1  Equally  tdiort- 
lived,  was  the  happiness  of  Pudcna  and  Clau- 
dia ;  for  anxiety,  serpent-like,  crept  into  their 
Edrn,  and  destroyed  it.  The  cause,  however, 
is  worthy  of  mention.  Tlic  Apostle,  Ui  hi» 
prayer  for  their  future  welfare,  prayed  pecu- 

•  Hill  •lliitlnn  tA  the  Tr*nsfiguriitioii  will.  It  U  liopvd.  JiM- 
litf  an(etftii:v  t"  Kivhlc'i  iHMiudfUl  TcrMtoQ  lltu  inbjctlt* 
liU  liynui  ua  Sk  Jbiiim'*  diiir. 


I 


I 

I 


TUC   B0MA.N8   IN    BRITAIN. 


155 


'  fervently  fur  Padert^a  delicmma:  in  lAe 
trial  iciticA  awaited  him !  and  these  words  sank 
deep  into  butii  tlivir  licarts ;  fur  cvciy  syllable 
which  lie  uttered  seemed  to  them  to  soTour  of 
inspiration.  Claudia  tiaturally  magnified  the 
daii|^r  i)y  upiirehcnsions,  n'hich  were  of  course 
proportiuncd  to  tier  lore,  and  the  interest  at 
Make;  and  Pudvns  felt  id  most  dismayed,  at 
Hihe  thought  wliicli  now  first  tlnick  him,  that 
fats  lituation,  as  it  regarded  the  im]>cnding 
chari;e,  was  very  matcriitUy  aflectcd,  hy  his 
having  suiiscquentiy  embntccd  Christiunity ! 
Pudens  did  not  of  course  take  his  leave  of  bia 
mistress  without  Itavitig  iiu^uired  her  place  of 
sddrcsM,  which  he  was  informed  was  a  rilk  at 
Tibur  whither  Pomponia  had  deemed  it  pm- 
dsnt  to  repair,  during  tlie  present  pcnccutions 
■gainst  tlic  Christians;  and  where  CUudia  was 
in  daily  cxpcetation  oi  a  messenger  to  convey 
her   home,  for  Seneca  had  written   cxpreaaly 

I  to  her  father,  upon  her  removal  from  his  roof, 
to  recommend  her  return  to  Britain. 
When  Pudens  hod  returned  to  his  lodgiiiga, 
be  began  to  deliberate  seriously  on  the  beat 
^wtneans  of  escaping  from  his  preaent  durance, 
uid  prepnriog  for  bin  trial :  and  he  thought  it 
■dvittble  to  oommence  by  writing  to  his  L'ricnd 


156 


iTOMBIIINRB;   OR, 


Lucan,  who.  he  had  be«n  informed  by  Clau- 
dia, wax,  wlien  she  last  heard  of  him,  living  in 
strict  retirement  at  lii*  villa,  where  he  was  se- 
duloiul)'  eRi[)loying  himself  in  the  revision  of 
his  Pharsalia.  The  Emperor  had  forbidden 
him  to  publish  any  more  poetry ;  but  this  pro- 
hibition  did  not  prevent  his  availing  himself  of 
the  present  favourable  opportunit]^  to  complete 
his  immortal  task,  though  vith  a  more  remote 
view  (if  publication.  Pudens's  letter  simply 
stated  that  he  was  in  confinement  for  want  of 
sureties,  and  begged  the  poet  to  bclinend  him. 
lie  vos,  howcTor,  too  great  a  lorcr  of  litera- 
ture tu  omit  an  illusion  to  the  Pharsalia,  and 
therefore  told  him,  by  way  of  encouragement  in 
t)ic  prosecution  of  his  labours,  that"  he  had  been 
informed  of  his  secret  work,  and  would  desire 
nothing  more  than  to  be  of  assistance  to  him; 
but  above  all  things  he  ineulcateil  upon  him, 
the  great  impurtaucc  of  keeping  the  Emperor 
in  ijfnoruncc  of  his  intentions." 

Tiie  dispatch  of  this  cpisUc  considerably  di> 
minishcd  our  hero's  anxiety :  but  to  avert  the 
consequences  of  a  miscarriage,  and  to  provide 
against  all  possible  contingences,  he  also  wrote 
to  SenecA  for  his  assistance,  taking  care  not 
tu  give  any  detail  of  the   events  which  had  led 


I 


TUB   ROUAKS   I.V    BRITAIN. 


137 


'to  Ilia  present  situation,  lest  his  correspon- 
dence should  fall  into  the  enemy's  hands ;  &!• 
tliough  he  could  not  {brbcsr  hinting  at  'Hgelli- 
nunS   |)U>t   to   obtain    posscosion   of  Claudia, 

Iwithout,  howO'Cr,  mentioning  names,  and 
expressing  a  wish  that  he  ooald  have  the  be* 
Befit  of  the  philosopher's  counsela  on  tlie  oc> 
cusioii. 

Having  tnken  these  steps,  he  commended 
himself  to  IVividence,  fcchng  nxxured  that  the 
^protecting  hand,  which  liuil  led  him  thus  far, 
^would  not  desert  him  in  liU  hour  of  need. 

The  ways  of  Providence,  are,  however,  tn> 
Bcmtahlc ;  and  so  they  appeared  to  Pudens, 
when  day  aAcr  day  came,  and  passed,  and 
brought  no  re])Iy  from  Lucan  ur  Seneca.  He 
wrote  another  and  a  more  urgent  letter  to  the 
former ;  and  to  omit  no  precaution,  wrote  also 
10  PeCronios ;  but,  strange  to  say,  he  received  no 
.Mmmunicatioi),  whatever,  from  cither  party. 


CHAITCR  XVI. 


Tlir  Inlicriwrt  o(  unfulfillciJ  rCDOvn 

■  *  ■  «  # 

AnJM  i  ■at!  Luciin,  In  bin  'JfHlh  HppravrJ  i 
Oblivion  u  tlify  HMD  shruak  like  m  diisg  npnmi. 


As  Uie  ])erio()  aligned  for  Pudens's  trUI 
approadicd,  his  anxiety  nttunilly  iticmtscd; 
an<l  tbe  »ileiice  of  his  frknds  filled  kix  mind 
wit!)  uneasiness  and  apprehensions.  When 
the.  inipurtiint  day  at  last  arrived,  the  court 
vras  ftdjoumed,  in  conaequence  of  certain  poli- 
tical everitit  which  lind  tuken  place,  and  whicb 
seemed  wlicilly  to  almorh  public  attention  :  hb 
suspense  was,  therefore,  prolonged  ;  but  it  wa», 
in  some  tneaoure,  alleviated  by  the  ctreumstanoe, 
of  his  old  ^neral,  SuetouiuK,  undertaking  very 
kindly  to  be  surety  for  his  appearance  j  upon 
which,  he  WHS  restored  to  his  liberty. 

The  fimt  ut«  which  Pudens  made  of  his 
freedom,  was  to  hasten  to  Lucan's  villa  to 


I 


rilB    ROMAXS   IS    OBITAIN. 


159 


uocrtain  the  cause  of  liu  friend's  silence ;  uid 
there  h«  arrived,  just  in  time  to  iritncsa — his 
death — poor  Locun's  dentli  1  The  poet  had 
joined  a  conspiracy,  hca(le<I  \iy  Vint,  and  cm- 
bntcing  the  noblest  ciiaracters  in   Kiime,   the 

I  object  of  which  wait  to  rid  t)te  world  of  the 
execrable  tyrant  Nero !  Their  (daiu  had^ 
however,  been  discovered;  and,  in  consequence, 
Lucan,   Viso,    Petronius,  arid   Seneca — all    uf 

I  them  companions  at  the  banquet  mentioned  in 
tlic  hcginning  of  the  last  book,  were  snatched 
from  the  earth  at  one  fell  swoop.  The  stoical 
death  of  Seneca— from  tliv  sympathiiinf;  par* 
npation  of  which  tlic  nffectionate  I^lulina 
was  vrilli  difficulty  rescued — and  the  epicurean 

^dentil  of  I'etronius,  have  been  detailed  by  the 
Inimitable  Tacitus  ;  to  whose  narrative  of  the 
rhole  conspiracy  and  its  conscqucnot^.  I  must 
refer  the  reader:*  hut  as  Lucan's  death  was 
witnessed  by  Pudens,  and  described  by  him  in 
a  letter  to  Claudia,  1  will  take  tlic  liberty  of 

r  inscribing  his  account  of  h. 
Having  mentioned  the  prorogation   of  his 
■  TW.  Ann,  l.lb.  XU  «V>  ID.  a«*l*  ■■)  An-  Uiti.   Pnranin* 
wu  put  to  tkath,  on  iTMunl  o(  hb  IoiIoikt  with  onr  of  llw 


^ticif 

W1 

nni 


3«8 


STONEHESOE  ;   OR, 


trial,  Olid  other  domestic  nuttcn,  Pudau  tbtu 
proceeds  ;— 

"  Rumour,  my  Claudia,  n-l))el)  is  always  >o 
swift-witiged,  and  a«eins  even  more  tleet  in  her 
cuurxe  when  ladun  wiUt  sorrow,  will  duubllen 
have  itntieipated  the  meUncholy  intelligeiKC 
which  I  ha^'e  to  scn<l  you  from  Lucan's  rilla. 
When  1  Arrived  there,  I  found  a  detachment  of 
soldiers  around  the  house,  and  could  with 
difficulty  gain  admission ;  and  on  tof  Inquiring 
from  the  domestics  tlic  cause,  they  all,  with  the 
exception  of  one  elderly  wumati  who  wailed 
aloud,  presen'cd  a  constraiited  silence,  answer- 
ing  me  only  with  their  tears. 

"  Lucnn.  being  informed  of  my  arrival,  imme- 
diately sent  for  mc  to  a  private  chamber,  at  the 
door  of  which  were  stationed  two  or  three 
guards.  Within  1  found  the  amiable  PoUa, 
hanging,  weeping  over  him,  but  endeatlj 
struggUng  to  conceal  bcr  anguish :  his  family 
])hysictui,  a  centurion,  and  iwo  common  »oU 
diers  were  also  near  bim. 

"Lucan  was  sitting  on  a  couch,  with  a  lancet 
in  his  hand,  which  he  seemed  examining ;  and, 
as  1  entered,  he  turned  round  to  me,  and  said 
with  apparent  cheerfulness — 


1 

I 

I 

I 
I 


Tn8  aOMANS   IN    BRITAIN. 


Ifil 


*"Ali,ui}-  Podens,  you  are  just  in  time  tosee 

if  exit !  And  now,  I'olU,'  taid  he,  addressing 
bit  wife,  'my  beloved  Polls,  we  must  part 
— uid  tlien  the  bitterness  of  death  will  be 
over !' 

"  Here  he  brushed  away  a  single  tear  which 
bid  started  into  his  eye,  and  ([are  her  a  most 
junate  embrace.     She,  however,  requested 

i*e  U>  stay — 
*  Nay,  my  Lucan,'  said  she,  with  wonderful 
calmness,    *  1   can  bear   it ;    I  must — I   must 
•Uy !' 

"  Her  husband,  after  aome  little  hentatiun, 
consented ;  and  then,  turning  towards  me  willi 
a  coiii)>»sed  countenonoe,  said  in  tlie  language 

his  own  Pharsalia : — 


^p  thought  once,   Pudcns,  that  I  should  hare 
'been  ahle,  in  such  a  situation  as  that  in  which 
to  have  add  oil— 


■  lalrepldut,  qatiucunquc  d*ll(  mllil  nnnla*,  notwn, 
ArtipUiu:* 

Fnrleii,  j*  god*,  nor  tnxioa*  silU  to  Utci 
I  will  Kttft  vhalevcr  doab  jrc  I^nl 


myself, 


FMibiaU  dlci  (*tU.' 


Licat  lD(«ntM  ■liru[wrl(  actn* 


■  Lac  PtianaL  *«  t.  tU. 


162 


aroNEUENOS ;  oh. 


Thongh  vut  dnigna  and  laboun  good  aad  jmi 
Will  pcrUh  Immarure  bf  luilden  hie. 

"  *  You  may,  at  all  events,  aid,'  tuid  1 — 

■  Sat  aufot  povgi.' 
I  lure  D0(  liTtd  in  raia  Id  dn  diMODlolaM. 

**  He  then,  amid  the  stidvd  sobs  of  all  aroo 
hiro,  commanded  his  physician  to  open 
veins :  and  with  tearful  eyes  his  oommatid  mi 
obeyed.  Pour  Polla's  heart,  just  at  tliis  mo- 
ment, seemed  ready  to  burst ;  but  she  concealed 
lier  emotJon  wonderfully  well.  The  blood 
flowed  very  freely ;  and  as  tiie  current  di- 
minished, the  hent,  receding  to  the  heart, 
abandoned  the  extremiliek!  Lucan,  tliuitgh 
of  course  much  exhausted,  felt  apparently  but 
little  pain,  and  retained  his  mental  vigmir 
almost  as  long  as  his  life.  As  he  vatdicd  the 
sanguine  strenm  nosing  from  his  veins,  the 
umilarity  of  hissituatiun  with  tliat  which  he 
has  described  in  the  Pharsalta,  struck  liim 
so  rorcihly,  that  he  repeated  the  fblloning 
lines: — 


'  Nn  (iD^flr  wound  the  giipinf;  rupture  mcoi*. 
Where  iricktiog  rrliiiwin  wellt  lo  klonder  )tr«*m*  i 


TUB    HOUANS    IN     BRITAIN. 


163 


Bat  /roM  ■•  optBi*s  horrible  >nd  iridt, 

A  lhBn«M»J  fMi«l«  pour  the  buntiiif  titt ; 

Al  ODCC  the  wlniUog  ch«uicr*  counc  »n  broke, 

WWpc  wimMflag  UU  h«r  maajr  icmntj  io«k  : 

Soon  ffom  lh«  iowrt  part*  the  apiriti  flad. 

And  nMtioAlBH  th'  txkMMod  linbt  Uj  dnd  i 

Not  M  Iba  DoMer  n^ioat,  where  the  heart 

And  twrlf  Imi|«  Ibeir  riul  powtn  c4ert| 

Tb(fc,  liafcriaB.  lale,  aai  lo^-coadtciipg  Ufa 

Rom  h*!!"'  '*>••  ud  *liU  nai*uii>«d  the  itrilt; 

l>rirea  imi  at  IrsfUi  iniriUiaatj  and  alow. 

She  left  her  wonal  boiuc,  add  WMsht  lbs  ihadM  balow." 


"  As  he  finished  Uic  last  verse — he  expired  ! 

"  Poor  Lucan  I    I  could    have   wished    that 

le  other  and  more  coiisoUtory  puaage,  even 

of  bin  omi  worki,  had  uocurred  to  him  -,— that, 

for    inNtnitce,  iti  which   he   hiu  so  beautifuDj' 

iribed  the  apothcotiis  of  Pampcy : — 


—dwril 

k.' 


In  tb«  JfliiB  twba*  of  ht  pile 
tbcyrautoal  upon  Iha  bankiofNila; 
Nor  loafer  by  Ibe  varibly  |iatu  rotrcDcd, 
Aahht  ita  wretched  relica  «■<  deUincd  ■, 
8«l,  kctiTO  aad  impalirat  of  dvlajr, 

Shot  fnMn  the  moiitdering  beip,  and  upvirda  urred  tU  'aj. 
Par  In  thiiM  aiurc  rr^loa>  of  the  nit, 
Wliieh  borderon  Ihr  rolUnir  lUrry  tpher«  ; 
Ulijliwll  our  orb,  and  seantr  to  that  M(hl, 
Where  Cfathla  drins  around  her  lilrcr  light  j 
Tlieir  happy  tmii  the  ikaii-godi  |iotMM, 
ReSneil  bj  rlrtue,  and  prepared  for  bliu  \ 


*  Rowe,  PharuL  ii  I,  t.  CSS. 


Id* 


Of  life  unblaowd,  ■  pun*  and  pioui  tm«, 

W«rtii]r  that  Inwrr  licHVon  and  Man  la  gran, 

Dmne  aai  nfatl  M  the  ^lonoui  ptacf. 

Tliett  Pompcy'a  loul,  idDrncd  B-iih  htaTfnlf  Ij^ht. 

Soon  *!i»iir  ainniiH  ih«  rfd,  anil  ■*  tbv  nat,  iru  bri|ht.J 

N«w  (o  Ili(  blrit  nlKHfr,  with  tromlcr  filled, 

Tbe  i\en  incl  moTiog  plaarls  he  beheld ; 

Then  looking  dovn  on  the  «i)n'»  UehW  ray, 

Surttfcd  iHir  duafcjr,  faint,  impfrfvct  dav. 

And  unilpr  what  >i  cloud  of  nigbt  m  lajr. 

But  wlii-n  hv  law,  how  on  ihc  abore  forlorn 

Ilia  bt-ndlcu  Irunlt  wai  cut  fur  public  acorn^ 

When  he  bflii-li[  Uiiw  iniviiiiH  fiirtiiiie  ttiU 

To'^k  pa:nh  ii>  iihc  n  ncimirli'Oi  ^'artraiH  iLI^ 

Ho  ainiird  al  tiji!  rain  malicF  of  hii  foe> 

And  pitied  imEWtent  mankind  below."* 


*'  When  we  couitid«r  tlie  servile  spirit  of  the 
agt,  what  a  hrijfht  exception  did  Lucan  form, 
and  nttnt  n  treasury  of  noble  sentiments  has 
he  left!  Future  patriots,  in  tlte  latest  times, 
vill  light  tlieir  torelies  nt  his  altar,  and  feet 
their  hearts  glow  with  the  sacred  fire  which  he 
has  kindli'd !  (A).  If  he  felt  such  divine  ardour 
in  the  coTitempIatioii  of  that  liberty  which 
Brutus  worshipped,  and  found  a  mere  shadow; 
with  what  raptures  wotdd  he  have  hailed  the 
real,  though  distant  prospect,  of  tliat  amelioia* 
tion  in  the  condition  of  ninnkind,  which  Chris- 
tianity presents  1    Poor  fcUowl  he  was  sensible* 


■  Row*,  PfatTMl.  IS,  T.  1. 


tod    MiHC    »!■— T-    fEusiiut.    or    tit   e^iwi^ 

he  kaea-  smk  -raen  s  taik.  far  iuirrsTirine. 
He  lav  taa  iai  tie  bnns&rs  nf  rrrrr:arc: 
bat  knew  **"'"ic  :r  ^itf  p:n:>::f  Ifsery 
whicfa  if  BDv  "J"  ■  7ir  'C'si.  tzif  vrrjf 
WonU  to  G^aL  cae  -r-^**^  sf  tijiae  ^liuansf 
bt^MS  md  Tiim  rezKocu  »~^'~  ^izpccd  ""'*" 
to  join  m  Rxrs  ^j-t*ji' phtj  to  n£  -^  ^\xiz  at 
one  tynnt,  probuir  to  miu  rxK  :~:c  aziCAh:tT, 
be  had  csogbt  btt  m  pucpae  ex  tr^:  kiziroo'm 
vhicfa  k  maldm^  its  E>=it  petigicM-  Tinril  it 
dull  emfanee  all  tlx  salkios  of  ii«  arth '. 
How  would  it  have  Steered  his  ardent.  r.ob\e 
spirit!  How  woald  he  hare  exclaiined  with 
onr  divine  St.  Fval, — 

"  *  I  reckoa  that  the  sa&ring^  of  this  present 
time  are  not  wortbT  to  be  compared  with  the 
glory  whidi  shall  be  ivrcaled '-' 

"  And  with  what  sabhnie  patience  would  be 
bare  abaied  in  the  earnest  expectation  of 
the  oeatnre  waiting  for  this  rerelation  !  I  hare 
been  led,  my  dear  Claudia,  unconsciously 
into  these  reflections ;  but  I  am  sure  that  you 
wiD  pardon  them. 

"  There  i%  one  circumstance  attending  the 
eondemnalion  of  Lucan,  which  has  given  rise 


168 


STONEBBKCe;    OR, 


to  some  rumours  Likelj  to  prejudice  bis 
msinoTy,  wliich  I  most  not  omit  to  mentioa. 
When  he  wss  brought  before  the  Emperor, 
charged  with  having  joined  in  the  conspiracy, 
the  executioner  dragged  him  into  the  room, 
wherein  was  the  rack  on  which  Epicharia, 
the  principnl  eonspirator,  though  a  slave,  had 
been  tortured  ;  Nero,  painting  to  it,  told  him 
that  be  might  expect  the  same  fate,  if  he  did 
not  disclose  the  name  of  his  feltow  eonspirs- 
tors.  Lucan  fixing  his  eyes  on  Nero,  asked 
him,  mth  a  look,  which  cut  the  tyrant  to  the 

**  *  Would  you  hare  me  accuse  my  mother  ? 
Ciesar  knows  that  such  tortures  are  not  neies 
ury  to  induce  a  son  to  do  that.' 

"By  this,  he  meant  that  such  tortures  were 
sufficient  to  break  ilie  strongest  ties,  but  that 
Nero  had  needed  iiu  luch  coercion  to  make  him 
perpetrate  the  crime  of  matricide.  The  tyrant 
knew,  and  felt  his  meaning  ;  but  the  infamooi 
•ngcilinus,  witli  tlie  subtlety  of  a  fiend,  ex- 
claimed,— 

"'  He  has  betrayed  his  mother  ;  let  ber-be 
be  questioned.'* 


I 

I 


i 


*  Ai  lid*  accoBM  of  Lncan'i  (kaih  dUTen,  is  una  n«f*rU, 
Intt  Ibat  of  nrita»,  it  h  but  hoocU  to  rrfrr  the   n»ia 


TBB   ROUANB    IN    BRITAIN.  Ifi' 

''This  accoant,Iof  course,  gather  from  hear- 
say,  as  none  bat  the  miscreants  concerned  in 
the  punishment  of  the  conspirators  were 
present :  bat  Lucan's  fortitude  in  death,  of 
which  I  was,  alas!  an  eye-witness,  seems  to 
render  it  probable. 

"  I  am  at  present  employed  in  assisting  his 
amiable  widow  in  the  arrangement  and  re- 
vision of  the  Pharsalia,  which  poor  Lucan 
bad  hardly  completed,  and  of  which  I  send  you 
the  accompanying  cursory  criticism,  which  I 
made  at  PoUa's  request." 


In  the  same  parcel  with  this  epistle,  was 
a  critique  upon  Lucan's  Pharsalia,  which  may 
not  be  unacceptable  to  the  classical  reader.* 

ID  tbc  Utter.— Vid.  Tic.  Ann.  xv.  56.    Eipeciittly  nee  Mar. 
fkfa  TraniUtiOD  of Ticitui  Nolc  to  AdmU,  Book  1 5,  cli.  SS. 
■  See  nolg  at  tLe  eod  of  Uii*  Tolanit,  (AJ. 


t68 


RTONEIIRNGR  ;   OR, 


CHAPTER  XVII. 


A  (ahrlc  buft 
Row  Ilk*  an  fiihaUlion — 
Huilt  lik(  ■  li:mpl(,  whf  re  pilnitn*  roaoJ 
W«f*  tri,  aoil  Doric  pllUn  ivrvrUiil 
With  toWra  architrare  i  nor  did  tlwre  wast 
Conilce  «r  frine,  villi  \iotmf  icalpun*  fi«T^  i 
Tbi:  roof  «m  tt*itrA  piM.    Not  B^Im, 
NaT  gnat  AIniro  mch  magnifirrnn 
EqDol'd  ia  all  thtir  glorin. 

r4  *«!»■■  UMT. 


In  cniiiiequence  of  the  conspiracy  of  PUo, 
the  persecution  of  the  ChriHtiiiiiH  was  rrlaxed 
fw  a  lime,  the  Emperor's  attention  being  too 
mudi  absorbed  in  providing  for  his  own  snfetr, 
to  allow  him  to  attend  to  m*tt«rs  of  le»s  per- 
sonal importMioe.  Wlien  tlie  ekcitement 
cauwd  by  this  event  hnd  aubsided,  wmI  tbe 
conspirator*  had  atoned  for  tlieir  failure  with 


TBB  aSHUJCS   IS  SXIXAnc.  1S$ 


tbdr  blood ;  i«d  vim  ux  Saaae  h^  jtn- 
MDted  tiidr  wrrDe  txmcisnuisuna  ic  ii>c 
Empenv  on  fau  eso^c  TlrffT-Ving  ijiL  ur  & 
dwnencT,  viu(±  bad  ccmnnm^Bd  inaoceitce 
with  gnib  in  one  induoimiiuae  psusUDenl.* 
Nero  resamed,  vvii  Tcdoiilikd  ardo&r.  tbr 
tnedoa  of  hii  new  pslaoe,  viuoi  had.  ^r^iw-ri 
been  in  jMugroB  erer  Buee  the  desmuiicii  a 
hu  old  <me  br  the  txaiSa^r^oa.  Tbc  pn>s«n- 
lion  of  tbia  itopeiuknis  vnk  neoecniily  em- 
ployed a  conadcnUe  part  of  bis  time,  and 
•ffiwded  the  Chiitfians  a  Tahuble  T^jnere :  bat 
it  did  tM)t  iiiniiib  tbat  piquant  enijbcxtuxa 
which  he  cnved,  vbid  vas  only  denrabV 
fram  the  czerdse  of  cradty.  Hapinly  for  bis 
fiencUab  appetite  for  blood,  the  Cbmtiui  reli- 
pon  had,  donng  thii  ioterral,  been  propagated 
with  aocb  succesi,  as,  io  his  opinion,  to  joatiiy 
lui  iDterfereoce. 

The  new  faith  bad  gained  admittance  into 
the  cotut,  the  anny,  and  even  the  fiuoUy  of 
Nero !  Such  an  intrusion  was  not,  of  course, 
to  be  connived  at ;  and,  therefore,  a  most 
ligoroos  scrutiny  was  instituted,  by  which  St. 

*  Tac.  Ano.  xr^  e.  74. 
TOU  III.  I 


170 


BTONlniNOB;  OB, 


I 


pQu],  and  also  St.  Peter,  who  ma  Uien  in  the 
capital,  were  discovered  und  imprisoned. 
Pudens  made  use  of  his  own  liberty  to  visit 
these  holy  men  tn  thdr  confinement,  preponi- 
tory  to  tlieir  trial ;  and  drew  from  their  extunple 
that  fortittidc  which  he  was  so  soon  himself  tQi 
require.* 

Thus  things  went  on  at  Rome*  until  the  day 
arrived  for  Pudens  to  take  his  trial.  As  some 
of  tJie  court  favourites  took  nn  interest  in  the  ■ 
matter,  and  »»  other  criminids  of  importance 
were  to  be  tried  the  same  day,  Nero  deter- 
mined to  gratify  his  courtiers  as  well  as  him- 
self hy  presiding  personally  ;  and,  to  give  the 
proceedings  the  more  ifclat,  had  erected  a  th-  ^ 
bunal  in  the  hall  of  his  new  palace.  m 

On  bis  way  thither,  Pudens  was  forcibiy 
stru^  with  the  contrast  between  that  portioB 
of  the  city  which  formed  part  of  the  royal 
domiuns  in  its  present  state,  and  when  he  had 
last  beheld  it  enveloped  in  flames.  Id  the  H 
place  of  densely  populated  streets,  aj^ieared 
now,  though  in  the  heart  of  the  world's  crowded 


*Si.  JMant  ttiU*iliii  St.  Pcicr,  wbileatRam*,  MaraMd, 
■wo  upulDi  of  Uic  gu«ri]>  and  rorty  wren  MUifn,  ud  ■ 
N«ro'*  oibtiTH. 


k 


Tll£    ROMANS    IN    BRITAIN.  171 


capital,  fields  nnd  lakes,  thick  n-oods  and  o^ien 
prospects !  Nothing  could  exceed  the  rich 
variety  of  laiithcaiie  over  which  the  eye  wan- 
dered, encountering  no  bound  but  the  homon, 
which  seemed  more  or  less  extended,  ai^cordtng 
to  the  undulating  line  of  the  Esquiliiie  Hill. 
A  Muperb  avenue,  consisting  of  a  triple  row  of 
mnrhle  columns,  the  middle  rtiw  of  which 
divided  the  fuutpath  from  the  carriage  road, 
and  which  extended  exactly  «  milr,  led  to  the 
magnificent  vestibule. 

Occupied,  as  Pudens's  mind  naturally  was. 
with  anxious  thoughts,  he  could  not  help  paus- 
ing  now  and  then  in  his  way  to  admire  the 
snatches  of  scenery  on  cither  side,  the  beauty  of 
which  was  doubled  by  reflection  in  the  azure 
waters  of  the  different  lakes.  One  large  lake 
in  particular,  mirroreda  mimic  city  on  its  banks. 
Every  kind  of  beast,  remarkable  either  for 
beaut)*  or  rarity,  and  of  bird,  distinguished 
either  by  brilliancy  of  plumage  or  sweetness 
of  song,  gambolled  upon  the  lawn,  or  beauti- 
fied and  enlivened  the  water  and  woods. 

In  the  vestibule,  nnd  visible  for  some  dis- 
tance through  the  marble  vista,  stood  a  colossal 
statue  of  the  Emperor  in  bronze,  a  hundred 

I   2 


rtonkiiekob;  or. 


of' 


and  twenty  feet  high !  The  msgnificence 
the  interior  oorreKponded  with  t)uit  of  the 
exterior  of  the  palace,  as  appenred  from  the 
access  to  the  hall  of  justice,  irhic^h  Iny  )>eyoDd 
some  of  the  most  BfJeiidicI  npnrtmeiiti,  the 
ckiors  of  which  were  ptirpovelj-  left  o|ien,  and  M 
dtspUyed  such  a  daszUng  profusion  of  gold,  ta 
to  have  Kcqaired,  for  the  edilioe  itself,  the  nama  h 

of  the  (jOt.I>i:N   l^ALACR.  V 

One  (lining  room,  especially,  attracted  Pu- 
dtiis's  nitention,  as  exhibiting;  a  very  norcl 
design.  It  was  circular,  and  revolved,  with* 
out  intermission,  night  and  day,  in  imitation 
of  the  diuma]  motion  of  the  heavens  I  Tbi 
goi^;eousncs$  of  the  state  npartmcnt  itself  baffles 
description;  suffice  it  to  say,  that  it  was  ra- 
diant with  gems,  and  that  its  decorations 
were  almost  entirdy  composed  of  mother- 
o*-pcarl  and  precious  stones :  in  the  centre 
of  tlie  ceiling,  was  an  ornament  resembling 
a  Iw^  flower,  exquisitely  carved  in  tvoryi 
from  the  leaves  of  which  distilled  the  mosil 
fra^nt  perfumes ;  and  the  window's  were 
formed  of  that  transparent  atone  called  phen- 
gitcs,  let  into  silver  lattices.  *  f 

■  ill  ih(  inrMinatiou  ubirli  hu  <«mF  down  to  u  rtblK* 


in 

1 

I 


THE    ROUAND    IS    BRITAIN. 

Amid  til  this  blaxc  of  splendour,  surrounded 
by  hii  glitU-ring  guards,  ami  seated  on  a  kind 
of  Uironfi  of  enchased  gold,  beneath  a  canopy 
of  Babylonian  tapestry  of  incstimnblo  value, 
aat  the  Bm[)eror  !  Before  him  stood  two  men 
indiaiiui;  one  of  tltcm  leaiiing,na  tliougbmuch 
exhaustod,  agitnat  a  marble  column,  and  the 
Otbar  nddressing  the  judge.  The  s])Cakcr  tras 
an  elderly  man,  apparently  a  Jew,  clad  in  tlie 
eoitume  of  n  fisherman :  but  notwithstanding 
the  rusticity  of  Ins  garb,  liis  long  snowy  beard 
gave  him  a  very  venerable  nppexrance.  Aged 
as  he  was,  and  heavily  ludun  with  chains,  he 
spoke  with  such  v-ehcmencc,  that  he  made  the 

I  apacious  hall  re-echo ;  and  the  massive  links, 
which  clanked  as  he  raised  his  arm,  scorned 
no  impediment  to  his  action.  Pudcns  and  his 
party  were  taken  aside  beyond  the  range  of 
columns,  there  to  await  tfacir  turn ;  but  as 
Uierc  was  no  barrier,  except  here  and  there  an 

I     intervening   pillar,  they   could   sec   and   hear 

^Bd  N«to'i  g«lil#n  paUor,  nuy  bs  roanil  ia  Tm.  Aan.  i*,  e. 
^BiS,  tai  irotioT'i  BOM  UictcOD,  where  *ll  ibc  kuiboriU**  »t* 
^^riwd.    Thou  who  ar*  ont  uiUiSed  wiih  ihf  ipf^tnaat  of 

dM  hilars  u'  that  age,  wliich  I  hava  rullwl  io  iha  coutM  «r 
I       ttkworki  HMf  (■ad  a  few   nore   ulferud   lo   in   BratiKr** 

•WMtMtnou. 


STONenENOB;  or, 

nil  tfaat  passed  with  great  facility.  The  < 
was  liaranguing  in  Grcok ;  and,  to  the  axtoniih- 
Rieiit  of  nil  but  Padena,  who  immediately 
recc^iised  him,  instead  of  defending  himself 
tirom  the  charge  mad«  ngninst  him,  which  was 
that  of  propiigatitig  Christianity,  and  whidi  be 
seemed  to  glory  in,  lie  turned  siccaser,  c»l3ed 
on  the  Kniperor  in  the  most  impa^oned 
manner  to  repent  of  his  atrocities,  nnd  repre- 
sented the  awful  conse(]uence«  which  must 
await  him  in  the  tremendous  judgment  to 
come !  No  description  could  do  justice  to  the 
spesker'N  eloquence:  it  seemed  like  melting 
lava,  flowing  on  as  exhauttlessly,  and  burning 
its  way  through  every  obstacle. 

Nero  trembled  violently :  his  colour  came 
and  went;  his  eyes  seemed  to  protrude  with 
terror;  and  his  very  hair  was  not  unaffected! 
His  fuTOuritea,  among  whom  was  the  execsabte 
Tigcllinus,  started  forward  two  or  three  time^ 
as  though  to  rescue  him  from  his  agonixin^f 
situation  :  but  the  moment  the  speaker's  glow- 
ing eye  fell  upon  them,  they  sank  back  as 
if  spell-bound.  And  well  they  mi^ht ;  for  be 
who  was  now  lashing  into  life  thdr  teat- 
pioo-like  consciences,   was  he,   at    whose  re- 


TUB    nOUANS   \H    BRITAIN. 


175 


^^Buai 


:h  the  ipirits  of  Ananiiu  and  Snpphini 
had  fled  from  their  bodies '.  Yet,  Peter 
stood  before  th«in ;  and  they  felt  m  the 
impii  of  hell  felt,  in  the  presence  of  the  Lord 
of  Heaven,  when  with  consternation  they 
uited:— 

"  Art  tliou  come  to  torment  us  before  our 
,e?" 

With  that  vehemence  aiid  boldness  whieh 
distinguished  the  disciple  wlio  had  leaped  into 
the  sea  to  meet  his  lyin),  and  who,  bung  brought 
before  tlte  chief  of  hiw  nation,  had  justified  his 
diaulicdience  of  the  orders  of  tlic  mo^stratea 
by  the  noble  declaration :— "That  wc  ought  to 
obey  Qod  rather  than  men  I" — with  the  same 
TcbemcRee  and  boldness  he  now,  as  then,  cut 
bis  hearers  to  the  heart;  and  in  his  simple  but 
•ublime  language,  drew  such  a  rivid  picture  of 
the  (liiiHoIution  of  all  thiiigit,  and  the  terrors  of 
that  dread  Judge  before  whose  tribuiial  he 
must  soon  stand ;  that  the  tj'rant  might  well 
tremble! 

Little,  I  ween,  did  the  Emperor  reck  of  tlic 
sum])tuousiieas  of  bis  palace,  when  b^Id,  with 
K  solemnity  which  was  almost  appalling,  that 
"  the  day  of  the  Lord  should  come  as  a  thief  in 


17« 


stonkuk;«gb;  or. 


tlie  night,  in  Ute  whici)  tlie  heareiui  shall  pta% 
away  with  a  grrat  noise,  and  the  elenenta 
•hall  melt  with  fcrvrnt  heat,  and  the  earth 
also,  and  the  worics  lliat  are  therein,  shall  be 
bumed  up."* 

The  Emperor  trembled  even  oonTuLtively, 
when  the  inspired  Apostle  spoke  of  the  blast 
of  the  Archangel's  trump,  whicli  should  rive  all 
nature  to  its  centre: — the  quirering  wretch 
thought  of  the  trumpet  sound  which,  in  im^i- 
nation,  he  had  heard  from  Agrippina's  graTerf 
and  the  mam's  of  a  murdi-n-d  mutlicr,  a  mur- 
dered brother,  a  murdered  tutor,  seemed  to  fiit 
around  him !  His  mistress,  |  who  was  sitting 
near  him,  shrieked  with  terror ;  and  the 
agonized  Kmperor,  with  an  almost  expiring 
effort,  raved  out, — 

"  Away  with  him  !'* 

Not,  however,  to  prolong  the  scene — St. 
Peter  and  his  companton  St.  I'aul,  for  sacb 
was  his  weary  fcllow-captive,  were  listened  to 
with  consternation  by  all  present ;  and  when 

•  II.  M«r.  .Ird  (h«p..  lltth  nm. 

t  Gmol  4111  civilrrrni.  umHum  Imiw  cpUibua  circlHa  CiUli*i 
plsncluattue  tiiiniilu  nutria  anitlri. — Ttc.  /tarn,  XI*.  c.  10. 
X  Mjglit    not  tliii   br   tli«   prrw)DKg*  ftllodrd  Id  bjr  Sk 


I 


THK    BOHANS    IN    BRITAIN. 


177 


they  were  at  length  removed  by  the  trembling 
lifers,  the  terrified  officers,  who  executed  the 
Emperor's  mandates,  seemed  much  greater 
objects  of  compassion  than  their  fearless  pri- 


soners ! 


1  3 


us 


stosbiienoe;  or. 


CHAPTER  XVni. 


1  chsrgF  jrou  bj  (he  law, 

Whereof  you  are  ■  well  dcMrring  pillari 
Proceed  to  JudgiueDt. 

I  xm  aurry  fur  iheei  Uiou  irt  come  lo  kntirrr 
A  aioD^  idTcrRity,  to  inhunun  wrcicli 
Ifiraimbli:  of  pily,  voiil  mail  empty 
From  •ny  drini  of  mrrey. 

MEHCilAlcT  or  VBHICI. 

The  Emperor  had  beea  too  mudi  excited  and 
agitated  by  the  trial  of  the  Apostles,  to  Itcar  any 
other  accusations  on  that  day  :  Pudcns's  trial 
was  therefore  postponed  until  the  morrow. 
Ttie  fiery  glanctr  whioli  Nero  cast  upon  him, 
at  hi«  eiitrniicc  into  the  judgment  hall,  assurvd 
him  tliat  the  (.-ircumstancv  of  his  having  wit- 
nessed his  guilty  judge'))  dreadful  disco mtitnte 
by  St.  Peter,  would  not  operate  in  his  fiivour. 
Ill  fact,  the  tyrant  was  resolved  to  rvvenge  lam- 
self  for  the  disgrace  and  exposure  which  be 
had  suffered,  upon  the  first  victim  which  should 
present  itself;  and  poor  Pudens  happened  to 


* 


I 
I 


I 


THS    BOUANB    IN     BRITAIN'.  1/9 

be  that  unforluimtc  individuiO !  As  tbougb 
more  securely  tu  bar  every  nvenue  to  hope^  it 
also  bftppened  tlint  bis  accuser  was  tbe  famouir 
or  rather  iitfumous,  Carus,  n-howos  deterroinctl, 
on  this  ootasion,  to  concentrate  all  hi*  infernal 
facoltiea  in  the  perfornuiice  of  his  part. 

As  the  advocate  plumed  himself  upon  this 
■peecb  as  his  chef-d'oeuvre,  wc  have  deemed 
tfiat  a  brief  aummury  of  it  vould  not  be  utioc- 
oeptalile  to  tlic  render,  as  enabling  him  to  form 
some  idea  of  the  stvle  and  art  of  litis  celebrated 
accuser.     He  oummenced  aa  follows : 


t"  Most  noble  Emperor, 
*'  I  should  neither  consult  your  known  ele- 
ency  nor  my  own  feelings,  on  the  present 
tinful  ocaision,   were   1  (o   adopt  ihc  usual 
ctine  of  orators,  and  to  exaggerate  crimM 
1  would  far  more  willingly  cxtmuaic. 
lu«  I'udens  staiuls  accused  of  treason,  and  nf 
I  :*  and  I  ouultl,  were  it  neoessary,  prove 
several  distinct  offcncei  under  taeh  of  (bcse 
datOrn  of  crime ;  liut  out  of  composiion  tu  the 
aaed  1  will  cunlii>e  Diysdf  witliin  the  nar- 


^ecti: 


Par  Uc  uniMttiiaa  of  lb«  Ckriuiwi,  tec  Siillingftwi'* 
tMf,  Sacra,  Book  It.  ck  y. 


ISO 


sTUNEiieNQe;  ob. 


roweHt  possible  bounds,  »ik1  restrict  my  obscr- 
TaUoih  to  one  offence  of  each  kind.  In  so 
doing  I  am  aware,  divine  Cicsar,  Uint  I  nm  ex- 
posing myteif  to  the  cli&i;^  of  liaving  neglected 
my  duty  towards  your  august  person  ;  and  tKat 
such  a  charge,  though  forborn  by  yourself,  is 
not  unlikely  to  be  jiressed  by  others :  wid  I 
am  also  aware  that  1  nm  unnecessarily  subject- 
ing myself  to  the  dillicully  and  responsibilily 
of  malting  a  selection  trom  tlie  too — too 
crowded  catalogue  of  crimes,  though  at  full 
liberty  to  embrace  the  whole  in  one  accuse 
lion.  Tiiis  difHculty  of  selection  is,  indeed, 
the  greatest  per[>lexity  which  I  have  had  to 
encounter :  for  1  confess  that  I  remained  for 
some  time  utidccideil,  whellier  u»  charge  the 
prisonerwithtlie  assassination  of  the  Emperor'a 
servant,  and  the  plunder  of  Venus's  temple) 
or  witli  h'n  connection  with  the  late  ronspiiacr, 
and  his  propagaticm  of  that  baleful  superstition, 
called  CImstianity.  Determined  at  length  by 
motives  of  compassion,  rather  than  by  any  othtr 
consideration,  it  is  my  intention  to  confine  the 
present  accusation  to  the  two  former  crimes. 
All  the  other  charges  1  abandon ;  for  tho<^ 
I  am  able,  as  the  prisoner  well  knows,  to  bring 


THE   BOXANS    IX    BmiTAIX.  181 

ludi  ptDob  of  Im  gnlt  n  wosld 
par&lise  ev«n  his  ntdj  teogae  to  deort  I 
will  spare  taa  yottth — [  will  pity  his  foUy—  1 
would  if  possible  pftUiate  ha  gaUt." 

^^  Podens  beiog  almost  goaded  to  nudoeaa^ 
^■y  tbia  crud  and  hypocritical  Tmont  of  leotty, 
^interrupted  llic  speaker  to  be-^  that  the  Emperor 
would  call  for  such  proofs,  ii'  his  adTersnrr  had 
them :  which  request  was  immediately  complied 
witli.  Tltia  was  exactly  wltat  Cams  had  witlxd 
iwl  hoped ;  for,  oUierwise,  be  could  Dot  bare 
induded  the  two  hut  crimea  in  his  accontion, 

Illicy  havintc  been  discorercd  subscqucDtly  to 
tlie  notice  of  prosecution. 
With    triumph,   tliercfore,    he    proceeded  : 
"  Since  then,  rlivinc  Cnsar,   you  tutre   cnm- 
nonded,   I    muitt  obey.      Forgive  me,  noble 
Prince  I  if  1  add  that  I  obey  with  reluctance ; 
and  tlut  no  jietulance  of  the  accused  should 
II      have  extorted  from  me  the  fatal  evidence  which 
^Kt  is  now  my  duty  to  produce.*' 
'''        So  sAyiiig,   he  called  for  the  letters  which 
J'udcna  hail  written  to  Lucnti  and  8ciiecii,  duriag 
l)t»  confinement;  and  which  had  probably  been 
[iterc«pte<l.     Kroro  the  former   he  read  ilie 


IS8 


STOXEHEXOe;    OB, 


following  ptuiMige,  *^  /  wish,  my  Luean,  tlut  I 
cottld  asMSt  ^u  in  yevr  tecrel  work ;  hut,  oka  ! 
I  eaaTtot.  My  heart,  however,  I  nted  hartHgtei! 
t/ou,  h  with  ffou ;  orH  I  sincerely  wish  you  we- 
ee*s.  Yo«r  principal  diffiatlty  wilt  be  to  ietp 
tite  matter  ttcret  from  the  Emperor ;  lu,  if  he 
thould  have  any  mrpicion  of  your  design,  it  kqvI4 
be  fatal." 

Tlie  letter  tu  Seneca  contuned  tliiit  aingukr 
sentence  :  "  What  wovid  t  not  give,  O  belt  ^  I 
ft^n,  (optitne  virononj  to  eoandt  with  you  aboal 
a  certain  ptot.  KHOum  as  you  are  to  aU  parties, 
and  indeed  in  some  measure  invoU-ed,  your 
counsel  would  be  of  incalculable  advantage  to  su," 

Carus  luiving  rend  these  extnicts,  asked 
IHtdens  wli<;ther  he  could  deny  the  writing, 
which,  of  course,  he  could  not  do ;  and  then  be 
proceeded; — *'  Hnppilv,  my  duty  does  not  re- 
quire niiy  lengthened  comment  upon  these 
paKsageK.  The  meaning  is,  alas  \  loo  endent- 
No  reasonable  being,  within  the  circuit  of  tbi> 
vast  empire,  can  have  a  doubt  as  tu  the  '  secret  ■ 
work'  of  Lucan,  which,  happily,  it  has  be«n 
difhcull  to  keep  'secret  Iruni  the  Ecnperur, 
although  his  suspicion  may  be  iatal.* — This 
<  secret  work'  in  which  the  accused  states,  'Aw 


THE   ROUANB   IN    SlttTAIN. 


183 


heart  to  have  been  uith  LvaiH,  and  in  u'AirA  he 
wished  him  tuceett ;'  in  identical  with  wiiat,  in 
■  Seoea's  letter,  u  xtyled,  if  possible,  less  am- 
bigtioaslf,  *a  certain  plot,'  'in  vhich  Seneca 
^  wot  $ome»hat  involved,'  I1ie  design  of  that 
B  plot— the  parties  to  it — uid  the  success  of  it, 
■re  all  iiow  matters  of  lusiorj-.  Lueait  kiid 
Seneca  have  both  paid  n  fitting  expiation  for 
thdr  crimes  I  and  1  will,  thvrcfora,  no  further 
ftilude  to  it  than  to  say,  tliat  the  eloquence  of 
our  Cicero,  when  he  hurlc<l  his  thunder-bolts 
against  Catiline,  would  not  have  found  Inn- 
gtinge  adequately  to  describe  so  nefarious,  so 
execrable,  a  conspiracy  as  that,  which,  if  the 
(loda  bad  not  expresiily  reTealed,  would  hare 
deprived  his  country  of  a  father,  tlie  world  of  a 
benefactor,  and  literature  and  tlie  arts  of  their 

Iincaniate  Apollo ! 
"  Having  thus,  divine  Csesar!  submitted  these 
docamenis  to  your  august  perusal,  and  proved, 
alas  !  too  unaniwcrably,  that  the  accused  was 
H'privy  to  this  horrible  plot,  and  to  use  liis  own 
lan,^agc,  tincerely  wished  the  cowf/irators  ne- 
rcM,  1  nould   observe,    in   initigati>jn  of  bis 
[icntencc,  that  he  was  nut  actually  and   per- 


ItH 


STOMEIIRNOK  ;    OR, 


sonslly  engaged  in  it.  It  might,  indeed,  be 
retortad  chat  he  was  in  duriuioe,  nnd  unable  to 
use  his  pcnoiial  exertions ;  jret  I  would  entreat 
your  clemency,  august  Emperor,  to  pudon  in- 
effectual wishes,  unaccompanied  with  mure 
active  operations ! 

"  It  now  hchorcs  me,  in  obedience  to  your 
commands,  to  brin^  forward  cvidcnee  of  Aulus 
Pudens  having  been  one  of  the  propsgators  of 
tliat  Bupcrstitious  pest— Christianity.  It  is 
hardly  necessary  to  cnll  witnesses  to  prove 
that  he  was  in  the  habit  of  frequenting  tlteu 
misanthropical  meetings;  us  ttiis  is  a  fact 
which  I  do  not  think  that  he  will  hare  Uie 
effrontery  to  deny :  but  the  witnesses  which  1 
sliall  call  will  prove  a  much  more  sini^ular,  a 
much  more  decisive  fact  than  tliis-  Ttiey  wtU 
prove  that,  in  the  second  dreadful  conflagration 
caused  by  the  Christiana,  when  every  ono  tried 
tu  rescue  from  tlte  flames  that  whicli  vtaa  most 
pr^^cious  to  him,  the  treasure  selected  by  this 
infatuated  young  man,  and  in  the  preservation 
of  which  he  nlniust  lust  his  life,  was — tliis 
book  (n  fntgnient  of  tiie  New  Testament)— 
containing  the  infamous  and  most  peniidous 


1 
I 


TBB    ROMANS   IN    nHITAtN. 


189 


doctrines  of  ChrisUanity  : — a  book,  which,  (as 

I    ml)   shew  yuu)  inculi^itex  luitred   even   tu 

[MrentM  !'' 
■     Ho   Uien   produced  Claudm's  copy   of   the 
Htcripturcs,   and    rexd   the    following  rene: — 
^R" '  Think  not  that  1  nni  come  to  send  peace  oii 
Bflaith  }  I  CKme  not  to  send  peace,  but  n  ftword. 

Tor  1  am  oome  to  >et  a  man  at  variiuice  i^ainst 

hii  filtlier,  and  tite  daughter  against  her  mother; 

and  tlie  duugl)ter-in>lair  againat  her  lnotbc^in- 

)|W:  &c.'  '*• 

When  the  expression  of  horror,  whicli  this 

quotation    tuul    produced    had     subaided,      a 

witiWM  deposed  tliat   Pu<lens  was  found,  on 
^bho    ni^ht  of  the  second  conflagration,   near 

kome   bunitng  ruins,  in  a  stale  of  inteimbi- 

hty  I  clinging  to  thia  relic  with  singular  perti- 

fMcity  I 
^^    CaruB   then   resumed,    "  Thus    far,    divine 
^fccesar  1  have  I  constrained  myself,  in  obedience 
^Pto  your  commands,  to  advert  to  crimes  over 

which  I  would  gladly  have  thrown  the  veil  of 
liUviun.  I  purposely  abstain  from  alt  eom- 
ncnt  u|>on  their  atrocity ;  nor  nerd  I  nrnke 
iy  remark  upon  tho  endcnce  of  guilt,  which 


■  S(.  M«n^«.  llth  cliap.  *.  34, 


186 


stonbiibngb:  or. 


is  such  as  to  learc  no  possibility  of  Uie  exis- 
tence of  a  doubt" 

Tlie  advocate  then  proceeded  to  the  mora 
iinmcdtste  and  legitimate  subjects  of  his  two- 
fold accusation  of  treason  and  sAcrilege,  >nd 
under  the  first  head,  accused  Pudens  of  harii^ 
slain  one  of  tbc  Emperor's  domcstica  on  the 
night  of  bis  return  to  Uomc ;  and  under  the 
second,  of  having  robbed  the  shrine  of  Venn*. 
The  first  oScncc  was  proved  witb  little  diffi- 
eulty;  and  as  to  the  second,  althongli  tw 
accusation  could  be  more  false,  yet,  strange  to 
say,  the  evidence  adduced  in  support  of  it  was 
such,  as  to  eatabhsh  it  almost  incontroveitibljr. 
Witnesses  came  fofH-ard  and  swore  that  they 
had  seen  Pudens  enter  the  temple  of  Venus, 
and  take  charge  of  the  statue.  Others  swor« 
that  the  offerings  with  which  the  shrine  iru 
adorned,  including,  among  other  things,  a 
Taluablc  corselet,  or  necklace  of  British  pearls, 
with  which  it  bad  been  enriched  by  Julius 
Ctesar,*  liiul  been  safe  just  before  tite  fire, 
but  had  never  been  seen  since :  and  to  place 
the  matter  beyond  doubt,  a  necklace  of  British 
liearls  was  protluoed,  which  bad  been  found 
in  I*ucleiis's  bosom,  when  he  was  taken  to  llie 
•  PUd.  N*I.  fll*L  Ilk  IS.  c.  Si. 


TUB    ROMAN'S    IN     BRITAIN. 


IS7 


loase  of  Epaphroditus;   and  which   wrb  de- 
posed to,  b)-  the  priestess  of  Vcnus's  temple, 
[ta    tlte   identical  nccklftcc,   or  torque  of  the 
\  goddess. 

We  do  not  mean  to  aocase  the  priestess, 
^nor,  indeed,  any  other  of  the  wiLiieH&eSi  of 
tperjar)- ;  but  we  cannot  ac(]uit  her  of  error ;  for 
[the  fact  wds,  that  the  necklace  which  she 
l-idcntified  with  that  of  the  goddess,  was  the 
[torque  which  wc  have  before  related  to  have 
conveyed  hy  our  hero  to  his  mistress,  as 
Is  present  from  her  father. 

Such  was  the  substance  of  the  accusation 
hinat  Pudcns  which  Cams  concluded  with 
[the  following  pen>ration:— 

"  Thus   hare   I    proved,    most  dirine  Em- 

tpcror!  by  cridcnoc  absolutely  irrefutable,  the 

[commission  of  a  series  of  rrimes,  of  such  tui^ 

[pitudc,  tliat  death  would  he  well  merited  by 

one  of  them.     If  each,  taken  sinL;ly,  is  so 

Dus,   and  so  atrocious,    what  mait  he  the 

combination  ?     I  hare,  as  your  august  Mnjcaty 

has  witnessed,  abstained  from  all  exaggerating 

remarks,  as  they  came  before  me  in  detail.— 

Nay,  I  have  rnther  pnlliated,  than  aggravatwl 

and,  indeed,  as  to  some  of  them,  I  ha\'C 


ISS 


STONenEN'OK;  or, 


brought  them  forward  liesitaUnglf  *n<l  n> 
luctantly,  and  only  in  subroinion  to  cob* 
manda  which  I  dorst  not  disobey.  But  rw«- 
ing  them  in  their  connection,  they  present  an 
upcct  so  fool,  that  he  who  can  Iwhold  it  with 
features  unmoved, — nay,  he  who  docs  nut 
avert  hia  eyes  with  horror  and  disput, — must 
be  so  habituated  to  the  contemplation  of  rice, 
aa  to  regard  it  at  last  with  congenial  indul- 
gcnoc.  Palliation,  in  such  a  eaae^  becomes 
toleralion,  approbetion,  and  particijuition. 
Some  crimes  may,  and  do  proceed  froiD 
human  infirmity,  ur  from  sudden  and  transient 
pasHioii ;  and  such  inlinuity,  or  passion,  may 
be  viewed  in  extenuation  of  them:  but  die 
crimes  of  which  the  prisoner  stands  accused, 
numenws  and  various  ns  they  arc,  proceed 
from  one  powerful,  active,  deep  rooted  princi- 
ple —  B  principle  which  has  obliterated,  or 
a1>sorbcd  all  ot))cr  feelings  and  which  has 
been  carried  out  with  a  pertinacity  of  purpose 
perliup't  unequalled  in  the  annals  of  youtiiful 
ilcpravity.  Tlie  nature  and  tendency  of  tliis 
principle,  may  be  l>cst  inferred  from  the  ex- 
tract which  1  have  rend  from  the  \*olame 
snatched  out  of  the  flames  by  the  prisofMr, 


I 


I 

I 


TBS   BOILAXS   IX   MMJ7*Z^.  l^ 

kt  the  poO  ai  hat  hSt.  ntnu  vliid  il  ^^«kn. 
that  it  U  one  cvtnredh-  iniaacd  to  Utc  nract 
sacred  social  ties-  and  rabnersTV  of  tJi  peace 
and  treDqaillity.  And  so,  indeed,  it  vil  j^uine, 
if  we  tnce  tlic  applicKixm  of  it  by  d>e  pn- 
sooer.  Let  n$,  br  war  of  illastntioTi,  rerier 
bis  condnct  <mi  tbe  n%bt  of  his  retun  mun 
Rome. 

"  If  tboe  be  anr  ngbt  vhidi  can  melt  the 
heart,  and  soften  down  even  tbe  most  ran* 
corona  misanthrapy ;  it  is  sardy  that  of  one's 
csmntry  in  flames:  and  if  there  be  a  moment 
when  the  bosom  is  peealiarly  susceptible  of 
such  generoDs  ireakness,  it  is  at  one's  first 
retnm  to  that  country  after  a  long  absence ! 
Now,  to  a  person  so  situated,  viewing  such  a 
calamity, — what,  I  would  ask — what,  amid  the 
general  wreck,  would  seem  to  lay  the  strongest 
claim  upon  his  exertions  to  rescue  it  from 
destmction !  Is  it  not  something  connectctl 
with  the  religion,  or  the  glory  of  that  coun- 
try? And  would  not  a  generous  person  sa- 
crifice his  hfe  in  the  preservation  of  such  a 
relic }  What,  then,  shall  we  say  of  one,  who 
at  snch  a  time,  and  under  such  circuu) stances, 
could  after  a  long  exile,  behold  unmoved,  the 


190 


s-niNKUExaE;  OB, 


fiery  deluge  overwiielming  his  country  i  Naj-, 
could  dnw  hiit  sword  against  his  prince's 
wn'aiit,  employed  iti  endeavouring  to  estin- 
guinli  the  flames;  and  wliat  is  rrcn  htill  more 
horrible,  and  almost  incredible,  avail  hitoself 
of  such  ail  opportunity  lo  deface  a  aacfcd 
shrine,  and  despoil  it  of  a  glorious  trophy! 
Execrable,  most  execrable,  were  such  crimes  in 
any  person  ;  but  when  jierpetratcd  by  a  soldier, 
—the  professed  jirotector  of  his  country, — and 
a  soldier  juat  returned  from  Britain,  too,  who 
must  have  known  what  each  peurl  in  that 
trophy  cost  tlie  divine  Ctesar^no  words  can 
designate  the  turpitude  of  such  conduct! 
Verily,  a  religion  which  could  have  prompted 
it,  must  have  been  sent  not  to  bring  peace,  but 
a  swon),  and  to  set  a  man  at  variance  with  hii 
father'.  Id  otlwr  words,  it  must  inculcate 
principles  opposed  to  all  that  is  most  aocrcd 
and  estimable ;  arming  a  man  against  his 
country — his  country's  government,  his  coun- 
try's glory,  and  his  country's  religion  ! 

"  But  the  deep-rooted  inveteracy,  as  well  as 
malignity,  of  these  principles  is  deserving  of 
notice.  This  is  finely  exemplified  by  the 
prisoner's  conduct  in  confinement.    To  a  {ler- 


I 


I 


rVK    BOMA^    IK    BSrrAIN. 

•on  in  dannce,  ooe  vould  imagiDV,  lil  other 
thongbts,  all  oUkt  Miiieiie*,  voold  pcU  to 
the  [wmiKiuDt  desifc  of  Ubo^.  NoC  wt, 
hovrever,  with  AoJoa  Pudens :  be  dnires, 
indeed,  to  be  Creed  from  his  chaiQ  ;  but  why  i 
— *  I'o  assist  Lucan  in  his  secret  woric.*  He 
is  soroewhftt  iiDpfttietit  o{  his  coofioeiuent ;  but 
wherefore  i — '  To  consult  witO  Seoeca  about 
a  certain  plot !'  Well  ma;  he  have  exposed 
bimseU  to  the  most  imminent  perils  to  rescue 
from  the  dames  a  treasure  which  could  in- 
Ipire  him  with  principles  so  noble  and  ele- 
vated^—>pnRci])lcj(  which  could  enable  him  to 
despise  the  )>et1y  partiahties  of  meaner  minds 
and  thus  suhhmely  to  triumph  over  tlie  love 

I  of  one's  country,  the  love  of  liberty,  and  the 
love  of  life!" 
Cams  having  concluded  his  accusation  with 
this  chmax  uf  irony,   Nero  demanded  of  the 
prisoner,  whnt  he  had  to  say  in  his  defence. 
Pu<icns  had  revolved   the  iiiuioua  cliargcs  of 
^tliis  accusaliun  in  liiH  mind;  and    found  thitt 
bere  was  not  one  which  ho  could  satitfitcturily 
ate.     With  respect  to  his  letters  to  Lucan 
id  Seneca, — he  rejected,  that  if  he  attempted 
Ian  explanation,  he  should  perhaps  be  render- 


193 


stonehrnob;  on. 


ing  LucHD  liable  to  the  loss  of  that  immortal 
mceil,  which  should  reward  his  talents,  oo  the 
one  hand ;  and  on  the  other  hand,  be  expoa- 
ing  Claudia,  to  the  hazard  of  a  discoirerf. 
With  respect  to  his  hnring  slain  the  Emperor's 
sefrant,  he  satr,  at  onec.  that  Uic  Emperor,  in 
his  own  defence,  would  justify  the  conduct  of 
his  servant,  and  resent  bis  own  interf^ 
rei>oe.  As  it  r^srded  his  rescue  of  the 
fragment  of  the  holy  scriptures,  —  although 
incidental  and  fortuitous,  it  would  lead  (o  an 
exposure  of  bis  relation  to  Claudia,  wlucfa  be 
would  rbk  his  life  to  avoid :  and  as  to  the 
chai^  of  bis  having  robbed  the  shrine  of 
Venus,  it  oontaitied  such  a  mixture  of  tnth 
and  lalsclKKid,  as  would  require  evidence, 
which  he  was  not  then  in  a  situation  to  pro- 
core,  to  exculpate  himMlf. 

Under  these  drcumstances,  l»e  be^ed  time 
to  prepare  his  defence,  alleging  bis  igno- 
rance of  the  itnture  of  the  acmaation,  and 
compbining  of  the  insidious  manner  in  which 
charges  bad  been  introduced  of  crimes,  which 
if  they  had  any  existence  at  all,  could  only 
bavc  occurred  subseqoently  to  the  notice  of 
impeacbment.    The  ftrocioua  Emperor,  bov- 


THB   BOMAXt   IX    BRITAIN. 


193 


eretf  pintii^  for  rerenge,  refund  to  sllow 
him  my  fdrtber  time :  and  ss  Podens  confined 
his  defenoe  to  a  protestation  of  innocence,  he 
wdered  two  licton  to  *  do  their  duty,'  which 
signified  to  harry  him  off  to  the  prison,  there 
to  await  cafutal  panisfaoieDt. 


VOL.    III. 


1S4 


btoneuekob;  ob. 


CHAPTER   XIX. 

No  I>kI>(>  >***  yof*  Mil  ^Imid,  wlilth  •bewi  me  vAi 
WbUb  arrn  Mhoad  but  (o  *orrawi'  •ouadi^ 
Tb«  ligli  of  1on)(  impriMnin«Dl — lb«  •ifr* 
Of  {Mt  on  whicli  tbc  irun  cIbdIici]— ihc  grots 
(M  dulb— the  ioprvHlion  ot  ilc»|iktr; 

TiiB  Tiro  naciti. 

&»  Pudetis's  crime  ints  considered  i  con- 
centntion  uf  nil  that  was  atrocioiu,  it  vm 
determined  that  his  puiushment  should  bt 
exemplary  ;  and  he  was  therefore  removed  to 
a  place,  at  the  Dame  of  which  humamty  reoab 
— tlie  Mamertiiie  prisoD,  or,  as  it  was  stjM 
by  one  of  the  andent  poetSj  "  f Ac  ctil  tf 
groom  I"  This  dreary  edifice  was  built  in  iJk 
descent  of  the  Capitolitio  hill,  overhanging  the 
Forum,  and  nearly  in  the  centre  of  the  CapUli 
the  rude  remains  of  which  still  exist  Rtt(>t 
its  antiquity  and  durability.     It  is  soppoied  >■> 


TDK    KOHAN8    IX    BKITAIX. 


IM 


biTC  been  bnQt  bv  Aacos  Maniiis,  tbe  fbitrlh 

king  of  Rome,  and  vna  constracted  of  enor- 

motu  tiMsses  of  stone,  aiTT^ng  aboot  nine 

feet  in  len^h,  ftnd  three  in  thicknen,  kid  ooe 

upon  another  without  cement.     The  procipMl 

Bpartmcnta,  in  this  mmsioa  of  sorrow,  were 

Ktvo  cell*,  an  nppcr  bimI  a  lover  one;  tbe 

former  used  as   a  place  of  iroDfiiMMneot.  the 

Utter  oi  execution.  The  entrance  to  the  upper 

cell  was  by  a  bole  in  tbe  Taulted  roof,  through 

B  which  it  was  usual  to  thrust  the  prisoner :  and 

'  tinmc<! lately  nndrr  this  aperture  was  another 

opening  of  a   similar  charwrter  in  the   floor, 

which  was  corered  by  a  loose  pavement,  and 

afforded  access  to  the  lower  cell,  called   tlie 

_  TQllianum.     Hiis    chamber   of   death    com- 

f  municated   with   the   gcmoniK,    or   stain    of 

groans,  on  which  the  bodies  of  criroinaU,  when 

executed,  were  expoacd,  atid  from  whence  they 

were  dragged  by  hooka  into  tl»e   Furum,  and 

thence  to  the  fiber.  *     Such  was  the  place  t>» 

V  *  Tbrr*  U  a  rttj  ri>od  dovriftlo*  at  U>  Uimintttia  pii- 
nu,  ■■  wtll  M  Mbcr  mnartafata  sJIfc—  la  ttoM^i  la  th* 
Sl*nUf  Mtgmttmi.  No.  28.1,  Ac.  |  •■*•  in  Utdant  dt  Stwl'* 
CorioM,  oli'ch  I  Uke  Uib  oppartunli^  o(  itm^lj  ncoa* 
■Mdl4f  la  ia«  clMikal  •■■Aral,  —  rr^Ww  wllk  lBlcrc*ti>( 
fcwriptlo—  of  tkc  raia*  ud  bnurk^  t«ari«tliiM  at  lto«(k 

K   2 


STONBHSNGS  ;    OB, 


which  PudcQi  wfts  htirried,  and  brutallf  Uirast 
into,  through  the  apcnure  in  the  roof;  tmd 
there  be  l&y  for  some  time,  almost  stunned  bjr 
his  fall,  the  cciUng  being  fourteen  feet  b 
he^bt  from  the  pavement ! 

Bruised  and  hart  as  he  was^  boweTer, 
be  was  nut  insensililc ;  and  the  anguish  of 
his  mind  soon  obliterated  the  pains  of  fab 
body.  It  is  not  for  pen  to  descritvc  the 
bituniess  of  Uie  cup  which  he  was  now 
called  on  to  drain.  Tlie  transition  from 
tlic  bright  suRxliine  made  his  dungeon  at  fint 
^pcar  pcrfectlv  dark ;  but  as  his  eyes  gr»- 
dosUy  accommodated  themselves  to  the  gloom, 
the  darkness  seemed  to  diminish,  and  the 
horrors  proporti^nably  to  increase ;  while  the 
filth  of  the  floor,  the  humidity  of  the  walls, 
and  other  disgusting  objects,  rercaled  thetn- 
selrrs.  It  was  some  time  before  be  ventured 
to  explore  very  minutely  tbe  spacious,  disraal 
apartment ;  but  one  of  tbc  first  objecu  which 
he  beheld  was  an  imperfect  skeleton,  lying 
near  that  terrible  instrument  of  torture,  called 
the  equulcuB.  As  tlicse  ajipalling  objects  met 
his  glance,  an  involuntary  shudder  crept  over 
his  frame,  and  seemed  to  pus  through  his  very 


THE   BOILUn   EC    BSITAIN.  197 

hur,  u  iboDgfa  BoiDe  iKnsoine  reptile  ns 
crawling  oto-  him :  nor  could  be  seem  to  efbce 
tbem  from  his  nght,  altbongh  he  closed  his 
eyes,  uid  put  bis  bands  before  bis  fact, 
and  even  bent  bis  bead  tonrds  tbe  ground  to 
avoid  the  possilnlity  of  encoimtering  them. 
In  this  posture  be  remained  tor  a  consideiable 
time  ;  tiU,  as  be  expressed  it.  his  enardian 
angel  recalled  to  bis  memofy  the  ucred  story 
of  Daniel  in  the  den  of  lions,  of  which  St.  Peter 
had  latelr  told  bim. 

*-  Ab ;"  said  be  to  himself,  despondinglv,  "  I 
would  not  ask  that  the  lions*  months  might  be 
dosed,  were  lions  here  I" 

Tbe  recotlectioa  of  Daniel's  deUrerance, 
howerer,  somewhat  mitigated  his  sufferings; 
and  at  length  be  b^an  to  think  that  the  same 
Gcd  who  had  delirered  Daniel,  was  now  bis 
God,  and  to  Him,  therefore,  he  prayed  in  an 
l^ny  of  earnestness.  His  heart  felt  lightened 
by  this  exercise ;  and  for  a  moment  be  so  far 
recovered,  as  to  reproach  himself  with  want  of 
&ith,  and  to  endeavour  to  animate  bis  confi- 
dence and  coarse  by  reflecting  on  the  examples 
of  St.  Peter  and  his  companion,  who  had  sung 
hymns  in  the  prison  ;  but  the  effect  was  tran- 


STOKBHeNOB;   OB, 

sient ;  human  nature  nrould  not  be  controlled. 
St.  Peter's  situation  did  not  appear  to  liim,  u 
he  meditated  on  it,  linlf  so  trj'Jng  as  bis 
own, 

"St.  Peter,"  said  be,  "had  a  companion; 
and  St.  Peter  had  not  been  snatdied  from 
Claudia !" 

At  the  thought  of  Claudia,  he  smote  lits 
hands  together  in  silent  anguish  ;  and  despair 
almost  overcame  him.  It  seemed  to  him, 
indeed,  as  though — 

Tbc  cop  at  UIm 
II*d  <*er  iliiiiiaed  Un  wbcn  be  ihougfai  v>  Ht»  ;— 


and  that  now,  when  he  was  raising  it  to  his 
lip.t,  almost' overfluwing  with  happiness,  it  «■» 
dashed  forever  t'rom  his  hand  ) 

As  the  sun  nppruuched  its  eenitli,  it  afforded 
him  a  belter  opportunity  of  exploring  the 
dreary  confines  of  bis  cell,  which  was  indeed  to 
biiii  the  cave  of  dcitpoiidency !  The  cnormuys 
nianKes  of  stone,  which  formed  its  rude  and 
ill-constructed  wnlh,  rendered  tlie  Tery  thought 
of  escape  preposterous ;  but  as  the  lays  of  the 
sun  became  more  perpendicular,  they  streamed 
tlirougli  the  crevice  in  the  imperfectly  closed 


^ 


I 


THB   EOUAKI   IH   BRITAIN. 

aperture  in  the  roof,   Qpon  the  coiresporuling 
opening   in  tlic  Hoor  bclov.     Tliis  openJnf;  lir 

[  conjocturc<],  and  conjectured   rightly,  was  the 

I  eutTMioe  to  tlic  &DIOUK  cell  of  execution,  caIIcJ 
the  Tullinnum. 
"Thnt  hole,  theD,"   Mtd    be    to    himiielf. 

\  Bhudderiiigtjr,  "  ix  tlie  dungeon  in  which  Uui 
Koomplices  of  Catiline  were  stmnglcd  ]  There, 
then,  is  the  dreadful  oold-bath  of  King  Ju- 
gurtha,  into  which  he  was  cast  naked,  after 

;  having  been  stripped  of  his  purple  robca  i  and 
there,  he  was  starved  to  death  ! "  Tliia  is  u>  he 
the  place  of  exit  for  nie,  I  suppose : — this  is  to 
be  my  fate, — a  Ungering  death  !— a  dishonoured 

I  name !" 

The  latter  thought  seemed  almost  nuddtn* 
iiig;  and  tlic  angui&h  which  he  suffered  caiuwd 
lai^  drops  of  sweat  to  stand  on  hia  fara> 
bead! 

The  aperture  iu  the  floor  waa  closed  by  a 
heavy  pavement,  which  curiosity  pruinpted 
him  to  attempt  to  remove,  to  enable  liim  to 
take  A  survey  of  this  thrice  lionihic  cell.  Tliti 
labour  was  the  occupation— I  had  olmoat  said, 
the  amusement— of  many  hours.  The  stuna 
•PIsMnfciaVlttHwU. 


3100 


stonbhbnob;  or. 


WM  SO  niusiv«,  UiRt  lie  would  have  felt  inclined 
to  relinquish  liis  arduous  undertaking  long 
before  he  had  accomplished  it,  bat  hit 
curiosity  vras  stimulated  by  the  faint  sound  of 
a  liumaii  voice  from  the  cell  b«low.  ilaring 
succeeded,  at  last,  in  making  a  little  apertura, 
through  which  he  looked  down  aa  though  into 
a  dark  and  deep  well,  he  discovered  two  men 
writing,  by  a  faint  glimmcnDg  light  which 
hardly  found  aliment  in  the  sepulchral  atnM>- 
sphere  with  which  it  was  struggling.  The 
flickering  damc>  however,  threw  a  saffieicnt 
gleam  on  the  countenance  of  one  of  the  per- 
sons,  to  enable  l*udens  to  recognise  the  features 
of  the  Apoatle  I'aul ! 

Strange  to  say,  this  holy  martyr  was  at  that 
moment  employed  in  penning  liis  last  epistle 
to  his  friend  Timothy ;  and  amid  tlie  horrors 
of  tliat  noisome  dungeon,  was  writing  that 
triumphant  strain,  whidt  may  be  styled  the 
Martyr's  lo  I^nan  t 

*<  I  am  now  ready  to  be  offered,  and  the 
time  of  my  departure  is  nt  hand. 

"  I  have  fought  a  good  fight;  I  have  6nisheil 
my  course;  I  have  kept  the  bitlu 

'*  Henceforth,  Uiere  in  laid  up  for  me  a  crown 


TUB   ROMANS   IS    BBITAIN. 


201 


if  rightcouaness,  which  the  Lord,  the  righteous 

udgc,  shall  give  me  at  tlint  day  :  and  not  to 

only,  but  untu  all  them  also  that  love  his 

^dcns  could  not  sec  tlie  Apostle's  coun- 
iianoc  distinctly,  or  he  would  have  beheld  it 
glovring  with  angelic  rapture :  and  he  would 
bare  almost  thought  himBcir  compensated  for 
his  Bufferings,  could  be  have  dcciplicrcd  the 
dose  of  that  divine  epistle ;  for  there  his  own 
me,  and  that  of  Claudia  and  Linus,  ireie 
ited  in  immortal  fellowship! 
"  Eubulus  grcctelh  thee,"  writes  the  inspired 
:t,  to  bis  beloved  llmutliy,  "and  Puokks, 
aw/  LixuH,  and  Claudia,  and  all  the 
Arelhren."  f 
Tlie  other  person  whom  !*udena  with  diffi- 
Ity  dcscric<l,  was  St.  Peter,  who  was  also 
tting  a  lust  hand  to  his  cUvine  labours, 
udcns  judged,  by  the  cxtniordinary  rapidity 
ilh  which  their  hands  glided  over  llie  parch- 
ent,  that  their  niomeiUs  were  numbered, 
and  therefore  felt  some  heAitittioii  in  disturbing 
tliem ;  but  seeing  St.  I'aul  raise  his  head  from 
his  scroll,  as  tlioiigh  he  had  finished,   he  was 


■  n.  TiiD.,  c.  1*.,  f.  t,  ct  »cq.      t  IL  Tim.,  c.  nr.,  r.  21. 


202 


STONBHSNOa ;   OB> 


jast  about  to  address  him,  when  hta  ovn  hand 
wBs  rudely  snatched  away  from  the  stone  which 
closed  the  communication  between  the  two 
cells! 


BKITAlN. 


i03 


CHAPTER  XX. 

Hut  lliou  110  ottmboon  b>  cntrit 
No  olher  uplin  frltod  to  larr  * 

THK  UDT  »  1HI  MKI 


WiHiiiNti  to  preserve  the  narrative  unintcr- 
rupted,  as  far  as  cuncerns  the  fate  of  Pudens, 
some  fen-  circunistaiioes  have  b«en  omitted, 
which  it  urill  bo  iiecesaary  to  relate  before  1 
proceed  furtlier.  S«neva,  aa  has  been  stated, 
had  writleii  expressly  to  Britain,  urginj;  theim* 
portance  of  Claudia's  beiiig  nent  home,  and 
describing,  as  explicitly  as  prudence  would 
allow,  tlie  perils  to  wUidi  she  was  exposed  from 
LU>«    licontiouaness    of   the    Emperor's  court, 

gainst  which  his  own  influence  had  afforded 

cr  but  little  protection. 
Arviragus  felt,  as  might  be  supposed,  ex- 

emely  akrmed  for  the  safety  of  his  dBui;btcT> 
ind  not  a  little  perplexed  how  to  rescue  her 


204  htonehbkcb;  or> 


from  lier  critical  situation.  It  hapiwtieil,  hov- 
ever,  that  the  Arch  Druid  liad  just  rctumcd 
to  court,  ftftcr  haTing  provided  a  retreat  for  liii 
persecuted  religion  itiiiong  tlic  mountains  of 
Wales.  His  sagacity  had  been  a  resource  tu 
Arviragus  in  all  the  exigencies  of  the  state  t 
and  it  was,  therefore,  no  small  consolation  to 
bim  to  be  able  to  consult  it  on  the  present 
occasion. 

The  Arch  Druid,  seeing  the  extreme  circum- 
spection required  in  the  conduct  of  this  enter- 
prize,  And  being  moreover  moved  by  affection, 
and  perhaps  curiosity  to  six  hia  son  amid  the 
wonders  of  Rome,  yielded  to  the  solidtHtioos 
of  the  King,  and  undertook  the  arduous  ta^ 
himself  of  restoring  Claudia  to  her  anxioiu 
parent.  He  accordingly  proceeded  privately  to 
Gaul,  where  he  hired  a  vessel,  and  embarked 
for  Koine  ;  where  he  arrived  a  few  days  before 
Pudens's  trial. 

The  recent  execution  of  Lucan  and  Seneca, 
which  deprived  Claudia  of  the  counsels  and 
aasiittance  of  her  best  frienda^the  cruel  per- 
secution of  tlie  Christians— the  profligacy  of 
Nero's  court,  and  the  political  commotion 
irhtcli  now  threatened,  and  soon  after  subverted 


TIIK    UOMANS   IN    BRITAIN. 

^tlie  goTeniiiiei)t — all  coinbiDed  to   render  her 
imiiiodiate  return  a  matter  of  absolute  necessity. 
■  A  Gallic  niercliant  restiel  was  about  to  set  soil 
in  the  oouiM  of  s  few  days;  and  PuJens,  there- 
fore, conjured,  and  after  considerable  resist- 
ance, prevailed  ujion,  the  Arch  Uruid  and  his 
^pfiiir  pruti%^  to  avul  tbemselves  of  tliis  oppor> 
tiinity,  and  secure  tlu^ir  passage,  without  any 
reference  tu  bis  own  trial.     If  acquitted,  lie 
told  them,  he  could  noon  follow ;  if  otberwise, 
their  presence  would  be  of  no  avail  to  liim,  and 
would  only  put  in  hazard  a  life  which  niigbt  l>e 
of  the  greatest  value  to  her  country.     All  the 
Br];umonts  of  religion  were  put  into  requisition 
Bto  induce  Claudia  to  assent  to  this  arrange* 
Btnent ;  and  it  WBs  even  deemed  necessary  to 
Btettort  the  most  sacred  prumiscs  in  order  to 

secure  iti  fuUilroent. 
H  Ever)-  preparation  was  accordingly  made  for 
^^ihcir  de[>nrturc,  which,  as  it  happened,  was 
appointed  to  t^ke  place  on  the  second  day 
after  the  fatAl  trial  :  and  Claudia  awaited  the 
i»8ue  with  agonizing  anxiety.  Her  apprchen- 
stons  had  been  painfully  excited  by  tlie  late  of 
the  Apostles  ;  but  with  all  her  apprelicnsions, 
she  was  but  ill  prepared  to  hear  tlieir  realiu- 


206 


STONBKENOK  ;    OR, 


lion  :  and  the  blow  fell  with  almost  as  over> 
whelming  an  effect  as  if  it  had  been  wholly 
unexpected. 

It  was  no  time,  however,  to  yield  to  grie^ 
thouffh  such  as  no  language  can  pourtniy ;  aa 
soon,  therefore,  as  she  had  recovered  from  the 
stai^gcring  effect  of  tlic  first  shock,  she  con- 
cciitralcd  all  her  fctJings  in  one  energetic  pur- 
pose. Then  might  this  lovely  girl  hare  hem 
seen,  though  herself  distracted,  and  half  de- 
spairing, kindly  su|>porting  and  conioUng  the 
Arch  Druid,  as  though  her  own  mind  had  been 
almost  at  ease  on  the  subject.  Nor  was  this 
all,  but  when  his  inventive  genius,  which  had 
always  l>c«n  so  full  of  ri'sources,  seemed 
paralyacd,  she  projected  u  scheme  by  whidi 
she  hoped  to  procure  the  mitigation  of  Pudens'a 
punishment,  and  even  undertook  to  carry  U 
into  execution.  This  was  nothing  less  than 
to  apply  personally  to  Suetonius,  her  late 
caplor,  but  now  tlie  consul  of  llome,  to  use 
his  influence,  which  was  known  to  be  great, 
to  induce  ilie  Kmperor  to  remind  the  sentence 
which  hiul  gone  forth  against  her  lover. 

To  effect  this  purpose,  llterefure,  Claudia — 
the  timorous,  delicate,  Claudia— set  out  with  a 


1 


TBS    ROMANS    IM     BRITAIN. 

fcinalc  attcndoDt,  to  the  p*la«i  of  the 
ooDSul.    That  she  was  unappalled  by  the  Uctors 
with  their  fasocs,  and  the  armed  attendants  of 
the  court,  is  no  mure  than  might  bare  been 
expected  from  a  free-born   British  ladjr;   but 
ilie  had  a  severer  trial  in  the  insolence  of  the 
idle  crowd  of  domestics,  and  t)ie  impertinent 
curiosity  of  the  visitors  who  still  loitered  aboat 
the  fttriunj ;    these,   however,   she  awed  into 
Ktpect  by  the  dignity  of  lier  manner,  which 
displayed  all  the  majesty  of  grief.    Neverthe- 
lean,  wlien  she  found  henelf  before  the  consul, 
Knd  when  the  roout  was  cleared,  and  his  courtly 
demeanour  reminded  her  of  the  licentious  man- 
ners of  the  day,  and  her  onii  situation,  as  the 
^-fenuJe    intercessor     fur    a    handsome    young 
^Moldier,    flashed  across   her   mind,  she   coulil 
^Becercely  support  her  stops. 

Suetonius,  beholding  the  Mushing  beeuty  of 
his  lovely  visitor,  whom  lie  did  not  at  first  re- 
cognise, addressed  her  in  m  tone  of  gallantrj*, 
bwhich  he  expected  would  have  been  repaid 
|i'Vith  a  smile,  and  which  he  deaif;ned  as  tiie 
'prdnde  of  a  flippant  conrcrsatiun. 

Claudia,  however,  felt  too  much  anxiety  to 
I' simulate  a  smile;  and,  therefore,  with  a  look 


SrONBHRN-nR;  OR, 


of  imploring  digiiit^Ti  she  introduced  herscU'  u 
his  late  captive ;  and  tremblingly  «nd  blosb- 
ingir,  tuld  the  tale  of  tier  love,  of  her  persecu- 
tioii,  and  of  her  present  distress.  She  then 
appealed  to  his  genero»ty,  with  an  eloquence 
which  impassioned  and  earnest  feeling  alone 
could  inspire,  and  which  was  not  unaided  bj 
the  tears  which  chased  each  other  down  her 
burning  cheeka. 

Suetonius  was  a  man,  and  was,  therefore, 
not  unmoved ;  but  he  was  an  officer,  and  an 
officer  distinguished  for  the  severity  of  his 
military  and  official  character.  The  very  cjr> 
cuniat«nG«  of  a  person  being  condemned,  was, 
with  him,  strong  presumptive  evidence  of  his 
guilt,  notwitii standing  the  iniquity  of  the  times. 
Again,  he  considered  that  the  sentence  of  the 
law  was  too  sacred  tubcrc[Kalcd,  even  soppoa- 
ing  it  to  be  bar»li,  or  even  unju»t.  .\nd  lastly, 
he  thought  tliat  liad  Fudens  Ikcu  guilty  of  any 
one  of  the  charges,  in  ever  so  slight  m  degne, 
he  bad  riolnted  those  rules  of  discipline  which, 
in  military  life,  were  indispensable. 

His  supplicant's  eloquence  was,  tliereforc, 
quite  bootless,  until  be  was  satisfied  tliat  the 
charges  against  Pudcns,  although  so  difBcult 


TUB   BOUANS   IX    BBITAI.N. 


S09 


rebut,  were  wholly  unfounded  ;  but  eren 
then,  his  original  prejudices  rctunied.    To  um: 

^btis  own  expression  of  iiin  feclingx  towards 
CbudiJi.  lie  compitstiionHted  tlie  poor  voung 
ttiing,  pnrticularly  m  she  was  n  stranger,  Rnd 
so   beautiful ;    by   Jove,    it    was  a  pity   thiit 

■the  should  not  tmvc  a  Roman  huitbnnd,  fur  she 
seemed    to  deserve  one.  Tlien  he  thought  that 

^Pudens  would  nmke  her  a  very  good  one,  for 

^he  was  a  6ne  young  soldier,  and  had  fought 
like  a  lion  by  the  side  of  liiii  general :  but  wliat 

» could  be  done?  He  could  not  be  supposed  to 
be  moved  by  the  tears  of  a  love>sick  girl ;  and 
the  matter  did  not  seem  to  ootne  before  him 
ogScially.  AikI  then,  again,  he  hated  the 
Christians,  and  did  not  wish  to  embroil  hiro- 
^-lelf  with  any  of  the  courtiers,  on  their  ac- 
■coantl 

H     He  revolved  all  these  things  in  his  mind,  and 

BendediTOured  to  pacify  the  fair  intercessor  with 

V  kn  answer  couched  in  as  kind  language  as  he 

eould  And,  to  the  effect  that  the  matter  was  out 

tff  hit  jvruitiction,  and  that  be  would  recoro- 

*mend  her  to  apply  to  the  "proper  authorilifn." 
Claudia,  however,  was   not  to   be   satisfied 
with  such  a  reply  as  Uiia.     She  renewed  her 


310 


stonrbenoe;  ok, 


Boit  irith  increased  impartanity — she  repre- 
sented her  own  situation,  wid  adrerted  to  the 
conHd'infi^  manner,  in  which  sbc  hsd  thrown 
tiereelf  upon  his  honoar  iritfa  such  pathos, 
and,  indeed,  pleaded  so  passiunatcly  and  so 
eloquently,  that,  eventiulty,  she  prevailed  upon 
Suetonius  to  undertake  her  eause,  altliotigh,  be 
assured  her,  he  had  no  linpe  of  xoccem. 

In  fulfilment  of  his  promise,  therefore,  the 
eonnul  hastened  to  the  palace,  and  was  admitted 
to  an  audience  with  the  Kraperur,  at  which 
'ngellinus  only  was  present.  His  presence, 
however,  seemed  so  fatal  to  the  undertaking, 
and,  at  the  same  time,  it  would  hare  appeared 
so  invidious  or  suspidoua  to  express  a  wish 
that  he  should  withdraw,  that,  but  for  a  single- 
eyed,  soldiei^litce  sease  at  duty,  Suetonius 
would  bare  abandoned  his  enterprixe  alto- 
gether. He  did,  indeed,  venture  to  introduce 
the  subject,  but  was  so  discouraged  and  em- 
barrassed,  tliat  lie  confined  himself  merely  to  a 
statement  of  the  meritoiious  conduct  of  Pudens 
as  a  soldier  in  Britain,  and  his  ailiaace  tn 
Claudia,  the  daughter  of  the  British  chief. 
Nero  listened  with  impatience ;  for  he  was  ex- 
asjierated   a^nst   the   Christians,  and   deter* 


TtlR   BOMAMS   IX    BBITAIN. 


211 


^Btned  to  reveoxf ,  on  tbe  6r«t  nebm,  Uw  bo- 
BtBilialiiij;  disoomnturc  which  be  bwl  mfleicd 
fraoB  Sb  Peter.  As  sooo,  tticnfiirc,  u  Saecv 
nias  had  concluded,  be  replied.  "  Tint  onlea 
it  ooukl  be  Bhown  that  Padcos  did  wA.  bdgog 
to  that  odious  uwi  execnhlc  sect,  be  did  oat 
fed  at  all  indined  to  reUx,  Kt  all  events, 
farther  than  to  allow  biai  to  die  by  stnt^oU- 
tion  instead  of  being  hunted  to  dcsth  by  wild 
beastSf  as  he  bad  intended. 

I  Suetonius  wai  obii|ed  to  be  contented  with 
fliie  display  of  clemency,  for  which  he  ihonked 
the  Etnpcror,  and  was  al>uut  to  retire,  wlicii, 
stnnge  to  aay,  there  appeared  another  adrocate 
for  our  liero,  and,  stranger  atill — that  adrocate 
was — ^Tigelliiitut !  Tbe  tltoogbt  Aaslicd  acrxns 
his  depraved  mind,  that  were  Pudcns'a  liib 
•pared,  he  might  learn  from  bJm  the  place  of 
Claudia's  residence,  and  even,  perhaps,  indoce 
him  to  betray  her  as  the  pric«  of  bis  liberty ! 
lie,  therefore,  JMoed  wiili  Suetonius  in  inter- 
ceding for  a  commutation  of  punishmciiL  The 
Emperor  •eemcd  aomcwbat  displeased,  even 
with  his  favourite  for  intcrferini;,  but,  at  length, 
consented,  tliti ugh  with  evident  rtluctancc,  that 
the  senlcnoe  should  he  changed  from  death  to 
I  perpetual  banishmenL 


213  noxEBB^Gs;  ob. 

Providence,  vfaich  onlen  all  things  «%iit  for 
tikOM  wbo  confide  id  it,  bad  (o  disposed  nutten, 
that  a  tzaniport  reaati  wu  lying  in  the  bvboar, 
dMtined  to  convey  two  or  time  other  stxte  csp- 
tivps  (o  one  of  the  .£gean  Ides,  whidi  wmt  to 
proceed  on  its  courte  that  very  evening.  Sueto- 
nios,  feariiil  lest  the  Etoperor  might  revert  to 
his  former  sentence,  the  present  alleviation  at 
it  bavii^  been  extorted  from  him  so  tnvolns- 
tarilf,  Icindlj-  determttted  that  Pudcns  abooM 
be  embarked  upon  thb  reaael,  without  fruther 
delav;  and,  therefore,  MajmtiitmA  oqc  of  hi> 
lictors  «itb  the  proper  credentials,  who  di^sed 
tfae  ptisoDCr  off  just  as  be  vas  about  to  fweal 
binudf  to  his  two  snnted  fdknr  sufTrrers. 

It  so  happened  that  along-nde  this  tTuisport 
was  lying  the  vessel  wluch  was  to  cury 
CUadia's  party,  who  had  aheady  cmharlEed; 
the  Arch  Drwd  having  wisdy  hurried  bis  pro- 
|i^£e  on  board  immediately  -on  her  return,  lest 
aome  of  her  licentious  admirers  might  have 
seen  her,  and  tracked  her  to  her  reaidence.  This 
prudent  old  tnaa  bad  also  instmcted  a  tnuty 
■wasenger  to  attend  at  tfae  eotraiMx  to  the 
palace,  to  learn  from  Suetomoa,  the  Emperor's 
datenBiioataon,  and  to  report  it  to  them  in- 
alaatly:     from  this    meaaengef,   they    learnt 


I 


TUB    BQMANS    IN    BRITAIN.  113 

thst  Pudcns'N  doom  Iind  been  dianged  to  per- 
petual banisliment,  and  Ihut  the  aeiitcnct:  wua 
to  be  put  into  execution  forlliwitb. 

Tlic  ovcningwiis  nnw  advniicing;  a  fair  witwl 

bad  sprung  up,  and  the  tide  which  wa.i  tu  bmr 

them  off  wu  fast  rising.     Claudia  had,   with 

teariul  eyes  and  acliing  heart,  taken  a  fnrowell 

of  the  imperinl  citr,  with  which  her  fate  had 

been  connected  by  so  many  thriUing  assucia- 

tiotu.  and  was  sitting,  muHlcd  up  on  deck,  tu 

catch  a   Inat  glimpse  of   I^udons,   whom   the 

thought  ahe  might  never  again  Iwhold.     U'avc 

after  wave  rolled  in,  meting  out  Uie  precious 

moments,  but  stjll  the  object  of  her  hopes  and 

fear*  did  not  arrive  t  and  the  tide  beginning  to 

rrcede,  and  no  more  [wsvengers  being  exprctnl, 

tlte  mariners  of  the  transport  sJiip  proceeded 

tu  wci)th  anchor.     As  the  measured  sound  of 

the  seamen's  voices  fcU  in  muaical  nadenoe.  like 

a  dii^  upon  tier  ear,  her  aool  seemed  lo  dtc 

within  her ;  and  to  prevent  ber  fainting,  her  at* 

tendants  carried  hn*,  pale  and  paasire,  bdow 

deck.     'Itie  bnstlc  and  creaking  of  the  windlaaa 

in  her  own  vc&ncI,  soon  anoounoed  that  the 

tame  operation  was  commencing  tben;  and 

slie  now  swooned  outright.     Wbde  ta  tbia  id* 


814 


STONeHRNOB ;   OR, 


sensible  statc^  and  just  as  the  mariners  of  the 
Arch  Druid's  vessel  were  hauling  on  ^Kiard  the 
pUnk,  Pudcns  pnrty  arrived:  nnd  mistaking  th<^ 
slii[>i  and  tliinking  tlint  the  Arch  DniicI,  whom 
ther  saw  on  board,  was  the  captain,  they  lotd 
him  that  they  had  bruught  another  exile  fur  the 
Isle  of  Patmov,  and  delivered  sp  their  priwnef 
to  him. 

The  opportunity  of  a  good  stratagem  imme- 
diately presented  itself  to  the  ready  mind  of 
the  Arch  Druid  :  telling  the  officers,  therefore, 
that  all  was  qmtc  right,  he  hurried  Pudcns  be- 
low deck,  ant!  ordered  the  sailors  to  crowd  sail 
and  make  off  as  expeditiously  aa  possible. 
All  tliia  vas  done  with  such  haste  that  our  hero 
n-as  quite  unconHcioua  of  his  situation,  and 
little  dreamt  that  he  was  a  fellow  passenger 
with  Clauilin,  and  hound  for  Britain  ! 

Events  had  succeeded  each  ottier  with  such 
rapidity,  that  he  fell  hulf  stupifieil ;  and  nxhr  ts 
he  was  capable  of  forming  an  opinion  as  to  his 
present  deKtination  from  n-lvat  he  had  learnt 
from  the  lictor  who  had  draped  him  bo  hastily 
from  prison,  he  doubted  not  but  that  he  was 
Mxm  to  encounter  the  waves  of  the  vfigcao ! 
The  Arch  Druid,  however,  soon  found  an  op- 


I 


TUB    nOUASS    iN     BRITAIN*. 

nity  of  ex[daining  to  bim  his  real  HitUAtion, 
umI,  uf  course,  inculcated  the  necesiity  of  mkin- 
t«iiiing  tlie  most  perfect  secrecy  until  tJte  ter- 
mination of  htH  voyage. 

We  will  not  attempt  to  describe  the  rupture 
ouB  feelings  of  joy,  and  gratitude  to  hearen, 
whicli  ovcrdonet)  the  Iicitrt*  of  tl>e Imppy  Lorera 
on  their  mutual  recognition  as  fcllour  pasaengen : 
MiHice  it  to  say,  tiiat  they  unoountered  no  more 
perils  until  tticy  reached  the  toitged-for  liaven. 


316 


CHAPTER   XXI. 

O  IbfM  tiiDM  fiuiotu  lile,  whtre  i*  ikal  plan  llut  migte 
Br  with  thf  Mlf«  Mmpaml  far  glorie  aoii  delight, 
WhilM  GlMlnnliury  >Ioad>  •  •  . 

Fof  rtT'rrncr  It  that  icit  wlilcli  liilh  u«rilN«l  bren* 
TrtMfCt  in  winter  blaontc  snil  Wan  tlipir  mmmen 
DHAtTON**  Ni,«ataHH<. 


Tne  wary  Arch  Druid  wnuld  not  aUow  Pn- 
(tcns  to  accompany  biiu  to  court,  test  it  might 
lead  to  his  diicovcrr,  or  possibly  iii\'olv«  Ar- 
\inigu3  in  a  dispute  witi)  the  Rt>n)aiis  on  Ac- 
count of  his  harbouring  a  person  convicted  of 
tieason.  Thither,  however,  be  conducted 
Claudia  itttid  there  ne  must  leave  thetn,  for  the 
present,  mid  return  to  our  hero,  who  it  vna  re- 
solved should   retire  to    the  Isle  of  Avalon* 


■  Now  GlaMiwbarr  ;  anil  It  no  kingar  an  lalaada  M  it  vat 
wbrn  it  aSordril  m  tMjlnm  to  Pndcoa.  or  in  tlttf  daj*  W  ik« 
St*M  Mini.    lu  Britiab  Maw  wu  •  VnU  ITakrU.- 


THE   KOUAN9   IN   saiTAtX. 


until  the  Arch  Dniid  bad  prepared  the  King 
for  his  reception. 

As  Padens  ww  seeking  some  place  of  sliel- 
ter.  In  tliii  little  frequented  isJaiid,  lie  iinj^jiened 
to  sec  an  a^d  |iilgnni,  wliuse  lung  Honing 
betrd  ^tvc  him  a  singularly  venerable  apimr- 
■Dce,  toiling  up  a  hill,  Hupporting  his  weary 
tad  tottering  Htept  with  a  MnfT.  The  old  man 
banng  gained  a  little  elevaliun  pnuscd  to  rc- 
eOTor  breath,  and  Uirusting  his  staff  into  the 
ground,  leaned  upon  it,  to  rest  himself;  when 
apparently  some  object  stnidt  his  sight,  which 
wounded  his  feelings;  for  he  raised  tiis  hands 
in  m  desponding  kind  of  manner,  an<l  uttered 
ihc  words,  "  I  aoi  weary  I  I  am  weary  I"  On 
drawing  ncjurer,  Ihidens  perceived  that  he  was 
of  tho  Jewish  nation ;  and  concludinj;  him  to  be 
MIC  of  thoM  who  iuid  lately  been  baiiishod 
from  liume,  he  addressed  him  in  a  toothing 
tone,  telling  him  that  he  presumed  tliat  tbcj- 
were  brollicr  exiks.  Having  by  his  kindness 
and  gentlen<.-ss  removed  the  alarm  which  bU 
sudden  appearance  bad  at  Snt  excited,  he  con- 
tinued the  cunvcnatioit  until  at  IcngtJt  lie  had 
sit  far  infTBtuted  himself  witli  tlic  [ulgrim  as  to 
venture  to  ask  him,  what  bad  caused  the  rao- 
tion  of  dejection  which  h«  had  witnessed? 

VOI»    lit.  L 


sm 


srONRIIENOB;   OR, 


Tlie  fttrangoT,  after  a  mDmcBtary  hentation, 
reptied,  that  it  had  been  called  fortli  by  a  ctr- 
cuni^ance  which  probably  would  not  interest 
liim ;  for  it  was  merely  on  account  of  hnv-ing 
seen  a  man  bow  down  beforo  the  branehleu 
trunk  of  an  old  oalc. 

"And  did  this  circumstance  affect  you  m 
painfully"'"  asked  Pudcns,  somewhat  aurprised: 
"  that  uak  nas  tlic  man's  God ;  and  w)mkd 
would  you  have  him  worship  r" 

"  I  would  hawc  him  worship,*'  replied  the 
!itrBnger,aB  his CH>untennnce assumed  amorem- 
solute  and  animated  expression, — 1  would  hmtt 
him  worship,  a  God,  tnayhap  unknown  to  you, 
but  whom  I  will  not  shrink  from  declaring  to 
you,  be  the  consequences  what  they  may.  I 
would  have  him  worship  the  God  ofUw 
and  Eftrth !" 

The  old  man  looked  stesdi&stly  at  hia  young 
companion,  with  a  composure  which  seemed  lo 
hare  been  prepared  to  receive  a  bunt  of  coii- 
temjtt  at  ttic  least,  if  not  a  more  violent  ex- 
pression of  contumely ;  hut  Pudena,  to  faia  u- 
tonishmcnt,  briefly  and  mildly  replied : 

**  And  so  would  I :  for  know,  venerable  pil- 
grim, that  your  God  is  my  Godl" 

fears  of  joy  started  from  the  old  man's  eyes, 


« 


Til   ROUANi    IN   BRITAIN. 


219 


bcinif  informed  that  his  fellow  exile  too  was 
a  Cliristian ;  and  he  dasped  his  aged  hands  to- 
gether, and  looked  ap  to  hearen  as  though  in 
gratitude ;  and  then,  forgetting  his  staff  and  the 
infirmities  of  age,  he  erohroced  Pudens  with 
paternal  affection,  and  leaning  on  his  arm  they 
descended  the  hill  together. 

Our  hero,  as  may  he  supposed,  felt  no  ordi- 
nary degree  of  cariosity  as  to  the  history  of  his 
venerahle  companion  :  as  soon,  therefore,  as  an 
srtunity  occurred,  he  inquired  of  him  **n'ho 
I  was  that  had  thus  lefl  the  land  of  his  fathers, 
an  age  when  he  could   hardly  hope  agiun  to 
return  thither  thus  to  sojourn  with  a  strange 
peojile,  who  could  nerer  have  heard  of  his  na- 
^tion,  nor  even  of  his  God  V 
H     "  It  is   for   that    reason    that   I   am    come 
hither;'*  said  the  stranger. 

»Hc  then  related  that  he  was  Joseph  of 
Amiruthoa  1  that  he  had  determined  to  hiive  a 
nation  which  had  crucified  the  Lord  of  Gtor}- ; 
and  tlint  hurin«,  when  in  (Jaul,  heard  of  llie 
.death  of  Ari»t«hulu«,  who  had  b«en  sent  hy 
St.  Paul  on  a  mission  to  Britain — at  the  rc- 
[  quest  of  Claudia,  as  my  readers  will  remember, 
I  —he  had  agreed  witli  Sl  Simon  to  fill  up  his 
:  place ! 

1.2 


no 


STONRHKS'GB;   OB, 


»ur-    1 


Pudens  could  not  help  expressing  liis 
prise  tiiat  he  kIiouIiI  niaiiifext  such  ardour  tnd 
perseverance  at  his  advanced  age :  but  vhen, 
after  liatoning  to  the  narmtire  of  his  persecu- 
tions and  trials,  he  compassionated  the  pil- 
grim's suficritif^s,  the  old  man  smiled,  and  vitb 
glistening  eyes  told  him,  *  Utat  if  he  had  heard 
that  groan  which  had  reached  his  own  ears 
from  Cali'ary,  and  which  had  riven  the 
«anh  to  her  verj-  centre,  he  would  deapise  all 
Buffmni; !'  lie  then  gave  a  mo5t  \nvid  and  af- 
tccting  account  of  the  crudfixion  which  he 
described  as  a  sjiedacle  from  which  tlte  son 
had  shrunk  aghast ;  nn<l  which,  it  was  evident, 
was  the  well  spring  of  all  liis  own  thoughts. 

It  never,  indeed,  seemed  absent  from  hb 
tnind ;  and  ytX  he  never  related  it  without 
tears. 

l/you  had  tccnc  bii  dulb.  uitli  lir, 

Ai  iiiftt  mine  tjn  hivi-  donr, 
Ten  ilioiiMml  lh»ii»iiii<l  linten  voald  jrr 

Hit  IfirnirnU  lliioJi  upon; 
And  BUtTct  for  hii  lakc  all  paJne 

Of  tarnicnu,  ■»<!  all  Hon.— 
Tbctt  are  bii  wotdi  aad  ck«  lui  life 

Where'er  be  ooric*  or  gata. 

rtiirr'«  kblhhim. 

Pudens  remained  a  few  day*  with  this  ra- 


I 


I 


TUB   ROUAMS   IN    DltlTAtX. 


231 


tnarkable  otd  man,  and  rendered  him  very  im- 
portant nssistancti  in  the  sacred  cause  which 
be  liad  espoused ;  far  among  other  useful  suj;- 
gestions,  he  adrised  that  the  age-stricken  mis- 
sionnr}*  should  associate  native  converts,  to  aid 
bim  while  living,  and  supply  his  place  when  he 
ahould  be  gathered  to  his  fikthera.  What  bene- 
ficial consequences  resulted  from  the  adoption 
of  this  advice  may  be  estimated  from  titc  cir- 
cumstance of  posterity  having  canonized  two 
of  bis  feilovr  labourers,  under  tlic  appellations 
■of  St,  Duvlan  and  St.  Fagan  ! 

Indeed,  not  only  tlicir  venerable  names,  bat 
of  all  to  whom  this  [aland  ovrc«  the  irre- 
quitable  boon  of  Christianity  bare  )>ecn  so  well 
commemorated  by  the  poet,  that  we  shall  make 
no  apology  for  introducing  tlic  quaint  but  intc- 
isting  record. — 


of  biK 
^ofSt. 


Ken 
■By  I 


n*  Aitt  tiuA  trtr  told  Clirlit  «niclA«d  le  ii«, 
(Bjr  I'aul  and  i^rtn  MhI)  •ru  Arltlnbulu*, 
Renawti'd In  bolj  vrll,  ■  Libourvr  in  Ibc  woril, 

lh*l  nMiicriuIri  Truth,  opptninK  An  and  iwrd ; 
By  til'  BriUui*  niurtliercJ  here,  lo  oabdioriaf  then : 
Nnl  Wily  JoMplt  «i»n«,  ibt  nurciri>r*l  of  inra, 
Tlw  aavioiir  o(  maakiinl  in  (cpulclit*  tliat  lajil, 
TkM  IQ  tbc  Britan*  waa  Ili'Apoall*  [  in  bia  ajrd 
Sunt  Dii(i>n,  and  vlth  blm  Salal  Pagui,  holh  i*hkb  wvn 
Itw  wollirt,  likc*i*e  ttfl  ttwlr  MCT«d  RtHqiiM  lMr« : 


■2-22 


STOXEUKNOE  :    OB, 


All  DeniMDfOfoun,  t'adntacc  ihe  Cliritiks  lUK, 
At  GlDitonbury  long  Umt  -met  ciiniiiifiuoriU'. 

nR«1  TVN*«  r«Lt'OLBW<<, 

Although  PudenB  was  much  occupied,  iiow- 
«Tcr,  in  carrying  into  effea  the  Itoly  purposes 
of  the  venerable  counsellor  ;  yet  bia  situation 
WAS  one  of  the  most  painful  suapcnsc.  Ilis 
cspcricnee  of  ibc  world,  made  bim  but  too 
sensible  of  the  diSTercnoi  between  a  ilomati 
officer,  cstcefflcd  at  court,  and  a  Roman  exik, 
accidentally,  or  rather  providentially  rescued 
from  capital  punishment:  a  dilTcrence  which 
it  was  not  likely  tliat  a  sagacious  and  ambi- 
tious prince  like  Arviragus  would  overlook. 
The  alteration  of  his  circumstances  would,  he 
knew,  justify  the  alteration  of  An-iragus's 
plana,  which  were  of  course,  conditional :  for 
it  was  not  to  be  supposed  that,  with  all  his 
paternal  tenderness,  he  would  consent  to  an 
alliance  which  might  luvolre  himself  aod 
aubjects  in  an  unequal  war  with  the  Romans ; 
when  a  different  choice  would,  perhnjw,  greatly 
extend,  or  fortify  his  dominions.  These  re- 
flections preyed  much  upon  Pudens's  spirits ; 
and  he  awaited  tidings  of  his  future  destiny  from 
Claudia,  with  the  must  anxious  suliatude. 


THS    KOMANS    IN     BRITAIN. 


22i 


Ilia  sua^wnse,  although  jHunful,  was  not 
Iprotracted  ;  for  a  messenger  hooh  arrived  with 
dispatchr  which  convinced  him  that  he  had 
wroni;cd  the  taagnanimous  Arviragus.  That 
generous  prince  no  sooner  recognised  hi* 
daoghtcr,  than  be  wept  over  her  with  delight, 
and  K«emi.-d  positively  intoxicated  with  plca- 

IBurc,  as  he  scanned  hor  improved  appearance. 
"  It  is  not  my  daughter,  it  is  Adraste ;'" 
said  he. 
K  **  Nay,  my  father ;  it  is  your  own  Rosy,*' 
■aid  Claudia ;  aa  she  fell  on  her  fatlier'a  neck. 
Bot  Mich  scenea  as  these  are  not  to  be  dwelt 
BiHi;  tliey  are  too  sacred  and  delicate,  to  be 
exposed  to  public  gaze : — 

Ob  if  tbcrc  be  &  buiiwn  (ear 

Pr>«  putton'i  dm**  rcAntd  inil  dear; 

A  KM  M>  UmpM  and  m  inetk. 

It  woBld  oot  Uaia  an  «M|C«i1'»  tbtab  i 

Tla  lucb  u  piMit  fklhar*  tbnl 

Upon  «  d>u|l>lft'a  dalmua  beai  t 

team. 

Among  the  innumerable  questions  which 
Arriragus  asked  his  long  lost  daughter,  one  of 
tlie   fir.it  waa  as  to  the  welfare  of  loudens  and 

•  Tbc  BriUab  Vtom. 


334  KTONBIIKNOE  1   OR, 

why  he  had  not  accompanieil  her.  The  rvason 
was  sooD  told;  the  rcrerse  vhich  had  taken 
place  in  his  circumstances,  and  their  apprehen- 
sions lest  his  »ppcarancc  at  court  might  be 
construed  into  a  hostile  {votection  of  the 
enemies  of  Rome. 

The  King  looked  thoughtful  for  a  moment, 
and  then,  addressing  his  dnugliter,  said, 

"  And  dust  thou  love  that  youtli  still,  my 
Rosy  ?'■ 

Claudia  replied,  thai  xhe  thought  that  she 
ought  to  love  him ;  for  tliat  ho  had  preserved 
her  life  and  honour,  at  the  risk  of  his  own. 

Arvirngus  replied,  "  And  canst  tliou  think, 
my  daughter,  that  1  can  hear  of  these  things,— 
nay,  dost  thou  think  that  I  can  look  at  tl>ce, 
and  sec  in  thee  alt  that  can  gUdden  a  fether** 
hc&rt,  or  tliat  can  console  him  for  all  his 
troubles;  and  he  indifferent  about  him  who 
liatit  half  made  tlicc  what  thou  ort^  Dost 
thou  think  that  I  can  sit  down,  and  coolly 
calculate  whether  the  Romans  will  be  pleased 
or  displeased  at  my  receiving  a  son  ;^-ay,  and 
more  than  a  son,  under  my  roof?  N'ay,  thou 
wrongest  me ; — perish  the  Romans,  and  perish 
myself  too ;  but  1    will  provide   a  home  for 


I 
I 


TMS  maatajm  is  amrr  act.  £25 

that  noble  yoaA.  Let  tiw  praod  robben 
alcn  RiMB  me  tm  km^doin :  but  wbiLe  I  have 
s  roof  to  sheifier  mc,  I  wiQ  ibare  it  with 
Padens!" 

A  meAMiigei  vas  jcem'iingtT  Jxapalcfaed  to 
die  Ide  of  AnloQ ;  the  Eine  gencnrasly  re- 
•olriii^  to  risk  his  kingdoio.  lUber  than  for- 
nke  his  friead. 

Pndens.  n  mar  be  imagtned.  was  not  on- 
vilhiig  to  ober  the  sammoas  to  coait:  bat 
be  was  not  so  mocb  intoxicated  with  his  ovn 
good  fortnne,  as  to  beanmindtiil  of  his  renera- 
ble  friend,  or  indifferent  to  the  veltaie  of  the 
ncred  cause  with  which  he  was  connected. 
So  &T  frtnn  it,  he  conducted  the  aged  pilgrint 
to  the  pahue,  and  introduced  him  to  Claudia 
and  her  father;  althoogh  it  was  not  deemed 
advisable  to  bring  forward  the  object  of  his 
misnon  in  the  present  excited  state  of  the 
family. 

.  Arvingns,  as  might  have  been  anticipated, 
received Pudens  with  the  affection  of  a  father; 
and  within  a  week  his  friendship  was  matured 
into  that  degree  of  relationship. 

And  here,  did  not  more  important  matters 
press,  we  might  consider  ourselves  called  upon 

L  3 


2«G 


ffrUXEIIENGE}   OK, 


tv  give  some  iic-count  of  tlie  ceremony,  and 
particularly  of  old  Ana's  conduct  on  the  oc- 
casion; but  we  niu«  content  ourseive*  witb 
obsen'ing,  that  iihe  became  so  reconciled  to  the 
disuse  of  the  braces,  as  not  only  to  be  re* 
markably  mil  to  I'odens,  but  even  to  give  her 
daughter  in  tnnrriagc  to  Rj-no,  who  had 
adopted  the  Roman  costume  in  this  respect, 
and  whose  faithful  services,  we  have  the  plea* 
sure  to  record,  were,  not  lung  xubsiiqucntly,  re- 
garded by  Pudens  with  a  Centuhonship ! 


TBB  wntAsn  ix  sbivaix.  HJ 


CHAFTEB  XXll. 

He  took  the  Sa^rcd***  htlj  ^atm, 

lliil.  ■IimIiiih|.  ■■■  Ihi  liiiiiii  high. 
He  Bisht  Bot  view  witk  wik^uog  cj«. 

The  BiglitieM  ehicA  at  Britiik  lOBg, 
Scorned  bm  sack  luiiJi  to  proloBf  j 
Tbej  gleaa  throiqk  Spouer'*  elbi  dream. 
And  mix  in  Milton'i  bearealj  IbcBr. 

M*BMIOII. 

PuDENS  and  CUodia,  having  thus  sur- 
moonted  the  many  and  painful  tiials  which 
encountered  them  in  thdr  entrance  upon  life, 
begBn>  like  David  of  old,  to  look  out   for  a 

■  The  SanfTcal  U  the  real  blood  of  Chriit,  which  it  lup- 
poaed  Id  hare  been  bronght  am  hj  Joaeph  of  Ari- 
mathea:— 

Hither  came  Joaeph  of  Arimalhj, 

Ami  bronght  with  him  the  holjr  ^jrlei  thtj  aajr. 

Sfrmrr. 
AnoihcT  ««nion  i*,    that  the  Qraj-k  ia    a    pUte    or  irair 


S28 


eTONBilKNOE;    OH, 


resting- place  for  the  uk  of  their  God  ;  untl 
hviiiled  UieniselveM  of  tlie  first  opportunity  of 
introducing  the  subject  of  the  new  religion  to 
the  King.  The  ancient  chroniclers  are  not 
agreed  as  to  their  success  in  persuading  Arri- 
ragus  himself  to  embrace  and  profess  Chris- 
tianity ;  but  tliey  are  unanimous  iii  their 
testimony  that  hU  prejudices  against  it  wer« 
so  &r  removed,  that  he  afforded  Joseph  of 
Arimathea  his  protection  and  countenance,  aitd 
assigned  him  a  retreat  in  the  Isle  of  Ava]oa ; 
where,  free  from  persecution  or  molestation, 
he  had  permission  to  promulgate  his  doctrines 
as  he  should  think  proper.  *  As  an  acknow- 
ledgment of  this  favour,  the  apoKtIe  of  tiie 
ilritoiiK  presented  tiie  King  witli  u.  sUndard,  on 

of  MDprald,  tilled  boljr  from  haTto;  bwa  utti,  cUba 
in  our  Lord*!  Lmi  Siijipcr,  or  lo  rccelic  bi*  pccclo**  bknd 
when  Jotvpti  cf  Arlni*lhc*  wubrd  the  wounil*  of  his  hotf 
boily,  ID  |>R[>nrR  it  (or  biirUI.  Srr  ■  cuciuo*  DOte  of  PclK- 
rt-r'n  to  Ihs  Spsiiikli  (ilition  uf  !}«□  Quoolc  (ptcU  I.,  capll. 
49)  on  (hi*  aiihjiti,  Knd  ibe  intrc^uctioa  ot  Cbriulialty  tij 
ioaepb  of  AiiiDitbra, 

■  Joicpb  kbculr,  *nit  riilt]>  l«uilifi*i.' 
TV  l«»r  of  Cliriiit,  lo  whirlir  h*  wt»  fall  ttyat. 
And  ib<  kfng  gifc,  the  «ithe  lo  Mjnc, 
Twplvf  hydci  of  Uuil,  y>  llien  Mtwuja  hl(ht. 
Which  UUticnburr  is  do«<  ombMI  full  rifhL" 


TUB   BOUANi    IN    BRITAIN. 

which  Claudia,  at  his  requeat,  liad  embroidered 
a  crass,  similar  to  thnt  wliich  the  British  6ag 
stilt  bean,  and  which  it  has  borne  ever  sincr,  * 
defying  for  many — 


The  b>lllo>nil  llir  lirocu. 


A,  bundnd  jrctn. 


Their  eflbrts  to  promulgate  Christianity 
were  also  cruu-ned  n-it)i  tiinyular  ku<.-cc»  in  tlic 
case  of  the  Arch  Druid  ;  for  he  was  so  struck 
with  the  similarity  between  many  of  th«  ritea 
of  tlie  old  Testament  (a  copy  of  whicli  Joseph 
of  Arimathea  had  with  him),  aiid  those  of  his 
own  religion,  tltnt  it  was  not  dilhcult  Ut  con- 
rince   him   of  the  dtvine    inspiration    of  the 


*4omfk  eoanrWil  iLli  Kyn|[  Ar*lnrii« 
By  hi*  prMhj'inii,  la  koo*  j*  Uw*  i)«Tinr, 
Aiiil  bipliud  biin,  u  vrilleo  hath  Nenaiua, 
Tlif  cbronitlcr.  in  Bffl*yB»  tongue  riiM  fyne, 
And  to  Clirl>l<'>  |j<*re  mtiit  by  m  »clfnri 
Aiul  gtrc  hjia  lliCD  »  ihf-ldc  of  tilrcr  wUW, 
A  rrow  todlong  und  orci ibwari  full  ftHttL 

TlirH  •roci  wrrr  lunl  tkrough  all  BrjrUin 
Fur  a  common  i>(tne.  f«cb  wuine  lo  kBuvc  bii  nacbio 
Kninie  tn*nii#>.  wblcb  now  w«  call,  mtIub 
Salott  Ocorp'*  arnwa,  by  Ncaaliw'*  anformMloa,  *e. 

l/antfrng't  CAnm. 


no 


STONBIIENOB  ;    OR, 


■ 


MCred  volume.  His  strong,  penetrating,  com- 
mon sense,  also  (ttscuTcrcd  such  a  fund  of 
practical  n-isdom  in  tiie  Prorerljs  of  Solomon, 
that  he  was  incited  diligently  to  study  the 
other  books,  and  to  listen  with  delight  to  the 
exposition  uf  the  venerable  niiHsionary;  so  tliftt, 
in  the  end,  he  hecume  a  wncere  convert,  and 
the  founder  of  tlie  religious  bards,  whose  de- 
scendants still  flourish  in  Wales.  His  Ust 
days  were  s|>ent  at  Glastonbury,  wliere  be 
assisted  Joseph  of  Ariniathea  in  his  holy 
lal>uuis;  and  where  his  canunised  name— St. 
Duvian — was  long  preserved  in  great  venen- 
tion,  assoinatcd  with  that  of  •  Christianized 
bard,  called  St.  Pagan.  In  taking  our  leare  of 
this  personage — the  last  of  the  Arch  Druids 
in  Dritain — we  may  be  allowed  to  relate  one 
more  little  anecdote  of  him  which  is  carious 
as  exhibiting  a  trait  in  his  character,  and 
showing  how  tenaciously  peculiar  habits  of 
thought  cling  to  an  indiridual  tliroughout  lijie, 
and  become^ 

The  mltng  paulan  itrong  to  death. 

His  love  of  the  mystical  and  typical  parts  of 
religion  never  forsook  hint ;  but  on  his  death- 


I 


I.X.iI3.  £11 


bed  W  ifcMiiui  tti  1mm  a.  reianbuwce  oc  a.  3aa 
IbdiB  b»  gixve,  IB  K  svmbauaii.  jeaaumaa  la 
In  Aitfar  tfae    wncd  O^TZ.  Tmch   ssiines. 

&M  Tai^  Zm-^,  Jcsis    Chrisc.    oe    S<ni    ct 

fcdw^  ^ut  was  adopced  »  their  peeniiar 
badge     b;    liic    Chnsons    oi    the    euiy 


Aa  Joaepb  at*  Aximatiica  vas  aiEnot  to 
take  In  depattan  to  the  Isle  ot  AvaloOr  it 
oetuiieJ  to  Podena  and  CfawSa  tiiax.  it  Eci^ht 
be  eaudaoTC  to  the  mtocaSa  ot  the  new 
r^^on^  if  ther,  too,  woe  to  ntirc  thhher  tor 
a  aeaaoB,  mtil  the  political  commoooiu  in 
Rome,  vfaich  ended  widi  the  death  of  Nero, 
bad  reiDored  aD  apfxcbenaiooa  of  danger.  On 
the  ipyeitituie  of  Vespasian  with  the  imperial 
pnrple,  Podens  not  miIt  procured  a  revenal 
of  tbe  sentence  against  him,  and  the  restitation 
of  hia  oonfiacated  propertr ;  bat  was  promoted 
to  tbe  piKfectare  of  the  tntr  of  Bath,  which 

•  TcitalliaB  alliian  U>  tbii  lyabol  «bnr  hr  »«»».—' -Si/ 
aw  fitdrma  KrwmJmm  ijfiiw  mnlrum  Jrtam  t"*fi""-  >■ 
Mfua  matciaiMr. — Dt  Baplii.,  c.  I. 


S3S 


stonkuenob;  or. 


city  lie  so  aHorned  and  beautified,  tliot,  witli  lU 
magnificent  hills  and  atately  buildings,  it 
became  a  Rome  in  miniature.  His  country 
w&s  indeed,  some  yvttn  after,  more  completely 
subjugated ;  but  it  seems  probable  tbnt  he  was 
spared  tlie  jiains  of  witnessing  her  opprcsuoni, 
by  beinj;  summuned  to  tale  a  place  in  the 
Roman  senate,  where  )te  sicquired  considerable 
distinction.  • 

It  wax  small  honour  to  be  praised  by  a 
athen  poet,  after  having  been  mentioned  by 
inspired  Apoxtle;  but  the  iiigh  estimation 
in  which  the  beauty,  talents,  and  %-irtuc  of 
Claudia  were  held  in  the  refined  capital  of  the 
world,  tnny  be  inferred  from  tlic  following 
epigram  of  Martial,  who  seems  to  have 
exiH^cted  her  to  extend  his  fame  to  Britain,  and 
to  teach  lier  countrvmcn  his  works,  t 


T>inii|[l'  CUiiilii  Kndiiii  iii  BritjilB  bm  born, 

f)y  oririii't  Iiliii<  WHvag  Truin  the  tininne  Im, 

Not  Rome,  wlijn  lirr  manncn  were  pitMt  uid  bcH, 

Mori'  vjrlu^H  rntilil  b(h»t  Ilijin  illitiu^tiUli  bdr  brv«$t; 

Ronina  mfltri>n«  all  rnty  lii-r  drjinlAi'il  air; 

And  her  fotin  wiih  (h<  maidriitur  tinrn  laiiht  omd|m«. 

■  S«r  !ipn<r«  tewuBl  at  the  reltgioA  «r  tkU  Ulaad. 
I  Dkilur  «t  noklroi  caoUrc  BrtbiuiU  imat^^Mtrt^  ib. 
Si..«pig*. 


Tim    KUUANS    IS    BaiTAI>f. 


23^ 


Whtlha  Luta  or  CrMk,  ia 
AmI  tlill  bat  MM  fWilM  bM 


b^ncKl 

blTH, 

MBfm! 

■MKTMt. 


It  only  remunx  to  mention,  that  one  of  the 
6nt  utidtTtakings  of  Pudcns,  In  reference  to 
religion,  vns  to  erect  a  cliurcli  on  llie  spot 
where  he  had  first  srcn  Josc|)h  of  Ari- 
mathea. 

This  was  an  humble  edifice,  nnd  consisted 
only  of  a  sniaLI  urat»ry,  having  walls  of  barked 
alden  or  wicker  wands,  twisted  togetlier,  and 
iu  rtxtf  thstched  witli  straw  or  rushes.  It  was 
_  #ixty  feet  long,  and  twenty-sis  feet  broad ;  the 
Vdoor  readied  to  the  eaves  of  the  roof,  and 
there  was  a  wiiidow  over  the  altar  in  the 

feast.* 
Such  was  the  first  church  in  which  Chris- 
tianity was  preached  in  Britain ;  and  how  far 
Hthe  auspices  under  which  it  was  erected  have 
been  realized,  will  t>e^t  appear  from  n  n'lation 
of  a  very  remarkable  and  encouraging  circum- 
stance which  attended  its  erection  !   As  Joseph 


■Smbidm  and  Hcjnic,  cited  b)i  lloUnabai  llUwrr,  |l1] 
aad  88,  in  folio,  U.  leL 


234 


stonrhenoe;  or, 


of  Arimathca,  and  Pndens  were  aon-ejing  the 
ground,  for  the  purpose  of  selecting  the  most 
favournblc  situation,  they  liajipened  to  liiid  the 
patriarch's  stuiT,  on  wliicli  he  tuii]  been  lennii^ 
when  he  was  first  observed  by  his  brother  exile; 
but  which,  in  consequence  of  the  rapture  villi 
which  lie  Iicnrd  Pudcns's  avowal  of  Chiiatianityi 
he  hHiI  left  in  Uie  ground,  and  had  nfterwardt 
tiilen  sought  in  rain.  Tht  old  man  rcoogniied 
liis  staff,  und  his  companion  was  about  to  poll 
it  out  of  the  ground  for  him  when  be  disco- 
vered th»t  it  appeared  to  be  budding  forth,  D0(- 
withstandin™  winter  was  fast  approaching  KQ 
Tliis  unexpected  effort  of  vegetation,  from  whieli 
the  famous  GUstonbniy  thorn,  which  still 
blossoms  in  winter,  drew  its  origin,  struck 
tliem  both  as  being  in  the  nature  of  an  omen ; 
and  certainly  one  uf  a  very  auspicious  character. 
The  aged  patriarch's  mind  was  deeply  impreg- 
nated viih  scripture  lore ;  aud,  to  a  person  un- 
acquainted witli  tlie  character  of  the  times  in 
which  he  lived,  and  the  events  which  he  had 
witnessed,  might  appear  a  little  tinged  with  su- 
[lerstition.  It  must  be  remembered,  howovci, 
that  in  his  early  youth  angels  were  no  unfire- 
queiit  visitors  to  mankind ;  and  that  ihey  had 


I 


TUG   ROMANS   IN   URITAIN. 


not  yet  uttered  titcir  tuouniful  farevell  to  the 
beautilu)  terople  of  Jerusalenn.*  Every  sense 
was  subjected,  at  the  time  of  which  we  sj)eak, 
to  supcrnsturaJ  impressions.  Tlie  star  of 
Bethlehem  had  shone  upon  Joseph's  InfaRt 
eyes;  tlic  clionia  of  ministnint  angels  had 
sung  in  his  ears  the  birth  song  of  his  lord ;  the 
Urim  and  Thuniroim  stiU  beamed  furth  their 
mysterious  revelations ;  and  the  Shecaiim  yet 
glowed  from  tlie  cherub -watched  mercy  seat! 
Nay,  greater  wonders  than  these  were  fumiliar 
to  his  experience ;  the  secrets  of  the  grave  had 
been  divulged : — the  mysteries  of  the  holy  of 
holies  had  been  esposcd  in  his  prtaencc;  end 
tlie  greatest  struggle,  which  had  ever  occurred 
between  the  powers  of  darkness  and  the  Lord 
of  life,  had  taken  place  in  the  sepulchre  in  hta 
own  ganien ! 

Is  it  to  he  wondered  at  then,  that  he  re- 
garded  the  simple  incident  of  his  staff  budding 
with  an  emotion  of  holy  plctisurc ;  and  tliat  it 


•  Joivphu)  rfldtni,  tlmt  prfviou*  lo  Ihf  drainicilnn  of 
Jtniinloni,  on  iLc  Pratt  of  ri'nlecoil.  tlic  ptii-<U  wiio  vcrv 
keeping  Tigil  in  ihi?  lfm[>Ic,  bcurd  a  ruilllug  noiic  mid  a 
inperniiariil  vulcc  ni>  of  r  maliliudc.  uyln;,  "L«i  us  depnrl 
hrnce."  MiTo^aiymiuv  ivniOtv.  {BrUJud.  ly.S*-} 


336 


btokbiiengk;  ob 


suggested  to  his  imagination  the  budding  rod 
of  Aaron,  and  the  Iwly  stem  of  Jesse  ? 

Intent  upon  tbese  thoughts,  and  allowing  his 
memory  to  bask  upon  the  ecstatic  viwons  of 
Isaiah,  as  he  composed  himself'  to  slumber 
that  night,  bis  imagination  continued  her  reveb 
»ftcr  his  other  faculties  were  overpowered  bjr 
sleep ;  and  collecting  the  glittering  fragments 
which  Hope,  and  Faitli,  and  Memory  bad  scat 
tcred  around,  fantastically  arranged  tliem  into 
the  following  dream : — 

There  appeared  to  bim  a  tender  slirub  grow- 
ing upon  a  mount,  over  which  a  dove  con- 
tinuidly  horered,  and,  tearing  oflT  little  branches, 
gave  ihem  to  different  ]>er»on«  to  plant.  One 
of  them  being  put  into  his  hand  fur  that  pur- 
)>ose,  he  lliouglit  that  he  conveyed  it  to  »ome  tu 
off  island.  His  attention  being  recalled  lo  the 
parent  tree,  he  was  surprised  at  itn  ra[>id  ^rowtli, 
but  was  alarmed  for  the  safety  of  the  dove, 
seeing  it  furiously  attacked  by  an  eagte.  The 
bird  of  Jove  grasped  a  thunderbolt  in  its  taluns, 
and,  soaring  aloft,  hurleil  it,  with  all  iu  mighty 
at  the  little  plant,  and  enveloped  it  in  flames. 
I'he  fire  diffused  its  rsdiaitce  iar  and  wide,  with 
constantly  increasing  brightness :   but  thoo^ 


I 


ilirub  continued  liurning,  it  was  not  con- 
sumed ;  and,  feurful  to  relate,  a  figure  of  inclfa- 
l>lc  miijesty,  und  indescribable  glorr,  appeared 
in  tbe  miiUt  of  it !  'i'en  times  did  tbe  mad- 
dened eagle  launch  its  lightnings  against  it ; 
and  ten  times  did  the  flarnes  bunt  forth  with 
increnied  %'igour;  soaring  higher,  spreading 
wider,  and  burning  more  brilliantly  each  time  t 
until,  at  last,  tbe  weary  caglo  pcrisbed  in  tJietnl 

Wbcrever  these  little  twigs  were  planted, 
theie  they  sprung  up,  glittering  and  beautiful, 
like  golden  branched  candlesticka:  and  an  angel 
WH  depul&l  to  watch  over  and  gunnl  tbeni. 
But  their  duration  was  in  Koroe  case*  very  I 
for  if  the  soil  on  wliicli  tliey  they  wcrr  impUnttd 
was  not  geiiiid,  tlicir  celestial  guardian  Rpe«dUj 
rcnturc<l  them.  Sucli  was  Itic  fate  of  no  leaa 
than  seven  of  these  saplings,  which,  at  first, 
glistened  radiant  d«  seven  stars ;  but  the  Aamv 
l>ecuming  less  pure,  they  were  all  traiMptantad, 

With  anxious  solicitude,  therefore,  it  Memcd 
to  tbe  slet'ping  pstriarch  that  he  turned  to  ••■ 
what  had  become  uf  his  own  little  sprijt  which, 
with  the  intliatinctncss  and  confusion  incidcnl 
to  dreams,  seemed  identieal  with  liia  budding 
staff  1  For  some  dtrus  it  grew  knotty  and  re- 
dundant, and  wasted  its  »trcngth  in  wild  and 


STONIfllKN'Ge;   OR, 


unproductive  suckers  ;  but  tliwe  being  I<^t 
oft*  and  prunncd,  it  recovered  iu  pristine  «gwir: 
and  beautiful,  indwd,  was  the  spectacle  which 
it  then  presented.  The  golden  vine,  whose 
exquisitely  wrought  foliage  wni  the  prinraple 
oouiincnts  of  the  gorgeous  temple  of  his  natirc 
land,*"  could  not  vtc  in  luxuriant  beauty  with 
the  flourishing  tree  into  whieh  that  sapling 
grew :  and  its  fruit  glittered  from  afar,  with  a 
radiance  unsurpassed  even  by  titat  which  was 
flung  fn>ni  the  golden  candlestick  pUcei]  on 
the  summit  of  the  holy  faite,  to  cateli  the  first 
ray  uf  the  rising  sun.  Kefieeting  all  the  light 
which  fell  upon  it  from  above,  and,  at  the  same 
time,  culling  grateful  sha<le  below,  its  branches 
spread  far  and  wide,  until  it  overshadowed  the 
whole  island:  and,  like  the  palm  tree  of  hbi 
own  sultry  clime,  which  draws  a  colony  beneath 
it,  glad  of  its  umbrageous  shelter  fn>ni  a  soordi- 
ing  sun, — so  peace  and  plenty,  and  all  the 
blessings  of  civilization,  prevailed  wherever  its 
shade  fell. 

Hut   not  only  was   the  appearance    of  the 

■  Par  iin  iMoant  of  tbU  mlraelf  of  tottfy  art,  tonoH  ol 
gold  anil  prccluu*  icouai,  uid  whoM  clanun  m-trr  m  laqp 
M  (b«  liiiinin  fiirn,  Mt  Bruticr^  Note*  tu  Tac.  Hi>L,  Uh. «, 
(.5. 


THL    nOHASB    IX    BPITAIX. 


2S9 


altered ;    even  the  snrrounding  ocean 

hope  wiliwKs  to  tlie  otiange  wliich  had  oMurred : 

for,  insUad  of  titc  light  British  coracles,  borne 

Kke  cockles  on  tlic    restless    waves,  and  the 

naiijr  oared  iloman  gnlleys,  creeping  like  huge 

caierpillani  through  the  billowy  plain,  vesaels, 

cuoh  w  liie  world  had  never  yet  seen,  light 

and  bcaatiful  as  ajiirits  of  the  deep,  (crowded 

every  port,  bearing  hi*  own  cruu-enibroidered 

banner,    like    aome    Hcaven-iigncd  pa»port, 

tliniugh  the  world  of  waters,  to  which  all  who 

haunted   the    seas    did    homage.     While  the 

alcaiung  &ccr  gased  with  rapture  on  the  scene, 

these  winged  messengers  seemed  changed  into 

duves,  laden  with  hraiichcH  from  the  sacred  tree 

whieh  he  had  planted:  and  verily,  the  leares 

of  that  tree  appearc<l  for  the  healing  of  nations ; 

■  since  bow  barbarous  soever  was  the  shore  to 

which  they  were  wafted,  they  no  sooner  sprang 

up,  tiian  they  produced  the  same  happy  eflPccta 

which  had  made  our  own  Island  '  a  praise  and 

a  rejoicing  on  the  whole  earth  I' 

tSuclt  was  the  dream  of  the  venerable  coun- 
KUcr,  foreshadowing,  as  it  appears  to  nie,  the 
progress  of   that  kingdom,    which  shall  hare 
ft  DO  cud ;  and  against  wlitch  the  Konian  eagle 
tnute  war  in  vaiu,  only  adding  to  its  extension 


240 


STONKBENOE. 


and  purity,  by  its  tenfold  pL-reecutions !  The 
hte  of  tliv  HCTcn  churchi»  in  Asia  >f  inor,  Utere 
prctigared,  Itan  lieeii  awftiUy  realized ;  and  it 
only  remains  to  ho[;e  Utut  tli«  vision  of  Bn- 
tain's  glory  may  nUo  be  fulfilled ! 


ESSAY  ON  DRUIDISM. 


Primordia  gantii, 
TcmmmqM  titni,  Tolglqne  sdiMen  more*. 
El  rltw,  foraatqaa  Dc&m  |  qnodcuaque  TBtuUi 
ImenlptiiB  cat  idytii  profer,  atMclqtie  TotonlM 
PradeDeot. 

LOCAHI  PBARI.  LIB.  1,  177. 


TOL.  III. 


1 


ESSAY  ON  DRUtDISM. 


Almost  all  tiie  infonnation  which  we  pas- 
Msa  relative  to  tlic  Dniidical  institution  is 
deriredfrom  Cccsar.  His  description  has  been 
adopted  bjr  aubsciiuvnt  classical  writers  ax 
the  basis  of  their  histories ;  and  they  have 
rather  amplified  it  by  their  cotDmonlaries,  than 
augmented  !t  hy  the  addition  of  any  new  ma- 
terialii.  C'lcssr  is  supposed  to  have  acquired 
his  knowledge  firom  DivitiacoB,  a  Druid,  and 
prince  of  tlie  vKdui,  nnth  whom  he  was  on  terms 
of  intimacy  ;*  and  who  wo  may  reasonably 
infer  was  a  profieient  in  the  mysteries  uf  Iiis 
wc^  as  he  is  celebrated  by  Clcero^f  to 
whom  he  was  jiersonally  known,  and  at  whose 
brotlier's  house  he  was  a  guest,  for  )iis  know- 


^^iniei 

I  *ap|q^  I 


'  Sn  Darin'i  UylUeioff  at  Ou  Unidh 
t  Cte.  a«  OinnMiow ,  lib.  1,  c.4l. 


U  3 


244 


eSSAT    ON 


ledge  of  physioloi^  and  tlic  arts  of  divination. 
Subsequent  irse&rclics  and  discovcnes  hare 
but  aen'ed  to  prove,  not  only  tlic  aocuncy,  but 
the  minuteness  of  CcEsv^a  account;  and  the 
extravagance  of  modem  theories  may  be  tested 
by  tbeir  vamnce  from  it. 

In  the  following  essay,  therefore,  ve  shaQ 
consider  Cesar's  narrative  as  our  text-book, 
and  other  authors  as  commentators ;  only  pre- 
tni^ng  that  under  the  generic  term  *  Draidt^ 
we  have  induded  the  three  orders,  Barda, 
Oxittes,  and  Druids,  whose  respective  offices 
have  been  thus  distinguished  and  described  by 
Strabo*.  The  bttrdi  uog  hymns,  and  are 
poet* ;  the  ovates  perform  sacrifices,  and  arc 
skilled  in  natural  science  ;  and  tlie  Druids,  in 
addition  to  ^these  pruGcieitcietj  are  rened  in 
etbicnl  knowledge. 

Following  the  example  of  our  great  mattcT 
we  shall  view  the  Druids — first,  in  their  politi- 
cal  character ;  secondly,  in  their  philosophical 
character ;  and  thirdly,  in  their  religious  cha- 
racter :  but  as  it  was  their  religion  which  im- 
parted so  much  politics!  influence,  and  diffused 
its  hue  over  the  whole  system  of  their  philoso- 


■  Slrmbcs  Cuuub,  Tu.  1620.  «■  4,  ^  W. 


DBUIDUH. 


24S 


xhnl)  pass  bat  lightly  orer  the  states* 
I  wtd  philosopher,  to  scrutinise  more  tiar- 
rowly  the  priest. 

felBt•    A«  to   the  politicai  ckarafiter  <(f  fhr 
vidt,  no  supremacy  was  ever  inure  nlwolute 
m   thcirH  ;  uid  their  power   was  supposed 
not  to  be  restricted  to  the  present  life.    They 
■  ire  styled  by  the  WeUli  bards  <  supranie  nd- 
tninistratora' ;  and  even    Kiiif;B  were  esteemed 

(their  ministers,  and  possessed  but  a  Hubordi- 
toattf  authority.*  Tliey  wer«  the  judges  in  all 
ControTcrsics.  In  national  disputes,  they  often 
mediated  with  success  between  public  and 
private  contendiit^;  artDtcs  ;  nnd  tlicy  awarded 
■the  compensation  or  the  punishmont  in  all 
offences  against  the  state,    or  against  indivi- 

■  duals. 
A  person  refusing  to  submit  to  their  decision 
was  interdicted  their  sacrifices,  denied  tlie  pro- 
tecUon  of  the  laws,  excluded  from  idl  honours, 
.and  prohibited  all  intercourse  with  his  fellow 
lubjects-t 
Their  own  aSiiirs  were  administered  under 
^e  presidency  of  an  Arch  Druid,  who  was 


*  8m  Otan  ChryMttom  uul  Hdisodu*,  quo«r4  by  Mu»a 
I  Iril  noUt  to  CkfKMCgi. 
Caur,  lit».C,  Ell.  f.  IM. 


346 


BBSAT  ON 


elected  from  among  themselves ;  and  they  litld 
a  general  assembly  annually  in  the  territory  of 
the  Camutes,*  a  central  province  of  Gmu), 
for  the  discussion  and  regulation  of  public 
matters. 

Possessed  of  such  extensive  political  power, 
it  iceems  almost  unnecessary  to  add,  that  they 
had  not  been  unmindful  of  their  own  interests, 
but  had  secured  for  tlietnselTes  many  privi- 
leges ;  such  as  exemption  ffx>m  service  in  arms, 
and  payment  of  tribute,  and  an  immunity  from 
most  of  those  sacrifices  of  private  convenience 
for  public  welfare,  which  are  demanded  of  the 
members  of  a  commonwealth. 

Slid.  As  a  philoaophicai  sect,  the  Druids  were 
superior  to  almost  any  otlier  upon  record.  In 
tlie  preceding  tale,  we  have  adverted  to  their 
examination  of  their  pupils  in  ethical  and  aiy- 
Iftotoffical  subjects.  Besides  Ute  triads  there 
cited,  which  have  been  preserved  by  classicaJ 
authors;  many  others  on  ethics,  arc  proaored 
in  the  writings  of  the  ancient  bards;  from 
which  the  following  aphorisms  have  been 
euUed  as  n  specimen : — 

**  A  noble  descent  is  the  most  desolate  of 


■  ThU  mMtiDK  w  (appoaed  M  tuT«  beta  bdd  irliere  tin 
toiru  o(  Dkux  1b  the  Pays  de  Cbuuaia  nov  (Uaja. 


DRi;tDI8U. 


247 


I 

I 


widows,  unless  it  be  vrcdded  to  some  eminent 
virtue. 

"  Tbe  blessing  of  compet<ncr,  ia  not  infisrior 
to  that  of  abundance. 

"  Many  are  the  faults  of  him,  wlio  is  not  be- 
loved. 

"  Wealth  of  the  world )  let  it  go ;  let  it  come  1 
a  state  of  anvety  i»  upon  a  level  with  real 
penury. 

"  Serenity  will  succeed  when  the  lain  is 
over. 

"  Amongst  the  children  of  the  unie  nursery 
equality  is  seldom  found  : — the  brave  will 
plar,  whilst  his  blood  is  flowing  about  him, — 
the  Bubmissivc  will  be  trampled  upon, — tlic 
fierce  will  be  avoided,— tiic  discreet  is  in  oovo- 
nant  witli  prosperity, — to  him  God  pours  forth 
bis  bounty. 

"  Woe  to  tlie  land  wliere  there  is  no  reli- 


gion 


M* 


I 


"Hut  the  Druids  also  practised,  as  well  as 


■  IImm  aumfUt  >re  tekcud  rrom  Mmc  (mblUbni  bf 
DarlM,  In  hia  M^rtholORT  of  Ihc  Drulita,  Ip.  SO.  rt  m^.) 
TOrMT  liM  >)m  colkcud  ■  few  ftbicml  txitd*  «r  MtnonD- 
nuy  beantir  aod  fo>c«,  lo  hi*  InmnI  Vindkalloa  o(  llir 
AMkBt  Britiib  PoFm*  r-a  Iran  which  *lll  implj'  jailifjr  iW 
u(r  which  I  hiT<  made  uf  tite  oiTniinl  wriUnp  ol  the  b«rdii, 
to  illiutt»u,  anil  diuldaW,  claHUal  aalhoriliM. 


348 


mMAT  ON 


tatight,  correct  moral  [nindples,  nuj-  be  iii- 
ferrvd  from  the  testimony  of  Strabo;  who 
states,  '  that  a  very  high  opinion  of  their 
ndlicrcDce  to  justice  prevmled  universalij.* 

They  seem  likewise,  to  huve  been  fond  uf 
indulging  in  melajtltgncal  tpeculalumt ;  u  »p> 
pears  from  tlie  following  questions  proposed 
by  Talie.-u»,  a  Welsh  lisid  of  tfao  sixth 
century' : — 

Knovett  ibou  what  thou  an. 
In  the  hour  of  deep  ? — 
A  men  body— •  mere  totil— 
Or  a  trcRt  nrtrtat  uf  Mgbl  ? 

And  again,  referring  to  another  sect,  he 
states  by  way  of  disparagement : — 


I  DittTcl  thai  ia  their  b(Kilt% 

They  know  not  wtlb  cprtainty. 

What  an  ihf  propcrtla  of  (1m  «oiiI  i 

or  wbit  rortti  arc  it*  iMmbfr*  i 

In  whil  part  and  irb»n,  it  Ultn  «p  ila  ibode 

By  what  wind,  or  what  MNan  it  U  aappticd.* 

Nor  were  they  less  skilled  in  natural  philo- 
aopky,  teieneCt  and  the  ttsefvl  aria.  Caesar 
informs  us  that  they  possessed  considerable 
knowledge  of  astronomy ;  and  the  appellation 


*  Da*.  DniMh  p.  AO.  sod  SI. 


DECiDnM.  349 

SKronidea,  by  whidi  tbey  were  known  to  the 
■ndent*,  is  derived  firom  two  British  words 
signifying  '  pointers  out  of  stars.'*'  Liry  re- 
lates an  anecdote  of  a  native  of  Gaol,  having 
not  only  foretold  an  edipse  <i€  the  moon,  bat 
likewise  tbe  exact  period  of  the  continuance 
of  the  occnltatioo ;  by  which  dnromstance  the 
Ganla  acquired  among  tbe  Romans  the  re- 
putation of  possessing  knowledge  ahnost  super- 
natoraLt 

The  Dmids  were  accustomed  to  dispute 
concerning  the  structure  and  dimensions  of  the 
earth,  and  other  sabjects  of  phyrical  know- 
ledge. Taliesin^  certainly  had  no  mean  opi- 
nion of  his  own  proficiency  in  these  dejiart- 
ments  of  sdence.  "  Let  a  river  be  specified," 
tays  he,  "  I  know  its  qualities,  when  it  ebb* 
or  flows,  swells  or  subsides.  I  know  what 
foundations  there  are  beneath  the  sea."  Tbe 
same  aathor  proposes  the  following  amoiiK 
many  other  corioos  questions,  which  are  not, 
we  apprehend,  to  be  answered  by  a  tyro : 

**  At  what  time,  and  to  what  extent,  will  land 


•  S*r,  *Un,    mod  HodfiU,    <mt  who  (lUeriiiiin»tCT,  of 
polnuoat,    Dar.  Dni.p.  173. 
t  Lir.  lib.  44.  c  37. 
J  Caur.  D«r.  Drn.  52  ud  51. 

H    3 


250 


tS«AT  OK 


be  {inKluctire  f  What  is  the  extent  and  ifi»> 
m«tCT  of  the  earth !  Who  ts  the  rcguUtor 
between  heaven  and  earth  ?  What  bmigi 
forth  the  clear  gem  from  the  working  of  stone*  ? 
WhcTC  do  tlie  cuckoos,  which  rinit  us  in  the 
summer,  retire  during  the  winter  ■" 

And  aguii  in  the  following  strain,  in  wiaA 
lie  almost  lix'ats  the  sublime  interrogatories 
of  Job : 


O  »kklflil  ton  ol  fawmoaf , 

Whj'niUlboa  not  aaiiHr  auT 

Knovctl  lliuu  where  (he  night  awtut* 

For  Ibc  paiiiag  of  the  daj  ! 

KnoBfti  tlina  the  chitriuMrr 

Of  ortry  U*l  which  gram  ? 

Whiil  h  it  vliich  UeKm  up  iho  nrauttUin 

Before  iht  conrulnioo  uf  elenienU  i 

Or  wh*t  (upiiorU  the  fabric 

Of  tbt  habiubk-  earth  f 

Wlio  ixhe  illuiuiDklorof  ihe  loitl-^  ' 

Wild  hM  iMD,  who  boow«  him  F 


"  Who  carried  the  mensuiing  line  of  the 
Lord  of  causes  i  Wlmt  sralcs  were  used  wboi 
the  heavens  were  reared  aloft  i  and  who  sup- 
ported the  curtain,  from  the  euth  to  tbe 
skies  !■' 

The  proficiency  of  the  Druids  in  the  medioil 
art  has  been  celebrated  by  Ptiny ;  who  likcwite 


DBUIDtSkl. 


S61 


tn/brms  tu  that  in  rtoffc  and  tlic  occult  sci- 

y  ences,  tliey  appear  to  have  instructed  even  the 
Persian  Magi.* 

Nor  vere  they   inept   in  mechanical  hunt' 
Udge ;    as  that   monument  of  dynamic  skill, 

B  Stonebenge,  aufficiently  evinces  at  tlie  present 
day.  Indeed,  an  ancient  triad  celebrates  as  the 
three  mighty  labours  of  Britain,  "  Lifting  the 
stone  of  Ketty,"  probably  poisbg  some  huge 
rocking  Logan ;  **  building  the  work  of  Emrys," 
or  constructing  the  sacred  circle  at  Stonehen^ 
or  Abury;  and  "piling  up  the  mount  of  the 
asscmblica,"  which  Kems  to  refer  to  construct- 
ing the  artificial  mound  of  Silbury  hill ;  which 
covers  more  than  five  acres  of  ground,  and  was 
deemed  a  sufficient  obstacle  to  divert  a  Roman 
road. — Neither  of  which  labours  appear  con- 

Ktomptiblc  to  t)iG  artists  of  the  ninetvenll)  cen- 

■taryit 

It  need  hanlly  be  stated  tliat  the  Oruida 
were  well  skilled  in  music : 


Tlitte  oM  g«alD  Bmom  id  (Ikcte)  iajt 

Ryncd  III  lilt  tnt  Hrtloa  loogu*, 

Wblcb  Ufc«  widi  hir  iiMUiimcnl  iHfj  «un|«. 

But   we    cannot    help  here  introducing  i 

•  PUn,  N.  II.  lib.  30.  c  I.  (  Oar.  Oni.  p.  tOU. 


BBSAT  ON 


remaHc  of  the  Itcvcrend  II.  Bowles,  relative 
to  the  peculiar  form  of  the  Celtic  harp,  viz.  tliat 
its  couitt«rj>uit  was  found  by  Bnioe,  in  a  carcm 
nt  Tlicbcs ;  but  that  tliorc  exists  nothing  of 
the  kind  iii  any  other  part  of  the  irorld  !' 

To  this  brief  notice  of  the  intellecUiaJ  at- 
tainments of  the  Druids,  ve  vill  only  add 
tlieir  hiowledffe  of  UUen.  Cgesar  informs  ua 
chat  they  used  Greek  letters  in  public  and 
private  afiairs ;  but  that  they  did  not  comnut 
the  mysteries  of  their  relij^on  to  writing ; 
bccauBc  they  did  not  wish  them  divulged,  and 
thought,  by  exercise,  to  improve  Uie  memory.t 

Where  persona)  comuuiiieation  was  impn^ 
Ucahle,  it  IS  probable  that  they  carried  on  their 
intercourse  by  means  of  a  symbolical  language; 
for  which  purpose  they  used  leaves  and  tvip 
uf  different  trees  to  convey  their  meaning.  Of 
this  fact  we  have  tolerably  conclunve  evidence 
in  the  following  poem  of  Taliesin's:— 

Tbc  poiDU  of  thi?  (fmboU-ud  Ikm, 
Wlikt  !•  It  Ui*7  iKbliptr  M  forcMjTi 
Or  wb*l  raHouK  brvaLhiDgi 
Arc  Id  (heli  trunk*  i 
7'httr  itrr  rAli^  Ay  the  *ngr> 
Who  WOT*  **nei  iii  uirncr. 

Hrrinrii  RnUniiicut. 
•  Ob  tb«  aubJBCt  of  IW  letWn  utitA  \tij  tbc  Diuidt.  ki 
Dirie*'  Celtic  Rtantcbd,  p.  !3;.  M  tc^ 


I 


r^V  DRI'IDISSI.  859 

And  agun 
: 
Tl 
'■ 
And  VI 


I 


Wliea  the  tprlgi  trcrt  Duk«d, 
In  ihc  uUct  of  device*, 
Th«  (prifli  utIMMt  (h«ir  rolco, 
Prom  the  frame  of  ilUtlDCt  lound*. 


And  we  have  a  glimmering  light  Uirown  on 
the  meaning  of  tliese  obscare  symbols. 

The  lop  of  the  oak,  Ott  biuer  apriic  of  lh«  ■»!>. 
And  tlw  iimt  bnkftmd  dtclarc — >  broken  l>upli. 
The  cbetk  will  not  couMal  Ihc  anguliU  of  the  bun. 

Tlin  top  of  liuvU — pf  IvM  of  c^ual  Itagib, 
Tinl  u|>  with  onk  Irin*,  dcdaro— 
Hippy  is  he  wbo  He*  whuin  h<  lore*. 

The  top  of  tbe  bircb  deoUre* 

When  ilriwo  nader  ihe  pillow*^ 

The  mind  of  tbe  alTectluDBt*  will  be  liberal  t* 

Thkt  this  symbolical  interpretation  of  trees, 
from  which  divination  drew  its  origin,  wb>  not 
peculiar  to  tJic  Druidtf,  but  in  common  use 
among  all  primitive  nations,  appears  from  the 
ftdlowing,  amongst  other  illusions  in  tlic  sacred 
writings  :  Tlie  prophet  Jeremiali  having  stated, 
that  '  he  beheld  the  rod  of  an  almond  Iree  in  a 
vision,'  his  divine  interpreter  immediately  ex- 
plains the  synitral  thus  : — "  Thou  haat  seen 
well,  for  1  will  hatien  my  word  to  perform  it. 

•  CBltic  NMtrch**,  pp.  UG.  263.  ZU. 


■SSAT   ON 

The  almond  tree  being  probably  a  lymbol  of 
haste,  oil  account  of  its  bloosoming  in  tfae 
mi(Ut  of  winter,  and  bearing  fruit  in  the  earif 
part  of  spring,  when  other  trees  are  bat  be< 
ginning  to  put  forth  thdr  buds !  (D) 

It  is  an  interesting  question,  but  one  wbidi 
has  very  much  perplexed  the  icameil,  irom 
what  source  did  the  Druids  derive  their  vast 
and  extraordinary  funds  of  knowledge ! 

As  tlic  best  solution  of  this  problem  is  con> 
tained  in  tiicir  mytliotogical  system ;  wc  proceed 
to  the  moat  curious,  if  not  the  most  important 
part  of  our  division,  and  view  them,  tliirdly,  tu 
their  reUgiota  cfiamcler. 

Perhaps  no  religion  e^-er  exhibited  a  more 
incongruous  mixture  of  sublimity  and  barba- 
rism, ttian  tliat  of  the  Druids.  Tliey  seem  at 
once  to  have  pressed  upon  the  spltere  of  rere- 
Istion ;  and  yet  hardly  to  have  IcfV  the  pn>- 
fouiidest  abyss  of  superstition.  The  tame 
account  which  represents  them  as  being  able 
to  conunune 


mtb  ibrlct  %TtM  H«niic>,  or'notpbMc 
UlC  Ipirit  of  Hlato  to  unfniil, 
\V\\tx  ircirldt,  nr  wlial  rul  region*  hold 
Tic  tDOTtol  minJ  tlint  hatb  fonoak 
Her  inuiiion  in  tliis  ^ethlf  aook  >— 


DRt'lDtSM. 


concludes  vith   a  description  of  rites  which 
Mcmvd  appropriaUi 


Ta  MoJocb,  horriit  k\9g,  bMnwar'd  witb  blood 
Of  buBUD  iicriScc,  KDd  pkrenU*  IMn  ! 


f  Nor  can  we  accuse  this  account  of  Incon- 
■Latency :  for  the  inconsistency  wu  in  the 
rdigioii  itself.  There  arc  four  beads  of  inquiry 
on  this  subject,  tu  whicli  Ocsor  boa  directed 

Hour  attention. 

■  1st. — llie  religious  tenets,  or  pncticol  doc- 

■  trines  of  tlic  Druids. 

I  Sndly. — Tlie  gods  whom  they  worshipped, 
or  their  celestial  hierarchy. 

3rdly. — Their  rites  aiid  modes  of  worship. 

4thly. — ^Thc  myUiological  tradition  as  to  the 
ongin  of  the  nation. 

(In  briefly  considering  each  of  tliese  sub* 
jects,  we  shall  intersjierse  our  investigation 
with  some  remarks  on  tlic  rescnihlanoo  be- 
tween the  ductines  or  prncticcs  which  we 
may  have  to  describe,  and  those  of  other 
nations. 

Aa  to  the  religious  tenets  of  the   Druids  >— 

■Cmsar  informs  us  that  tlidr  principal  doctrine, 

and  that  which  they  considered  as  the  most 


SS6 


BS8AY   ON 


efficacious  in  subduing  the  fear  of  death, 
MiimatJiig  the  mind  to  virtue,  vos  the  immor^ 
talitf  of  the  soul  and  its  tnuisniigration  KAer 
death.  Tbcy  diridcd  the  whole  of  exiatencc 
into  three  drclcs  or  spticres. 

1.  The  circle  of  space. 

2.  The  circle  of  couTses. 
S.  The  circle  of  happiness. 
The  circle  of  space  vrtu  apj)roprinted  to 

Deity,  and  could  be  alone  pen'aded  by  tits  pre- 
sence. The  other  circles  were  reser\-ed  for 
man :  the  circle  of  courses  as  his  probatioiitfy 
state  ;  and  that  of  happiness  as  his  fiuki  des- 
tination. 

Man's  existence  was  a  gradation  frotn 
Amoom,  the  bottomless  abyss  or  kiwest  dc^Tcc 
of  aniutation ;  through  all  the  intcra>ediatc 
stages  of  animal  life,  to  the  biglicst  stalA  of 
spiritual  being,  next  to  that  of  Godhead.  Hu- 
man nature  was  the  middle  point  in  the  >ca)e 
of  existence,  and  was  termed  the  point  of 
liberty.  As  man  po«sessed  freedom  of  will,  he 
might  attach  himself  either  to  good  or  to  evil.  If 
the  latter  predominated,  after  death  his  spirit 
h;td  again  to  retrace  ita  probationary  counw 
from  a  cert^n  point  in  the  animal  creauon, 


I 
I 


DHUtOISH. 


S57 


I  MJoordiDg  to  its  degree  of  ttupitnde.  In  due 
'  eoorae  of  probstion,  it  agaiit  aninuted  the  hu< 
mmn  ftwiie^  and  Bom«tima  puaed  through 
sevenl  succcMMve  iiidiriduols,  until  it  became 
firmlj-  and  unalttfrabl)-  attached  to  virtue.  In- 
cspable  than  of  rcl<ipsc,  and  no  more  suscep- 
tible of  adrcrsity  or  death,  it  entered  a  higher 
q>here  of  progression  in  the  circle  of  happi- 

^acaa.* 

0  Sach  were  tlteir  sublime  speculation*  upon 
tlie  apirit'i  destination :  but  ire  should  err  ia 
supposing  Uuit  they  promulged  these  doctrine* 

^_  to  the  crowd ;  or  that  the  vulgar  mind  ever 

^•oftred  to  auch  cx&ltcd  views.  Tbo  ferocious, 
or  sensual,  painted  tlie  rcticitics  of  tlie  circle 
of  hainMiie-w  with  the  hues  of  tlicir  own  vi- 
tiate*) itnagiiuition*.  Their  fdinty,  even  in  • 
dlaeoibodied  atate,  ww,  as  Ossiaii  expiease*  it, 
'  to  pursue  boars  of  mist  along  Uie  skirts  of 
winds ;  to  ride  on  ths  tempest,  and  war  with 
the  clouds.'(E) 

H  But  the  Druids,  besides  disputing  about  the 
nature  utd  final  dcstinntiun  of  tlie  soul,  were 


•  For  (a-nhtt  lafoniiklMD  mpccllof  IW  draiiliol  doctrUa 
«f  tiiMiBigritioa,  wc  Turtior'i  VladknUoo,  Ac,  ud  the 
■ttlhoriCiMthtK  cited. 


25B 


£SSAT   OH 


Rocuatomed  1i)cewi§e  to  treat  of  the  nature  : 
power  of  the  gods :  and  this  leads  me  to  con- 
si(l«r, 

2dJy.    llieir  celestial  hier&rcli)r. 

Our  great  authority  informs  us,  that  thm 
principal  deity,  and  him  wliose  power  the; 
deemed  the  greatest  was  Mercury ;  of  whom 
they  had  many  symbols,  Knd  whom  they  war* 
shipped  as  the  inventor  of  nil  arts.* 

Mercury,  styled  by  the  Greeks,  Hennei, 
is  allowed  by  all  oompctcnt  judges  to  be  idtn- 
tical  with  the  Phoenician  god  TaautUJ,  en' 
Taute  and  the  Egyptian  Thoth.  As  this 
widely  worshipped  deity  is  one  of  the 
moat  mysterious  personages  in  snotot 
mytholo^ ;  we  shall  select  a  few  particu- 
lars of  his  liistory,  tending  to  iltostrate  hii 
character  with  reference  to  his  inflnenoc  on 
Druid  ism. 

Euscbius  haa  prcserred  a  fragment  of  s 
work  '  On  the  Creation*  n-rittcn  by  Sancho- 
niathon  u  Pheniciaiii  who  is  supposed  to  hare 
lived  about  three  hundred  years  before  Ho- 


I 


■  Oa  the  (ubject  of  the  BHtiib  ATtrfcntj,  Me  •  vnj  Into- 
t«*Uag  and  eurlout  work  by  lb*  Rer,  W.  L>  BowUi,  csii- 
tied  "  lIcnnM  Uriuiiaicu*." 


0BDI0I8M. 


mer ;  aad  has  the  reputation  of  being  a  roost 
diligent  Korcher,  and  futhful  tnnacnber  of 

B  the  reoords  of  his  country  ;  in  wtuch  Sancbo- 
niaCbon  states  that  Mm  /rat/mmi  woM  origautOif 
written,  by  ITtotk,  vrliom  tie  fttyles,  '  Au  sfod 
TaatituM*  and  whom  he  describes  ' a»  dratnug 

B/Atf  eoiuMlatioiu,  and  invtntiHg  Mtera  b^ore  liu 

■     Man 


I 

I 


Manetho,  an  Egyptian  priest,  and  historian, 
'ho  flourished  about  21>0  years  B.  C^  stales 
that  be  derived  some  of  tbe  materials  of  fais 
history  from  cerlain  colmmu  whicA  were  en- 
graved  in  Ike  tacrrd  dialect,  and  in  kieroglt/phc 
kUen,  Ifjf  That  A  Ihefirtt  Mercury ;  and  qfter  the 
deluffe  Iriaaeriiird  into  books  by  aitotbcr  Thoth, 
tbe  son  of  Agademon.* 

In  a  ChaMaean  MSS.,  translated  by  Ktr- 
diCff  is  tbe  follotring  allusion  to  this  mystc- 
rioiu  peraotiage : 

"Theut,'*  anys  tlie  rabbi,  "  is  styled  by  the 

Greeks    Trismegistes    (or    the    thrico    great 

Hermes)."    Authors    asMit    that    he    nU«d 

over  th«  ^^tians,  vhom  he  famished  both 

'  aiid   laws :   and  that  he  ioi.'entcd 


■  Cthk  RtMutliM,  p.  lOS  el  Ks* 
[p.  46. 


llarsM  BriUBDkMf 


S60 


K»SAT  ON 


alphabetical  cHaratlfrt  i»  the  fifftiret  of  ONimats 
and  Ireet." 

Kumcrons,  and  various  conjectures  Iiave  been 
made  as  to  the  real  clianicter  of  the  individtuJ 
thus  briefly  and  obscurely  alluded  to;  but  per* 
haps  the  most  curious,  if  not  the  most  cor- 
rect, in  tlie  opinion  held  by  Uie  Greek  Chrif 
tiaiis  generally,  wbo,  we  are  informed  by  the 
author  of  the  Universal  History,  "  seemed  to 
consider  tbe  first  Hermes  to  be  antedilmian, 
and  no  other  person  than  Enoch,  who  wallced 
with  God ;"  and  tliat  tiie  pillars  spoken  of, 
containing  the  record  of  the  celestial  and  astn^ 
nomical  knoivledge  were  creeled  by  him  hefore 
thejlood.  The  Greeks  also,  wc  arc  farther  told, 
applied  to  him  the  singular  passage  in  St.  Jude; 
"And  Enoch  also  the  seventh  from  Adam, 
spoke  of  these  things,  saying,  the  Lord  cometh 
witli  ton  thousand  of  his  s^nts '." 

Such  was  the  KgypUan  Thoth  1  the  Greek 
Hermes!  But  ic  may  be  observed,  that,  'al- 
lowing tlic  identity  between  the  Egyptian, 
PhoMiician,  Grecian  and  Itoman  deities,  a  link 
ia  still  wonting  to  connect  them  with  our  Bri- 

■  Euwb.  Prep.  Erad.  Lib.  I,  ■. ». 
t  Celt.  R««.  p.  306. 


mimnac  ^'^ 

■bdi  Xseenrr.'  HebitiiLt'  "iie  svfBojiiiciaL 
tiiwiEs  of  iJm  'ir*'"'"-"  lama  Ttman  ^ua  mit, 
tad  »*"■  iTiinn'***'  ^is  jam  it  HfTTueoce: 
pwwjng  cfuC  Tills  "9'J  lenf  'vai  "zic  'inn— 
efal    obiBa  at    :ae   nusisix   Somu   aaraa- 

Ills  tfc'i*"'"  Banu  '•T'f'imnt  is  se  laier  it 
Ac  three  iriipn^rm^  aiaacen  n'  inecj  uui 
■II  iiiiiiiiif.  " Gvyiiinii  GsBioeiMiL.  dte^nt  imx 
■1  £10  wiHd  mha  isaaipamd  pnorj.'^^ 

Her  iBi  iifiiiii     31.  siuscacr  it  asr  zimfs. 

Tins  mmt  nehtr  noe  is  nrtiwr  ceubnted 
i»"«t^tfejrMf*g7TMMn:  ami  Eiuf^uxT 

And  hxtr,  Tuesa,  ax  cfaoo^  to  dow  this 
fink,  dBuacteroKS  this  mok  m^ctr  sae«  as 
hanng  rrtf'^ihrrd  the  symbolical  wTittI^;  gf 
thedrtdds;  or,  to  aae  hb  own  mTsdcal  lan- 
goage,  "aet  m  order  tie  tkmttUvj  fmv  tmd 

/fa-tors 

Let  ns  nov   retsm    to   these    mysterious 
"  cdL  la.  r^  iM.      :  ifaid.  p.  114. 

t  nU^  r-  tS7-  f  BriL  Dnid«,  p.  »M  >. 


262 


BII8AY    ON 


■tones,  or  pillars,  *  on  which  were  read  the 
Arts  and  Sciences  of  the  World ;'  and  collect  a 
few  scattered  notices  of  their  history,  and  the 
lore  inscrihcd  upon  them. 

These  antediluvian  monamcnts  are  thus  al- 
luded to  by  Josephus.*  The  descendants  of 
Seth,  lest  the  knowledge  of  hcarenly  things 
which  they  had  acquired  should  be  lost,  built 
two  columns ;  one  of  brick  and  tlic  other  of 
stone,  (to  survive  when  the  world  should  be 
destroyed  as  foretold  by  Adam),  on  which 
were  described  their  inventions;  that  in  case 
of  the  force  of  the  rains  destroying  the  brick 
pillar,  that  of  stone  should  remain.  "Those 
pillars,**  Josephus  added,  "remained  in  his 
time  in  the  land  of  Syriad ;  which  commenta- 
tors suppose  to  bare  meant  Egypt,  so  called 
from  Osiris.  It  will  be  seen,  by  a  reference  to 
the  note  at  the  end  of  this  Essay,  that  it  is  pro- 
bable that  these  commentators  (among  whom 
is  the  Revd.  W.  L.  Bowles),  have  come  to  a 
right  conclunon  upon  wrong  premises,  res- 
pecting the  place  in  which  these  pillan  of 
science  were  deposited.  (F) 

Pausanias  states  that  these  pillars  were  coo- 


Iflttorf  «r  the  J<w*,  tbap.  3. 


DBUiDim.  2fi3 

eeakd  in  nibtemnean  chambers  in  the  noiffli- 
bourliood  of  Thebes,  beyond  the  Nile,  ami  iinC 
&r  from  ihe  soiuiding  statue  of  Memii»ii  |* 
iriiidi  account  seems  verified  by  recent  (liwsff- 
ries:  for  Wilkinson  relates,  that  '*in  a  iilinrn- 
ber  of  the  Memnonium,  is  an  astroiKxiiiml 
jRCtnre;  in  the  "hieroglyphics  on  the  iMiriW 
of  which  mention  is  made  of  the  rMumitM,  Hti'l 
of  die  buUding  of  this  chamber  (A  bard  uUum, 
where  apparently  were  deposited  th«  ImkiIis  fif 
TiioUi."+ 

It  only  remuns  now  to  gaUier  \t\t  a  (ow 
frapnenta   of  the  mystical   \iiTt  ii**';rtl/<"t   'rri 
diese  tableta:  and  perhaps  ui'it*:  UtUituthiioii 
on  this  subject  cannot  be  crjinpr«*«wl  int't  U  •• 
space  than  is  done  in  th«   ftfllowinK  -ftiml 
from  the  '  Aittient  UnircTka)  WiMJ/tf.'i     '"Hi- 
most  &mous  of  all  mnn'^iaJ*  wrr*:   it.*  "/ 
l^unns  of  Hermes  in  Ki^'pt,  nt«fit^/iJ^/l   hj  m 
▼end  credible  author*.     Vfii/ii  iiinu  if  i»  i* 
ported  to  have  inscribed    tii«  U^fumr,,  wl>i'lt 
was  afterwards  explain*^  tit/ff.  Ml  1*^^  hj  Hn- 
second  Hermes  in  sererai  t^^/ka." 

■  PauKuiM,  lib.  r,  f.  'It. 

t  Wilkiuoa'*  bcMTi)  \mrw4*.try'  *  ^ 

:  Am.  Cbit.  Him.  VuL  i.  y.  )M. 


264 


RMAY  OM 


It  is  certain  at  least,  ttiat  from  thett  pUiara 
the  Greek  philoMphcrs  and  ICgyptiiui  historians 
took  many  things.  Pythagons  and  PUto  both 
read  them,  and  borrowed  tkeir  ^tUo»opky  from 
thence :  Sanchoniathon  and  Manetho  likewise 
made  uite  of  the  ftaxne  monuments,  which  were 
stitl  remaining  in  the  time  of  I^roclus,  a  pla- 
tonic  philosopher,  who  lived  about  A.D.  505. 
Jamblichus  has  a  remitrkahle  passage  in  his 
book  of  the  Egyptian  Mysteries:  "If,"  aaya 
he,  "  you  would  propose  any  difficulty  in  phi- 
losophy, V!f  wiU  decide  the  matter  Ay  tkott 
aTicienl  columna  of  Hermet;  upon  wfaicli  Plato^ 
and  before  him,  Pythagoras,  fonned  the  prin- 
riplcs  of  their  philosophy,* 

Tlic  learned  Stanley  has  gircn  us  the  follow- 
ing brief  hints  as  to  the  nature  of  the 
Pyttiagorean  philosophy,  which,  it  will  be 
observed,  bears  that  close  re?>cmblAnce  to  the 
DruidicoJ,  which  might  have  been  expected 
firom  the  identity  of  their  origin.  "  P)-tha- 
gorns,"  says  Stanleyt.  "  said  first  that  the  »Ottl 

■  Jaoibl.  Mytl.  EgjFpt.lib.  1. 1. 1. 

t  SiaolF^'i  Lirci  ot  tbc  PlilloMftitn,  p.  407.  Il  !■* 
been  imlnlalnod  by  Rooif  thai  Pjrthiconi  bimaU  wu  ia- 
dtbicil  fur  hi*  taneli  ■■  to  the  iininoilslily  and  tnnunigntio* 
of  th«  nul  10  the  drulih.  [Sec  Botlue'a  Olttof^  (iT  Coa- 
wall  nnd  hli  nuthorftiu,  p.  73.) 


I 


DBUIDUM. 


365 


■n  immortal,  and  then,  that  it  enters  into  other 
kinds   nf   living   creatures ;    or,  as   Diogenca 

H  liacnJuB  ex[)rcs5ctb  it,  that  the  mtul  fKUM-l/i 
Ihrotigh  the  circle  of  ntce»aily,  Kvei  at  tevcrai 
liiHef  i»  different  lirmg  crealum :  he  also  satd, 
that  he  hod  received  this  gifl  front  Mercury  to 
know  the  migration  of  the  soul  as  it  passed 
front  one  hoAy  to  another,  and  into  what 
plants    and    animals    it   migrated,   and   wluit 

B  things  his  soul  suffered  after  dentJi,  and  what 
other  souls  MuKered.''     But  betides  tiiese  vague 

Iijiecutations  cAnceming  the  future  dvxtinntion 
of  the  suul,  it  is  su|)poGcd  lliat  these  columns 
not  only  ciiiituiicd  many  important  truths  in 
science  and  philosophy,  hut  alao  ahadovred  fortlt 

I  some  of  the  mysteries  of  the  reveate<l  relijfioii. 
It  is  the  opinion  of  the  learned,  that  Plato 
drew  from  this  source  his  knowledge  of  tlie 
awful  and  most  secret  nameJeAm-ah ;  and, certain 
it  is,  tliat  among  the  hieroglyphics  engraven  on 
thnc  columns,  was  the  mystical  symbol  of  Uie 
deity,  consistin];  of  a  winged  sphere  and  serpent; 
which  has  been  thus  inter|>relcd  by  Sanchonia- 
than  :  "yot«,"Bay8  he, ''is  a  winged  sphere, 
out  of  which  a  serpent  is  brciuj;ht  forth ;  the 
circle  implies  the  dieine  nature  without  begin- 
ning or  end ;  the  serpent  shows  his  ironrf  which 
VOL.    111.  H 


S66 


■MAT  ON 


animates  aad  fructifies  the  world ;  ai)d  the 
vrio^  refer  to  tlie  i^rit  ^  God,  which  vivifies 
the  world  by  his  motion."* 

From  this  puiwgc  vriten  have  inferred  that 
Hemtes  was  not  unacquainted  vritli  the  doc- 
trine of  tlie  Trinity :  and  St  Aogostine  appUes 
to  him,  and  the  Egyptians  ^nerally,  the 
lan^age  of  St.  Paul,  "  When  they  kaftr  God, 
they  worshipped  him  not  as  God,  &c.  Rom.  i. 
2 1 .  Indeed,  Suidas  expressly  states  that 
Hermes  was  called  Trismegistos,  hecanse  he 
inserted  that  there  was  a  Trinity,  and  tliat  in 
Trinity  there  was  but  one  deity .f 

Bat  to  rctnin  from  the  ^^tians  to  the 
Druids.  There  can  be  little  doubt,  I  think, 
tliat  long  before  tliey  worshipped  Hermes,  they 
worshipped  that  God  whose  religion  he  bad 
imperfectly  revealed  to  them.  Origen  infomis 
us  that  they  believed  in  one  Uod  ;t  and  the 

*  Stt  k  T«rj'  kiirnril  (iitI  inlrmlinir  rMajr  npoa  tht 
Doctlint  of  tbe  Trinity  aF^cailcd  to  the  fint  rtiliiinc  of  llw 
urlf  cditioDi  dI  Strln'*  flora  Sotilarw.  foe  fall  tail 
curioiti  informxtiDn  oo  thf  luhj^t.  Speak  in  ^r  of  Haa 
Kj^iUd  tynibol,  Ihr  anllinr  rrniuds  m  Om  Moui  Uftnl  ap 
the  frfml  is  thr  wildrrnfH  ■■  typical  oT  Ctrvl.-  nad  ihU 
the  iplrii »/  God  ii  repmcntMl  u  brooding  apua  tb«  tt*  of 
the  ntin. 

t  Suid.  in  Toce. 

;  Cilnl  In  Ciiailn'i  lairod.  to  BriUnaki,  p.  M, 


I 


ORU1DI8M. 


»7 


mystic  symbol  of  tii«  winged  serpent,  wliich 
]iM  b«en  preserved  in  the  configuration  of  their 
temples,  seems  to  attest  their  knowledge  of  the 
Trinity.*  It  is  ecrtain  that  they  aLw>  tauglit 
the  immortality  of  the  8oul,t  acknowledged  a 
providence,!  ^nd  believed  that  the  world  would 
one  day  perish  by  fire  ;§  and,  it  is  extremely 
probablC]  Uiat  they  had  some  vugue  notions  of 
the  scheme  of  salvation,  and  of  a  future  day  of 
judgment  ;||  fur  Taliesin,  who  is  styled  in  tlie 
Ttudt,  "  One  of  tJic  three  primarj-  Christian 
Bards,''  alluding  to  his  prrdccesxors  of  olden 
times,  asks,  "  Have  they  not  sun^  of  Christ 
that  waa  crucified,  and  of  tlic  future  day  of 
doom,  and  of  one  tliat  Aos  Ann  endmcfd  with 
Iht  lore  of  the  deluge  ?"% 

Whatever  knowledge  of  the  true  relipon, 
however,  tliey  may  have  onee  possessed,  it 
appears  to  have  soon  dwindled  into  an  obscurfl 
myth  of  the  person  from  whom  it  was  derived ; 
and  tlieir  adoration  was,  iit  later  times,  pidd  to 
the  channel   tlirough   whidi   their   knowledge 

■  Sm  !ilukfl«j*i  kcoouol  <tt  Ahatj, 

t  Borl*M'i  CoroKnU,  p.  lOB,  n. 

I  DorUM**  Cornwall,  p.  93,  B. 

{  LvriD.  lib. ).  *.  *i7. 

f  Mjtholo^of  Bril.DniiiIl,p.9fl,a. 

f  BrlL  Utv.  p.  iti. 

N   2 


SfiS 


KSiAY   ON 


■was  conveyed,  rather  lh»n  to  the  gre&t  source 
whwncc  it  emanated. 

Next  in  order  to  Mercury,  the  Britons 
worshipped  Apollo,  or  the  sun  ;  whom  they 
likm-i-v!  called  Belenus,  or  Bel ;  by  which  name 
he  was  alao  known  to  the  Greeks.  Adoration 
VM  paid  to  the  sun,  it  would  seem,  as  tlic 
symbol  of  an  indiridual  called  Hu,  or  lia 
Gtdam,  in  the  same  maimer  as  this  luminary 
was  confounded  by  the  Greeks  with  the  person 
of  tFicir  God  Apollo.  Tliis  dei6ed  personifioH 
tion  is  thus  described  by  a  Welsh  banl  of  tbc 
fifteenth  century, 

TliF  mi^aj  Dd— 
He  ia  the  grmiW*!,  uxt  IjkA  ura  m. 
And  ou(  (IcxJ  ni  in;>ili>ry  r 
lAgil  h  Ai>  taurtr  »nd  irtft  t 
A  fmriieU  ^tmeitt  tkiMAiKr  u  Au  Air  t 
Beii^TNitauUiiJ  ind  in, 
Tbc  gTTBleU  ■faoiu  I  ihaU  hrfaold— 
Ortairr  tkan  Iki  tearidi — Ld  u*  liciru«> 
or  Miun  JiuiigBitjr  lo'bini  oho  drali  la  boua^  ■ 

And  ^nin,  Ancurin,  n  WeUh  ban!  of  tiie 
sixth  century,  alluding  to  this  divinity,  says^ 

"  And  now  the  lofiy  Iradi-r  Hian,  (/Ae  jwx,) 
M  aimit  to  atcewi ;  the  sovereign  most  glorious 
— Uie  lord  of  the  British  Isle." 

■  Cell.  Rruarchet.  p.  IM. 


DRT'inieu. 


269 


And  among  other  epithets  which  Tnlicnn 
applies  U)  th«  same  deity  ore  tlie  fulluwing : — 

"  The  GUiHciiiff  Hu  !"  "  Tlic  Somreiffn  of 
Heaven .'"  "  The  Glidins/  King  Z"  The  Victorious 
Bcli,  Lord  of  tlie  Honey  Island,  or  Britain  !* 

Let  UK  next  direct  our  enquiries  ils  to  the 
real  character  of  tliis  ancient  and  mysterious 
lindividuid  tliui  symbohzcd  by  tli«  sun. 

ttu  13  >uppo*ed  by  those  who,  by  their  in- 
vtatigations  and  research,  are  best  qualified  to 
gire  an  opinion  on  this  subject,  to  be  nono 
other  than  the  Patriarch  Xoak.  The  deluge, 
with  which  thin  iitdiridual  is  so  intimately  con- 
nected, is  commernonitcd  in  one  of  the  Bardie 
triads,  n*  "  The  /mrifing  of  the  lake  cff  watert, 
and  the  oivnnArfminff  of  the/ace  ^  aJJ  hmiU ;  $o 
that  alt  maniilut  were  droumed,  except  ttro 
mdividuah,  trho  etcaped  ia  a  naked  veuel  trith- 
out  «nU."f  In  another  triad,  the  urk  is  men- 
tioned as  the  ^  fammu  $hip  lehieh  carried  ia 
it  a  mate  and  a  female  of  alt  Hfinj/,  irAra  the 
takr  if  uralfT»  hnrtt  forth'  *\ 

Now  Hu  Gadarn  is  described  aa  living  at 
Uie  flood,  and  as  having  made  mankind  ao- 
quainted  witli  tlie  properties  of  the  Tine,  and 

•Brit.Dru^  p.  IIS,  III.  t  Cdt.  Rml  p.  lU. 

J  Bril.  Dm.  I0«. 


270 


ESSAY    OS 


the  first  principtea  of  bnsbendry.  He  also,  it 
is  said,  instituted  traditional  laira  for  the  re- 
gula^on  of  sucicty,  and  disposed  mankind  into 
various  tribes.  The  prtnci)mt  c))antcteri8tim  oi' 
this  remarkable  persona^  are  tlius  epitomtted 
b]f  the  bard,  Owen  Glcndowcr: — 

Hu  Gidun,  tlM  lOTeKign,  ib«  irtiif  prolcctor, 

A  King  <ll*trlbul{ng  Ihc  wlat,  uiil  llie  miowii« 

7'h4#  Stnptr^r  of  lAt  lum/i  mnd  tht  HMt^ 

Artdtht  ti/t  <ff  ali  tAt  wortd,  vat  ke. 

/fftrr  rtr  itrlugt,  Ar  ittd 

Tlu  itTVKg.htaninl  plintgh,  Mtlr*  and  acaUcBt; 

TIkiii  dl<l  OUT  lard  of  the  tnmHlaling  gniat,  [iriw, 

Tliul  li*  nii^hl  lUfw  (u  tlie  pmud  hub,  •nd  to  Uie  komUj 

The  won  Kpprored  •«.• 

From  these  extracts,  I  think  it  appears  nuni- 
feat  that  Hu  Gadam  ia  but  anotJier  name  for 
No«h;  and,  therefore,  that  Noah  was  wor- 
shipped bjr  the  Druida  under  the  symbol  of 
the  sun ;  and  if  vre  now  adopt  the  plan  to  which 
we  liad  recourse  in  the  case  of  the  British 
Hermes,  aud  recur  to  tlie  great  Egyptian  pro- 
totype of  this  deity,  westudt  find  a  Airther  con- 
firmation of  this  opinion. 

The  nun  was  worsbipix-d  by  the  Egyptiatit 
under  the  personification  of  Osiris,  wiio, 
Plutarch  informs  tis,  was  a  hiubaHdman,  a  Irgii* 

*  'Celt  R«.  IC4. 


DRUIDI831. 


I 


lator,  and  a  zcaious  advocatt  for  the  teonhip  ^ 
the  godg.  Their  mythology  relates  tliat  Ty- 
phon,  or  the  aea,  consfHred  against  him,  and 
that  he  wu  obliged  to  save  himself  by  cntcrini; 
into  an  ark,  or  chest;  in  commemoration  nf 
which  in  after  days, 

Willi  liiiibrrrd  iniheiiK*  dirk 
The  lable-iloled  tontnthttv  hii  tKinMpji\l  nk, 

Aa  though  to  complete  the  parallel,  the  poet 

Tibullus  informs  us   that   Osiris  6rst  taught 

mankind  thf  atltivaiion  ofihe  ime:^ 

primiu 
Docuil  pal!i  ndjunscre  vlieni. 

Itia  true  that  in  the  Grecian  Mytliology 
this  last  piece  of  acrvice  to  mankind  ii  at- 
tributed to  Bacchus;  but  tJiere  ts  morecunncc- 
rion  bctnTcn  Bacchus  and  Apollo  than  might 
at  lirst  he  imagined  :  as  appears  by  the  following 
quotation  from  Lucan,  who  associates  them 
both  with  an  old  aiyth  of  the  deluge.  Tiie 
poet,  Bpcsiking  of  I'arnassus,  says  : — 

Mod*  ^*b4»,   flniniM|nc  mc«(|  enx  uumtit  mitt* 
Ddphicn  Thf  ti(i»  rcfrruBt  trl<Uric«  Euchw. 
Hoc  imlnai  jl<t(lM  (rrru  mttjctnl'  cscuiiwo 
Calnull,  |Kintoqii«  foil  diKrinwn  «  utrii,  4^. 

nitu.  Lii.  T,  p,  73. 

To  Pkttbiu  %aA  Ibt  Mccvil  fod  of  witM, 
Sured  if  comnKto  itaod*  th«  liUI  dirins : 


272  KSSAT   ON 

StiD  M  ibe  third  ra*ahiiif  jrrar  t«mt»  raond. 
The  Umvdtt,  vith  hafy  choflrti  nawnad, 
Th*  rfBBtIr  rfnfjr  In  lolena  *aairi  xfonad. 
WbcB  aVr  IW  world,  lb«  'I'l'^t  mdr  rta  $pn%d, 
ThH  onl;  VMiuMaM  nar'd  iu  lofl/  bead. 

SinguUr  to  say,  tlie  printbood  of  this  very 
PamasKiiu)  Ap»11o,  was  tiereditan-  in  a  family 
vliich  prvtMidi-d  to  trace  it»  wigin  to  Dmea- 
tion. 

To  proceed,  liowever,  iritli  tlie  British  pui- 
t}i«on :— Diana,  llie  Mooii,  or  tlic  Quc<;n  of 
hcaren,  was  another  object  of  Druidic  worship : 
her  devotee*,  according  to  the  opinion  of 
Davies,  which  be  supporta  in  an  elaborate 
dissertation  on  the  lubject,  Tiening  in  her  pale 
crescent  a  reicmbUncc  to  the  ark  of  the 
dehigc*  Besides  these  deities,  Cresar  informs 
us  that  the  Britons  also  worshipped  Mars  or 
Hksus,  Jupiter  or  Taranis,  and  Minerra,  to 
whom  they  asdgned  almost  the  same  attri- 
butes as  those  by  which  they  were  known  to 
other  nations. 

III.  Let  lu  now  proceed  to  consider  a  few 
of  the  rites  and  modes  of  Dmidical  worship. — 

Ttii:  principal  cliamctcristics  of  this  worship 
appear  to  hare  been  their  circular  temfdes,  and 

•  Mfib.  otBtix.  Dnida,  f.  I8A. 


I 


I 


DRUIDI81I.  S73 

coiwecmted  stones;  their  sacred  grows  and 
iMks  ;  their  tioiy  6rex ;  their  absence  of  iiOBges, 
and  Kubstitution  uf  symbolical  idolatry ;  their 
human  sacrifices,  uid  their  magical  supcrsta- 
tiona. 

That  the  Druidx  iind  circular  stone-temples, 
is  proved,  not  only  by  the  testimony  of  lleca- 
t«Bua  the  Abderite  already  quoted ;  but  by  tho 
mighty  monuments  stiU  existing  :— 

M  jvurtout  row* 

Of  tudF,«BOraMUBotwU*kii,  that  riM, 
tirb  wilhia  orb  i  (tuptddous  nioiminiinU 
0(  »n\iM  RnbilrctDre,  mch  u  no* 
Oft  timr*  anikM  the  WMndarlng  tniTtllcr, 
Bj  tbe  put*  moon  diK«rB*d  o*  Skruni'*  plala. 

CI1.   ax    BOItLJitR,  11*. 

That  they  likewise  had  conaecratod  stones, 
we  infer  from  certain  orders  of  councils,  and 
from  a  law  of  Canute  prohibiting  recourse  to 
them.*  These  stone  circles  appear  to  be  of 
patriarchal  origin ;  as  we  may  infer  from  tiic 
Gitgal  uf  Joshua ;  the  name  of  which  signifies 

*  Cullona  IdoloniM,  ivarrafarn  b^Mmii  ■ecniiOTM  fwu- 
laram,  et  (looleotn  lacx  fuoliiim,  toI  ■rborom,  ■4uwm»- 
no*  ut  iftiowanl  qaod  lp«i  m  apaauiica  norti  lattlltlaBt 
^al  dUbolo  tteriiart  (idenlnr. — Coocil  Turin.  A.tf.  hC', 
lUhi.  JodL  VI.  1239.  S«<BorlaM<.  p.  110  M<t  iva.  Sm 
ioth.  i,  10.  I  Sun.,  7  c.  U  r.,  uid  11  c.  16  >..  ud  ^mO^. 
4.  e.  4. 

N  S 


274 


ESSAY  OM 


'  the  circle  j'  wid  which  conxirted  of  twelre 
stones.  Nor  are  we  left  in  ignorance  of  tlie 
purpoftes  for  which  these  hftlloired  precincts 
were  used ;  for  we  leam  that  here  the  children 
of  Israel  kept  the  passover,  and  htrt  judged 
yeBrlj  by  Samuel ;  here  Saul  was  anointed 
King,  and  here  idolatiy  was  subsequentlT 
practised. 

The  consecration  of  single  stones  may  also 
perhaps  be  traced  to  an  cquatlj*  early  ori^ ; 
the  patriarnh  Jacob,  having  anointed  and  set 
up  as  a  monument,  tlic  stone  which  had  served 
him  for  a  pillow  st  Bethel.* 

Another  (i»tvre  in  the  worship  of  the 
Druids,  was  their  sacred  groves,  and  tlie  estt- 
mation  in  which  they  held  the  oak.t  This 
peculiarity  is  so  well  known,  that  we  will  paas 
from  its  existence  to  its  origin ;  which  we  may 
he  certain  was  very  primitive,  from  the  nume- 
rous allusions  in  scripture  to  the  idolatrotts 
practice  of  worshipping  in  groves  and  high 
places.  '  Wc  wili  content  ourselves  by  refer- 
ring to  one  passage,  illustrative  of  the  reve- 
rence which  eaHy  nations  had  for  the  oak ;  and 
which  also  alludes  to  the  consecration  of  single 

•  Lur.  I'liara.  11^  I,  t.  4S0.  rUn.  nil.  lilM.  Libt  svi,  c  M- 
r  BotlBM,  IGI. 


DRClDtaM. 


37J 


I 

I 


stones.  Jo4bua,  hnving  made  «  corenant  v\t\i 
the  people  of  Israel,  "  wrote  it  in  the  book  of 
the  law  of  Go(I>  and  took  a  gntai  ttone,  and  $et 
it  up  there  trnder  an  oak,  thitt  was  by  the  sanc- 
tuary of  the  Lord.''  And  Joshua  said  unlu 
all  the  people,  "  Behold  this  stone  shall  be  a 
witness  unto  us,  for  it  hath  beard  all  the  words 
of  the  Lord,  which  he  spake  unto  us;  it  shall 
be  therefore,  a  witness  utito  you,  lest  ye  deny 
your  God."*  It  is  rather  a  singular  drcum* 
Htance,  that  a  similar  adjuration  of  the  oak 
icseJf,  is  recorded  by  Livy,  as  having  been 
made  by  the  ambassador  of  the  v£qui. 

**  This  sacred  oak,"  »aid  Ute  ambassador, 
pointing  to  one  which  overshadowed  the  gene- 
ral's tent,  "  and  whatever  is  divine  about  it, 
shall  bear  witness  that  the  treaty  is  broken 
by  rou."t 

It  is  not  improTwhIc  that  tlic  abuse  of  these 
patriarchal  icistitutiuns  was  the  lirst  deviation 
from  tlie  true  rchgion.  \^'e  liave  next  to  view 
the  holy  fires  of  the  Druids. 

The  Druids  ohxerved  four  principal  festivaLi, 
connected  with  their  holy  fires.  The  first  wmh 
held  on  Uie  lOtl)  of  March ;  or  the  6th  day 

•  Jotbu,  XXIV,  Sfi  Md  V- 

t  ttaUfmtd  Jnram  at.TtH.  Ur.V  ni.«.  3S. 


r 


376 


ES8AT   OH 


of  the  moon,  nearest  that  which  vns  their  Nev 
year's  day,  aitd  when  tlicy  periorm«d  the  cere* 
moiiy  of  cutting  the  misletoe.  The  second, 
on  the  Ist  of  May;  the  third  on  Midsummer 
eve;  and  the  fourth  on  the  last  duy  of 
October. 

Toland  informs  us  that  two  fires  were 
lundlcd  near  one  another  on  May  eve,  in  erery 
village  of  the  nation,  through  Gaul,  Britain, 
Ireland  and  the  Isles ;  one  on  a  stone  barrow, 
and  another  on  the  ground  adjoining ;  between 
which  the  victims  about  to  be  sacrificed  were 
made  to  pivm,  as  a  mode  of  purification.*  Chat- 
tCTton  alludes  to  this  custom — 

Hm  did  (he  Bniiom  adoniion  iwj-r 

To  the  t*hv  god  whODi  thqr  did  Taurtm  tiaae, 

ItigMyigt Itjf  atlarrt  vilAgrttli  /tfttm  Jtf«<r. 

We  are  also  informed  that  the  people  were 
obliged  to  resort  to  that  kindled  on  the  eve 
of  Zfovembcr,  tor  consecrated  fire  for  tbeir  own 
hearths;  the  domestic  fira  in  every  boose 
having  been  for  that  purpose  first  carefully 
fxtiiij^uishcd. 

Mention  is  frequently  made  in  scriptures  of 
purification  by  cstuing  to  pass  through  the  fire, 


■  Batlai«,p.  us. 


DaUtDIKM. 


m 


I 

■ 
■ 

I 


IS  I  TCty  inacnt  Canasnitisb  rite;  peiteps 
it  mty  be  considered  sa  %  general  tapenlitioo, 
u  it  it  oertkio  that  it  vas  {nactiscd  hy  tli« 
eutiest  inlwbitBntB  of  Rome  tn  the  lirstiral  of 
Pales.*  Tb«  preservstioa  of  tbe  sacred  fire, 
and  difrtributjon  of  it  smon;  the  people,  seems 
to  have  originated  with  the  Persians ;  amongst 
whom  it  in  retained  ercn  to  ttie  present  time: 
for  the  dav  after  their  feast,  (which  is  kept  on 
the  Z4tb.  April,]  the  peupic  estinguUh  all  their 
domestic  fires,  and  go  to  tbe  phcsts'  residence, 
and  there  light  a  candle,  paying  tbe  priest  a 
fee  of  six  sbiUiogs  aiid  tliree  pence  English 
money  .t 

Anotlier  striking  diaraoteristic  of  the  Onu- 
dical  religion  was  the  absence  of  image 
worsltip.  It  is  probable  that  tlic  history 
whidi  Herodotus  ^ves  uf  the  progreu  of 
Persian  superstitions,  is  applicable  to  those  of 
the  BriUms.t  '  Tlie  Persians,'  sap  be,  '  first 
worshipped  an  invisible  being,  calliitg  the 
whole  circle  of  the  heavens  tlteir  god)  and  not 
confining  him  within  the  boundsofany  temple; 
tliey  next  wonbippcd  the  aun  and  moon,  and 
Tisibic  otiJcetH  of  nature ;  and  they  lastly 
worshipped  the   gods   of  otiier  nations :   but 

*  Nicl'Ukr'i  Hi>l.  of  Ko««,  toL  )•  p.  ^K,  Ummt. 
t  Horlue,  147.  ;  Ibrod.  Clio.  Ul. 


27S 


SRSAT  OS 


they  never  consented  to  adore  gods  of  iiuninD 
form.'  So  the  ancient  Dnitds,  wlten  the  spirit 
of  devotion  bcg&n  to  flap  her  Und  wings,  utd 
could  no  longer  soar  to  the  heights  of  spiri- 
ttud  wonhip  and  adore  *  being  whom  tbe^ 
■eknowledged  by  tbeir  roofless  temples  could 
be  circumscribed  by  walls,  worshipped  tite  sun 
and  moon  ant  intermediate  objects  with  which 
tlieir  senses  could  hold  communion  and  which 
they  invested  with  a  symbolical  character. 
They  next  worshipped  the  oak  denuded  of  its 
foliage  and  with  two  limbs  extending  like 
arms  and  the  word  Tau  inscribed  on  the 
trunk,*  as  the  representative  of  tlieir  Jupiter ; 
while  some  unhewn  stone  was  the  symb<^  of 
Mercury.t  In  their  further  dq^adaiion  too, 
they  may  have  adopted  the  gods  uf  other 
natioMS;!  yet  it  was  a  principle  of  the  Celtic 
religion,  not  to  represent  any  of  their  gods  by 
the  human  figure — 

BOB  mlgali*  netBla  Sfarit 

NdUM*  *k  MCUOBt 

LOC.  MiAKt.  L  III.  41ft. 

■BotlMelOe. 

t  -^  SiatiiUcraqiM  sMiU  ikoraB 
Arce  cucnt,  CBiu^iu  nusi  iATomiit  uvnelk. 

Zw.  PUm.  in.  tlZ. 

{  PUUrcfa,  (in  Mutio!  infomu  ni  Ibal,  ■ome  of  ikr  GsNh 
(■«r«  l»  th«  obMmace  ot  nruia  uliclci  gf  ofjtNlattoa 


BBciBint.  S79 


Ain4*— '  SeMmit  of  DnudBol  sapendtion 
vas  Aeirpn^iEitTof  haman  &fr;  vfaidi  tbcf 
iBcrifieed  to  tfacir  godi  ■Iteueier  tbeir  om 
five*  vere  in  pcfil,  eitlier  from  "^^^"■■j  or 
horn  war.  It  ii  s  imgiibr  diing,  wtd  one 
wiiidi  pahap^  more  titan  any  other,  shows  the 
wtaknem  of  oar  iHtm^  and  the  inadequaer  of 
*"■■""  iiiHMi  to  sopplr  the  place  of  diTine 
rrtl"**™'!  tint  tins  moot  reroiting  pnctiee 
WBsdie  loaAt  of  a  Use  appfication  of  these 
ptiociplca,  taA  in  itself  rabtimelf  trae :  first 
a  oonnctiaa  that  dearth  itsdf  is  no  evil; 
•eemdly,  a  pet  suasion  that  l™"**"  Me  is  so 
deartn  lliegods,  as  to  be  their  most  gntefnl 
oUatioo  f  and  bsth-,  that  life  eonld  only  be 
redeemed  by  Iife.t  Sncfa  were  the  rif^t 
premiaea,  as  we  learn  from  Cesar,  br  which, 

MfO*  s  l»m™  ktf/  tat  it  M  ctMcm,  rm*  the  MM*  of  wt* 
M  lh>I  iwt^  th«  itw  vaalsrdfB  iM,  Mat««!»Ur«( 
^T^tiB  orisB  iapRtrii  br  ihr  Gnwk  Cukmj  M  JUv- 
■eOlcL 

•  S(c  AVnT*  b«  kMi  m  iIm  pnaofit.  .halkUaa 
CBfitd  ra>*h«a(  ■■  MxmJ  caM%  'tawur  <&•  rt^tmflttm 
•<  te-wa  V  *^  <*"  A(«r  (H  Bwi  ■•  aOw  y  Ut  trmg 
Iri/lfJ  with. 

t  IV  mAot  af  tkc  ■  fwiy  «•  iW  TriiiH','  •>  •*!(■ 
wfcfwJ  ta.  t»iwlrn  Ak  bwrii  r>»  •<  Wbm  jMaofaii— 
•  einTifti>«   «(  tW   vrifiMl  friawiyfe  of  nfigia^  thw:. 


2S0 


KHSAV    ON 


through   a  kind  of    rcli^oos    inmnity,    tltey 
arrived  at  such  fatnlly  wron^  conclusions ! 

TIlC  cruel  nte  of  human  immolation,  Boriasc 
proves  to  have  bocu  practised  by  tJie  Persitns, 
u  welt  as  almost  all  tlic  other  nations  of  inti* 
quitf.  Lnstly,  wc  would  conclude  this  part  of 
the  subject  by  abnct'allusion  touncor  tvo  &iii- 
gaUr  ca^toms  in  the  wor&bip  and  divinations  o( 
the  Druids.  Tltey  liad  a  custom  of  lualung 
three  gyrations  in  their  rcli^ous  exercises;  and 
sometimes  of  carrying  lighted  torcties  and 
xacred  fire  round  tlicir  temjilct,  by  way  of  lus- 
tration. This  custutn  still  prevails  in  iho  He- 
brides. *  In  the  Scottish  isles,*  says  a  wriier 
quoted  by  Borlase,*  'the  vulgar  never  come  to 
die  ancient  sacrificing,  aod  firc-lialloving 
Kanis,  but  tliey  walli  three  times  round  lUem 
from  east  to  tetat,  according  to  the  course  of 
the  Bun.  Pliny  observes,  that  the  Gauls  tanied 
round  in  worshipping  irom  right  to  left ;  con> 
trary  to  the  Itomnn  custoon,  which  \vbs  from 
left  to  right  ;i'  but  in  accordance  witit  the 
precepti  of  Pythagoras ! 

The  Druids  too,  had  a  particular  reverence 
for  the  place  where  two  roads  crossed ;  as  ap- 

•  DorUM.  p.  130. 

t  riin.  Nut.  Hi>l.  lib.  28.  C.  8.  Hid  StMlry,  f.  41S. 


iiBiiiDinL  2.<*£ 


I  liam  KL  a&fZ  it  ^fsna^  wincii  auroa^ 
tbcn  df  liTTufTimr  ttieir  m  i  f  i  i  mch^  ic  nusi. 
I.*  That  this  niwnnnun  Tnii  n^  tctt 
It  oriciti  3fipeir>  irrmi  '±e  tiacmnnT  it 
Ac  prophet  E^uei.  vhu  rccniris  ^ac  -  die 
En;  at  BHbyion  xntiii  se  dit;  Tur^ne  it  che 
«n,  tt  the  head  it  ^le  ^^'i  ways,  oi  -ue  irTi- 
aacioa:^)'  xod  ftiriaae  fUalKs  aaC  die  'mscani 
mQI  pteraileit  in.  CumwaiL  wben  he  wnte. 
(An-  ir*®-. 

Hartn;  thus  hrierfy  and  impeniectly  de- 
loibed  a  uv  at  the  [■'ajfrnif  reacjrea  oc  Dmiti- 
isaa ;  ami  tnccd  she  smilaraj.  antijondn; 
sfanoet  to  ideotiCT'.  bet  ■>  ecu  Kv«ral  m'  ciieir 
iBTtfasaniicastams.  ami  thi^Mut  other  noEi-jDs; 
we  will  nnw  eiu^iire  whether  ccis  mTiteritjus 
rEscmblaoee  aa  be  rendered  at  all  expliirable 

4tfalT. — ^The  mytholagicftl  traditioa  o£  the 
DrakU,  as  to  the  origin  of  their  natioQ.  The 
Draids,  Caesar  intonns  ua^  were  Tcrr  anxious  to 
inculcate  their  descent  from  Dis  ur  nuto. 
The  better   to   preaerre  this   tradition,   they 

*  VcaiKi  ^  aIiq<iM>  k>c«m,  id  tat,  al  foam,  nrl  aJ 
lipidn,  *d  ad  nhona,  tsl  ^  tnu.  cl  ibi  aiU  M>4rlui,  aul 
ftnUn  pro  nnrnuoBC  loci,  iDwwliiti. 

Bmnkmr^i  CtO.  Curnm.  Krytirr,  K. 

I  E«kiel,zzLn. 


283 


ESSAY   ON 


calcutftted  their  periods  of  dme  by  the  number 
of  nigktj,  nther  th&n  that  of  da^t.  Tlus 
costom  is  still  retuned  by  tlieir  derceitdants, 
the  Welsh ;  who  call  a  week,  wyth  mm  eight 
nights ;  wid  a  forXnig/U,  pythewnot  fifteen  nighu. 
FluEo  was  considered  by  the  Greek  mytbolo* 
gist*  as  the  king  of  the  loieer  regitnu :  by  which 
loaUity  ooramentatora  understand  the  wliole  of 
EUkrope,  which,  lying  to  the  west  of  Asia,  roust 
have  appeared  to  the  Asiatics  who  saw  the  sun 
descend,  not  only  as  loicer  regions :  but  Uke> 
wise,  as  the  realms  of  Pluto  are  represented, 
tkt  land  <tf  thada  and  dartae*$.  Now  this  is 
precisely  that  poruon  of  the  earth  which  was 
allotted  lo  Jsphet ;"  who,  therefore,  is  supposed 
to  hare  been  identical  with  the  mythological 
personage  Dis.  Again,  the  peculiar  worship- 
pers of  Dis  were  the  Cimmerians  :  and  one  of 
the  names  by  which  be  was  known  among 
them  was  Ades ;  which  is  the  name  of  the 
acknowledged  patriarch  of  the  UauLs,  from 
whom  the  /Edui,  a  principal  and  most  ancient 
tribe  of  Oaul  and  Brilaiu,  derired  their  origin 
and  appcllation.t 

■  Sm  isirodactioa  M  ClkMia**  CwmJin.  p.  Hi  sri  CdL 
ftM.p.  I4S. 
t  Set  C*iik  lln«>rcb««.  p.  1C7,  wu)  Ike  (Blborilki  Ikw* 


DRrtDlfiM. 

Leaving  Japhet  in  possession  of  tline 
honours,  we  will  descend  a  step  lower  i— 
Tosepliua  stales  Uiat  the  ancestor  of  the  Uault 
"<w  Celu  was  Gomer,  tlic  son  of  Jnjihetj* 
whose  name  is  prcserrcd  in  the  notional  ap- 
pcllatton  of  the  Welsli  Cymri;  Uto  nillcal 
letters  of  which  are  siinilar.t 

Ooiner  is  scknuwlctli^d  by  nil  to  hari  bMll 
Uie  father  of  the  Cimmerians:  of  wliaifi  Wt 
know  the  following  particulan.  The  Ctinm»« 
liann  were  a  nation  of  very  high  antiquity,  atiil 
mentioned  lijr  Herodotuti  J  ns  resiilini[  (o  )Iip 

K  north  of  the  Euxinc  sea ;  whence  a  •mall  iiottloti 
of  them  were  driven  by  the  Scytblani  Inlif 
Asia  Minor,  about  650  B.  C  t  and  (he  rvinaliiilar 
migrated  to  the  extremitim  of  tlir  nirili,  iiwar 
lb«  North  sea.  Ilietr  descends  nti,  a*  ws  1mm 
from  Plutarch  and  other  antbora,  w«ra  tAttf 
VBrda  indiscriminately  called  ('imlifUtta,  itt 
Cimmeriuis,  Qids,  nd  Cells  t  ibt  d««i(natbiri 
Cimbrians,  bOQg  properly    tli«  fMOfifl    '•'"<> 

im  Mt  OoMtraai  tm  A>dW»M««,  *vm  tin*  »•»«• 


,  OdBM  piMM  taUUiMM. 


1  See  IW    (wrflcal 
tCWu. 

:  ato.  i«3. 


ttuu>t»m>t,f  It*. 


r 


28-1 


ESSAY   Off 


and  the  appellations  Gauls  and  Celts,  the  dis- 
tinctive  names  of  two  different  branches  of  the 
original  family.* 

A  ajngnlar  mode  of  tndng  the  erratic  move- 
ments of  this  nomadic  race  has  been  hinted  at 
by  the  author  of  Celtic  Kesearches,  whicli  is 
certainly  curious  and  plansible,  if  not  correct; 
namely,  by  marking  the  progress  westward  of 
the  name  Vcneti.  The  Celts  or  Cimmerians 
bad  such  a  partiality  for  this  name,  that  they 
seem  to  have  left  it  as  a  monument  of  their 
cxistenoc,  and  a  clue  to  their  wandering.  It 
will  not  be  surprising,  tlicrcfure,  the  Cimme- 
rians haviitg  settled  awhile  in  the  north  of 
Asia,  to  6nd  a  tribe  of  the  Ven^ti  in  I'apbla- 
gonia.  Tliis  trtiic  wc  arc  enabled  to  track  to 
Italy;  where,  as  might  have  been  expected,  we 
aext  rccognixe  the  name  Venvti  on  the  shores  of 
Che  Adriatic.  A  little  further  westward  we  find 
the  Veneti  on  tlic  coast  of  France  as  a  tribe  of 
Armoricans :  and  their  common  origin  with  the 
Vcneti  of  Itidy  has  been  satisfactorily  tr^red 
by  M.  Mahc.f  Having  arrived  so  near  home, 
it  only  rcutains  to  connect  the  Armoricana  and 
the  ancient  Britons ;  which  ta  not  difficult,  as 

■  Diod.  Sic.  lib-  T.  c  3S- 

I  Sec  ADl)i|inW«  dn  HorMhtp,  p«r.  M«n*.  Vtht^ 


i 


I 


l)R(;iDI8». 

tlietr  affiiut)r  is  proved  hy  the  tradition  und 
hiHtorics  of  both  nations,  and  hy  the  relics  oTa 
common  langusgc  and  religion.  Indeed,  the 
sssiatancv  whicli  the  Britons  administered  to 
thinr  allies,  the  Vifteti  of  Gaul,  furnished  Ceesor 
with  A  pretext  fur  the  invusiun  of  Britain. 

If  we  now  rtftnice  our  »t«ps,  and  assume  tliat 
tlie  doctrines  of  the  Druids  originated  witli  tlie 
descendants  of  Qoiner,  we  are  entitled  to  ex- 
pect some  relics  of  the  true  religion.  Oomer 
had  lived  long  with  his  father  Japhet,  and  hwl 
prohahty  leamt  from  him  all  the  nutcdiluviiui 
lore  which  Noah  cuuld  impart;  and  which,  pro- 
bably, embraced  those  mpteiiuuK,  but  sublime 
truths  allegorized  by  Tlioth,  and  referred  to  in 
tlte  book  of  Job,  m  that  wtiich  wise  men  have 
Item  Mil  front  ttu-ir  fathm  unto  tr/tom  alonf  the 
tartk  wtu  ffircH  *  Heiioe  the  dim  reflex  of  re- 
TeUtiun  which  we  have  noticed. 

This  religion,  it  would  be  natural  to  suppose, 
would  be  tinctured  with  patriarchal  custoiiiit, 
such  OS  prevailed  in  Chalilm,  before  the  scfua- 
ntion  of  tlie  sons  of  Nunli ;  accordingly  ut 
<haTO  remarked  in  tlte  druidinl  circle*  and 
anointed  stoiiCK,  a  resemblance  between  their 
riles  of  worxliip  and  those  of  the  iwlriarch*. 

As  the  knowledge  of  the  antediluvian  world 


'  Jot),  <hip.  sv.,  r.  ISMdl). 


lAV    ON 

hBd  been  collected  tuid  preserved  by  some  re- 
nowned iiidiriduai,  it  is  not  surprising,  that 
when  their  religion  was  debased  hy  idolatry, 
that  iiidiTidual  should  Iiave  been  the  chief  ob- 
ject of  their  wor3hi|>;  nor  is  it  auq>nMng  Uist 
the  liero  of  the  deluge — the  great  progenitor 
of  the  renovated  race  of  mankind,  atiU  grand- 
father  of  tlieir  more  immediate  ancestor  Gomer, 
should  have  been  associated  with  htm  in  their 
idolatry :  accordingly  we  have  found  tliat  Mer- 
cury, or  the  antediluvian  Thotli,  was  their 
principal  deity ;  and  that  next  to  him,  tliey 
worshipped  ApollOi  whom  we  bave  identified 
with  Xonli ! 

Again,  we  might  ha^-«  expected  t)i«t  aAer  the 
separation  of  the  koiis  of  Xoah  took  place, 
whose  descendants  were  the  inheritors  of  par* 
ticular  blessinga  and  curses,  they  would  have 
been  anxious  to  coninieniontte  their  ancestor, 
and  to  distinguish  him  from  his  fated  brethren : 
we  Iiave  accordingly  found  that  Uie  Druids  in- 
cuUated,  as  a  tenet  of  particular  importance, 
their  descent  from  Uis  or  Japbet;  and  pre- 
served  the  name  of  Gomer,  his  son,  in  the 
generic  appellation  Gomerians^  Cimmerians,  or 
Cymric,  by  which  the  Welsh  distinguisti  them- 
selves at  the  present  day  ! 

It  only  remains  to  eiplain  the  resemblance 


288 

of  numy  other  foreign  superstitions  i  probaUy 
muntained  a  degree  of  purily,  whicli,  undw 
other  pi rcum stances,  it  would  have  lout :  fi)r 
Cesar  informs  us  that  the  Gauls  themsdve*, 
vho  wished  to  become  more  perfecUr  ac> 
quftinted  with  any  of  ita  myKteriea,  applied  to 
Britain  for  instruction.  In  llie  course  of  time, 
howercr,  it  beoune  sadly  adulterated  with  llie 
idolatrous  usages  of  other  natioas ;  to  wlitch  we 
must  attribute  the  groxt  aiid  anomalous  incon- 
gruities which  it  presented  i»  late  yean.  In 
panicDlar,  vre  may  imttnnce  the  admixture  of 
tl>e  impurities  of  Babylon,  famed  for  her  c»- 
chantmenta  and  dinnations,  which  so  soon 
sullied  the  patriarchal  strt»m ;  and  which  is 
easily  Bccountrd  for  wltcn  we  remember  that 
the  PlMcnicians,  whose  religion  was  a  conecn- 
tiation  of  all  tliat  was  most  offcosirc  in  Sabiaa 
supentition,  were  the  earliest  iliscovcrcrs  of 
Britain :  of  whom,  indeed,  ancient  poems  pre- 
aerre  an  obscure  tnulition  that  they  arrimd  in 
a  PhaeniciAn  ship  on  the  ooost  of  ComwaQ, 
importing,  among  other  things,  a  new  ret^ion 
in  exchange  for  their  freight  of  tin.*     Tin  for 

>  Siiir«  vrliUi  die  lanftiti^  »*—7,  I  !■■••  f  iumJ,  *IiIi 
■  (real  dnl  uf  jilrnMirc,  Ikr  trroril  rlmpUr  at  iW  Pi«i>- 
Ual  IliiUirjr  of  Kattmnd,  inMlnf  ot  Uw  MMMtf  at  RtBglm,  t 


I 
I 

I 

I 


BBUISISM. 


3S9 


drom  wsi  not  «a  batpprapnaa  cmbleni  of  ti»e 
eidangg  mde  6aa  time  to  bme  br  oar  poor 
sncnton;  bat  lufipOy  tbdr  dross  bu  al  last 
been  oonverted  into  gold ;  or  that  vbicb  is  nxire 
precKHU  Aan  even  fine  goU  !(B) 


carlieT  peml  voald  piiMili  ksn  ietuiri  nc  froa  tkc 
rraaecBiM  of  ■;  lahovi^  favi  doa  dm  Bike   ■«  nym 


VOL.  III. 


NOTES. 


lA). — TAOi  164. 


t-nClltr  *XD  KOBKB. 


LucAit'*  works  awm  to  lia*«  fawn  veiy  higbljr  oteniied 
by  ODf  Britisli  Polybiat,  Duik*  1  "  But  wkat  » liberty," 
Bsks  that  (irofounil  BtalMntMi, "  without  wUdom,  witbau 
Tirtuc!  It  !■  the  fircutcit  of  all  piwulilc  f^iU;  for  it  U 
fotlr,  rice,  and  niiiilacM,  wiihont  loilion  ot  rcMnisL 
Tboec  wku  know  what  virtuuui  liberty  i*.  oaniiot  bear  to 
ate  It  iliiffmccd  by  incapable  heatla.  on  accouiit  of  tbeti 
luiving  blgh-wuDdiog  wonb  ia  thnr  4i>oiilli».  Grand 
ewelliag  aeotimetit*  of  Iib«ny,  I  am  lurc  I  do  not  de- 
rive. 1'bry  imnii  the  bran ;  thn'  enlargv  and  Ubenliu 
oer  miniila  t  l^^y  aaimat*  our  coamgt  io  a  time  of  con* 
Itict.  Old  Of  /  *m,  t  nad  Iht  Jim  rajuAtr**  »f  Laeoa  and 
Cormilk  tnlA  ftttumn."  RrllactioM  ou  IIm  French  tl«- 
Tolutioa~Tnc.  Ann.  xri.,  17.  SMalaoUarptiy'Blraii*. 
laliiMi  and  nott. 

Butkc'a  (iuailiarily  with  I.Dcan'*  iniliiitn,  further  ap- 
pvara  by  Us  adoption  of  tbi*  poci'i  vcbcmcst  Ui^uaee  to 
•xpna*  Ut  own  bnrt'readiiig  affiiction.  at  ibc  beitnie- 
mnil  uf  hla  ton,  "  Human  nrrowing  is  too  Umitrd," 
mkI  he.  "(00  h«dgnl  in  by  the  iotirtniiXKiM  of  aatuitj 
and  the  calli  of  lifr,  for  ibr  ^imIimm  of  ludi  s  loss.  1 
could  alnmtt  cxcium  with  Uiniclia,  when  abe  bewaiM 
INjiujwy. 


'  Twpt  mod  pail  U  Kla  ixa  pan*  Mmt-' 

*TM  Tilt  DIH  «BHlI  lilt  at  (TM  kMw. 

fPUn.  t».»,».l«U    £tfi^jr<rbBtflAnl.  If.  M. 


KftTW. 


tPI 


I 


I 


PVDUIR**  PANBOT^IC  ON   LDCAm'I  rSASUtU. 

Among  ftll  the  irriten  of  antuiaity,  nono  ever  poar- 
Mftd  nMtital  or  noral  grandtttr  with  tuch  a  bold  Bad 
BsMerlj  liaad,  u  Lucan.  Tlic  user  o(  AchiUci,  m 
dfMliM  l>y  Hcnun,  ii  itie  pevvUhiicM  ot  a  chilJ.  or  the 
■imIiu-m  of*  Iwlljr,  (oiupunl  «tlL  tbe  imtiallUe  mi^t. 
iIm  teinb(«  artltily.  of  CarMf't  aaul  ;  "  intolcnwt  of 
/Ml,*  Migliting  to  pave  bit  way  with  ruini.t  and  think- 
ing noililiiK  iloii«,  while  Mif(ht  romnincd  U  be  done!**! 
When  i(ta|>t  in  a  plebeian  cloak,  he  lap*  at  the  fitber- 
niMi'a  coUafe  door,  how  dM»  the  greatBCM  of  bia  mvI 
bunt  Ihroogh  hii  diagiuM,  and  hia  pnaoety  promue*  belie 
hi*  beggar'*  garb!$  and  whm  cacoaiiteritig  all  (be  furr 
of  a  tcrapcitoon*  atn.  buw  doe«  bia  daring  afiiit  rite 
above  the  «tonut||  "Vht  vtrulitf,  ai  well  u  uDWT«rinI 
•rtitjtjr  of  bia  minil,  is  abo  well  nhibited,  when,  after 
the  ba:ile  of  Plmrtatia,  he  ihrowa  off  Ibe  csdMnent  «kd 
Umnil  of  amUtioD,  and  npatiataa  on  Ui*  btaatiful  an- 
ttqsitieaof  Th>y  sH  and,  again,  whaa  atnU  all  Ibr  vulop- 
iBOMiDwa  of  Cleopatra'*  court,  ha  larai  from  ihc  b<uiq|iict 
10  wiiBte  bb  Ihint  fiir  knowMge ;  and  qiMatiooa  the 
•oam  of  tbe  Nile,  aad  beg*  to  be  inilracted  in  the 
Bt^Maita  and  rrligioa  of  Egypt  I**  Such  it  C«Bar. 
■a  tocribttl  by  Ihe  puct  i  but  «bat  aball  vc  aay  of 
Cwo  f  Chmt  aetnitd  laperior  to  ihf  elenenlt ;  bat 
CMo  triuinpha  ovcx  fkXt  I  la  Coto,  Lucao  baa  gitea  a 
reality  to  the  dicania  of  pocta,  and  a  life  to  Ihc  viaioaa  of 

•  ~  Nvaquu  pUlm  pKli,  Ac-'-Tttmn  It,  •-  (M>. 

(  "ftodMiqw  (Un  ItflHt  niliu."— LIU  („  IM. 

I  -  NU  atUUB  tndnu,  dum  igulil  lu^Tmcl  ■((Wlaai."— tL*.  NT. 

iDdtivUlipflitUtniiil."    w,i.i»e.~\\t4fm<,nit^.} 
I  nun.I..>.«MtcU.uta. 

k  Fbm.  n.,  1.  IM,  M  aaq. 

o  S 


399 


Norsa. 


|>lti1o«ophere.  Htm  did  uniiiipircd  pen  draw  a  cbaracicr 
of  inch  monJ  gmidHu— luch  m^cM;  of  •oal '.  With 
wti*t  propriety  doc*  Lmcwi  inlrodoce  the  loikr  to  him  >t 
midnight;  nvolving  public  cam  in  kia  minil  upoa  his 
riecplos  pitlow ;  "  fearful  tor  otlMn,  but  not  for  himtdfi"* 
like  one,  who.M  beeipfeMM  It,  dMOM  hia  life  gi*«a  U« 
■'  not  for  himwir,  bat  for  iht  worM  <**t  His  tfiwdi  m 
the  Oracle  of  Jupiter  Ammao,  t»  tuch  a  tpeecb  M  Dem 
oracle  fct  gave  d  and  a  more  mblime  picture  mw  nner 
aketcbtd  hj  a  jmci,  than  Cato  pumiof;  hia  drwadfol 
march  through  tlie  I.ybian  dfacrt;  niA  ordering  his  uiqt 
forward,  but  IrndinK  lliem)  uid  atandinic  patiently  with 
re*ored  lipi  at  th«  n*w-fonnd  well,  until  the  mtanot 
(oldief  had  drunk,  before  he  slaked  hia  own  bunini; 
thirst.$  Yas,  noble  poet!  thew  two  cbatactcra  of  Ihiao 
^-aketcbed  with  rrquBl  boldnns  and  discriiuioalian,  and 
tolotired  so  glowioglT  and  ao  gorGCousIy.  vibibitinfl  the 
mightf  mind  of  CR»ar,  and  the  maicaiic  loul  of  ('aioj 
the  one  gnupins  the  world,  and  the  other  KMuing  aboie 
h;  the  one  a  hero,  and  the  other  a  dttaigod;  make  alt 
the  characters  of  llooiec  dwindle  into  men ! 

"Die  poet  having  thoa  excited  our  astoniahnwnt  at 
Cvuir.  and  onr  admiration  of  Cato,  trin  anothct  chord 
of  humnn  paisioo  on  behalf  of  Pompcf ;  namely,  our 
•ympDthy  :  and  bis  introducing  him  ander  the  oooBpariioti 
of  a  dismantled  tree.  Hied  in  its  own  aagatt  dimnuions, 
nithuugb  denuded  of  it*  glory,  effectually  bnptaka  it.l| 


•  tmtnli  iirwinnl  mlTrnUin  potiUeaevra 
VUs  Tlruui.  LiiuMtuc  UrMi.  nunlkqai  H 
MfenranqiH  tui- 


HMt*  Ml,  mn%rt  Dioclum,  Aoa^n* 
WsniMHae  laqut.  putrUrqu*  InpnA 


■t 


U.T.  SM 

t  tib.  U,  T.  ML  I  Idaih.  (.  M?. 

I  lA.  I.  T.  m.    Sn  Blklr^  r*tti>tu  w  Udi  (Mk.  oal  Mtar  rw*" 
,  Mtb<  psia.  Id  hli  licturu  uii  iIh  B<Ua  iMInt. 


MOra»> 


tn 


Lnt  till*  thort  lind  fetMog  shoulil  UopiUb,  b(  revit**  it 
again  with  a  tDMt  touching  (lMcrl|>tion  or  Rome'*  idol 
leavinK  Italy  ;  wbllc  hla  paUrD*)  •hum,  and  indittiect 
aountBin*,  TaniiJi,  irrrvocabljr  raniib,  front  tiu  wghti 
mad  B>  hi*  wtnry  tyta  cloM,  tb*  iktitful  nuoa  of  bis 
deotawil  eoa*ort  appcaia  lo  Um.*  Acain  tbe  pact 
thiom  a  veil  of  conjugal  tcndcnieu  qvm  bii  woahana  j 
and  dia"i  a  waU  affeclini;  kcdc,  wIico  ho  contciapllitra 
ttBOriog  Cornelia  to  a  d)*t«itc«  ftmn  thu  borron  and 
dangara  of  civil  <rar.f  Nor  ■>  it  th*  bait  ingtaiou* 
atrokc,  mhm,  on  ilie  ere  of  the  fUal  eonSict  of  Pbar* 
•alio,  bo  draama  of  tiia  Comer  froatnraai  and  in  hia 
•Inniber*  aetma  agaia  to  btat  tho  |)UDii««  shouta  of 
CCDWded  theatres,  and  again  to  taatc  tbe  Bloriea  of  bia 
fctner  tiiumphi '.;  How  ««11  doea  this  uslier  in  iba 
aad  HJtnt  oT  fottone  j  wbich  leave*  bcr  late  bvourite  a 
raiiMd  eiile,  pal*,  aad  cartwora ;  hit  while  baira,  aad 
madial  Ttei,  dwfigiired  with  dti>t!$  I  ahall  Mtnotict 
hu  treaebaioua  death,  or  aimplc  fuaeral  ritn  i  u  poetry 
could  add  nodiing  to  tlio  |<aibua  of  a  fate,  wbicb  drew 
tears  from  the  cyea  ol  hii  n*nl  Caiar. 

In  all  tlivM  iiutancu,  Lucnn  baa  wiarif  ^pealtd  to 
our  comtnlMntioa  >  knowing  that  Ponpey.  bting  naUlittr 
ao  gnat  aa  OaMr,  not  ao  good  aa  Cato,  jret  uercrthebaa, 
great  and  good,  had  no  tocji  claima  oo  out  wouder  or 
admiration  i  aud.  thrrcforr,  muat  *pf>(«l  to  our  ayoa* 
patby. 

Socb  are  the  principal  choracten  in  the  pOMn ;  and 
certaialf  tbe  puct'a  labours,  aa  be  niadetllf  cxproMea 

•  Lik.  III.  (b  inuio. 

t  Dai  tont  amiiliiu  (tcrtdiiB  Ceioala  iwl* 
retail,  «t  i/rtnl  txill  Mcula  (rala  MariU  i 
■iHDMiH  mliw*  ttr>*>,  ptnanaqaa  c 


:  lA.iiti.  1.7  n  wn. 
t  m.  nil.  t.  U. 


Uk.  t.  w.  W. 


ea 


S94 


NoTn. 


it,  have  not  fnilcil  in  coDtribadng  tbcir  meed  Ui  tbCM 
frtaX  u&mcB,*  Bui  tlitre  h  yet  aaotiiti  dnwn  is  tiidi 
>  *pirit«(i  m&nQcr,  lh«l  it  ckiut  not  be  onitUtl ;  and  Ibu 
U  the  dopcmtc  nod  Tcniooui  ScK*as  whoM  pradipOM 
lt».U     of   iftluut   equal    uif    of   tltOM   perfor«fd   hj 

BMidn  tlicBp  eliunu'tcn,  however.  «rli>ch,  for  >R- 
dmduality  aiiij  cuu«i»t«nc]r,  rival  tbcptkiGmk's.  Lucu 
hu  JDlroduced  Mveral  Meoc*  of  llic  noit  latvfMtlag 
hind.  Noiliinic,  for  iiwtauce.  eaa  be  tao«c  aMecUng  thu 
tliv  description  or  the  rirol  utoic*  mcanpcd  doac  tocatk 
other,  nnd  llic  interview  which  Inkn  place  betweca  difr- 
rcut  reliitioDi  nod  friends  u  bo  liiid  llirmsrlm  mngtd  ua 
Dpjjotite  Mdcfl,  and  eiptct  to  be  Muntnontd  fnmi  Ibhr 
alion  fmbrBc«  to  their  mpectivc  raakat  perha^a  iba 
next  noucBl  to  embnie  their  biaib  in  each  othn^ 
blood.]  Nothing  can  be  biok  rivid  or  ncliiog  tltto  kla 
dumption  of  the  aiege  or  MarMtlW.  and  the  nanl  «»- 
Bagemcnii^  Mid  there  t*  not  peihapt  cttant  ■  &M) 
•pccimen  of  the  horribly  aublimc  tkaa  lii*  ttrtch  of  ika 
vlteli  Kfictho-ll  llion  wc  maajr  otbci  mutetlf  dcNTip- 
ticiua  which  niight,  and  |wrhapa  ought,  to  be  metttionnlt 
but  th«  great  beauty  of  the  poem  i*.  iluU  item  the  nnd 
IMCtorc  of  pBMing  event*  is  irhat  direclioa  yoB  will, 
lloine — najeatic  Kome — 1«  Kenn  io  the  diilancv;  itr*p|M4 
in  gloomy  grmocleur,  and  throwing  its  TroctabJa  tbaio* 
uier  a  •ubject  world  I 

III  speaking  of  tbenicnU  of  Lucan,  1  may  po««lMy  fat 
ex|>ca«d  not  cDrirrly  to  patt  over  hla  fault*.  There  t* 
dikoenidbic  in  the  PhuHlio.  a  fabe  a&titheiical  ttyle. 


•  sin  aUguUI  uitnii  luttn  quw(iw  ciin  laluna 
MomlUbiB  iirodnH  pDtHi.  let. 

i  ubi.(i>,  >  HI. 

I  Ub.  x.t.U?, 
I  Uli,  fi,  (.  IM, 
I  lA.  IT,  T.  IWl 


•I9TM. 


sol 


much  cnidc  tradition,  imI  tome  tutplew  enggenuioB  t 
and  th«  wbolr  ia  too  ieciaaMtorj,  To  tliew  ilefnli, 
ftomc  Clitic*  han  added  a  culpable  aad  meoD  iduUiioa 
of  the  Emperor,  io  tbe  inUuduciioo  of  the  pocn  i  but 
«o  poet  ev«r  Im«  drMmd  »ucli  rcptufaatioD  i  a*  will 
tppiir  frfim  the  (olloiring  conudarixtioiM : — Lixaa  coo- 
BWMcd  hu  pacta  before  Uie  Etopctor'i  chBraclcr  Kaa 
developed  t  aod  when  it  ajipiantl  to  promiteall  tbat  waa 
amiable,  aod  all  that  «u  vutoou*.  At  tlii*  lime,  lb* 
|>oct  lived  on  tfrnii  of  intimacy  with  hi*  prince  :  and  a 
|>ci*onikl  rricadthip,  mu)  a  cudecduI  love  of  litetaure, 
and  tiuu  tot  the  fine  <uU,  may  bave  had  ibeir  inaeeoce, 
and  Induced  hiin  lo  dedicate  hii  poetn  to  the  Emperor. 
A)  tiioe,  however,  bv^n  to  elicit,  and  event*  to'  blackca 
that  chamrU'c.  the  poet'i  views  wtic  Altered :  B«d,  tbe/v* 
fore,  kouwing  tbat  the  moat  eSKtoal  way  to  render 
■lattery  bamilcM,  wa»  to  maht  il  ptefKWtiioui  ]  and 
being,  moreover,  ilimalated  bf  pHioiwI  piqiM  ;  he  inter* 
wove  ridicule  with  oduUtioa  ;*  bat  hat  doni:  it  to 
ait/ulljr,  thxt  It  lu»  niL«led  wmhc  pecwin),  w)io  oit  un- 
acijuMnted  with  the  circunutancci  under  which  it  waa 
imoad. 

To  coodude, — when  I  think  of  the  Icamlns  which 
Lixaa  ba*  displayed  in  hi*  potn  j  when  1  ihiK  of  the 
iin««BTled  ^iirit  which  aninantes  all  hit  d<ucii|>tioB*i 
and  wheo,  abort  all,  I  tblok  of  the  deep  p«trMitiaui  aad 
bisfa-souled  pblioaophy  which  pervade  every  part  of  it  t— 
aad  when  I  reflect  un  the  tft  of  the  writer,  who  waa 
snatched  from  hi*  laboors  In  hia  tweni]r>*«*«itb  year — 
1  milat  oonfeaa  that  1  do  not  find,  in  all  the  annala  of 
litetature,  any  work  of  genius   which  Kill  bear  a  COOi- 

•  I  mamt  bdp  ihuklne  OM  tbt  1dm  *«■  Iki  Mk  la  lb*  Mk 
lllli.ii  u !«•(.•>*  wiKim  lo  rMUulief  lb* Itapsnii  ^padillT 

In  Ir^wtmlftrai  fkatt  «a>m^«rc  nr/H— (I.eL] 
llifVlfU«pt  oT  NMv'*&<«M,d  JoakcTihlpj  ■JHll^vttt^ 

l-uti  rMO  ttltm  Mi^m  Mdm  Wfi-*.  t*; 
1*  ■  nilnvMI  KvIT  M  a«  Ki*r*>«^  •Mlqri'r  «<  •>*■•*■ 


190  nan*. 

puUon  with  it  t  Apollo  inapiic*  propbtcy  u  weU  u 
pMtry  i  *>>d  if  thetc  i«  aoo  line  in  pocu  Locas**  poem 
nore  imiiiediateljr  iiwpircd  than  wKKber,  U  i*  die  oar 
wb«relie  npi — 

rhimlU  bMtra 
TiNt,  M 1  gulls  UBthrU  duHaUUir  wra. 


(Cy— FAOB  »34. 

iosiPii  or  miMATuMA, 


Hi*  popular  Irgciul  ni«f  be  firanil  in  ColIiMoa'i 
H'lHOrf  of  S«ni«rMt»liirc  i  ukI  u  prtwrved  ta  tlw 
Somcrwtabire  ilintcct,  in  the  following  lin»,  wfaich  t 
lak«  tlie  liberty  of  trfttiBCribing  Inta  the  graphk  iOiH- 
tratioo — *  book  to  tlw  |>«niiiil  of  vrkicfa  I  wa  indebted 
fw  the  tu^Mthta  of  the  foft^lng  Tolamta;  my  attcktioa 
having  b*ea  Hnt  drawn  to  tbla  tubjtct.  by  the  Ewayi  M 
the  Study  of  Antiijulty  contnioeil  in  that  wack.  If  tlw 
muter,  thereforv,  bu  derived  any  amnKntut  from  ny 
tal?,  let  hitu  join  nith  me  in  thaaking  its  Editor,  B-  W. 
Brayley,  Gaq-:  whu.  I  hope  will  not  be  offended  at  iAm 
•ckaowlcdgiaeut  fruin  a  ulnnger. 

A  LEGEND  OF  GLASTONBURy. 

Who  hath  not  hir'd  of  Avalon 

Twa.!  talk'd  <*'  much  and  laog  a(OB  .— 

The  woitdera  o'  tha  Holy  Ibtn, 

The  «'bicb  loon  tier  Chritt  war  honij 

Hefc  a  planted  mr  by  ,4riMaf  A^. 
Thic  Jotfpi  that  coRi'd  over  ma 

And  planted  CtirUliauity. 
I'lift  xA  that  wlien  a  landed  vnal, 
(Zkh  placet)  war  in  God'*  ovra  trntt) 
A  atuck  hit  tUIT  iuio  the  grooa 


nt 


And  over  his  «haulil«r  lookinf  roan, 

Wbalitvr  nud  bis  lot  bitiU, 

H*  Gikd  doad  now,  ' '  ««*rr  all  I 

111*  »t«ir  li«t  budded  end  fact  xrew, 

And  M  Clirwtnu  blooin'd  th«  who)  dt  dfoo. 

And  Mill  bet  blnonu  U  Chrutiau  bd^t  | 

But  btat  thi  zk  at  iatk  miiloigbt 

A  pni(  <i*  (his,  if  piul  you  will, 

U  vouD  in  tb«  nnnii:  u'  VVeiujr  all  Hill  1 


(D).— Met  35«. 


LAKODAOB   or   FLOWSH. 


At  k  further  iUtutratinD  of  tbv  ■jrinbolicsl  cbonclrr 
with  wlilch  tree*  baic  bi.-va  iniutcil,  it  maf  be  (pen* 
tioncd  tbu  Kircbcr  thai  tnntlatca  an  upluialMB  ortlic 
propertia*  of  tbc  tree  of  knuKlcdge  i  "  Th«  fntl  tne  In 
the  nidtt  of  Pwadbe.  the  iwigs  and  ItatMof  wbUh 
were  Icttrn,  and  the  brancbea  words!" 

CtttJ  Ay  D»rirt,  Ctil.  An.  p.  300. 
Tlic  [Kiel  Mount  ha*,  with  his  amal  rciicity,  pootkiui] 
thl*  doctrine  : 

The  Ima^c  of  love,  that  nightly  flin 

To  *i«it  the  bashful  maid, 
SteaU  from  thc/anunr  Jlawrr,  that  Mgtu 

Its  soul,  like  her  in  tbc  shude. 
The  dream  of  a  futott,  liap|iicr  how, 

Tlint  olishtu  on  tamerf'a  brow, 
Sphngi  out  uf  the  saAwiy  ^moti/Uue^, 

That  btouma  od  a  Ipafle**  bauj^h. 
Tbc  viiiotu  that  ott  to  wvililly  tyei 

The  glittn  of  mints  unfold, 
Inhabit  the  mommlmim  herh  fitcl  Urn 

Tit  Uolh  <tf  rV/Hm  tikf  goU. 
The  phaatoin  tbapc*— ob  toacb  not  tbtn^ 


SgS  K«TB«. 

That  Hppil  itic  inaraortr**  «i|dit> 
Lurk  iti  the  Arahlf  mandratt'*  aWn, 

Thu  ■hnrk*  whrn  pluek'd  M  nitlit, 
Tlic  drenin  of  the  iejur'd,  patient  niad, 

Tlial  smiln  It  the  wnmp  urin«ii. 
It  fouDd  ill  the  bruidfil  sad  iroaaiM  rind 

or  the  (nrntava,  awntott  tbtn  t 

Lifhl  «f  IKt  Hcrtm. 


PLVTAMCn    AND   OB»l*X. 

*■  Plourch."  My*  the  Rw.  W.  L.  BowIm,  "  inibnu 
tin,  that  occnHing  to  the  Celt*,  Iho  Mmb  of  the  taisbtr, 
on  kAviog  the  iii>d)r,  rode  on  the  winb  and  leai|>nla.— 
What  an  wmpwwd  corroboratMit  ot  tb«  moU  of  i1k 
bcrow  ia  Uw  cUjuii*  urOwian." 

Hirttn  BrUatMttu, 

Tiat  pMt  nortriD  cxcrcinc  hu  HUfgnted  to  dtlTfirnt 
poetx,  n  nrirt;  of  Appiicatiiint  of  It.  Omkb  dbm  it  a* 
a  nMD*  nf  Fcluation  in  hravfti;  Miltue  and  Shaloptarc 
af  puii»hmciil  in  hell;  CokridgB,  aaaiDMnsof  prolMt- 
tion  in  purga.torj'  i  and  DuUb  has  emplojrcd  it  aa  part  of 
hia  ntacbiBOT  in  both  of  the  latter  plocca. 


(F>.— raaa  9$3. 


Ettraet  fitm  tFitiiut't  TVmKm  m  IJ^  BffpOm  Mgth- 
rin  rfltiirr  I*  Ikt  fiUar*  ^  n^k. 

"Et  prims quid«in  il)ud  a  doctlaiimia  riru  OtMcrvaltin 
ckt  aDtiqoluiinuia  iDam  Mttc«niim,  qvj  in  Africaiii  dy- 
nutia  'AUtik  dicltnr,  fliiu*  ^fraliM  prlml  E«:n)tiorwB 
nfis,  qaciD^Bc  EgyptJl  Tocsnt  9vM,  Atcxandiini   OiS 


MOTKi. 


IM 


Gntci  '^v'Ci'.  imUm  Itbm  wriptlMC,  Md  «Mm  uAim 
•JUfMt,  tin  coluiiHias,  naruM  totra  ittabett!  qwr. 
PMuftni*  Wile,*  in  aatri*  coD4iUE«uilnibUTra»n*ii(>ad 
ThctHu,  tren*  Nilum.  ww  procvl  a  K)aaaU  Memiwn'u 
«Ulu« :  in  loco  qnem  fic  I'piyyK  auncupanb  Soot 
•utcm  Syrinitn,  tuMpttU  AmmUne  UMGcmoot,  xib- 
teinuiei  ijuiJiuu  el  AiKtOoal  MCMaiNi  quM  Bt  ftrtar,  pe- 
hli  rinuiH  veUMtoniH  {ftdvcntuc  dilunum  pnaKti.  tmt- 
tiMBtfWtM  n*  CMfiiRoaiuiua  obliUMtor  Menoria)  peni- 
tu»  optroM  di|c*io*  fodiiua  per  loca  divona  atmerent  i 
et  csriti*  paiietibui,  v^ucruro  fermiumque  ECoera  nultft 
•oilpsmint.  et  animaliiun  spKlM  Uiauncra*.  <)in*  Hiv- 
roglypliicaa  liUra*  ■ppcllarant.  Ex  ila  atciwdiia  Mar- 
curia*.  Mow  rccvDtior,  libtot  auot  onnMrcioAM*  didtnf. 
M&ocllios  apud  SyDCtlliaai  ail  PloloaiRUin  Phil  add  jibun 
•cripBiuM  ftrltiT  T(pl  rqc  Jp^i'Vtlac  rAr  >  ^i'r<|M  'JCffd 
JliCUtfr.  de  iotcrpireUtioDe  librorum  Mcrettrii  accamll. 
E<  •lelu,  inquit,  pwilla  'f  »^  XuputJi*j  yf,  pro  quo 
Valcaiaii  Irgi  mavull,  Zi>pi)7Kp  r#  rt  eiaratia  tacra  dla- 
bcto.  tt  Hircugiapbieb  Uteiiaa  Ttioth,  iiui  cac  Mrrmnua 
prinuw,  «<cundua  Mcmrina,  ApUiodcaioala  ftliut,  Tati 
palM,  l)bKi»  tnulBiiu  quo*  tn  tenplorau  EfTpli  adytia 
rupmuit.  Ki  iiksua  SanckuBiatixi  in  linguam  Pbanimin: 
Manntlios  tva  ia  Gmcam  Uaaatubt.": 


<Q).— paoR  3S7. 

lOBHtiTir  or  Tna  rs«ai«M»  *mi>  cclti. 

"  A  I'^gard  ilci  Prnta.  ja  ne  doute  poial  du  toiU  i)U'ib 
ne  fatarnt  It  miniv  \>va\>i*  i)iie  lea  CdUa.  Ni  la  lupw 
dn  IVraca,  nl  laure  ci>antma*i  nt  ieui  r«>1i|ia<i  nc  dIM- 
raiant  paa  aiWHaRfncM  do  Mil*  dn  CriUa,"   PiUiMtiar. 

•  Wlun  C«yt>tlu>.  Uta.  U,  ft  ),  •.  4. 
t  t  Ub.  I.  p.  % 
I  3  Lia.  ixit. 


3O0 


NOTU. 


Hi*t.  del  OltM,  p.  19.  quoted  by  BorlaM. 
Othtr  circomMAncc*.  which  pron  the  rnrmbliuKV 
bctwrnsthf  Pfrtinni  and  C«lt»  are  certain  round  tovcn 
ciialiog  in  Ireland,  and  no  nhrre  cbe  dtMOnred,  nevpt 
to  PersiB  umI  India,.  See  thit  mirmbluict  farther  (raced 
in  Ibe  Pictorial  HintDry  of  England,  pp.  13,  U.  he, 
Mfo  p.  38.  where  ii  is  suited  "  ihst  the  Mjilic-wni'd 
can  of  the  Itriloni  may  be  Mourned  m  on*  of  the  many 
liDk*  in  that  chain  whirh  acems  W  colincct  them  wiA 
PcTtia  and  the  Eoat.  where  NfiiiUr  Tcbiclea  were  in 
fat  many  aj^." 


VUB  bHVIM. 


The  relipOD  of  the  Druida  must  not  be  canToiiDded 
with  their  inatitution*  as  an  older  of  priesthood :  for 
iboagb  Britain  may  hare  been  primary  peapJtd  tnm 
Gaul,  and  have  derived  ill  name,  as  Triads  reconi,  from 
I'rjdajii.  a  Datiee  of  Britaony,  and  deatendant  oT  the 
t»saam»  ^.d;  andthouKh  Ollk  rrlifpQn  aiay  haee  beta 
introduced  by  hi*  follower* :  ytt  the  imthutioB  of  the 
Order  ot  Druids  tbr  the  maintcaancc  and  regnlatian  of 
(hat  relijtion  i«  generally  deemed  of  BiMnll  ocigja-* 

■  Dr,  DwUh  bu  marr  than  nnrt  nrrtit  IWafaMnnlai  "um 
■fWMnr  rHIi^Wd  otrvmuiilD  uid  rcnri*  vc  And  rrcofdnl  ta  Imn 
bno  ■■wjis  Ibt  CtrmaUK  «fid  naf1b«m  imtlont,  tbt^r  tn  pwtt  df  tba 
•UCMdf  wl%nn.  Moani  ID  *IJ  (bt  Wot  if  Kwif*  Md  csoMqwMIr 
tsUuDniUai  nianiAnUu  npaMMton  aC  OanMsr  B<  (^  >••» 
tbtm  roQiinltv  majglrt  ffrf«t  ll^ht  hin  taattf  t^  Dnfda.  a&d  dht 
Jmllr  bt  rrFrrrvl  tf.  b  Ibry  rVnjumllr  an.  It  tUl  wfe^  Bnl  Ibks  Hra' 
Bvnf  wUl  titi  baAr  twiQf  Lnnnrd ,  ih*  Inwnv  to  oat  Im*.  fbr  ir^al  «v 
SthI  rMnrrixl  at  tbr  prvKli,  »n  bf  do  iiih«i>i  mWlll  If  1>I  " ai 


taivraD  it  ttnwita  *x>  (v.  1)^  rowise  etaaat. 


f 


1